共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
We present a geostatistical approach that accounts for spatial autocorrelation in malaria mosquito aquatic habitats in two East African urban environments. QuickBird 0.61 m data, encompassing visible bands and the near infra‐red (NIR) bands, were selected to synthesize images of Anopheles gambiae s.l. aquatic habitats in Kisumu and Malindi, Kenya. Field sampled data of An. gambiae s.l. aquatic habitats were used to determine which ecological covariates were associated with An. gambiae s.l. larval habitat development. A SAS/GIS® spatial database was used to calculate univariate statistics, correlations and perform Poisson regression analyses on the An. gambiae s.l. aquatic habitat datasets. Semivariograms and global autocorrelation statistics were generated in ArcGIS®. The spatially dependent models indicate the distribution of An. gambiae s.l. aquatic habitats exhibits weak positive autocorrelation in both study sites, with aquatic habitats of similar log‐larval counts tending to cluster in space. Individual anopheline habitats were further evaluated in terms of their covariations with spatial autocorrelation by regressing them on candidate spatial filter eigenvectors. This involved the decomposition of Moran's I statistic into orthogonal and uncorrelated map pattern components using a negative binomial regression. The procedure generated synthetic map patterns of latent spatial correlation representing the geographic configuration of An. gambiae s.l. aquatic habitat locations in each study site. The Gaussian approximation spatial filter models accounted for approximately 13% to 32% redundant locational information in the ecological datasets. Spatial statistics generated in a SAS/GIS® module can capture spatial dependency effects on the mean response term of a Poisson regression analysis of field and remotely sampled An. gambiae s.l. aquatic habitat data. 相似文献
2.
Remote sensing can augment traditional methods of mosquito species surveillance for arboviruses. Abundance and patterns of mosquito vectors of West Nile virus in Chesapeake, Virginia, USA, were studied using light trap collection data and a Landsat-7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper+ digital image for spatial interpolation and geostatistical mapping of the abundance of 24 species of mosquitoes capable of transmitting West Nile virus to humans. We evaluated spatial interpolation techniques including inverse distance weighting, ordinary kriging, co-kriging geostatistics using combined Landsat-7 tasselled cap transform indices (brightness, greenness, and wetness) to characterize habitats and breeding conditions. Results highlight gaps in surveillance coverage, geostatistical improvement of vector patterns and abundance, and spatial patterns of error. Constraints and opportunities for adoption of remote sensing and spatial analysis for mosquito control are identified and discussed. 相似文献
3.
In this paper, we present a two-stage method for mapping habitats using Earth observation (EO) data in three Alpine sites in South Tyrol, Italy. The first stage of the method was the classification of land cover types using multi-temporal RapidEye images and support vector machines (SVMs). The second stage involved reclassification of the land cover types to habitat types following a rule-based spatial kernel. The highest accuracies in land cover classification were 95.1% overall accuracy, 0.94 kappa coefficient and 4.9% overall disagreement. These accuracies were obtained when the combination of images with topographic parameters and homogeneity texture was used. The habitat classification accuracies were rather moderate due to the broadly defined rules and possible inaccuracies in the reference map. Overall, our proposed methodology could be implemented to map cost-effectively alpine habitats over large areas and could be easily adapted to map other types of habitats. 相似文献
4.
Increasingly, remote sensing has become a useful tool for mapping and measuring terrestrial and aquatic environments. Advances in the spatial and spectral resolution of satellite-borne sensors have allowed affordable investigations of littoral macrotidal coastal systems that previously required more costly aircraft-based imagery. In this communication, we compare the results from analysis of a 4 m spatial resolution, multispectral IKONOS satellite image of the intertidal habitats of Islesboro, Maine, USA with that of an aerial compact airborne spectral imager survey of the same regions captured 4 years earlier. There was 72% agreement between the surveys in spite of the temporal gaps between the images. Accuracy varied by habitat class and the perceived error can be assigned to temporal and definitional issues rather than basic acquisition and analytic protocols. Most of the error can be explained by: (1) inadequacy of training sites, (2) temporal variations and (3) class definitions. We conclude that IKONOS imagery provides sufficient spatial and spectral resolution to map and monitor diverse intertidal habitats as found in the macrotidal Gulf of Maine. 相似文献
5.
多源遥感数据综合应用是遥感发展的必然趋势,统一的遥感数据空间尺度分级模型是多源数据集成与综合应用的基础。虽然已有多种空间尺度分级模型,但很多主流模型并非出于分尺度综合应用目的,缺乏客观的比较和评价。国家基本比例尺系统作为经过论证、中国应用面最广泛、接受度最高的一种尺度分级系统,是以应用为导向的遥感数据空间尺度分级模型的最优参照系。从不同视觉精度下国家基本比例尺对图像空间分辨率的需求出发,比较各空间尺度分级模型的层级分辨率与需求分辨率的匹配情况,包括OGC Well Known Scale Set的Global CRS84Pixel和Google Maps Compatible,以及NASA World Wind、Google Map、百度地图、天地图等软件平台采用的层级格网系统,以及"五层十五级"遥感数据组织模型,通过对数据信息冗余度的分析,对各个模型进行了评价。结果表明,在高视觉精度应用需求下,"五层十五级"模型与基本比例尺精度要求具有较明显的匹配优势,其次为OGC Google Maps Compatible模型和天地图模型,其余模型平均数据冗余倍数在2倍左右;在低视觉精度应用需求下,"五层十五级"模型平均数据冗余度仍为最低,其次为Google Map模型,其余模型平均数据冗余倍数都在2倍以上。 相似文献
6.
Richard Lucas Katie MedcalfAlan Brown Peter BuntingJohanna Breyer Dan Clewley Steve KeyworthPhilippa Blackmore 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2011,66(1):81-102
The Phase 1 Survey is the most comprehensive and widely used national level map of semi-natural habitats in Wales. However, the survey was based largely on field survey and was conducted over several decades, before being completed in 1997. Given that resources for a repeat survey were limited, this study has used an object-orientated rule-based classification implemented within eCognition of multi-temporal satellite sensor data acquired between 2003 and 2006 to map semi-natural habitats and agricultural land across Wales, thereby allowing a progressive update of the Phase 1 Survey. The classification of objects to Phase 1 habitat classes was undertaken in two steps; firstly the landscape of Wales was divided into objects using orthorectified SPOT-5 High Resolution Geometric (HRG) reflectance data (10 m spatial resolution) and Land Parcel Information System (LPIS) boundaries. A rule-base was then developed to progressively discriminate and map the distribution of 105 sub-habitats across Wales based on time-series of SPOT HRG, Terra-1 Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) and Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS) LISS-3 data, derived datasets (e.g., vegetation indices, fractional images) and ancillary information (e.g., topography). The rules coupled knowledge of ecology and the information content of these remote sensing data using a combination of thresholds, Boolean operations and fuzzy membership functions. A second rule-base was then developed to translate the more detailed sub-habitat classification to Phase 1 habitat classes. Indicative accuracies of the revised Phase 1 mapping, based on comparisons with the later Phase 2 survey (for selected habitats), were >80% overall and typically between 70% and 90% for many classes. Through this exercise, Wales has become the first country in Europe to produce a national map of habitats (as opposed to land cover) through object-orientated classification of satellite sensor data. Furthermore, the approach can be adapted to allow continual monitoring of the extent and condition of habitats and agricultural land. 相似文献
7.
Land cover map 2000 (LCM2000) is a comprehensive survey of UK broad habitats giving vector digital maps from segment-based classification of remotely sensed satellite data. This paper examines the influence of users in designing LCM2000 and the difficulties in applying a user-defined classification. It assesses problems and successes through comparisons with a sample-based field survey. These suggest that LCM2000 accuracy at broad habitat level may be around 80–85%; however, it was not possible fully to discriminate errors in LCM2000 from those of the field survey or from mismatches in scales, resolutions and survey dates. Calibration generated broad habitat cover statistics from LCM2000 data to field survey equivalence. These take full account of the heterogeneity of a study area, helping to generate accurate statistics, including those at local level where the field survey cannot operate effectively. The paper concludes that the comprehensive and extensive coverage from remote sensing comes closer than alternative methods to meeting users needs. However, it recognises that producers of remotely sensed information need to understand better the needs of users, and users need to appreciate what the technology can and cannot deliver. This paper adds some benefits of hindsight to the process of communication. 相似文献
8.
Isaiah Gwitira Amon Murwira Mhosisi Masocha Fadzai M. Zengeya Munyaradzi Davis Shekede Joconiah Chirenda 《国际地球制图》2013,28(11):1163-1176
AbstractMalaria burden has considerably declined in the last 15 years mainly due to large-scale vector control. The continued decline can be sustained through malaria risk stratification. Malaria stratification is the classification of geographical areas according to malaria risk. In this study, ecological niche modelling using the maximum entropy algorithm was applied to predict malaria vector habitat suitability in terms of bioclimatic and topographic variables. The output vector suitability map was integrated with malaria prevalence data in a GIS to stratify Zimbabwe into different malaria risk zones. Five improved and validated malaria risk zones were successfully delimited for Zimbabwe based on the World Health Organization classification scheme. These results suggest that the probability of occurrence of major vectors of malaria is a key determinant of malaria prevalence. The delimited malaria risk zones could be used by National Malaria Control programmes to plan and implement targeted malaria interventions based on vector control. 相似文献
9.
Mapping of habitats with relevance for nature conservation involves the identification of patches of target habitats in a complex mosaic of vegetation types not relevant for conservation planning. Limiting the necessary ground reference to a small sample of target habitats would greatly reduce and therefore support the field mapping effort. We thus aim to answer in this study the question: can semi-automated remote sensing methods help to map such patches without the need of ground references from sites not relevant for nature conservation? Approaches able to fulfill this task may help to improve the efficiency of large scale mapping and monitoring programs such as requested for the European Habitat Directive.In the present study, we used the maximum-entropy based classification approach Maxent to map four habitat types across a patchy landscape of 1000 km2 near Munich, Germany. This task was conducted using the low number of 125 ground reference points only along with easily available multi-seasonal RapidEye satellite imagery. Encountered problems include the non-stationarity of habitat reflectance due to different phenological development across space, continuous transitions between the habitats and the need for improved methods for detailed validation.The result of the tested approach is a habitat map with an overall accuracy of 70%. The rather simple and affordable approach can thus be recommended for a first survey of previously unmapped areas, as a tool for identifying potential gaps in existing habitat inventories and as a first check for changes in the distribution of habitats. 相似文献
10.
This paper systematically investigates spatially autocorrelated patterns and the behaviour of their associated test statistic
Moran's I in three bounded regular tessellations. These regular tessellations consist of triangles, squares, and hexagons, each of
increasing size (n=64; 256; 1024). These tesselations can be downloaded at http://geo-www.sbs.ohio-state.edu/faculty/tiefelsdorf/regspastruc/
in several GIS formats. The selection of squares is particularly motivated by their use in raster based GIS and remote sensing.
In contrast, because of topological correspondences, the hexagons serve as excellent proxy tessellations for empirical maps
in vector based GIS. For all three tessellations, the distributional characteristics and the feasibility of the normal approximation
are examined for global Moran's I, Moran's I
(k) associated with higher order spatial lags, and local Moran's I
i. A set of eigenvectors can be generated for each tessellation and their spatial patterns can be mapped. These eigenvectors
can be used as proxy variables to overcome spatial autocorrelation in regression models. The particularities and similarities
in the spatial patterns of these eigenvectors are discussed. The results indicate that [i] the normal approximation for Moran's
I is not always feasible; [ii] the three tessellations induce different distributional characteristics of Moran's I, and [iii] different spatial patterns of eigenvectors are associated with the three tessellations.
Received: 2 July 1999 / Accepted: 9 November 1999 相似文献
11.
斯里兰卡亚洲象栖息地是全球重要的亚洲象保护区,象群分布密度约为其他地区的10倍,但由于生境破碎与丧失以及人象冲突等原因导致亚洲象数量急剧下降。对斯里兰卡亚洲象栖息地的生境质量监测与评估能够为亚洲象及其栖息地的保护政策制定与规划提供理论依据,并在全球物种多样性保护中具有重要意义。为评估斯里兰卡亚洲象栖息地的生境质量,综合考虑亚洲象栖息地需求以及影响亚洲象栖息地的关键要素,应用InVEST-HQ模型来估算生境质量指数,同时分析亚洲象栖息地生境质量在海拔梯度及植被覆盖梯度上的分布状况;随后引入空间自相关分析方法在像元尺度上探讨亚洲象栖息地生境质量的空间分布模式与时间演化过程,进而分析栖息地内不同保护区和气候分区的生境质量所存在的空间分异特征。研究结果表明：在空间分布上,斯里兰卡亚洲象栖息地生境质量具有高度聚集性,空间异常值不显著。生境质量高值区主要集中在中低海拔、植被覆盖情况较好、保护区范围密集的区域;生境质量低值区集中于耕地面积大、海拔偏高的区域。在梯度分布上,斯里兰卡亚洲象栖息地生境质量对海拔和植被覆盖度均具有显著线性相关关系,且在较低海拔和较高植被覆盖度梯度上存在聚集现象。在区域尺度上,斯里兰卡亚洲象栖息地生境质量存在显著的地域差异性。栖息地内自然保护区的生境质量明显高于非自然保护区,其中严格自然保护区的生境质量相对较高;热带雨林气候带的生境质量高值聚类大于其余气候分区,而热带疏林草原气候带与热带季风气候带生境质量受到季节性降水的影响较大,高值像元占比偏少。在时间尺度上,斯里兰卡亚洲象栖息地的生境质量总体呈现先降低后趋于平缓的态势。1995年—2010年,生境质量高值聚类占比明显减少,低值聚类占比缓慢上升;2010年—2020年生境质量低值占比有小幅度下降,高值聚类逐渐增加,生境质量逐渐稳定并呈缓慢上升的趋势。 相似文献
12.
W. Andrew Marcus 《Journal of Geographical Systems》2002,4(1):113-126
Maximum likelihood supervised classifications with 1-m 128 band hyperspectral data accurately map in-stream habitats in the
Lamar River, Wyoming with producer's accuracies of 91% for pools, 87% for glides, 76% for riffles, and 85% for eddy drop zones.
Coarser resolution 5-m hyperspectral data and 1-m simulated multiband imagery yield lower accuracies that are unacceptable
for inventory and analysis. Both high spatial resolution and hyperspectral coverage are therefore necessary to map microhabitats
in the study area. In many instances, the high spatial resolution hyperspectral (HSRH) imagery appears to map the stream habitats
with greater accuracy than our ground-based surveys, thus challenging classical approaches used for accuracy assessment in
remote sensing.
Received: 9 April 2001 / Accepted: 8 October 2001 相似文献
13.
基于数据融合与地图合并技术的行政区划图更新与数字重建 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
行政区划图是地学研究中最为常用的空间数据.针对吉林省近年来行政区划多有变更的实际情况.吸纳地图合并技术和多源数据融合思想,利用ETM遥感数据.地形图、行政区划图等地图数据.矢量行政区划图数据,国家行政区划代码等国家标准,以及地方志等文本数据等多类型数据为数据源.更新吉林省2004年县级行政区划图矢量数据,数字重建乡镇行政区划图,所得数据精度较高.本研究旨在为相关研究提供行政区划空间数据.拓展地图合并技术和多源数据融合思想的应用领域. 相似文献
14.
Eigenvector selection with stepwise regression techniques to construct eigenvector spatial filters 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Yongwan Chun Daniel A. Griffith Monghyeon Lee Parmanand Sinha 《Journal of Geographical Systems》2016,18(1):67-85
Because eigenvector spatial filtering (ESF) provides a relatively simple and successful method to account for spatial autocorrelation in regression, increasingly it has been adopted in various fields. Although ESF can be easily implemented with a stepwise procedure, such as traditional stepwise regression, its computational efficiency can be further improved. Two major computational components in ESF are extracting eigenvectors and identifying a subset of these eigenvectors. This paper focuses on how a subset of eigenvectors can be efficiently and effectively identified. A simulation experiment summarized in this paper shows that, with a well-prepared candidate eigenvector set, ESF can effectively account for spatial autocorrelation and achieve computational efficiency. This paper further proposes a nonlinear equation for constructing an ideal candidate eigenvector set based on the results of the simulation experiment. 相似文献
15.
遥感影像数据与地理信息系统（geographic information system,GIS）矢量数据的配准是遥感与GIS集成的基础。目前遥感影像与矢量数据的配准关键在于遥感影像特征的提取,而现有遥感影像特征提取方法存在特征提取不完整、配准失败和精度不高等问题。由此提出了一种基于Mask R-CNN（region-based convolutional neural network）的遥感影像与矢量数据配准方法,首先,利用Mask R-CNN模型提取影像的道路交叉口作为影像控制点; 然后,依据几何拓扑关系筛选矢量数据道路交叉口作为矢量控制点,再根据遥感影像与矢量数据控制点的欧氏距离确定同名控制点;最后,以同名控制点为基础实现遥感影像与矢量数据的配准。选取上海市矢量数据和高分二号影像数据进行配准实验,实验结果表明, 所提方法鲁棒性强、精度高。 相似文献
16.
为了研究不同数据源提取数字河网的方法,本文从地形图、DEM和遥感影像三种不同来源的数据源,选取天水市麦积区颖川河为研究对象,通过采用对地形图的数字矢量化、Hc-DEM水文分析和遥感影像解译等不同方法分别提取数字化河网,并对提取结果进行空间分析。 相似文献
17.
Daniel A. Griffith 《Journal of Geographical Systems》2000,2(2):141-156
The Moran Coefficient spatial autocorrelation index can be decomposed into orthogonal map pattern components. This decomposition
relates it directly to standard linear regression, in which corresponding eigenvectors can be used as predictors. This paper
reports comparative results between these linear regressions and their auto-Gaussian counterparts for the following georeferenced
data sets: Columbus (Ohio) crime, Ottawa-Hull median family income, Toronto population density, southwest Ohio unemployment,
Syracuse pediatric lead poisoning, and Glasgow standard mortality rates, and a small remotely sensed image of the High Peak
district. This methodology is extended to auto-logistic and auto-Poisson situations, with selected data analyses including
percentage of urban population across Puerto Rico, and the frequency of SIDs cases across North Carolina. These data analytic
results suggest that this approach to georeferenced data analysis offers considerable promise.
Received: 18 February 1999/Accepted: 17 September 1999 相似文献
18.
疟疾是一种具有复杂地理空间分布特征的地方性疾病,研究疟疾的空间格局,掌握疟疾发病的时空演化规律,为疟疾的防治提供科学决策具有十分重要的科学意义。本文以湖南省105个市、县级行政区1983～1992年疟疾发病的历史资料为例,运用空间自相关分析方法对湖南省疟疾发病的空间格局和时空演化规律进行分析、探测和识别。研究结果表明：湖南省各市县疟疾发病地域差异明显,整体呈现＂南高北低＂的空间格局,且主要集中在湘南和湘中经济相对落后的地区。在这期间,湖南省的疟疾发病经历了一个从＂南低北高＂到＂南高北低＂的时空演化过程。 相似文献
19.
遥感影像解译样本数据一体化整理方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
遥感影像解译样本数据在采集过程中,需要对地面照片、影像实例、样本数据库进行结构化整理,形成数据格式统一、存储结构规范、逻辑关系严密的成果。基于构建的方法模型,提出了一种一体化整理方法,利用Bresenham图形绘制算法,以及栅格、矢量、数据库数据编程接口,解决了各环节自动化处理问题,实现了影像实例采集、地面照片视野范围图形栅格化、数据库信息采集与录入、成果组织与结构化输出等自动控制,从而实现了一体化自动整理。试验表明：提出的方法和研发的软件能显著提高整理效率和质量,可为遥感影像解译样本数据整理提供可靠的技术方法。 相似文献
20.
This paper describes an effort to map the habitat for the Eastern Tehama Deer Herd located in Northern California. The range of this herd encompasses almost 600,000 hectares (1.5 million acres). Knowledge of the spatial distribution of suitable habitat is prerequisite to managing the deer herd. Remote sensing and GIS are appropriate tools for such an assessment. Remotely sensed data were used to map vegetation/land cover. These data along with elevation, aspect, slope, juxtaposition, and various buffer zones were input into a GIS and a model was used to produce a map of habitat suitability. The accuracy of the vegetation/land cover map was assessed and methods for validating the habitat suitability map are presented. 相似文献