共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 360 毫秒
1.
本文基于三维有限体积FVCOM海洋动力模型,通过潮汐和风场共同驱动,建立了渤海精细尺度寒潮风暴潮模型。利用2000年和2010年的渤海岸线,对2003年10月的渤海寒潮风暴潮过程进行数值模拟,研究了围填海工程前后,渤海寒潮风暴潮能量场的变化。研究结果表明,岸线变化后,渤海海域风暴潮能量场变化明显,曹妃甸港和黄骅港等站位的风暴潮水位相对有少量增加,对应的势能能量密度有增加的趋势,相反各站位风暴潮流速有所减弱,因此对应的动能能量密度有相对减少的趋势。在黄骅港站位,由于势能能量密度大于动能能量密度,总能量密度受势能能量密度的影响较大,总能量密度相对有增加的趋势;在曹妃甸港站位,风暴潮总能量密度受动能能量密度的影响较大,总能量密度相对有减少的趋势。 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
5.
本文基于坐底式逆向回声仪(current and pressure recording inverted echo sounder, CPIES)实测海底压强和海底流速数据对黑潮延伸体时变正压动力过程和动能串级进行研究。先对CPIES数据进行去噪、网格化、调平等预处理,获得黑潮延伸体正压动力高度网格和海底流速网格,后进一步计算得到正压动力高度分布图、正压涡动能分布图以及正压动能通量谱。结果表明:1)在无外力作用时,正压动力高度起伏会使海水从动力高的地方向低的地方流入从而产生较高的涡动能,而一旦有外力强迫,海水有从动力高度低的地方向高的地方流入的可能,从而使得正压动力高度不断增加涡动能增强;2)通过分析9个月长时间平均正压动能通量谱,验证了地转湍流理论中的正压反向动能串级; 3)对黑潮延伸体月平均正压动能通量作谱分析发现,涡动能的大小会影响动能通量幅值变化,当涡动能升高,动能通量谱振幅变大,正向/反向动能串级增强,反之亦然。此外,正压动能串级随着时间变化,表现为2004年6月至8月反向动能串级尺度向小尺度移动并且强度增强; 2004年9月反向动能串级突然减弱,2004年9月至11月出现了... 相似文献
6.
基于自动探测方法的南海北部涡致海表温度锋面的特征研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
南海北部具有丰富的温度锋面和中尺度涡，它们调节着局地的热量和能量平衡。本文利用卫星海洋高度异常和海表温度数据，并基于自动探测方法，探究了2007年至2017年南海北部中尺度涡边缘的海表温度锋面（涡致锋面）特征。反气旋/气旋边缘出现锋面的概率可达20%。气旋涡在各个方向上出现锋面的概率比较均匀，反气旋涡的东北部和西南部出现锋面的概率大于西北部和东南部。中尺度涡致锋面的数量有明显的季节变化，而涡动能未表现出明显的季节变化。中尺度涡致锋区的总涡动能是中尺度涡内动能的3倍，并且反气旋涡致锋面的总涡动能明显强于气旋涡致锋面的总涡动能。中尺度涡致锋面的数量和涡动能的年际变化与厄尔尼诺南方涛动指数没有明显的相关性。本研究也讨论了中尺度涡致锋面的可能机制，但是中尺度涡对海表温度锋的贡献需要进一步定量研究。 相似文献
7.
径流量变化对长江口水动力特性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了研究径流量变化对长江口水动力特性的影响,利用MIKE21建立长江口水动力数学模型,分别模拟计算长江口不同径流量影响的潮流场,统计分析不同径流量时各汊道涨落潮量和净泄量以及分配比例;统计分析不同径流量对各汊道潮位变化的影响;统计分析不同径流量对北槽中下段水动力特性的影响。得到如下结论:1)径流量的变化对于涨潮分流的影响显著,随着径流量的增加,更多的潮流从北支、北港、南槽进入长江口内。当上游的径流动力增强,外海潮流受上游径流的阻挡,难以继续上溯。2)越是靠近上游,径流量的变化对平均潮位的影响程度越高,入海口处受径流的影响微弱;上游径流量越大,潮波向内陆传播越受阻,能量消耗越大,致使其动力减弱。3)径流量的变化对平均流速的影响与上述潮位变化类似,上游径流量越大,各汊道流速越大;越靠近海洋,径流影响越小。4)长江口北槽中下段转流时刻会出现平面对流现象。横向方向上普遍存在越堤水流,且南北导堤均为北向越堤流占优势。 相似文献
8.
9.
基于Ｐｅｄｌｏｓｋｙ（１９８７）的线性Ｍｕｃｋ边界层模型,引入一随纬向空间变化的侧摩擦系数ＡＨ（ｘ）,以探讨该参数对西边界流的强化结构的影响。结果发现,在风应力和内区解保持不变的情况下,适中线性变化的ＡＨ（ｘ）会使西边界层内的向北急流和其靠内区一侧的逆流均得到加强。文中还给出摩擦应力、相对涡度及平均动能向涡动能的转化率在西边界层内的分布情况。 相似文献
10.
该文对已建立的齐次湍流动能输运方程封闭模型 (HKE)封闭的浅海动力学模型进行了检验。湍流混合强度的垂直分布会影流速剖面 ,在风海流、狭长渠道稳态风潮及渠道振荡流流场等的模拟中 ,HKE封闭均取得满意效果 ,结果表明 HKE封闭在正压浅海动力学中是有效的 ,可避免混合长理论的缺陷 ,并未过多增加计算量。振荡流的湍流粘性系数的时间分布特性是时变的 ,其变化频率为振荡频率的两倍 ,且在流速变化最大时湍流混合最强。对应于浅海潮波系统 ,平潮和停潮时局地混合最弱 ,因而最适宜水质采样 ,反之 ,涨急和落急时刻湍流混合最强。但当取湍动能的Schmidt数 σk>10时 ,湍粘性系数的振幅仅为其平均值的 15 % ,因此可以认为在 15 %误差内振荡流的粘性系数可用一个时间平均值来代表 相似文献
11.
通过大尺度水槽波浪引起泥沙悬移的动床模型实验,研究了沙坝海岸破波带内水底悬沙浓度形成机理,通过比较时间平均水底悬沙浓度与时间平均水底波浪水质点动能或时间平均水底湍动能之间的相关性,论证了利用时间平均湍动能比利用时间平均波浪水质点动能计算时间平均水底悬沙浓度更为适用,并提出了以上时间平均水底悬沙浓度与水底湍动能之间的关系也可以用来近似表达时间变化的水底悬沙浓度与时间变化的水底湍动能之间的关系。研究针对规则波、波群和不规则波3种波浪形态进行,并分别对破波带内的爬坡区、内破波区和沙坝区3个区域实验结果进行讨论。 相似文献
12.
Chen Guoping Yu Kuang-ming Zhang Jiachang Assistant Engineer River Harbour Department Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute Nanjing
Prof. Senior Engineer River Harbour Department Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute Nanjing
Senior Engineer River Harbour Department Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute Nanjing 《中国海洋工程》1991,(4)
This paper discusses the effect of berm width and elevation of composite slope on irregular wave run-up. Based on the data obtained from model tests, the formula and distribution of irregular wave run-up on composite slope are derived. The changing of wind speed, width and elevation of the berm are considered comprehensively. The wave run-up with various exceedance probability can be es-timated utilizing the distribution curves of irregular wave run-up. 相似文献
13.
The combination of a high-frequency ocean surface radar and a tsunami detection method should be assessed as the onshore-offshore distribution of tsunami detection probability, because the probability will vary in accordance with the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the tsunami magnitude in addition to the radar system specifications. Here, we statistically examine the tsunami detection distance based on virtual tsunami observation experiments by using signals received by a high-frequency radar in February 2014 installed on the southern coast of Japan and numerically simulated velocities induced by a Nankai Trough earthquake. In the experiments, the Doppler frequencies associated with the simulated velocities were superimposed on the receiving signals of the radar, and the radial velocities were calculated from the synthesized signals by the fast Fourier transform. Tsunami arrival was then detected based on the temporal change in the cross-correlation of the velocities, before and after tsunami arrival, between two points 3 km apart along a radar beam. We found that the possibility of tsunami detection primarily depends on the kinetic energy ratio between tsunami current and background current velocities. The monthly average detection probability is over 90% when the energy ratio exceeds 5 (offshore distance: 9 km ≤ L ≤ 36 km) and reduces to 50% when the energy ratio is approximately 1 (L = 42 km) over the shelf slope. The ratio varied with the background current physics and SNR, which was mainly affected by ocean surface wave heights and ionospheric electron density. 相似文献
14.
黑潮入侵优化对南海北部中尺度涡旋模拟的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
基于高分辨率海洋环流模式，通过比较吕宋海峡处地形优化后的黑潮入侵形态和强度不同的试验，我们研究了黑潮入侵优化后对南海中尺度涡模拟的影响。我们发现黑潮入侵的减弱导致了涡旋活动的减弱，这使得模式结果与观测结果更为相近。在这种情况下，模式模拟的吕宋海峡西部及北部陆坡区域的涡动动能明显减弱。模式涡动动能的减弱与模式反气旋式涡数量的减少和气旋式涡强度的减弱有关。涡动动能收支的分析进一步表明，黑潮入侵的优化将通过改变水平速度切变和温跃层斜率来改变涡动动能，而这两个参数分别与正压和斜压不稳定性有关。前者在模式涡动动能减弱中起着更为重要的作用，而黑潮入侵导致的涡动动能的水平输送对吕宋海峡西部区域的能量收支同样起着重要的作用。 相似文献
15.
Jintang Ou Haoyan Dong Liangwen Jia Xiangxin Luo Zixiao He Kanglin Chen Jing Liu Yitong Lin Mingdong Yu Mingen Liang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2022,41(5):51-63
Knowledge of sediment variation processes is essential to understand the evolution mechanism of beach morphology changes. Thus, a field measurement was conducted at the Heisha Beach, located on the west coast of the Zhujiang River(Pearl River) Estuary, to investigate the short-term variation in suspended sediment concentrations(SSCs) and the relationship between the SSC and turbulent kinetic energy, bottom shear stress(BSS), and relative wave height. Based on extreme event analysis results, extr... 相似文献
16.
近岸海域水沙界面通量与水流挟沙力研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
近岸海域的波浪、潮流及海流等动力因素具有周期性和时间、空间尺度差异大的特点,在综合考虑各动力因子的联合作用时具有较大的难度。本文根据平动动能叠加原理给出了一种近岸动力因子的表达形式,并提出了海洋波动有效速度的概念,结合水沙界面处泥沙通量的切应力与挟沙力关系,得到了水流挟沙力的新的计算公式。指出了水流挟沙力与水流临界速度有关,并且该水流临界速度随水深的增大及相对糙率的减小而增大。采用近岸实测数据和模拟结果,对本文的近岸水流挟沙力公式进行了验证,结果表明该公式的计算值与实测值吻合较好,可以适用于近岸海域。 相似文献
17.
海岸的泥沙输沙模式决定着海岸地形的演变特征,不同的输沙模式会导致形成横向和倾斜沙坝、裂流沟槽等不同的地貌特征。本研究提出了一种考虑泥沙分布不均匀性的新输沙率公式,该公式包含了反映泥沙粒径不均匀性的概率加权和考虑泥沙颗粒遮蔽效应的加权。该公式所给出的载沙量与传统输沙率公式的对比表明,相同中值粒径下,二者有明显差异。将该输沙率公式应用于地形线性不稳定分析,所得到的地形不稳定性增长率不同于假定泥沙为均匀的结果,对应的地形变形波长也有所差别。 相似文献
18.
Deep flows on the slope inshore of the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench southeast off Cape Erimo, Hokkaido were observed for about five years from June 1989 to March 1995, using a mooring system with two current meters. In 1991 and 1993 directionally stable southwestward flows were observed at the upper layer (1000 m). These appear to be typical of the Oyashio because the characteristics of the flows were high mean kinetic energy, low eddy energy and high stability. However, the magnitudes of other mean flows at the upper layer, except for 1991 and 1993, were less than their standard deviations. This suggests that the Oyashio was observed for only a limited period of time. On the other hand, at the lower layer (3000 m) the magnitudes of the mean flows for 10–11 months were 1–3 cm s-1 and ellipses of their eddy kinetic energy were extremely flattened in the direction of the local isobath. The directions of the mean flows in 1990, 1991 and 1993 were southwestward along the local isobath. The relationships between the upper and the lower flows are discussed in terms of monthly change of kinetic energy, since the low-frequency fluctuations longer than 30-day are predominant from the eddy kinetic energy spectra. The results show that there are cases when the kinetic energy of the monthly mean flows at the lower layers are larger than those at the upper layers. This suggests the possibility that the lower flows are in part a southward deep western boundary current. 相似文献
19.
The fatigue assessment plays an increasing role for the offshore structural safety. Many fatigue assessment methods have been developed for this purpose. Among those methods, the time domain method is regarded as the most accurate method but less adopted in practice due to time consuming. In order to improve the efficiency of the time domain method, an innovative block partition and equivalence method of the wave scatter diagram is developed for offshore structural fatigue assessment. After the wave scatter diagram is partitioned into several blocks, the newly developed method, involves determination of the equivalent wave height, wave period and occurrence probability of the representative sea states based on modified energy equivalent principle. The equivalent wave period of the representative sea state is calculated via the spectral moment formula in which the equivalent spectral moments of zero and second order are obtained based on the weighted averaging principle. Combining with the determined wave period, the equivalent significant wave height can be determined by reversing the wave spectrum integral formula, where the equivalent wave energy of a divided block of the wave scatter diagram is modified by introducing a factor to compensate the effect of low- and high-amplitude cycles fatigue damage. The equivalent occurrence probability is equal to the summation of the original sea states’ occurrence probability within the divided block. The developed method has the advantage of preserving the stochastic characteristics of the short term sea states within the divided block during determining the representative sea state. At the same time the newly developed method has no limitation on block partition and can be applied on different offshore structure. Two structural models, a fixed mono-pile platform and a floating semi-submersible platform, are demonstrated in the numerical examples. Results indicate that the newly developed method is robust, computationally affordable, and accurate within engineering expectations. 相似文献