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1.
Desertification is an environmental issue in the world. The salt-alkalization desertification land area formed by both primary and secondary salt-alkalization has extended in a large scale, which has become a significant eco-environmental problem. Based on the characteristics of eco-environment and the situation of desertification in westem Songnen plain, this paper reports the analyzes of its formation in background and cause. An early waming system on the salt-alkalization desertification is established and the GIS technology is used to abstract the information of desertification evaluation index. Supported by the integrated technology of the GIS and ANN, the orientation and quantitative result of desertification are gained, which is helpful to the eco-environment protection and resource development in westem Songnen Plain.  相似文献   

2.
Desertification is an environmental issue in the world. The salt-alkalization desertification land area formed by both primary and secondary salt-alkalization has extended in a large scale, which has become a significant eco-environmental problem. Based on the characteristics of eco-environment and the situation ofdesertification in western Songnen plain, this paper reports the analyzes of its formation in background and cause. An early warning system on the salt-alkalization desertification is established and the GIS technology is used to abstract the information of desertification evaluation index. Supported by the integrated technology of the GIS and ANN, the orientation and quantitative result of desertification are gained, which is helpful to the eco-environment protection and resource development in western Songnen Plain.  相似文献   

3.
Desertification is an environmental issue in the world. The salt-alkalization desertification land area formed by both primary and secondary salt-alkalization has extended in a large scale, which has become a significant eco-environmental problem. Based on the characteristics of eco-environment and the situation of desertification in western Songnen plain, this paper reports the analyzes of its formation in background and cause. An early warning system on the salt-alkalization desertification is established and the GIS technology is used to abstract the information of desertification evaluation index. Supported by the integrated technology of the GIS and ANN, the orientation and quantitative result of desertification are gained, which is helpful to the eco-environment protection and resource development in western Songnen Plain.  相似文献   

4.
Northeast China is the region with the largest area of wetlands in China. The Sanjiang Plain and the Songnen Plain are large freshwater marsh distribution regions that are affected by climate warming and by the increasing frequency and density of extreme weather and are the regions most subject to disturbances by human activities in Northeast China. The wetlands of the Sanjiang Plain and the Songnen Plain have shrunk severely in the past 60 years, and wetland functions have been reduced substantially because of climate change, unreasonable land use, fire episodes, engineering and construction works and urbanization. Large-scale agricultural development started in the 1950s has been the most important driving factor for wetland loss and degradation in the Sanjiang Plain. Water shortage has been the most important factor for degradation and fragmentation of wetlands in the Songnen Plain. To mitigate wetland degradation and better protect wetlands, special regulations, long-term mechanisms and technical support of wetland protection should be established. A wetland compensation program should be implemented, and technologies for increasing the adaptive capacity of wetlands should be developed. Moreover, it is most important to find the balanced threshold between agricultural development and wetland protection.  相似文献   

5.
１ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＩｎｅｃｏｓｙｓｔｅｍｆｒａｇｉｌｅｅｃｏｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔｉｓｄｅｆｉｎｅｄａｓｔｈｅ“ｉｎｔｅｒｆａｃｅ＂ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｔｗｏｏｒｍｏｒｅｓｙｓｔｅｍｓｏｆｍａｔｔｅｒｅｎｅｒｇｙｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｏｒｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎａｎｄｔｈｅｔｒａｎｓｉｔｉｏｎｒｅｇｉｏｎｅｘｔｅｎｄｉｎｇｆｒｏｍｔｈｉｓｉｎｔｅｒｆａｃｅＮＩＵ１９８９．ＴｈｅｆｒａｇｉｌｅｅｃｏｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔｏｆｔｈｅＳｏｎｇｎｅｎＰｌａｉｎｉｓｓｉｔｕ-ａｔｅｄｏｎｓｕｃｈ…  相似文献   

6.
As the important reserve land resources for food production,saline-alkali land should play a significant role to ensure the national food security in the context of global food crisis. The western Songnen Plain is one of main distribution regions of saline-alkali land in China,with great potential in agricultural development. In this study,the extent,transformation,spatial distribution and temporal change of saline-alkali land in the western Songnen Plain during 1954–2005 were investigated by using remote sensing and GIS spatial analysis methods. Saline-alkali land change was detected from a temporal series of topographic maps in 1954,satellite images of Landsat MSS in 1976,Landsat TM/ETM in 1988,2000 and 2005 through artificial visual interpretation. The results indicated a significant expansion in saline-alkali land area and aggravation in salinization. The area of saline-alkali land had increased from 401.48×103 ha in 1954 to 1 097.45×103 ha in 2005. While the ratio of light,moderate and serious salinized land areas changed from 6.72︰2.92︰1.00 to 1.25︰1.06︰1.00 in the study period. Grassland,cropland,swampland and water body were the major land use and land cover types from which saline-alkali land transformed. And the secondary salinization occured mainly in Da′an City,Tongyu County,Changling County,Daqing City,Dorbod Mongolian Autonomous County and Zhaoyuan County. Finally,seven large ecoregions and 14 corresponding sub-ecoregions were delineated out based on spatio-temopral dynamic characteristics of saline-alkali land and geo-relational environmental attributes. According to the results,measures of amelioration and ways of development of saline-alkali land in the western Songnen Plain were put forward.  相似文献   

7.
地学信息图谱综合了地学景观规律性、简洁性和数学模型的抽象性,它是现代空间技术与我国传统研究成果结合的产物,它可反演过去、预测未来。基于地学信息图谱原理与表达方法,采用遥感与地理信息系统技术,通过对松嫩平原西南部水域1979、2001年两期遥感数据,进行水域遥感信息图谱变化研究与图谱分析表达。研究表明,1979年松嫩平原西南部水体总面积为2018.22km2,2001年面积为1488.12km2,减少了530km2,水域变化的动态度为1.01%,主要影响因素是土地沙化、草地退化以及过度的人为开发造成的。通过多种景观指数图谱理论来表达水域的变化特点,反映水域要素的相关性和数量关系。利用遥感与地理信息系统相结合的方法,对松嫩平原西南部遥感水域信息,反演了研究区的水域动态变化。  相似文献   

8.
ＴＨＥＥＶＡＬＵＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＥＣＯ－ＥＮＶＩＲＯＮＭＥＮＴＡＬＳＵＳＣＥＰＴＩＢＩＬＩＴＹＴＯＨＵＭＡＮＡＣＴＩＶＩＴＹＩＮＹＵＬＩＮＲＥＧＩＯＮ陈利顶，傅伯杰ＴＨＥＥＶＡＬＵＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＥＣＯ－ＥＮＶＩＲＯＮＭＥＮＴＡＬＳＵＳＣＥＰＴＩＢＩＬＩ...  相似文献   

9.
The eco-environmental susceptibility is to demonstrate the reaction of a ecosystem under the same influences of the human activity. It comprise many influencing factors which have a complicated relation to the eco-environmental susceptibility. In this paper, the Analysis of Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used to determine the weight of each factor to the eco-environmental susceptibility through analyzing the relationship between human activity and environmental deterioration. And the weighted summation method is used to calculate the eco-environmental susceptibility of different divisions in Yulin region. The result shows that the loess hilly and gully area is more subjective to deteriorating eco-environment than the desert area because of the strong human activity and severe soil erosion. The project is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China  相似文献   

10.
福建省生态环境空间格局图谱分析   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  
本文基于地学信息图谱的理论,采用地学信息系统和遥感技术,编制了福建省生态环境综合评价等级图,并在定义区域生态环境质量指数基础上,编制出基于多种空间要素为背景的生态环境质量指数空间格局图,以构成福建省生态环境空间格局图谱。最后分析了福建省生态环境空间分布格局的形成、变化规律。  相似文献   

11.
An indicator system closely connected with eco-environment, in which indicator involves in such fields as society, economy, resources, environment and ecology, is first proposed for eco-environmental quality assessment. Then, a hierarchical model with four levels is established by virtue of these indicators and attributes. In the model, weights of indicators and attributes are determined by combining Delphi method with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and a statistic method is used to eliminate the influences arising from the differences in dimension and magnitude of indicators. On these grounds, an AHP-statistics model is provided for regional eco-environmental quality assessment. As a case, such AHP-statistics model is utilized in the dynamic analysis of regional eco-environmental assessment in Chaohu Lake basin. Study results show that natural environmental quality in the watershed was in the declining state while social environmental quality was in a markedly improved situation from 1996, and the synthetic eco-environmental quality was gradually and slowly improved under the common influences of both natural and social environmental factors. Example of application testified the capacities of above methodology to evaluate the real and dynamic state of regional eco-environmental quality.  相似文献   

12.
Sui  Fengyang  Zang  Shuying  Fan  Yawen  Lu  Xinxin  Hui  Hongkuan 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2020,38(6):1771-1786
Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - To understand the relationship between planktonic diatoms and environmental variables in the lakes on the Songnen Plain, northeast (NE) China, we investigated...  相似文献   

13.
Comparing with lithofacies palaeogeography of several great plains,the authors analyzed four great plains in Quaternary diastrophism,the sedimentary facies,sedimentary environment and their evolution from the independent embryonic and river system of ancient Heilongjiang finally to the Halar highland,Songnen Plain,Sanjiang Plain,the Xingkai Lake Plain and various river systems,collected the unification outside the system of Heilongjiang River to release into the sea,south ancient Xialiao River finally piracy Dongliao River,Xialiao River had released into the sea the ancient water law vicissitude and the evolved rule.  相似文献   

14.
Comparing with lithofacies palaeogeography of several great plains, the authors analyzed four great plains in Quaternary diastrophism, the sedimentary facies, sedimentary environment and their evolution from the independent embryonic and river system of ancient Heilongjiang finally to the Halar highland, Songnen Plain, Sanjiang Plain, the Xingkai Lake Plain and various river systems, collected the unification outside the system of Heilongjiang River to release into the sea, south ancient Xialiao River finally piracy Dongliao River, Xialiao River had released into the sea the ancient water law vicissitude and the evolved rule.  相似文献   

15.
In the Songnen Plain, there are 330,000 ha of alkaline meadow, many sand sources such as fixed dunes, semi-fixed dunes and sand hills, and rich wind force resources as well. Sand has been stopped naturally and A neurolepidium chinense has grown on alkaline patch of the plain. If we make use of the natural law and set up manmade obstacles in alkaline patches, we can use accumulative sand to cover alkali, improve alkaline meadow, restore A neurolepidium chinense vegetation to develop animal husbandry.  相似文献   

16.
福建省海岸带脆弱生态环境信息图谱研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
海岸带是陆地和海洋的交接地带,随着沿海经济的发展和对外开放,对海岸带的各种开发活动,一方面促进了沿海地区的经济发展,另一方面也使海岸带面临的压力越来越大,如人口增多、资源消耗、环境污染严重等。此外,海岸带的自然灾害频繁,常见的有台风、干旱和地震,海岸带生态环境呈现出典型脆弱性的特征。以地学信息图谱的方法论对海岸带脆弱生态环境进行研究:首先,它依托由对地观测技术、实地调查及社会经济统计而建立起的时空数据库,通过数据挖掘与知识发现,产生征兆图谱;然后,结合评价和时空分析模型及G IS提取诊断图谱;最后,在预测模型的支持下产生实施图谱,从而形成决策方案。实践证明,通过信息图谱能够更直观地反映海岸带脆弱生态环境,包括其现状、驱动因素,以及未来变化趋势,为海岸带的可持续发展规划决策、环境管理,以及防灾减灾对策的制定提供重要的科学依据。  相似文献   

17.
The Taihu Lake region in southern Jiangsu is one of the regions with flourishing economy and the highest level of urbanization due to favourable natural conditions and socio-economic foundation. However, there emerge a seriers of urban ecological problems on continuous stretch of cities and towns, a vague division of urban functions, ground subsidence, serious pollution of atmosphere and waters arising from dense population, irrational distribution of industry, backwardeness of municipal engineering facilities, and inexperienced scientific management of water resources. In order to improve the urban eco-environment in this lake region, we should work out an overall regional eco梕nvironmental programme, perfect the urban economic set-up from the reqirements of urban material circulations and energy exchanges, and finally put into practice the urban functional regionalism, so that the Taihu Lake region in southern Jiangsu has not only a higher economic benefit, but also a beautiful and comfortable eco-env  相似文献   

18.
The lake groups in the Songnen Plain are low plain lake groups, which are located in the temperate semihumid area in China. They are characterized by small area, shallow basin, thick density and various types. In the try for classifying comprehensively the lake groups, a classification system is developed based on three main factors, i.e. forming cause, water quantity and water quality. The most internal character can be concisely grasped through three principal indexes and three auxiliary indexes of three main factors. A sample of complicated changeable path is put forward for further analyzing and outlining these basic types, in the meantime, it’s linking up easily with the classification system of the single factor. According to the regional environment, the regional differences of the type composition and the principal types, the lake groups in the Songnen Plain can be divided into 6 sub-regions. Foundation item: Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(49671077). Biography: LU Jin-fu (1938–), male, professor. His research interest includes paleo-environment in the Quaternary.  相似文献   

19.
南京市区土地覆被及生态环境遥感动态监测   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  
随着城市的发展,城市的生态环境质量状况越来越引起人们的关注。以南京市区为研究区域,在对2000年TM和2004年的CBERS-2星进行影像特征分析的基础上,提取不同年份的土地覆被信息,进而分析土地覆被和生态环境的动态变化。得出如下结论:2000年土地覆被以居民地、水田和旱地为主,2004年则以居民地、旱地和林地为主,且水田大面积减少,居民地面积增加明显;土地覆被发生变化的部分以水田和旱地为主。从土地覆被类型变化率的角度,水田和公交建设用地变化最快,动态度分别为-8.61和5.17。不同类别之间的转化较为复杂,八大类别之间有20对转换关系(其中裸岩没有参与转换)。两年的生态环境质量值(EV)分别为:0.3871和0.3799,它表明南京市区的生态环境质量下降程度很小;生物丰度指数提高了10.43,说明南京市区生物丰富程度有很大改观;两年的植被覆盖指数相差较大,说明植被覆盖减少显著。  相似文献   

20.
退耕还林对牡丹江区域生态环境脆弱性的影响研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
从脆弱生态系统的特征入手,选取景观分离度、分维数倒数、破碎度3个反映景观稳定性及抗干扰能力的景观格局指数,并结合土壤侵蚀强度构成区域生态环境脆弱性的敏感因子,针对研究区地形,以景观生态适宜度作为生态系统自我恢复能力的表征,构建了牡丹江区域生态环境脆弱度评价模型。评价结果表明:（1）退耕还林前后景观类型脆弱度均表现为旱田>建设用地>水田>林地>未利用土地>水域>沼泽>草地;（2）研究区生态脆弱度表现为以脆弱度高值区为中心呈环状向四周递减的趋势,脆弱度高值区面积比重由退耕前的21.57%减小到退耕后的17.11%,脆弱度低值区面积比重由退耕前的63.14%增加到退耕后的67.66%;（3）生态脆弱度高值区域主要分布在200~400m的海拔高度,0~8°的坡度范围内,且退耕后面积比例呈下降趋势,而低值区域则分布在>300m海拔高度的各个坡度范围内,且退耕后面积比例呈上升态势。研究结果符合研究区实际状况。概言之,退耕还林缓和了研究区生态脆弱度状况,促进了生态环境质量向良好方向发展。  相似文献   

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