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《The Journal of geography》2012,111(7):49-53
Abstract The potentially severe strain that subnormal winter temperatures would impose upon reduced heating fuel supplies prompted publication of a long-range, national, winter weather forecast in November 1973. However, limitation of the art of weather forecasting that stem ultimately from the complex episodic nature of weather behavior diminish the reliability of this outlook. In spite of the complexity encountered along the way, a journey into weather records of the past does reveal some observations about weather activity that are useful in assessing winter temperature prospects. These observations include the characteristic nonuniformity of weather behavior, the existence of long-range and seasonal climatic trends, and the thermal effects of early-season establishment of a heavy snow cover. 相似文献
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Lucas May Petry Camila Leite Da Silva Andrea Esuli Chiara Renso Vania Bogorny 《International journal of geographical information science》2020,34(7):1428-1450
ABSTRACT The increasing popularity of Location-Based Social Networks (LBSNs) and the semantic enrichment of mobility data in several contexts in the last years has led to the generation of large volumes of trajectory data. In contrast to GPS-based trajectories, LBSN and context-aware trajectories are more complex data, having several semantic textual dimensions besides space and time, which may reveal interesting mobility patterns. For instance, people may visit different places or perform different activities depending on the weather conditions. These new semantically rich data, known as multiple-aspect trajectories, pose new challenges in trajectory classification, which is the problem that we address in this paper. Existing methods for trajectory classification cannot deal with the complexity of heterogeneous data dimensions or the sequential aspect that characterizes movement. In this paper we propose MARC, an approach based on attribute embedding and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) for classifying multiple-aspect trajectories, that tackles all trajectory properties: space, time, semantics, and sequence. We highlight that MARC exhibits good performance especially when trajectories are described by several textual/categorical attributes. Experiments performed over four publicly available datasets considering the Trajectory-User Linking (TUL) problem show that MARC outperformed all competitors, with respect to accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. 相似文献
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《Norsk geografisk tidsskrift. Norwegian journal of geography》2012,66(3):200-208
Abstract|Gjessing, Y. T. 1968. On the Relation between the Meteorological Conditions and the Freezing of Lusterfjord. Norsk geogr. Tidsskr. 22, 200–208, In most cases Lusterfjord freezes over in winter immediately after a period of mild weather conditions with some precipitation. It is sufficient to have temperatures just below 0°C for a relatively short period of time in order for ice to form. However, during extreme cold weather conditions where the temperatures are under -15°C for a lengthy period of time, the fjord is often free from ice formation. In order for ice to form, there must be a stable gradient in the uppermost centimetres of the water masses. This stable cross-section is a result of a strong gradient of salinity and is formed by a supply of fresh water in the form of precipitation. Such a layer will easily be decomposed by a mechanical turbulence (wind). 相似文献
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《The Journal of geography》2012,111(5):280-288
Abstract Although topographic maps are commonly used, few readers seem to understand them adequately. In this paper we attempt to develop a teaching strategy to remedy this deficiency. The teaching strategy is founded upon a group of integrated illustrations which take the reader from data-gathering through to the final map. We believe that these illustrations are simple enough to be understood by grade school children, yet sophisticated enough to satisfy adults. 相似文献
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《The Journal of geography》2012,111(9):391-400
Abstract 1960 Report on Jamaica. British Information Services, 845 Third Ave., New York 22, N.Y., 1963. iv and 477 pages with table of contents, photographs, graphs and bibliography. $3.50. George W. Hoffman. The Balkans in Transition. D. Van Nostrand Co., Princeton, N.J., 1963. 124 pages. $1.45. Stephen W. Sears and Marvin W. McFarland. Air War Against Hitler's Germany. American Heritage Publishing Co., Inc., New York, 1964. 154 pages including index. $3.95. Olive TV. Burt. Wind Before the Dawn. John Day Co., New York, 19G4. 192 pages. $3.50. Los Angeles Geographical Society. Day Tours: Geographical Journeys in the Los Angeles Area. Glenn Cunningham, Editor. Pacific Books, Palo Alto, California, 1964. 277 pages. Maps. $3.95. Editorial note: In answer to inquiries, other Highlighting features on Southeast Asia topics which have appeared in The Journal of Geography are: (1) “Federation of Malaysia,” May, 1963, 230–231, (2) “Indonesian Panism,” May, 1964, 232–233, (3) “Disintegrating Laos,” September, 1964, 284–285, (4) “Splitting Wedge of Communism,” October, 1964, 334–335 and (5) “Cambodia's Three Sea Outlets,” November, 1964, 382–383. John H. Bradley. World Geography. Fourth Edition. Ginn and Co., Boston 17, Mass., 1964. 619 pages with table of contents, list of maps, maps, illustrations, photographs colored and black and white, bibliography, statistics, study guides and index. For high school grades 9–12. $6.20. Atlas of Florida. Compiled by Erwin Raisz and associates; text by John R. Dunkle. University of Florida Press, Gainesville, Fla., 1964. 52 pages with maps, graphs, diagrams, sketches, photographs and fold-in rear cover pocket map. $7.50. Frank R. Brandenburg. The Making of Modern Mexico Prentice-Hall Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1964. 379 pages with index $8.95. A. V. Hardy and F. J. Monkhouse. The Physical Landscape in Pictures. Cambridge University Press, American Branch, 32 E. 57th St., New York, 1964. 92 pages with table of contents, preface and 92 black and white photographs. $1.75 paperbound. Mary F. Horkheimer and John W. Diffor (eds.). Educators Guide to Free Films. Educators Progress Service, Randolph, Wis., 1964. 631 pages. $9.00. Marton Pecsi and Bela Sarfalvi. The Geography of Hungary. Collet's, 44–45 Museum St., London, 1964. xii and 299 pages, black and white illustrations and two colored insert maps. About $4.55. Stephen H. Longrigg. The Middle East: A Social Geography. Aldine Publishing Co., Chicago, 1962. 291 pages. $6.95. 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》2013,65(1):90-97
This is the third in a series of reports on Japanese geographic research prepared in cooperation with the Association of Japanese Geographers (AJG). Like the two previous reports, which appeared in the August and November issues, it has been modified for the English-speaking readership of THE PROFESSIONAL GEOGRAPHER. However, unlike the previous articles, each of which aimed at providing data regarding Japanese research on specific geographic topics, this paper is intended to supply the reader with an inventory of those materials that will be needed for the conduct of research in Japan. —H. Jesse Walker, Member, U.S. National Committee, IGU. 相似文献
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《The Journal of geography》2012,111(2):35-42
Abstract Swiss-born Arnold Henri Guyot (1807–1884) was the first professionally trained geographer to hold an academic position in the United States. After his migration to this country in 1848 he lived for several years in Massachusetts. During this period he introduced contemporary German-Swiss ideas of geography to key opinion leaders in an important series of lectures (published as Earth and Man), established a system of weather stations, and lectured on methods of teaching geography in Massachusetts teachers' institutes and normal schools. This article discusses Guyot's work in the reform of school geography in Massachusetts as the seedbed for his later, better-known work as the author of innovative textbooks and other teaching aids. 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》2013,65(3):213-226
Books reviewed in this aritcle: General Geography A Geografihy of Maskind. Jan O. M. Broek and John W. Webb. Man and the Earth. Joseph Bixby Hoyt. Geographical Regions Winter in Finland: A Study in Human Geography. W. R. Mead and Helmer Smeds. The Domesday Geography of South-West England. H. C. Darby and R. Welldon Finn(eds.). Latin America: A Geographical Survey. Harry Robinson. Monsoon Asia: A Geographical Suruey. Harry Robinson. Japan Advances: A Geographical Study. Prue Dempster. The Dodecanese: Diversity and Unity in Island Politics. Roger E. Kasperson. YEARBOOKS Pacific Islamds Year Book and Who's Who. Tenth edition. Judy Tudor. (ed.) TRAVEL AND EXPLORATION The Pacific Basin: A History of Its Geographical Exploration. Herman R. Friis(ed.). The Exploration of Western America, 1800–1850: Am Historical Geography. E. W. Gilbert. Cartography Kartografihie in Stichworten. Herbert Wilhelmy. Physical Geography Physical Geography. R. G. Greswell. Quantitative Geography. Part II: Physical and Cartographic Topics. W. L. Garrison and D. F. Marble, (eds.) Landform Studies from Australia and New Guinea. J. N. Jennings and J. A. Mabbutt(eds.) Man and Environment Environmental Perception and Behavior. David Lowenthal(ed.). Economic Geography The Economic Importance of the Coal Industry to Pennsylvania. George H. K. Schenck and JOHN J. Schanz, Jr. The Economics of Irrigation. Colin Clark Agricultural Geography. Leslie Symons. Geography of International Trade. Richard S. Thoman and Edgar C. Conkling. The Spatial Dynamics of U. S. Urban-Industrial Growth, 1800–1914: Interpretive and Theoretical Essays. Allan R. Pred. Political Geography Background to Political Geography. G. R. Crone. The Columbia River Treaty: The Economics of an InternatiomaL River Basin Development. John V. Krutilla. Atlases Kulturgeografisk Atlas, 2: Tekstbind. Johannes Humlum. Sierra Leone im Maps. John I. Clarke, (ed.). The Times Atlas of the World. John Bartholomew(ed.). 相似文献
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ABSTRACTStatistical relationships between weather conditions and the release of snow avalanches in the low-elevation coastal valleys of the northern Gaspé Peninsula are still poorly validated. As such, we explored climate–avalanche relationships through classification tree algorithms applied to tree-ring reconstructions of avalanche events. In order to assess the contribution of local factors on avalanche activity, avalanche regimes on east- and west-facing slopes were analyzed and compared. The results showed that avalanches on east-facing slopes appear to be primarily related to large cumulative snowfall in January, February, and March. On west-facing slopes, avalanches are mainly due to episodic snowfall and warming temperatures. However, both sides of the valleys showed the potential for the release of large avalanches in November and December, which is earlier than expected by the literature. Indeed, the weather variability at that time of the year (temperature oscillation around 0ºC) appears to favor the formation of an early, unstable snowpack and subsequent triggering of avalanches, such as the wet slab avalanche recorded by a time-lapse camera in November 2014. This camera provided a useful insight on the capacities of classification-tree models to link the yearly resolution of tree-ring data with weather triggers at different timescales. 相似文献
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《The Journal of geography》2012,111(3-4):153-168
Abstract This article examines key topics and concepts in the cities and urban land use section of the Advanced Placement human geography course. Among the topics discussed are definitions of urbanism, the origin and evolution of cities, functional character of contemporary cities, the built environment and social space, and responses to urban growth. 相似文献
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Standards-Directed Education: The Good,the Bad,and the Ugly 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
《The Journal of geography》2012,111(6):271-272
Abstract GIS Concepts and ArcGIS Methods, David M. Theobald Fort Collins, CO: Conservations Planning Technologies, 2003. 342 pp. ISBN 0-9679208-2-5 $55.00 (paper) Lies My Teacher Told Me: Everything Your American History Textbook Got Wrong, James W. Loewen New York: A Touchstone Book, Simon &; Schuster. 1995. 383 pp. Figures, references, and index, ISBN: 0684818868. $14.00 (paper). 相似文献
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《The Journal of geography》2012,111(6):289-295
Abstract The Thrifty Geographer Like previous reviews in this series, the eighth Thrifty Geographer examines MS/PC-DOS software that costs less than $51.00. New programs reviewed below deal with one of the staples of geography, maps. We also give an update on an atlas program that was first reviewed in 1992. AUTOMAP EUROPE, Automap Inc., Building C-113, 9831 South 51st Street, Phoenix, AZ 85044. $49.50. AUTOMAP EUROPE, Automap Inc., Building C-l13,9831 South 51st Street, Phoenix, AZ 85044. $49.50. Water Resources Management: In Search of an Environmental Ethic by David Lewis Feldman Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991. 247 pp. The Hispano Homeland by Richard L. Nostrand Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1992. xiv and 281 pp., maps, illustrations, tables, appendixes, index, and bibliography. ISBN 0-8061-2414-8. $29.95. Volcanoes by Rodman Snead Lincoln, Nebraska: National Council for Geographic Education/Great Plains National. 1993. 60 slides, annotations, bibliography. $70.00. 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》2013,65(4):289-295
Books reviewed in this aritcle: Geographical Regions North Carolina: Its Geology and Mineral Resources. Jasper L. Stuckey. Africa in Transition: Geographical Essays. B. W. Hodder and D. R. Harris(eds.). Frer?erne. Aage H. Kampp. Cmnada: A Geographical Interpretation. John Warkentin(ed.) The Tropical World: Its Social and Economic Conditions and Its Future Status. PIerre Gourou TRAVEL AND EXPLORATION Thoreau as World Traveler. John Aldrich Christie. Physical Geography River Plains und Sea Coasts. Richard J. Russell. Selected Pafiers in Soil Formatiom and Classification. J. V. Drew(ed.). Social Geography Southern Africa and the United States. William A. Hance(ed.) Aids to Geographical Study Communist China Map Polio. 相似文献
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Bruno-Charles Busseau Alain Royer Alexandre Roy Alexandre Langlois Florent Domine 《自然地理学》2017,38(2):159-175
AbstractRecent studies have shown that northern vegetation has been growing in relation to a warming climate over the last four decades, especially across the transition zone between tundra and taiga. Shrub growth affects snow properties and the surface energy budget, which must be better studied to quantify shrub-snow-climate feedbacks. The objective of this research is to improve the characterization of the impact of shrubs on snow evolution, from its accumulation to its melt, using in-situ and satellite measurements. The research is presented for the Umiujaq site, Nunavik, representative of the low Arctic–Subarctic transition zone. Snow depth, measured along numerous transects spanning different land cover types is found to increase by a factor 2.5–3 between tundra and forest, while snow density decreases. This illustrates the trapping effect of vegetation well. Complementary, continuous snow depth measurements using weather stations from two sites (tundra with low shrubs and a small clearing with shrubs within the forest) show different site-dependent behaviors. Spatial analysis from high-resolution Pleiades images combined with Landsat (Normalized Difference Snow Index) and MODIS (Fractional Snow Cover) images suggest a slight delay in melt over open and dense forest areas compared to tundra and dense high shrubs. 相似文献
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Yingwei Yan Chen-Chieh Feng Wei Huang Hongchao Fan Yi-Chen Wang Alexander Zipf 《International journal of geographical information science》2020,34(9):1765-1791
ABSTRACT More than 10 years have passed since the coining of the term volunteered geographic information (VGI) in 2007. This article presents the results of a review of the literature concerning VGI. A total of 346 articles published in 24 international refereed journals in GIScience between 2007 and 2017 have been reviewed. The review has uncovered varying levels of popularity of VGI research over space and time, and varying interests in various sources of VGI (e.g. OpenStreetMap) and VGI-related terms (e.g. user-generated content) that point to the multi-perspective nature of VGI. Content-wise, using latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA), this study has extracted 50 specific research topics pertinent to VGI. The 50 topics have been subsequently clustered into 13 intermediate topics and three overarching themes to allow a hierarchical topic review. The overarching VGI research themes include (1) VGI contributions and contributors, (2) main fields applying VGI, and (3) conceptions and envisions. The review of the articles under the three themes has revealed the progress and the points that demand attention regarding the individual topics. This article also discusses the areas that the existing research has not yet adequately explored and proposes an agenda for potential future research endeavors. 相似文献
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Stephen G. Perz 《The Professional geographer》2013,65(1):141-145
John C. Allen and Don A. Dillman. Against all Odds: Rural Community in the Information Age Richard M. Auty. Patterns of Development: Resources, Policy, and Economic Growth David Bell and Gill Valentine, eds. Mapping Desire: Geographies of Sexualities Joseph K. Berry. Spatial Reasoning for Effective GIS Matthew S. Carroll. Community and the Northwestern Logger Kam Wing Chan. Cities with Invisible Walls: Reinterpreting Urbanization in Post-1949 China Nora Federici, Karen Oppenheim Mason and Solvi Sogner, eds. Women's Position and Demographic Change Stephen Graham and Simon Marvin. Telecommunications and the City: Electronic Spaces, Urban Places Costis Hadjimichalis and David Sadler, eds. Europ at the Margins: New Mosaics of Inequality Sally Hardy, Mark Hart, Louis Albrechts and Anastasios Katos, eds. An Enlarged Europe: Regions in Competition Chiao-Min Hsieh and Jean Kan Hsieh. China: A Provincial Atlas Douglas L. Johnson and Laurence A. Lewis. Land Degradation: Creation and Desctruction Mark Luccarelli. Lewis Mumford and the Ecological Region: The Politics of Planning Bruce Mitchell, ed. Resource and Environmental Management in Canada: Addressing Conflict and Uncertainty C. J. L. Murray and A. D. Lopez, eds. Global Comparitive Assessments in the Health Sector: Disease Burden, Expenditures and Information Packages Martin O'Connor. ed. Is Capitalism Sustainable? Political Economy and the Politics of Ecology Harlan J. Onsrud and Gerald Rushton, eds. Sharing Geographic Information Peter Preston and Paul Simpson-Housley, eds. Writing the City: Eden, Babylon and the New Jerusalem N. C. Saxena and Vishwa Ballabh. Farm Forestry in East Asia Alvin Y. So and Stephen W. K. Chiu. East Asia and the World Economy Will D. Swearingen and Abdellatif Bencherifa, eds. the North African Environment at Risk Diane L. Wolf, ed. Feminist Dilemmas in Fieldwork Charles I. Zinser. Outdoor Recreation: United States National Parks, Forests, and Public Lands 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》2013,65(1):48-76
Books reviewed in this aritcle: Africa South of the Sahara. A. T. Grove. Africa's Lamds and Nations. Lucile Carlson. Africa—A New Geographical Survey. A. B. Mountjoy and C. B. Embleton. China: Ageless Land and Countless People. Chiao-Min Hsieh. China: Emerging World Power. Victor P. Petrov. Canada's Changing Geography. R. Louis Gentilcore(ed.) The Southeastern Ulzited States. John Eraser Hart. The Northeastern United States. Lewis M. Alexander. North America: A Geography of Canada and the United States. J. H. Paterson. The lndus Rivers: A Study of the Effects of Partition. Aloys A. Michel. The Drama of Fiji: A Contempordry History. John Wesley Coulter. Cripple Creek. Robert Guilford Taylor. Future Environments of North America. F. Fraser Darling and John P. Milton(eds.). General Geography Introduction to Geography. Henry M. Kendall, Robert M. Glendinning, and Clifford H. Macfadden. A Question of Place: The Development of Geographic Thought. Eric Fischer, Robert Campbell and Elden Miller. Compass of Geography. Jan O. M. Broek. Travel and Exploration Lieutenant Zagoskin's Travels in Russian America, 1842–1844. Henry N. Michael(ed.). One Chilly Siberian Morning. Douglas Botting. Physical Geography General Physical Geography. Pierre Birot. Plants, Animals, and Man in the Outer Leeward Islands, West Indies. David R. Harris. Man's Influence on the Vegetatiola of Barbados, 1627 to 1800. David Watts. Water Research. Allen V. Kneese and Stephen C. Smith(eds.). Geology and Geornorphology of the Coastal Plain of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil and Northern Uruguay. Patrick J. V. Delaney. Problems of Weather Forecasting Ferdinand Steinhauser(ed.). Introductiom a la Geomorphologie Climatique. J. Tricart and A. Cailleux. Physical Geograflhy: Selected Readings. Fred E. Dohrs and Lawrence M. Sommers(eds.). Statistics Quantitative Geography, Part I: Economic and Cultural Topics. W. L. Garrison and D. F. Marble(eds.). Mathematics in the Social Sciences and Other Essays. Richard Stone. Economic Geography Geography and Economics. Michael Chisholm. Geography of Manufacturing. Gunnar Alexandersson. New Viewpoints in Economic Geography: Case Studies from Australia, New Zealand, Malaysia, North America. J. Rutherford, M. I. Logan, G. J. Missen. Essays on Commodity Flows and Spatial Structure of the Indian Economy. Brian J. L. Berry. Shifting Cultivation in Southeastern Asia. J. E. Spencer. Economics of Outdoor Recreation. Marion Clawson and Jack L. Knetsch. Settlement and Urban Geography Die Auszuirkungen eines Eisenbahnknotenpunktes auf die geographische Strukture einer Siedlung-am speziellen Beispiel con Lehrte und ein Vergleich mit Bebra und Olten/Schweiz. Werner Mikus. City and Village in Iran: Settlement and Economy in the Kirman Basin. Paul Ward English. Japanese Colonization in Eastern Paraguay. Norman R. Stewart. Les Transports Parisiens. Pierre Merlin. Geography of Market Centers and Retail Distribution. Brian J. L. Berry. Urban Land-Use in Hong Kong and Kowloon. Part I: Tsim-Sha Tsui District. Chi-Sen Liang. Greater London: An Industrial Geography. J. E. Martin. The American City. Raymond E. Murphy. The Internal Structure of Retail Nucleations. Barry J. Garner. Planning for a Nation of Cities. Sam Bass Warner, Jr., (ed.). Metropolis on the Moue. Jean Gottmann and Robert A. Harper(eds.) Geography of Population Geography of Population. J. Beaujeu-Garnier. Political Geography Systematic Political Geography. Harm J. de Blij. The Northern Tier: Afghatzistan, Iran, and Turkey. Rouhollah K. Ramazini. A Dictionary of Geography: Definitions and Exfilunutiotzs of Ternzs used in Physical Geografihy. W. G. Moore. Physical Naster Plan of the Jerusalem-Ashdod Region. E. Efrat A Catalogue of Latin American Flat Maps, 1926–1964. Palmyra V. M. Monteiro. Atlas of North Carolina. Richard E. Lonsdale. J. Russell Smith: Geographer, Educator, and Conservationist. Virginia M. Rowley. The Geographer's Craft. T. W. Freeman. Geography and History Traces on the Rhodian Shore: Nature and Culture In Western Thoaght From Ancient Times to The End of The Eighteenth Century. Clarence J. Glacken Social and Cultural Geography Languages, Territories and Names of California Indian Tribes. Robert E. Hexer. 相似文献