共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 437 毫秒
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中心取样空心螺旋钻进法是新发展起来的钻进工艺,阐述了螺旋钻进法的应用与发展.并论述了各种中心取样空心螺旋钻进法的钻具结构与施工方法.包括内钻杆柱式中心取样钻具、绳索升降式中心取样钻具.摩斯取样系统以及詹姆科绳索回收取样装置. 相似文献
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海洋沉积地层多功能取样钻具研制 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
目前,海洋钻探取心主要采用提钻或绳索打捞的方式获取岩心。随着对取心质量和采取率要求越来越高,再加上海底沉积层变化多样,单一的取样器具已经不能满足当前的取样需要。为此,本文研制了一种海洋沉积地层多功能取样钻具,能够根据海底地层性质,开展低扰动、高品质的取样操作。通过海洋钻进取样试验表明,针对海底的淤泥、粘土及砂质地层,超前取样钻具、液压剪切取样钻具和半合管取样钻具能够有效获取海底的沉积层岩样,平均采取率为73.34%。研制的多功能取样钻具采用超前取样和液压压入取样技术,降低了对沉积物岩心的扰动,提升了岩心品质和采取率,为下一步的工程化应用奠定了基础。 相似文献
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保温保压取样,作为开展海域天然气水合物勘查工作的关键技术方法,是采获水合物原位样品的核心技术手段。本文对国内外海域天然气水合物保温保压取样钻具的相关资料进行了汇总梳理,并从工作原理、结构特点和试验应用等方面对国内保温保压取样钻具的研究与应用进展进行了分析与总结。通过采用不同的工作原理,国内保温保压取样钻具已能够在软-中硬-硬地层中进行取样,在工程应用中的保压成功率、岩心收获率等性能指标能够满足取样需求,有效推进了天然气水合物勘查评价自主化实施进程。 相似文献
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提出了在我国开展软煤及煤层气钻探取样的必要性和对取样工具的特殊要求,在总结提高采取率和取样质量技术途径的基础上,论述并具体分析了用于软煤钻探和钻取含气样品的新型钻具结构,得出了取煤样钻具应具有单动、超前、隔水、避振、防脱功能和取气样钻具应在此基础上增加密封、冻结、集气功能的结论。研讨的钻具结构特征对于开展软煤及煤层气钻探取样的同行具有参考价值。 相似文献
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Francis J. Sansone James T. Hollibaugh Sue M. Vink Randoph M. Chambers Samantha B. Joye Brian N. Popp 《Estuaries and Coasts》1994,17(3):716-720
A diver-operated piston corer suitable for collecting cores of >3 m length from fine-grained nearshore sediment has been developed. The corer uses a platform that rests on the sediment surface supporting both the operators and a derrick that maintains the piston at the sediment-water interface. The core is insected into and recovered from the sediment manually. The technique offers several advantages; low cost, minimal disruption of the sediment-water interface, little compaction of the sediment, the ability to collect longer length cores than is possible with gravity corers, and the ability to be deployed from relatively small boats. Dissolved ammonium and inorganic carbon data are presented from a 3.3-m core collected by this technique from Tomales Bay, California. 相似文献
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Cores of soft lake sediments 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Short cores of soft sediment, used in studying the pollution history of lakes, can be obtained with a plastic tube fitted with a piston and piston wire. If the sediments of deep water are annually laminated (and thus difficult to sample without disturbance) or contain excess gas (which can disrupt the stratigraphy during its escape), a short 'core' can be acquired by producing a frozen crust on a tube filled with dry ice and butanol.
A continuous core of soft lake sediment at least 7 m long can be obtained in a single drive beneath deep water with a hand-driven piston corer. Such a core assures the complete continuity necessary for counting annual laminations or for making close-interval analyses without fear of gaps, and it provides the uniform orientation required for measurements of paleomagnetic directions. 相似文献
A continuous core of soft lake sediment at least 7 m long can be obtained in a single drive beneath deep water with a hand-driven piston corer. Such a core assures the complete continuity necessary for counting annual laminations or for making close-interval analyses without fear of gaps, and it provides the uniform orientation required for measurements of paleomagnetic directions. 相似文献
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Doklady Earth Sciences - This paper is devoted to the problem of studying the rheological properties of seafloor sediments during the sampling process with the use of a gravity corer. The problem... 相似文献
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河北平原区找煤和老矿区外围勘探深度多在1500m左右,钻孔的质量控制成为保证勘查报告质量的关键。以磁西一号勘探区37—3孔为例,介绍了超深钻孔的的质量控制措施,指出了在孔斜预防方面,要求钻塔安装稳固．选择适宜的钻进参数,采用钻铤加压,保持钻具不弯曲,每200m进行测斜一次;在岩心采取方面,使用双管取心和岩心提断器进行取心,钻时控制在2．5～3h,进尺不超过3m,严格按比例配制泥浆;在采取煤心时,运用三层管单动取煤器取粉煤及块煤,伸缩式二型取煤器取易碎煤心的方法。通过对超深地质孔质量控制关键环节的分析,提出了对超深地质孔质量控制的方法和建议。 相似文献
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在南海北部神狐海域水合物活跃区域开展了一次综合的海洋地质、物理海洋和生态环境调查,10个站位分布在水深1 000~4 000 m范围内的陆坡和深水盆地区域,是南海北部油气活跃的重要区域和天然气水合物试采区域.航次主要对10个海底站位进行了表层沉积物箱式和重力活塞柱状取样.针对天然气水合物试采区域,开展了一台"海燕"水下滑翔机的海洋物理环境连续走航剖面观测.利用海底地震仪在两个站位开展了连续海底地震和微振动观测.进行了站位的分层水体和沉积物样品中微生物学实验研究.初步航次结果展示了沉积物为黏土和软泥.站位和水下滑翔机走航观测提供了水体内海洋物理环境参数变化特征.海底地震仪观测展示了研究区天然地震活动和可能与水合物活动有关的微震动和短持续事件记录.微生物学实验揭示了沉积物中的微生物细菌群落特征. 相似文献
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Toxic metal contamination in the lateral lakes of the Coeur d'Alene River valley, Idaho 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
K.F. Sprenke W.C. Rember S.F. Bender M.L. Hoffmann F. Rabbi V.E. Chamberlain 《Environmental Geology》2000,39(6):575-586
The 11 lateral lakes of Coeur d'Alene River valley in northern Idaho have received heavy metal contamination from over a
century of upstream mining. The lateral lakes lie within the flood plain of the Coeur d'Alene River, and in their bottom sediments
is preserved a stratigraphic record of the upstream mining operations. To characterize the contaminated sediments in the lateral
lakes, sampling techniques, including the Livingston piston corer and the Huttenen freeze box, have been developed by Quaternary
geologists to preserve the vertical stratigraphy in the samples. From 26 cm to over 55 cm of undisturbed tailing sediments,
commonly with “varve-like” features, have been found in each of the lateral lakes, with maximum concentrations by weight of
lead at 3.8%, zinc at 3.4%, arsenic at 340 mg/kg, cadmium at 120 mg/kg and mercury at 7 mg/kg. The contamination in the lakes
appears to be restricted to the shallow subsurface and heavy metal concentrations generally drop to background levels within
a meter of depth.
Received: 22 May 1998 · Accepted: 21 September 1998 相似文献
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SVEN BLOMQVIST 《Sedimentology》1985,32(4):605-612
The performances of four light-weight, open sampling devices intended for use in soft sediments, the Axelsson-Håkanson gravity corer, the Kajak gravity corer, the Jenkin bottom sampler and the Ekman grab (box corer), were examined in situ by direct observation, measurement and photographic documentation by a SCUBA diver. Restrictions on the reliability of the sediment samples obtained with these devices and sediment coring instruments in general are evaluated. Separate studies of core shortening show: (1) a positive linear relationship between sediment penetration depth at which shortening of cores starts and coring tube inner diameter, (2) a tube size related shift of curve pattern in the regressions of the core shortening versus sediment depth, and (3) a negative non-linear relationship of shortening intensity versus increasing coring tube inner diameter. These findings show the great risk, when sampling soft sediments, of obtaining a sample quantitatively unrepresentative of the in situ stratification. An accurate correction factor for the degree of core shortening requires a knowledge of: (1) the sediment depth at which core shortening commences, and (2) the curve describing the relationship of shortening to depth of penetration. 相似文献