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1.
滇东黔西晚二叠世含煤沉积中火山灰蚀变形成的伊利石粘土岩夹矸 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本文对广泛分布于滇东-黔西晚二叠世含煤沉积中粘土岩夹矸的岩石学、矿物学、化学组成和微量元素进行了研究。发现粘土岩夹矸的变种伊利石粘土岩夹矸(Illite-tonstein)在沉积盆地空间上成片分布,且与晚期成岩作用有明显的成因联系。粘土岩夹矸中粘土矿物构成与煤阶大体对应的关系,揭示了同沉积火山凝灰蚀变产物的后期变化趋势和规律。 相似文献
2.
Dr. rer. nat. h. c. Kurt Burger 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1980,69(2):488-531
Starting from general considerations of the rocks existing in the Ruhr Carboniferous and the mineral layers in coal seams, an informative review is given about the definition of clay stones and kaolin coal tonsteins as well as about the stratigraphic distribution of key horizons with special regard to the kaolin coal tonsteins. Information follows about the first evidence of individual kaolin coal tonsteins, their existence in the normal geologic columns and more recent stratigraphic sections as well as about the concentration of repositories. Besides, the kaolin coal tonsteins are characterized according to their macroscopic and microscopic external form. The paper reports about their material constituents (mineral components, trace elements, anorganic chemical constituents and organic substances in form of coal hydrates and amino acids). The paper closes with some statements about the importance and utilization of kaolin coal tonsteins to solve local and regional duties in mining geology. 相似文献
3.
中国西南龙潭早期碱性火山灰蚀变的TONSTEINS 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
系统地研究了中国西南地区晚二叠世龙潭早期TONSTEINS的时空分布。对该地区8层TONSTEINS的岩石学、矿物学以及地球化学特征的对比、分析,确认其全部为不同期次的同沉积碱性火山灰蚀变粘土岩。此一发现填补了全球含煤建造中缺失碱性火山灰沉积记录的空白,具有一定的实用价值与理论意义。 相似文献
4.
湖南龙潭煤系形成时的大地构造环境 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
湖南龙潭煤系属于早二叠世末-晚二叠世初期的沉积,沉积类型复杂。江南隆起东南面,以双牌-长寿断裂为界,东西两侧分属不同的物源区。通过对龙潭煤系分布、沉积环境演化、岩相展布、岩浆活动、构造特征、砂岩矿物成分及化学成分的研究认为,早二叠世末-晚二叠世初,区内大地构造环境属于较活动的被动大陆边缘。 相似文献
5.
滇东黔西晚二叠世煤系中火山灰蚀变粘土岩的元素地球化学特征 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9
对滇东?黔西晚二叠世煤系中同沉积火山灰蚀变粘土岩夹矸?正常沉积粘土岩和煤层共采46件样品,用多种仪器分析方法测定微量元素30余种?研究表明,煤系各层段中赋存的夹矸是由性质不同的火山灰沉积蚀变形成的,各层夹矸的微量元素含量及组合关系各有特点并在较大范围内保持良好的稳定性,可用于判定层位;正常沉积粘土岩与夹矸的原始物质性质不同,其微量元素含量和组合面貌各有自己特定的分布范围,两者易于区别? 相似文献
6.
滇东晚二叠世煤田中火山灰蚀变粘土岩夹矸(TONSTEIN)的锆石特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文就滇东晚二叠世含煤沉积中同沉积火山灰蚀变粘土岩夹矸和正常沉积粘土岩的锆石进行了统计学和形态学研究.该两种不同成因类型的粘土岩中锆石含量及形态面貌有显著区别.tonsteins中锆石形态参数统计规律因层位而异;同层位tonstein的锆石含量和形态参数在平面上呈有规律地变化.系统研究含煤建造剖面上各类岩石(包括tonsteins)中的锆石特征,能够用以确定物质来源、性质、成因以及以此为基本建立正常地层层序并精确对比层位,因而具有理论和实用意义. 相似文献
7.
L. A. Admakin 《Lithology and Mineral Resources》2001,36(1):23-32
Lithogenetic indicators are considered for the subdivision of tonsteins (with respect to their initial composition) into orthotonsteins, which are products of the diagenesis of volcanic ash, and paratonsteins, which are products of the sedimentation of dispersed kaolinic material. Diagnostic criteria include the association of stable and pseudomorphosed protominerals, relic textures, specific features of coal bed (morphology, continuity, and distribution of tonstein interlayers in the vertical section of a coal bed), titanium modulus, and paragenesis of tonsteins with genetically related rocks of the coal-bearing formation. Geological factors, which control the distribution of the genetic types of tonstein in coal beds of different basins, are outlined. 相似文献
8.
阿刀亥矿区CP2煤段粘土岩夹矸研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
内蒙大青山煤田ＣＰ２煤段含粘土岩夹矸多达４０余层。与上覆ＣＰ３砾岩段冲刷接触的煤段顶板和顶部粘土岩夹矸，为伊利石或伊利石－高岭石粘土岩。其下煤段中夹矸及底板为高岭石粘土岩，均发生了不同程度的铵云母化和一水硬铝石化。鳞片状、纤维状、条片状及晶粒假象铵云母沿粘土岩夹矸的节理裂隙呈脉状产出；微、细晶一水硬铝石沿碳质碎屑条带及富有机质的高岭石基质条带分布。这些特征表明，在有Ｋ＾＋离子带入的开放条件下，粘土 相似文献
9.
Results of petrographic, mineralogic and granulometric studies of the sedimentary china clay deposits of Trivandrum district in south Kerala are discussed in terms of their origin and depositional environment. While mineralogic data indicate a khondalitic source for the kaolins as against the hitherto postulated leptynitic source, petrographic evidences suggest that most of the kaolinite were transported from the weathering crust and deposited. Granulometric data and SEM scanning of sand grains from the clays indicate their deposition in a fluvial/low energy littoral environment under conditions of subaqueous agitation. 相似文献
10.
以大量钻孔岩心和测井资料为基础,研究了巨野煤田石炭二叠系陆表海盆地充填沉积的沉积相特征,划分出3个超层序和12个三级层序,建立了层序地层格架。在此基础上编制以准层序为基本单位的富煤单元图和砂分散体系图,对研究区潮坪沉积体系煤聚积规律进行了分析。研究表明,潮坪沉积体系和陆表海条件下的聚煤作用有着密切的关系,在潮坪沉积体系中,砂体厚度与煤层厚度呈正相关关系。 相似文献
11.
通过对宁武-静乐盆地中部高岭岩的组成、产状及稀土和微量元素地球化学特征的研究,发现了K+Na+Ca、TiO2、Nb、Zr等与高岭石含量间的正相关关系,讨论了细粒沉积物于沼泽中可能的沉降与扩散机制,认为研究区高岭岩为阴山古陆酸性陆源岩风化产物经搬运沉积后,又在沼泽环境中经淋滤进-步富集而成。 相似文献
12.
R. Addison R.K. Harrison D.H. Land B.R. Young A.E. Davis T.K. Smith 《International Journal of Coal Geology》1983,3(1):1-30
Laterally persistent tonsteins, up to 30 cm thick, occur in coal seams and associated sediments in the Tertiary Kutei Basin of East Kalimantan, Indonesia, where Neogene strata which form a generally eastward-prograding, marginal-marine to fluvio-deltaic sequence, are disposed in a north-northeast to south-southwest striking fold belt, centred on Samarinda. Eight tonsteins have so far been recorded in the middle to upper Miocene of the Badak syncline, some 40 km south-southwest of Samarinda, and range from tonsteins in the strict sense (kaolinite-mudstones of wide stratigraphical extent) including graupen and kristall varieties, to smectite-mudstones. They may pass laterally into each other. Most contain pyroclasts in varying stages of alteration and are regarded as volcanogenic. Primary textures include microscopic vitroclastic aggregates completely argillised to smectite, graded crystal-tuffs with abundant sanidine, glass shards and secondary vermiform kaolinite crystals, and argillised lithic tuffs. Texturally and compositionally these Tertiary tonsteins are closely similar to European Carboniferous tonsteins and this strengthens the conclusion of a volcanogenic origin even where pyroclastic textures have been removed through alteration. The East Kalimantan tonsteins are of economic and stratigraphic significance in providing distinctive horizons which have proved useful in aiding correlation of boreholes drilled in a coal-resource project in this area. 相似文献
13.
西湖凹陷西斜坡是东海盆地当前油气勘探的现实选择和主要领域，但以往研究在烃源岩形成条件和分布规律等基本地质问题方面尚未形成共识.在沉积学、煤岩学和有机地球化学等理论指导下，利用钻井、烃源岩有机地球化学及古生物等资料，对西湖凹陷西斜坡钻井揭示的平湖组烃源岩成因类型和形成条件进行了全面系统分析，建立了与沉积环境相对应的有机相划分方法，并总结了平面分布规律.研究表明，烃源岩主要为煤系烃源岩，次要为海相泥岩；西斜坡中北部以受潮汐影响的三角洲-障壁海岸沉积体系为主，西斜坡中南部为潮坪-半封闭海湾体系；沉积环境差异决定了烃源岩类型的不同，潮坪-泻湖比三角洲具有更高的煤系发育程度和生烃能力.研究结果对西斜坡烃源岩评价和储层预测及勘探部署有较大指导作用. 相似文献
14.
新疆侏罗纪原型盆地类型 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
经过近几年的勘探工作新疆中生代盆地取得了大量物化探资料和钻井、测井、分析化验等地质资料．这些资料的积累，为深入探讨新疆中生代盆地的演化过程提供了丰富信息．应用含能源盆地沉积学研究的工作方法对盆地中生界格架、沉积体系类型及其展布、盆地的充填样式等方面进行了探讨．新疆侏罗纪盆地具有许多类似的特征．总体表现为张性构造背景条件下的盆地类型．这些盆地已成为残留盆地，原始沉积物源离目前盆地边界较远，大部分边缘相已被天山隆起过程中剥蚀，而非因天山逆冲掩覆．新疆侏罗纪呈现三隆四坳的古地理格局．分别为塔北、南天山、北天山隆起带和托云-和田、库车-焉耆、伊犁-乔尔玛、准噶尔-吐哈沉积坳陷带．各盆地沉积环境基本类似，多为浅水湖盆的河流．三角洲沉积环境． 相似文献
15.
高岭石矿物缺陷结构研究——以晋北晚古生代煤系地层高岭岩为例 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文主要根据ＸＲＤ分析和ＩＲ光谱分析的有关参数，对山西境内产部晚古生代煤系夹矸高岭岩的矿物结构特征进行了详细研究，认为高岭石矿物结晶度与其显微结构有关，隐晶质高岭岩比碎屑团粒状和蠕虫状高岭岩结晶指数高。高岭石的无序度主要反映于（ａ，ｂ）面上的随机层错，同时与样品中低缺陷相的比率有关。动荡的水介质环境可能导致其无序度的增加。 相似文献
16.
九道岭井田位于辽宁阜新煤田的西南部,勘查面积24km^2,煤炭资源量丰富,是一个具有远景发展的含煤地区。根据该区已有的勘探资料,研究其含煤地层的分布、含煤性及聚煤作用,并对其含煤岩系的沉积旋回结构及可采煤层的分布状况进行了分析。研究表明：九道岭井田沙海组聚煤作用可分为两个主要聚煤期,第一个聚煤期为第一旋回的上部4煤层及5煤层沉积时期：第二聚煤期为第三旋回顶部的二煤层沉积时期。该区的煤层发育主要受沉积环境、构造和古气候等因素控制。以上研究成果为今后矿山开采及外围找煤提供参考。 相似文献
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18.
Trace element compositions were determined (by instrumental neutron activation analysis; INAA) in 30 samples of synsedimentary volcanic ash-derived tonsteins and detrital claystones from coal seams within the late Permian coal-bearing formation of eastern Yunnan and western Guizhou Provinces, China. The characteristics of trace-element geochemistry in the tonsteins can be distinguished from those of detrital claystones because of the former's unique volcanic-ash origin. The detrital claystones are characterized by their relatively high content of V, Ti, Sc, Cr, Co and Ni, relatively low content of Th and U, Th/U ratio, and small negative Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu* 0.63–0.93). Overall, these trace element characteristics are consistent with a mafic source similar to the composition of basalt rocks in the erosional region on the western edge of the study area. In contrast, the tonsteins are low in V, Ti, Sc, Cr, Co and Ni contents and have a high Th/U ratio with a distinct negative Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu* normally in the range of 0.2–0.4), consistent with a silicic magmatic source.Within the group of tonsteins, those from the lower section (P2.1) of the coal-bearing formation are relatively high in Ti, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta and rare earth elements (REE), as compared to those from the middle and upper sections (P2.2+3). In trace-element discrimination diagrams (scatter plots) of Hf–Ta, Ti–Ta, Ti–V, Hf–Sc, Lu–Hf and Lu–Th, tonsteins from the P2.1 horizon always fall in isolated distribution areas, separate from the tonsteins of the P2.2+3 horizon. These results suggest that the source materials of tonsteins from the two separate horizons were probably derived from volcanic ash falls of two distinctly different natures. Based on a comparison of the concentrations and assemblages of trace elements between various magmatic rocks, the source materials of tonsteins from P2.1 horizon were mostly composed of calc-alkalic, silica-poor volcanic ash (similar to rhyodacitic magma), whereas those from P2.2+3 were apparently more siliceous and K-rich (rhyolitic magma). Thus, tonsteins from the two different horizons are characterized by unique geochemical properties, which remain constant over a wide lateral extent. Integration of trace-elemental compositions with mineralogical and textural observations makes possible the establishment of tonstein stratigraphy, thus, facilitating more precise and reliable coal-seam correlations. 相似文献
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