共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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天水市秦安县王家墩滑坡为宝兰客专沿线巨型古滑坡群,宝兰客运专线秦安隧道穿其而过。以王家墩滑坡为研究对象,围绕工程中静、动力抗滑稳定性问题,通过室内试验、现场调查对影响王家墩古滑坡稳定性的地质构造、场地工程条件等内在因素进行分析评价,在此基础上通过有限元动力分析,对王家墩古滑坡在地震载荷下的动力响应进行分析,明确地震荷载作用下,王家墩古滑坡失稳影响因素、地震荷载与滑坡失稳破坏间的关系。采用动力有限元法和强度折减法相结合的方法,开展动力抗滑稳定性分析方法研究;采用位移突变的方法来确定边坡动力失稳及动力安全系数,分析结果表明：地震作用时的水平推力对王家墩古滑坡的稳定性有很大影响,表现为上部坡体的整体滑移和隧道入口段黄土堆积层局部失稳滑塌;在天然状态下坡体处于稳定状态,在遭遇未来该区域中强地震作用时,该斜坡会发生失稳,黄土斜坡的整体滑动最容易出现在第三阶坡体,沿着塑性应变最大的滑移面整体滑移;给出了坡体动力稳定性安全系数Fs=0.92。 相似文献
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甘肃舟曲泄流坡滑坡地处活跃断层破裂带内,断层活动控制着该滑坡的发育和运动。为了研究该滑坡滑带土的动力特性,采用重塑滑带土样,在固结不排水条件下,利用分级循环加载法开展动三轴试验,重点探讨含水率的变化对滑带土动力特性的影响规律。试验结果表明:含水率一定时,泄流坡滑坡滑带土的动弹性模量随动应变的增大呈指数形式减小;动应变一定时,动弹性模量随含水率的增大而不断减小,且衰减速率随含水率的增大而增大;含水率并不影响动弹性模量-动应变关系曲线的形态,不同含水率下该关系曲线可以进行归一化。滑带土阻尼比随含水率的增大而增大,阻尼比-动应变关系曲线也具有归一化特征。不同含水率下泄流坡滑带土动应力-应变本构关系可以用双曲线模型进行描述。 相似文献
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在库水位升降及降雨作用下,三峡库区不少土质滑坡出现周期性阶跃变形,此类滑坡变形机理复杂,预警预报难。以典型涉水土质滑坡卧沙溪滑坡为例,通过10多年野外宏观巡查资料、13年的人工监测和4年的全自动监测数据,揭示卧沙溪滑坡次级滑体的变形机理,建立降雨及库水位相关阈值。结果表明：(1)次级滑体变形的主控因素由库水位下降和库水浸泡转变为持续性降雨。(2)持续性降雨导致坡体变形,监测点位移速率“峰值滞后”效应为1～2 d,位移速率衰减时间为5～9 d。(3)降雨及库水位阈值：30 d累积降雨量阈值150 mm,且变形前1 d降雨量40 mm;变形启动3 d内,累积降雨量超过50 mm会加速坡体变形,且变形时间延长。库水位下降至146 m前30 d累积降雨量115 mm,库水位下降速率阈值为0.8 m/d。研究成果可为类似滑坡的监测预警提供参考。 相似文献
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为了研究穿越纵向非均匀场地的沉管隧道地震反应规律,进行了沉管隧道穿越砂土-黏土场地和均匀砂土场地两种工况的振动台试验。沉管隧道模型材料主要为微粒混凝土和镀锌钢丝,接头材料为橡胶,模型缩尺比为1/30,采用层叠剪切箱装填黏土和砂土构成纵向非均匀场地,输入荷载为不同峰值的El Centro波和Kobe波。采集土层和隧道不同观测点处的加速度和应变等数据并进行分析,研究在不同性质土层中的沉管隧道地震反应的特点,分析纵向非均匀场地对于沉管隧道地震反应的影响。试验结果表明砂土和黏土不同的动力特性会导致沉管隧道地震反应各异:穿越非均匀场地沉管隧道加速度反应、应变反应和管节间相对位移反应明显异于均匀场地沉管隧道,且在输入不同峰值的地震波下呈现不同规律。试验结果可供沉管隧道抗震设计参考。 相似文献
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滑坡型泥石流由滑坡失稳解体为其提供物源,运动过程中在高重力势能作用下其所造成的冲击和破坏能力较普通泥石流更强,给人们生命财产安全带来极大威胁.传统研究方法多从土体物理力学入手,以局部试验为主,难以从时空角度对其发育机制进行大尺度研究.因此,本文结合坡向数据,利用二维形变分解获取沙湾大沟糯勒滑坡体形变趋势,以探究滑坡型泥石流在复杂形变机制下的发育模式.首先,通过小基线集干涉测量技术(SBAS-InSAR)获取研究区坡表2019—2021年的Sentinel-1A雷达视线(LOS)向形变速率;其次,引入坡向数据,并联合升降轨解算出滑坡体垂直向和沿坡向的形变值,从而获取滑坡体二维形变趋势.结果表明,坡体长期处于滑移状态,最大形变速率高达-347 mm/a.坡体后缘受雨水下渗作用,自重增加,孔隙水压力增大,抗剪强度降低,位移表现为沿坡向和垂直向的共同作用;坡体前缘受两侧泥石流沟切割和后缘坡体挤压作用,表现出强卸荷,位移以沿坡向为主.研究表明了降雨对滑坡形变的影响,坡体随降雨发生季节性运动,揭示了滑坡型泥石流在水动力驱使下的发育过程．本研究从二维形变的角度进行分析,直观反映出了滑坡型泥石流的演化... 相似文献
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降雨是诱发滑坡最主要的因素之一,认识雨水的渗流过程和地下水位的动态演化对滑坡的监测预警具有重要意义.基于动电机制,孔隙介质中的流体流动可产生自然电位,通过自然电位的观测可反演地下水动力过程,为滑坡稳定性分析及监测预警提供有效信息.本文基于室内小型滑坡控制实验平台,通过施加人工降雨模拟边坡雨水入渗过程,同步测量了在坡体内的自然电位、孔隙水压力和坡面变形数据.实验结果显示:(1)自然电位变化与孔隙水压力变化具有显著的相关性,自然电位的时移剖面可反映水在坡体内部的流动模式的演化;(2)表面变形发生在坡体下部饱和之后,即坡面变形滞后于自然电位与孔隙水压力变化.以上观测结果表明,自然电位在滑坡监测中具有潜在的应用价值. 相似文献
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为研究震后降雨作用下堆积体滑坡的灾变机理、裂缝发展规律、滑坡启动时间等问题,以甘肃省舟曲县江顶崖滑坡为对象,采用振动台及人工降雨模型试验,开展4组相同地震烈度不同降雨强度的震后降雨试验。研究结果表明：(1)地震作用使坡体发生剪切破坏,震后降雨工况坡体呈现土体流失的浸蚀破坏,在坡脚处产生明显的剪出口,震后降雨作用诱发堆积体滑坡发生局部失稳。(2)地震作用使坡体中部产生剪切裂缝与错台,后缘处产生“圆弧状”张拉裂缝,在后期降雨中,裂缝变形随降雨强度增大而加剧,并在降雨中期发生突变变形。(3)地震烈度相同的情况下,滑坡启动时间与降雨强度呈指数函数关系,土体沉降变形与降雨强度呈对数函数关系。研究成果可为堆积体滑坡在震后降雨作用下的预警及防治提供参考。 相似文献
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Rainfall-induced landslides have occurred frequently in Southwestern China since the Wenchuan earthquake,resulting in massive loss of people''s life and property. Fortunately,landslide early-warning is one of the most important tools for landslide hazard prevention and mitigation. However, the accumulation of historical data of the landslides induced by rainfall is limited in many remote mountain areas and the stability of the slope is easily affected by human engineering activities and environmental changes, leading to difficulties to accurately realize early warning of landslide hazards by statistical methods. The proposed warning method is divided into rainfall warning component and deformation warning component because the deformation induced by rainfall has the characteristic of hysteretic nature. Rainfall, tilted angle and crack width are chosen as monitoring indexes. Rainfall grade level that contains rainfall intensity and duration information is graded according to the variation of the safety factor calculated by 3-D finite difference numerical simulation method, and then is applied using the strength reduction method and unascertained information theory to obtain the deformation grade level of several monitored points. Finally, based on the system reliability theory, we establish a comprehensive landslide warning level method that provides four early warning levels to reflect the safety factor reductions during and post rainfall events. The application of this method at a landslide site yield generally satisfactory results and provide a new method for performing multi-index and multi-level landslide early warnings. 相似文献
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Statistical analyses of the effect of a drainage tunnel on landslide hydrogeological characteristics
A high groundwater level is highly relevant to the slope instability. Drainage tunnel is an effective method for groundwater level control, but its effect on landslide hydrogeological characteristics is rarely discussed. This study analysed the changes of the landslide hydrogeological characteristics under the effect of a drainage tunnel by real-time monitoring of rainfall, groundwater level, and surface displacement. The trend and mutation of groundwater level are analysed by the Mann–Kendall test and the Mann–Kendall mutation test. The memory effect of groundwater in the landslide area was analysed using autocorrelation analysis. The response characteristics of groundwater level to rainfall were evaluated using cross-correlation analysis and mutual information theory. Variations of groundwater levels were further investigated based on hydrograph analysis. Results showed that the groundwater level had a downward trend from 2016 to 2017. The significant downward trend of groundwater levels began in August 2016. The memory effect of groundwater levels was longer under the effect of the drainage tunnel. Before the construction of the drainage tunnel, the response time of groundwater to rainfall was less than 3 hr and rainfall can generate dramatic groundwater level variations. After the drainage tunnel was completed, time lags can be observed in the groundwater response, and the variation of groundwater levels was smaller than before. A strong correlation was found between groundwater levels and the landslide movement. This study demonstrated that the drainage tunnel had effectively controlled the groundwater level in the landslide and ensured the stability of the landslide. 相似文献
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黄河上某水电站坝后存在一大型顺层岩质滑坡.钻探、平硐、槽探和现场勘查勘察资料表明该滑坡具有平面分区和剖面分层的显著特征.运用地质环境系统全过程动态演化的观点,采用力学理论、物理模型、数值模拟等方法,分析了滑坡的形成机理和演化机制:该滑坡是在河流冲刷和地震活动等内外综合作用下因层状岩质斜坡岩体层间错动和溃屈基而形成,其演化具有明显时间和空间差异性的多次滑动.在此基础上采用多种极限平衡计算方法综合评价滑坡各区、各级在天然状态下的稳定状态,并结合滑坡所处的地质环境及其演化特征预测滑坡在雾雨、地震以及二者耦合作用下的演化趋势. 相似文献
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白鹤坪边坡稳定性分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
边坡监测可为掌握边坡变形特征和规律提供依据,指导在边坡发生严重变形时的应急处理。白鹤坪边坡是三峡库区的典型边坡,依据边坡的变形特征定性地认为该边坡为潜在的推移式滑坡。1998年调查发现白鹤边坡存在一定的滑移,为了对其实施监测预报、预警,减轻因其滑动而引起的地质灾害,在该边坡上建立了由10个GPS观测点组成的边坡位移观测系统,以监测边坡的变形。本文以2014年5月至2016年4月近两年的白鹤坪边坡变形观测系统所获得的位移数据为基础,对边坡的位移变形进行了统计,并结合数值模拟分析了边坡的水平向相对位移。分析表明,在边坡由缓变陡处变形显著增加,边坡现处于基本稳定状态,其变形主要受降雨影响,每年汛期时（5-10月）边坡变形量偏高。其次为库水作用影响,江水对坡脚冲蚀,使边坡前缘局部产生了小规模崩滑现象。 相似文献
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《地震研究进展（英文）》2021,1(3):100059
At present, substantial scientific research achievements have been made in the research on landslide occurrence, movement mechanism, mitigation measures, and structural stability during tunnel excavation. However, the interaction mechanism of a tunnel under-traversing a slope body with potential landslides is still not well understood. Based on the field data provided by previous investigations in the study area, six sets of 1:100 laboratory experiment model tests were conducted to study the stability of the landslide-prone zone of the slope body with an under-traversing tunnel. The selected distances between the tunnel and the sliding surface are 1.5, 3, and 5 times of the tunnel diameter, respectively. The experiment results show the interaction between the landslide-prone zone and the tunnel, elucidating the effect of potential landslides during the tunnel excavation process and the reaction of the landslide slip on the tunnel structure. Several conclusions are obtained: ① During the process of tunnel excavation, the vertical displacement of the tunnel vault decreases with the increase of the buried depth. ② The vertical displacement of the sliding surface increases with the increase of the buried depth of the tunnel. The horizontal displacement of sliding surface decreases with the increase of the buried depth. ③ After the occurrence of a rainfall-induced landslide, the vertical displacement of the tunnel vault in the 1.5-diameter-distance case is 57.29% greater than that in the 3.0-dismeter-distance case.④ For a two-cave tunnel, it is suggested that the cave farther from the landslide toe should be firstly excavated since it may generate less structural deformation. 相似文献
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Rainfall thresholds for shallow landslide initiation were determined for hillslopes with two types of bedrock, permeable sandstone and impermeable mudstone, in the Boso Peninsula, Japan. The pressure‐head response to rainfall was monitored above a slip scarp due to earlier landslides. Multiple regression analysis estimated the rainfall thresholds for landsliding from the relation between the magnitude of the rainfall event and slope instability caused by the increased pressure heads. The thresholds were expressed as critical combinations of rainfall intensity and duration, incorporating the geotechnical properties of the hillslope materials and also the slope hydrological processes. The permeable sandstone hillslope has a greater critical rainfall and hence a longer recurrence interval than the impermeable mudstone hillslope. This implies a lower potential for landsliding in sandstone hillslopes, corresponding to lower landslide activity. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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针对黄土地区山岭隧道面临的强震灾害现实特点,以强震作用下洞口周边土体与隧道结构的地震动放大效应为主要研究目标,通过建立三维数值模型,重点研究不同坡度、坡高与入洞高程模型的坡面高程方向、水平方向以及衬砌结构的加速度与位移响应规律,提出坡面加固区范围和隧道抗震设防长度建议值。研究结果表明:仰坡高度、坡角及进洞高程的变化,均会对隧道洞口段地震响应规律和破坏模式产生重要影响,缓坡易发生坡底处的剪切破坏,而陡坡易发生坡顶的拉裂破坏;随着边坡高度的增大,边坡的滑动破坏范围逐渐增大;隧道的存在对坡面地震动高程放大效应有明显"抑制"作用,在洞口水平向存在动力响应放大区,范围为2.1～2.8倍洞径;通过分析隧道衬砌沿进深方向的动力响应规律,建议黄土隧道洞口段抗震设防长度最小值为3倍洞径。 相似文献
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《国际泥沙研究》2015,(3)
Landslide dams commonly form when mass earth or rock movements reach a river channel and cause a complete or partial blockage of the channel.Intense rainfalls can induce upstream flows along a sloping channel that significantly affect downstream landslide dams.If a series of landslide dams are collapsed by incoming mountain torrents(induced by intense rainfall),large debris flows can form in a very short period.Furthermore,the failure of these dams can amplify the magnitude and scale of debris flows in the flow direction.The catastrophic debris flows that occurred in Zhouqu County,China on 8 August 2010 were caused by intense rainfall and the upstream cascading failure of landslide dams along the gullies.Incorporating the role of outburst floods associated with the complete or partial failure of landslide dams is an interesting problem usually beyond the scope of analysis because of the inherent modeling complexity.To understand the cascading failure modes of a series of landslide dams,and the dynamic effect these failures have on the enlargement of debris flow scales,experimental tests are conducted in sloping channels mimicking field conditions,with the modeled landslide dams distributed along a sloping channel and crushed by different upstream flows.The failure modes of three different cascades of landslide dams fully or partially blocking a channel river are parametrically studied.This study illustrates that upstream flows can induce a cascading failure of the landslide dams along a channel.Overtopping is the primary failure mechanism,while piping and erosion can also induce failures for different constructed landslide dams.A cascading failure of landslide dams causes a gradually increasing flow velocity and discharge of the front flow,resulting in an increase in both diameter and percentage of the entrained coarse particles.Furthermore,large landslide blockages can act to enhance the efficiency of river incision,or conversely to induce aggradation of fluvial sediments,depending on the blockage factor of the landslide dams and upstream discharge. 相似文献