共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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《应用地球物理》2021,(1)
叠后地震数据波阻抗反演是储层预测的一种有效方法。目前所常用的叠后反演处理通过递归积分公式在单道上求得波阻抗,不能进行横向正则化约束。采用多道波阻抗反演方法,并对波阻抗模型进行高维(二维或三维)边缘保持平滑滤波预处理,从而将边缘保持先验信息引入地震反演中。经边缘保持平滑滤波预处理后的阻抗模型具有块状化特点(反演出的波阻抗具有清晰的地层边界与边缘,即具有边缘保持性质)。反演得到的波阻抗剖面具有清晰的构造界线与地质体边缘,并具备鲁棒性。然后,通过两个地层波阻抗模型验证了该方法的可行性与稳定性。最后,应用该方法处理了中国西南某三维地震工区数据并进行解释,精确揭示出本工区目的层含气生物礁储层段。 相似文献
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《应用地球物理》2015,(2)
<正>则化反演通过引入模型约束和正则化因子求解病态的地球物理反演问题,但该方法存在正则化因子选取困难和初始模型依赖的问题。针对该问题,本文提出多目标粒子群反演算法。该算法反演中不需要目标函数梯度信息和正则化因子,先同时求数据拟合和模型约束的多目标反演解集,再权衡两者的相对重要程度,最后从反演解集中优选出最终反演结果,从而起到正则化因子的作用。以二维磁测数据反演为例,进行理论模型反演试验,试验结果表明,多目标粒子群反演算法能尽可能多地保留可行解,得到反演解集;通过分析反演解集,既能深入的理解反演过程,又能灵活地从数据拟合和模型约束两方面进行权衡与选择,得到比正则化反演更合理的反演结果;该算法能同时解决正则化因子选取困难和初始模型依赖问题。 相似文献
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高频电磁波测井响应对地层纵向边界相当敏感 ,在其资料反演中必须重视地层纵向边界位置的提取和反演精度 .首先应用特征识别技术由测井曲线提取地层参数 ,在此基础上建立反演初始地层模型 ,通过分别构造反演地层电参数和纵向边界位置的目标函数 ,采用改进的阻尼型高斯 -牛顿算法 ,实现了对地层电参数和纵向边界位置的交替循环反演 .对含1 7个水平分层的典型地层模型的模拟测井资料进行反演计算 ,测井响应的反演精度达到2 .0 % (平均相对误差 ) ,电参数的误差为 4.4% . 相似文献
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本文针对蒸汽辅助重力泄油(SAGD)生产中开发监测问题,发展了综合应用地震及重力数据反演储层密度的联合反演算法.通过测井数据建立纵波阻抗与密度的直接关系,并推导出这种关系下重力与纵波阻抗数据联合反演的计算方法,从而计算出蒸汽腔体密度分布规律.文中应用密度反演后验约束正则化方法,采用Tikhonov正则化模型,通过波阻抗数据作为约束进行联合反演,在算法上提高了稳定性,同时得到较高的反演精度.文中对SAGD生产中的理论模型进行了方法试算,并分析了算法的误差,最终应用于SAGD生产的实际数据中,通过最终反演结果分析,该方法取得了很好的应用效果. 相似文献
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利用高频电磁波测井反演地层介电常数电阻率 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
高频电磁波测井响应对地层纵向边界相当敏感，在其资料反演中必须重视地层纵向边界位置的提取和反演精度，首先应用特征识别技术由测井曲线提取地层参数，在此基础上建立反演初始地层模型。通过分别构造反演地层电参数和纵向边界位置的目标函数，采用改进的阻尼型高斯-牛顿算法，实现了对地层电参数和纵向边界位置的交替循环反演，对含17个水平分层的典型地层模型的模拟测井资料进行了反演计算，测井响应的反演精度达到2.0%（平均相对误差），电参数的误差为4.4%。 相似文献
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Inversion for seismic impedance is an ill-posed and band-limited problem so that inversion results are non-unique and unstable and low and high frequency components of inversion results are missed. Combining regularization with constraints of sonic log data and geological structure information can help to alleviate these problems. To achieve this, we developed an inversion method by constructing a new objective function which includes edge-preserving regularization and soft constraint based on Markov random field (MRF). The method directly introduces absolute constraints with prior impedance and sonic log data in the objective function and indirectly achieves relative constraints with geologic structures of layer interfaces and faults by adjusting the regularization parameter which is the scaling parameter δ. Moreover, we improved the inversion result using anisotropic diffusion smoothing method. Optimization approach utilized in inversion is a fast simulated annealing (FSA). We test the method on both synthetic and field data examples. Tests on 2-D synthetic data indicate that aspects of the discontinuity in the inversion results are significantly improved by adding δ values in faults and layer interfaces. We obtained better results by combining the first-order neighborhood and the third-order neighborhood of MRF. The inversion results of the field data provide more detailed information of the layers. The results of nearby faults were improved by introducing the geological structure constraints. 相似文献
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Seismic impedance inversion is a well-known method used to obtain the image of subsurface geological structures. Utilizing the spatial coherence among seismic traces, the laterally constrained multitrace impedance inversion (LCI) is superior to trace-by-trace inversion and can produce a more realistic image of the subsurface structures. However, when the traces are numerous, it will take great computational cost and a lot of memory to solve the large-scale matrix in the multitrace inversion, which restricts the efficiency and applicability of the existing multitrace inversion algorithm. In addition, the multitrace inversion methods are not only needed to consider the lateral correlation but also should take the constraints in temporal dimension into account. As usual, these vertical constraints represent the stratigraphic characteristics of the reservoir. For instance, total-variation regularization is adopted to obtain the blocky structure. However, it still limits the magnitude of model parameter variation and therefore somewhat distorts the real image. In this paper, we propose two schemes to solve these issues. Firstly, we introduce a fast algorithm called blocky coordinate descent (BCD) to derive a new framework of laterally constrained multitrace impedance inversion. This new BCD-based inversion approach is fast and spends fewer memories. Next, we introduce a minimum gradient support regularization into the BCD-based laterally constrained inversion. This new approach can adapt to sharp layer boundaries and keep the spatial coherence. The feasibility of the proposed method is illustrated by numerical tests for both synthetic data and field seismic data. 相似文献
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Inversion for seismic impedance is an inherently complicated problem. It is ill‐posed and band‐limited. Thus the inversion results are non‐unique and the process is unstable. Combining regularization with constraints using sonic and density log data can help to reduce these problems. To achieve this, we developed an inversion method by constructing a new objective function, including edge‐preserving regularization and a soft constraint based on a Markov random field. The method includes the selection of proper initial values of the regularization parameters by a statistical method, and it adaptively adjusts the regularization parameters by the maximum likelihood method in a fast simulated‐annealing procedure to improve the inversion result and the convergence speed. Moreover, the method uses two kinds of regularization parameter: a ‘weighting factor’λ and a ‘scaling parameter’δ. We tested the method on both synthetic and field data examples. Tests on 2D synthetic data indicate that the inversion results, especially the aspects of the discontinuity, are significantly different for different regularization functions. The initial values of the regularization parameters are either too large or too small to avoid either an unstable or an over‐smoothed result, and they affect the convergence speed. When selecting the initial values of λ, the type of the regularization function should be considered. The results obtained by constant regularization parameters are smoother than those obtained by adaptively adjusting the regularization parameters. The inversion results of the field data provide more detailed information about the layers, and they match the impedance curves calculated from the well logs at the three wells, over most portions of the curves. 相似文献
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Yuanqiang Li Jingye Li Xiaohong Chen Jian Zhang Xin Bo 《Geophysical Prospecting》2020,68(7):2009-2026
The conventional impedance inversion method ignores the attenuation effect, transmission loss and inter-layer multiple waves; the smooth-like regularization approach makes the corresponding impedance solution excessively smooth. Both fundamentally limit the resolution of impedance result and lead to the inadequate ability of boundary characterization. Therefore, a post-stack impedance blocky inversion method based on the analytic solution of viscous acoustic equation is proposed. Based on the derived recursive formula of reflections, the 1D viscous acoustic wave equation is solved analytically to obtain zero-offset full-wave field response. Applying chain rule, the analytical expression of the Fréchet derivative is derived for gradient-descent non-linear inversion. Combined with smooth constraints, the blocky constraints can be introduced into the Bayesian inference framework to obtain stable and well-defined inversion results. According to the above theory, we firstly use model data to analyse the influence of incompleteness of forward method on seismic response, and further verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Then the Q-value sensitivity analysis of seismic trace is carried out to reduce the difficulty of Q-value estimation. Finally, the real data from Lower Congo Basin in West Africa indicate that the proposed approach provide the high-resolution and well-defined impedance result. As a supplement and development of linear impedance inversion method, the non-linear viscous inversion could recover more realistic and reliable impedance profiles. 相似文献
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有别于传统基于梯度信息的反演方法在正则化约束中用总梯度逼近海塞逆矩阵的技术,本文将正则化约束问题的数据拟合项和模型光滑项分开考虑,只利用数据拟合函数的梯度信息对数据拟合项的海塞矩阵进行逼近,通过求解类高斯牛顿下降方向方程得到不依赖前几次迭代正则化因子的更精确下降方向,在求解当前迭代下降方向的过程中,通过保证右端项中两个向量的二范数在同一数量级的原则,实现了正则化因子的自动更新.对理论模型的试算表明这种自适应正则化反演方案可以在拟牛顿反演框架下基本达到OCCAM的算法稳定性,反演结果对初始模型依赖性较小,同时又无需在一次迭代中多次搜索最佳正则化因子.本文还基于此算法讨论了大地电磁各参数对于反演结果的影响,由于本文的反演结果能得到充分的正则化约束,因而在此框架下讨论阻抗和倾子在反演中的作用相对更为客观. 相似文献
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Sharp spatially constrained inversion with applications to transient electromagnetic data 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1 
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下载免费PDF全文 Gianluca Fiandaca Anders Vest Christiansen Casper Kirkegaard Esben Auken 《Geophysical Prospecting》2015,63(1):243-255
Time‐domain electromagnetic data are conveniently inverted by using smoothly varying 1D models with fixed vertical discretization. The vertical smoothness of the obtained models stems from the application of Occam‐type regularization constraints, which are meant to address the ill‐posedness of the problem. An important side effect of such regularization, however, is that horizontal layer boundaries can no longer be accurately reproduced as the model is required to be smooth. This issue can be overcome by inverting for fewer layers with variable thicknesses; nevertheless, to decide on a particular and constant number of layers for the parameterization of a large survey inversion can be equally problematic. Here, we present a focusing regularization technique to obtain the best of both methodologies. The new focusing approach allows for accurate reconstruction of resistivity distributions using a fixed vertical discretization while preserving the capability to reproduce horizontal boundaries. The formulation is flexible and can be coupled with traditional lateral/spatial smoothness constraints in order to resolve interfaces in stratified soils with no additional hypothesis about the number of layers. The method relies on minimizing the number of layers of non‐vanishing resistivity gradient, instead of minimizing the norm of the model variation itself. This approach ensures that the results are consistent with the measured data while favouring, at the same time, the retrieval of horizontal abrupt changes. In addition, the focusing regularization can also be applied in the horizontal direction in order to promote the reconstruction of lateral boundaries such as faults. We present the theoretical framework of our regularization methodology and illustrate its capabilities by means of both synthetic and field data sets. We further demonstrate how the concept has been integrated in our existing spatially constrained inversion formalism and show its application to large‐scale time‐domain electromagnetic data inversions. 相似文献
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Time-lapse monitoring is a powerful tool for observing dynamic changes in the subsurface. In particular it offers the potential for achieving inversion results with increased fidelity through the inclusion of complementary information from multiple time-steps. This inclusion of complementary information can reduce the need for spatial smoothing, without adding inversion artifacts to the resulting images. Commonly used time-lapse inversion methods include the ratio method, cascaded time-lapse inversion, difference inversion and differencing independent inversions. We introduce two additional methods in which both time-lapse data sets are inverted simultaneously. In the first, called temporally constrained time-lapse inversion, inversion of both datasets is done under a single optimization procedure and constraints are added to the regularization to ensure that the changes from one time to another are smooth. In the second method, called simultaneous time-lapse inversion, the inversions at time 1 and time 2 are performed simultaneously and constraints of smoothness and closeness to a reference model are applied to the difference image produced at each iteration, and subsequently, the constraints are updated at each iteration. Through both a numerical and a field example we compare the results of common time-lapse inversion methods as well as the introduced approaches. We found that of the commonly used time-lapse inversion methods the difference inversion method produced the best resolution of time-lapse changes and was the most robust in the presence of noise. However, we found that the alternative approach of simultaneous time-lapse inversion produced the best reconstruction of modeled EC changes in the numerical example and easily interpretable high resolution difference images in the field example. Moreover, there was less tailoring of regularization parameters with our simultaneous time-lapse approach, suggesting that it will lend itself well to an automated inversion code. 相似文献
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目前瑞雷波多阶模式频散曲线反演中仅考虑数据的拟合,缺乏对模型的约束,不能很好地刻画地层间断面的问题,针对此问题,研究了瑞雷波多阶模式频散曲线稀疏正则化反演方法.正演模拟基于广义反射-透射系数法,数值计算上采用一种快速求根方法,与二等分方法相比,能够在很短的时间内达到最优的收敛效果;反演建模时采用L1范数正则化方法对模型... 相似文献