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1.
This article investigates how workout trajectories from a mobile sports tracking application can be used to provide automatic route suggestions for bicyclists. We apply a Hidden Markov Model (HMM)‐based method for matching cycling tracks to a “bicycle network” extracted from crowdsourced OpenStreetMap (OSM) data, and evaluate its effective differences in terms of optimal routing compared with a simple geometric point‐to‐curve method. OSM has quickly established itself as a popular resource for bicycle routing; however, its high‐level of detail presents challenges for its applicability to popularity‐based routing. We propose a solution where bikeways are prioritized in map‐matching, achieving good performance; the HMM‐based method matched correctly on average 94% of the route length. In addition, we show that the extremely biased nature of the trajectory dataset, which is typical of volunteered user‐generated data, can be of high importance in terms of popularity‐based routing. Most computed routes diverged depending on whether the number of users or number of tracks was used as an indicator of popularity, which may imply varying preferences among different types of cyclists. Revising the number of tracks by diversity of users to surmount local biases in the data had a more limited effect on routing. 相似文献
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全球遥感数据剖分组织的GeoSOT网格应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对目前不同部门按自身行业特点采用不同数据网格的问题,为了寻求更适合与现有测绘数据组织体系兼容的遥感数据组织网格,本文分析了Worldwind、Google Earth、Google Maps、Bing Maps、天地图、GeoSOT网格和国家地形图图幅等数据网格,理论证明了GeoSOT网格与国家地形图图幅和其他网格具有很好的同构性,有利于与传统测绘数据的继承,适合作为全球遥感数据统一组织与管理网格。同时,在不改变现有数据组织体系的前提下,提出了基于GeoSOT全球遥感数据“虚拟一张网”的数据组织模型和数据整合方法。最后通过试验证明,基于GeoSOT遥感影像“虚拟一张网”的数据组织可有效提高遥感数据整合效率。 相似文献
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Until recently, land surveys and digital interpretation of remotely sensed imagery have been used to generate land use inventories. These techniques however, are often cumbersome and costly, allocating large amounts of technical and temporal costs. The technological advances of web 2.0 have brought a wide array of technological achievements, stimulating the participatory role in collaborative and crowd sourced mapping products. This has been fostered by GPS-enabled devices, and accessible tools that enable visual interpretation of high resolution satellite images/air photos provided in collaborative mapping projects. Such technologies offer an integrative approach to geography by means of promoting public participation and allowing accurate assessment and classification of land use as well as geographical features. OpenStreetMap (OSM) has supported the evolution of such techniques, contributing to the existence of a large inventory of spatial land use information. This paper explores the introduction of this novel participatory phenomenon for land use classification in Europe's metropolitan regions. We adopt a positivistic approach to assess comparatively the accuracy of these contributions of OSM for land use classifications in seven large European metropolitan regions. Thematic accuracy and degree of completeness of OSM data was compared to available Global Monitoring for Environment and Security Urban Atlas (GMESUA) datasets for the chosen metropolises. We further extend our findings of land use within a novel framework for geography, justifying that volunteered geographic information (VGI) sources are of great benefit for land use mapping depending on location and degree of VGI dynamism and offer a great alternative to traditional mapping techniques for metropolitan regions throughout Europe. Evaluation of several land use types at the local level suggests that a number of OSM classes (such as anthropogenic land use, agricultural and some natural environment classes) are viable alternatives for land use classification. These classes are highly accurate and can be integrated into planning decisions for stakeholders and policymakers. 相似文献
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The Annotation Process in OpenStreetMap 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
In this article we describe the analysis of 25,000 objects from the OpenStreetMap (OSM) databases of Ireland, United Kingdom, Germany, and Austria. The objects are selected as exhibiting the characteristics of “heavily edited” objects. We consider “heavily edited” objects as having 15 or more versions over the object's lifetime. Our results indicate that there are some serious issues arising from the way contributors tag or annotate objects in OSM. Values assigned to the “name” and “highway” attributes are often subject to frequent and unexpected change. However, this “tag flip‐flopping” is not found to be strongly correlated with increasing numbers of contributors. We also show problems with usage of the OSM ontology/controlled vocabularly. The majority of errors occurring were caused by contributors choosing values from the ontology “by hand” and spelling these values incorrectly. These issues could have a potentially detrimental effect on the quality of OSM data while at the same time damaging the perception of OSM in the GIS community. The current state of tagging and annotation in OSM is not perfect. We feel that the problems identified are a combination of the flexibility of the tagging process in OSM and the lack of a strict mechanism for checking adherence to the OSM ontology for specific core attributes. More studies related to comparing the names of features in OSM to recognized ground‐truth datasets are required. 相似文献
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介绍了基于WebGIS的车辆监控系统关键技术,讨论了基于Google Maps构建车辆监控系统的优越性,利用Google Maps和Ajax实现了车辆定位,位置查询,轨迹回放,异步数据通信等关键技术。 相似文献
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地震信息显示软件将Google Maps API技术与Delphi7.0开发环境结合,脱离了Google Maps Api技术在嵌入式网站服务器上的开发,相对避开了API密钥的申请和使用限制,实现了中国地震信息网和美国地震信息中心2个网站的震情数据的实时显示,并增设了全球震情动态和震情报警功能,达到虚拟地震台网功能。 相似文献
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The Potential of Maps APIs for Internet GIS Applications 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
T Edwin Chow 《Transactions in GIS》2008,12(2):179-191
Since the launching of Maps Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) in 2005, many web developers, including geographers and non‐geographers, applauded the freely adaptable tools and used them to spawn numerous Internet applications. The success of the Maps APIs is largely attributable to its no‐cost policy, the availability of global data coverage, dynamic navigation, query capability, and ease of implementation. Despite its versatility in dynamic exploration of geographic data online, the existing Maps APIs lack Geographic Information System (GIS) functionalities compared to other Internet Mapping Services. The goal of this research was to review the potential of the Maps APIs for Internet GIS applications. This research employed the Google Maps API and developed a web prototype that disseminates spatial information of urban sprawl in Mundy Township, Michigan. The results revealed that both vector and raster data could be effectively represented by using the Maps API. Moreover, the Geographic Markup Language (GML) approach illustrated great potential for developing Internet GIS solutions around open specifications. This research suggested several potential solutions to expand the spectrum of GIS operations of the Maps APIs by incorporating the XML‐related technology and extending the JavaScript library. 相似文献
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基于Google Maps API所提供的接口,把Google地图嵌入到自己的网页中,利用API提供的函数导入所需要的电子地图,实现了地图浏览和旅游信息显示等基本内容,并完成在电子地图上对旅游景点、旅游线路、旅游景区等信息的标注,使游客能够方便快捷地获取旅游景点及附近信息,从而合理安排旅游计划。 相似文献
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车道线检测是自动驾驶汽车或高级驾驶辅助系统的重要组成部分,利用安装在车辆前方的单目相机以实时成像的方式获取车辆在当前车道的横向偏移,从而为车辆的车道保持、超车换道等横向控制策略提供参考。本文提出了一种基于双灭点估计的实时、稳健的车道检测方法。首先利用尺度自适应的局部对称算子对车道线点特征进行提取;其次对左右车道线分别估计灭点,以灭点为导向,构建特征点的统计直方图;然后选择穿过大多数特征点的直线且通过特征点和所选线之间的重叠度对灭点进行估计更新,重复上一步骤以获得稳定的灭点;最后基于稳定的灭点验证并选择最佳的车道线。本文在公共数据集对提出的方法进行了测试,试验结果表明,本文方法在满足实时性的前提下,能有效提高算法整体的稳健性。 相似文献
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The assessment of OpenStreetMap (OSM) data quality has become an interdisciplinary research area over the recent years. The question of whether the OSM road network should be updated through periodic data imports from public domain data, or whether the currency of OSM data should rather rely on more traditional data collection efforts by active contributors, has led to perpetual debates within the OSM community. A US Census TIGER/Line 2005 import into OSM was accomplished in early 2008, which generated a road network foundation for the active community members in the US. In this study we perform a longitudinal analysis of road data for the US by comparing the development of OSM and TIGER/Line data since the initial TIGER/Line import. The analysis is performed for the 50 US states and the District of Columbia, and 70 Urbanized Areas. In almost all tested states and Urbanized Areas, OSM misses roads for motorized traffic when compared with TIGER/Line street data, while significant contributions could be observed in pedestrian related network data in OSM compared with corresponding TIGER/Line data. We conclude that the quality of OSM road data could be improved through new OSM editor tools allowing contributors to trace current TIGER/Line data. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(9):995-1012
ABSTRACTEarth observation (EO) data, such as high-resolution satellite imagery or LiDAR, has become one primary source for forests Aboveground Biomass (AGB) mapping and estimation. However, managing and analyzing the large amount of globally or locally available EO data remains a great challenge. The Google Earth Engine (GEE), which leverages cloud-computing services to provide powerful capabilities on the management and rapid analysis of various types of EO data, has appeared as an inestimable tool to address this challenge. In this paper, we present a scalable cyberinfrastructure for on-the-fly AGB estimation, statistics, and visualization over a large spatial extent. This cyberinfrastructure integrates state-of-the-art cloud computing applications, including GEE, Fusion Tables, and the Google Cloud Platform (GCP), to establish a scalable, highly extendable, and high-performance analysis environment. Two experiments were designed to demonstrate its superiority in performance over the traditional desktop environment and its scalability in processing complex workflows. In addition, a web portal was developed to integrate the cyberinfrastructure with some visualization tools (e.g. Google Maps, Highcharts) to provide a Graphical User Interfaces (GUI) and online visualization for both general public and geospatial researchers. 相似文献
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It is sometimes easy to forget that massive crowdsourced data products such as Wikipedia and OpenStreetMap (OSM) are the sum of individual human efforts stemming from a variety of personal and institutional interests. We present a geovisual analytics tool called Crowd Lens for OpenStreetMap designed to help professional users of OSM make sense of the characteristics of the “crowd” that constructed OSM in specific places. The tool uses small multiple maps to visualize each contributor’s piece of the crowdsourced whole, and links OSM features with the free-form commit messages supplied by their contributors. Crowd Lens allows sorting and filtering contributors by characteristics such as number of contributions, most common language used, and OSM attribute tags applied. We describe the development and evaluation of Crowd Lens, showing how a multiple-stage user-centered design process (including testing by geospatial technology professionals) helped shape the tool’s interface and capabilities. We also present a case study using Crowd Lens to examine cities in six continents. Our findings should assist institutions deliberating OSM’s fitness for use for different applications. Crowd Lens is also potentially informative for researchers studying Internet participation divides and ways that crowdsourced products can be better comprehended with visual analytics methods. 相似文献
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利用OpenStreetMap数据进行高空间分辨率遥感影像分类 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对高分辨率遥感影像分类样本标注困难的问题,提出了一种利用OpenStreetMap （OSM）数据自动获取标注样本的方法。与现有的利用OSM数据进行分类的方法不同,该方法加入了空间特征以弥补单独使用光谱特征分类的不足。首先,基于OSM数据提供的地物类别和位置信息进行样本标注,为了降低OSM数据中少量错误信息对分类结果的影响,采用聚类分析的方法对样本进行提纯;其次,使用形态学轮廓来提取影像的结构特征,挖掘高分辨率遥感影像丰富的空间信息,与光谱特征相叠加并输入分类器进行分类。试验证明,本文提出的方法能够有效避免人工样本标注所需要的人力物力;同时,联合影像的光谱空间特征能够更好地描述地物特性,得到较高的分类精度。 相似文献
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针对现有车道级道路信息获取方法大多存在数据采集成本高、更新周期长、数据处理难度大等缺点,提出了一种基于浮动车数据（floating car data,FCD）的城市车道数量信息快速获取方法。首先根据浮动车数据的空间分布特征,利用Delaunay三角网方法对数据进行优选,通过探测优选后浮动车数据覆盖的宽度间接得到道路宽度;然后将一部分已知车道数量及浮动车数据覆盖宽度的路段作为训练样本,分析其车道数量和浮动车数据覆盖宽度之间的关系构建基本分类器;最后按照待测路段的浮动车数据分布宽度查找基本分类器,获取待测路段可能存在的若干个车道数量类型候选值,并利用约束高斯混合模型对最终车道数量类型进行确认。实验结果表明,该方法实现了从低精度浮动车数据中快速获取车道数量信息,提取精度达到了82.3%。 相似文献
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Measuring the Reliability of Wheelchair User Route Planning based on Volunteered Geographic Information 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1 
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下载免费PDF全文 Pascal Neis 《Transactions in GIS》2015,19(2):188-201
The development of a wheelchair user friendly route planning application inherits a number of special requirements and details that need to be considered during the generation of the routing graph and the corresponding algorithm, making this task much more complex than car or pedestrian related applications. Each wheelchair type and, more importantly, each individual user might have different needs with regards to the way condition or other criteria. This study proposes a new approach to route planning for wheelchair users tailored for individual and personal requirements provided by the user and the calculation of a reliability factor of the computed wheelchair path. The routing graph is based on the freely available Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) retrieved from the OpenStreetMap (OSM) project. The newly created algorithm is evaluated and tested for a selected area in Bonn, Germany. A new reliability factor is introduced that gives direct feedback about the quality of the generated path. Similar factor estimations can also be utilized for multiple route planning applications where VGI or other commercial or administrative data is implemented and more detailed factors than a simple geometric representation of a street network are of importance. 相似文献
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An Exploration of Future Patterns of the Contributions to OpenStreetMap and Development of a Contribution Index 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Jamal Jokar Arsanjani Peter Mooney Marco Helbich Alexander Zipf 《Transactions in GIS》2015,19(6):896-914
OpenStreetMap (OSM) represents one of the most well‐known examples of a collaborative mapping project. Major research efforts have so far dealt with data quality analysis but the modality of OSM's evolution across space and time has barely been noted. This study aims to analyze spatio‐temporal patterns of contributions in OSM by proposing a contribution index (CI) in order to investigate the dynamism of OSM. The CI is based on a per cell analysis of the node quantity, interactivity, semantics, and attractivity (the ability to attract contributors). Additionally this research explores whether OSM has been constantly attracting new users and contributions or if OSM has experienced a decline in its ability to attract continued contributions. Using the Stuttgart region of Germany as a case study the empirical findings of the CI over time confirm that since 2007, OSM has been constantly attracting new users, who create new features, edit the existing spatial objects, and enrich them with attributes. This rate has been dramatically growing since 2011. The utilization of a Cellular Automata‐Markov (CA‐Markov) model provides evidence that by the end of 2016 and 2020, the rise of CI will spread out over the study area and only a few cells without OSM features will remain. 相似文献
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车辆保险公司对路面查勘车辆的调度以及事故现场的查勘效率是体现公司服务水平的关键。近年来,一些保险公司已逐步试点车辆查勘定损无纸化和车辆调度自动化管理。本文运用无线互联网、GoogleMapsAPI等技术,基于Android平台开发移动查勘定损客户端,实现调度指令接收、信息录入与查询、拍照取证、信息上传、实时定位跟踪、路径规划等功能;根据车险查勘调度模型研究成果,运用Flex,WebService等多种Web技术,基于SuperMapiServer平台开发室内调度客户端,实现网络地图可视化、地图量测、现场查勘信息接收与查询、查勘车辆调度等功能。 相似文献