共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
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针对目前我国养鱼水处理器体积大、易生物堵塞、氨氮或亚硝酸盐氮积累等问题,设计了水族箱与水处理器一体化设备,采用物理过滤+生物降解+活性炭吸附工艺对养鱼水进行处理后循环利用;研究了不同工况条件下,水温、水力停留时间(HRT)、曝气量、曝气频率对养鱼水中三氮(NH4+、NO3-、NO2-)去除效果的影响。实验结果表明:水处理器污泥产量低,不易堵塞;当水温为25℃、曝气量为1.5 L/min、水力停留时间为1.5 h时,采用曝气频率0.5运行,NH4+、NO3-、NO2-皆未检出,即NH4+去除率大于97.5%,NO3-去除率大于96%,NO2-去除率大于98.7%。 相似文献
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吗啉废水的生化处理工艺 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以含有吗啉、甲基吗啉的高浓度有机废水为研究对象,提出了曝气吹脱-吸附-生物处理的联合工艺,并在室内进行了小试实验。结果表明：原废水经过2次曝气吹脱后,ρ(NH3-N)从62 500 mg/L降为431 mg/L,ρ(COD)从50 840 mg/L降为26 051 mg/L。通过吸附实验,ρ(COD)从26 051 mg/L降为2 769 mg/L,ρ(NH3-N)从412 mg/L降为134 mg/L。在生物处理室内小试实验中,采用了活性污泥反应器与曝气生物滤池相结合的处理工艺。在活性污泥反应系统中,当废水pH为7.5、ρ(DO)为4.3 mg/L、水力停留时间为30 h时,COD的去除率最高,可以达到83.1%。在曝气生物滤池中,当ρ(DO)为3.3 mg/L时,COD去除率最高,达到55.8%。在生物处理的最佳参数条件下进行连续监测,当进水ρ(COD)为2 769 mg/L、出水ρ(COD)平均值为387 mg/L时,COD去除率可达到85.9%。吗啉废水经过此联合工艺的处理,ρ(COD)从50 840 mg/L降为387 mg/L。 相似文献
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复合生物反应器处理城市污水的试验研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
为了提高城市污水的处理效率、降低运行成本,进行了复合生物反应器处理城市污水的试验研究,从曝气停留时间、有机负荷率、气水比等3个方面研究了试验运行的最佳条件和控制参数.试验结果表明,利用该工艺方法处理城市污水在有机负荷率高达2.44 kgCOD/kgMLSS*d的条件下,停留时间1.5～2 h,气水比(2.5～3)∶1,可使出水COD去除率达80%以上.该方法强化了混合液的物相传质速率. 相似文献
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RTD对内循环三相生物流化床脱氨氮效率的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用脉冲法刺激响应技术测定了不同流态条件下三相生物流化床的水力停留时间分布(RTD),得到反应器好氧流化区的串联级数近似为1,从而可用全混流反应器(CSTR)模型来研究其动力学特点,通过对比研究,得到在理论停留时间为1.5 h时,反应器的体积利用率达到最优。同时也对比了反应器在各种理论停留时间(HRT)下的脱氨氮效率,发现在水力停留时间为1.5 h时,反应器也具有最佳处理效率,氨氮的脱除率达到90%以上,从而验证了示踪试验的可靠性,并为生化反应器的设计放大与稳定运行提供了宝贵的资料。 相似文献
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水力旋转填料生物接触氧化处理城市污水的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过对中试规模的新型水力旋转填料生物接触氧化法处理城市污水的试验研究,利用新型填料的独特构型,增强反应器的传质性能,探讨了接触氧化池对COD、NH+4-N的去除,及水力停留时间、气水比、温度对处理效果的影响。试验结果表明在水力停留时间为2~2.5h,气水比为(7~8)∶1,进水COD、NH4+-N浓度分别为130.1~366.5mg/L、11.3~19.2mg/L的条件下,两者的平均去除率为75.9%、65.4%,出水COD、NH4+-N浓度均已达到国家二级排放标准;气水比和水力停留时间对接触氧化池处理效果的影响较为明显;低温下接触氧化池对有机物、氨氮的去除仍具有较好的效果。 相似文献
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《矿物学报》2016,(2)
近年来铁氧化物在废水处理及其他环境污染控制领域中的应用得到了广泛关注。本文研究了石英砂和褐铁矿作为填料时的反硝化生物滤池的启动以及在不同水力停留时间下的反硝化脱氮性能。结果表明,褐铁矿为填料的反硝化生物滤池更容易启动并达到稳定状态。维持反硝化生物滤池的运行条件在p H 7.50±0.15和温度22±3℃,进水中的化学需氧量浓度和NO3--N浓度分别为400 mg/L和100 mg/L,当水力停留时间为4 h时,两个反应器中NO3--N的去除率均在99%以上;当HRT缩短为1 h时,以褐铁矿为填料的生物滤池中NO3--N的去除率依然保持在98%以上,而以石英砂为填料的生物滤池中NO3--N的去除率仅为83.25%,并且出水中检测到NO2--N,其最大浓度为0.9 mg/L。实验结果表明褐铁矿是一种良好的反硝化生物滤池填料。 相似文献
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D. F. Juang W. P. Tsai W. K. Liu J. H. Lin 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2008,5(3):305-314
The objective of this study was to evaluate the treatment efficiency of a gravel contact oxidation treatment system which was newly constructed under the riverbed of Nan-men Stream located at the Shin Chu City of Taiwan. The influent and effluent water samples were taken periodically for the analyses of pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, total suspended solids, five-day biological oxygen demand, NH4 +-N. The results showed that the average removal rates of five-day biological oxygen demand, total suspended solids and NH4 +-N were 33.6% (between ?6.7% and 82.1%), 56.3% (between ?83.0% and 93.4%) and 10.7% (between ?13.0% and 83.3%), respectively. The calculated mean first order reaction rate constant for five-day biological oxygen demand was 4.58/day with a standard deviation of 4.07/day and for NH4 +-N was 2.15/day with a standard deviation of 5.68/day. Therefore, it could be said that this gravel-contact-oxidation system could effectively remove biological oxygen demand, total suspended solids, and NH4 +-N in river water at a relatively short hydraulic retention time, although its pollutant treatment efficiency was not quite stable. However, to reach better or more stable treatment efficiency, aeration might sometimes be necessary to increase the dissolved oxygen in influent river water. And, longer hydraulic retention time of the system might also be required to increase NH4 +-N removal efficiency. 相似文献
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Louis R. Bernier 《Environmental Geology》2005,47(5):670-684
The efficiency of serpentinite as an alternative alkalinity generating material for the passive treatment of acid mine drainage (AMD) was assessed in the laboratory. Three series of batch experiments were designed for the passive treatment of a low pH (1.6) AMD synthetic solution containing 2,500 ppm Fe2+, 6,600 ppm SO42–, 10.5 ppm Al, 15 ppm Ni, and traces of Cr, Mn and Cu. The influencing factors studied were: the effect of water/rock ratio, residence time, type of the alkalinity generating material (dolomite, magnesite, marble, serpentinite), and nature of the system (open vs. closed cells). The variations in solution chemistry observed in the open cells indicate that a lower water/rock ratio (0.33 ml/g) was the most efficient for metals removal. The optimal residence time in open cells was 24 h to reach the higher pH values. In the closed cells laboratory setup, synthetic AMD was placed in contact with the various alkaline materials for three different contact times (24, 48, 72 h). The optimal pH was reached after 48 h and did not change appreciably for longer contact time, and the best results for metal removals were obtained with marble and serpentinite. Single treatment efficiency was compared with a successive treatment approach. The most promising results were obtained with a five step treatment: (1) pre-treatment in a closed cell using serpentinite, (2) aeration and settling, (3) treatment in an open cell using marble, (4) final aeration and settling, and (5) filtration with a coarse silica sand. With this configuration, the final pH was 6.5 and pronounced metals depletion was achieved (100% for Al, 99.95% for Fe, 85.7% for Ni). 相似文献
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Influence of dissolved oxygen concentration and aeration time on nitrite accumulation in partial nitrification process 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
X. Guo Ph. D. J. H. Kim Ph.D. S. K. Behera Ph.D. H. S. Park Ph.D. 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2008,5(4):527-534
This study investigated the influence of dissolved oxygen concentration and aeration time on nitrification and nitrite accumulation in an attempt to optimize the recently developed biological-partial-nitritation process for the treatment of strong nitrogen wastewaters. Investigation of dissolved oxygen concentration on ammonium and nitrite oxidation was carried out in a batch reactor. The dissolved oxygen concentration of 0.5 mg O2/L inhibited both ammonium as well as nitrite oxidation, while increase of dissolved oxygen concentration to ～1 mg O2/L increased the ammonium oxidation rate and was comparable to that at higher dissolved oxygen concentrations. Experiments were carried out in a sequencing batch reactor for more than 100 days to investigate the influence of aeration time on nitrite accumulation. The dissolved oxygen concentration was controlled at ～1.0 mg O2/L (in the range of 0.8–1.5 mg/L) during the aeration stage, and volatile suspended solid was maintained at 2.0 g/L while temperature and pH were 30±1°C and 8.3±0.1, respectively. In a typical cycle, complete nitrification occurred at aeration time longer than 6 h. When the aeration time was reduced to 4 h., ～80 % of partial nitritation was achieved. With a further reduction in aeration time to 3 h., nearly 1:1 nitrite/ammonium ratio was yielded. This result revealed that for the reactor design, aeration time determined by feasibility experiments must be considered based on the nitrogen strength in wastewater and biomass concentration in the reactor with dissolved oxygen concentration of ～1.0 mg O2/L for satisfactory partial nitrification with subsequent processes such as anaerobic ammonium oxidation. 相似文献
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鸟粪石结晶法预处理垃圾渗滤液中高浓度氨氮的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用鸟粪石结晶法预处理垃圾渗滤液中的高浓度氨氮,通过单因素实验和正交实验探讨了pH值、添加剂种类、添加剂比例、反应时间4个因素对氨氮去除率的影响,结合反应过程中的经济成本得出鸟粪石结晶法最佳工艺条件为:pH=9,添加剂为MgC12·6H2O和Na2HPO4·12H2O,n(Mg2+):n(NH4+):n(PO43-)=1:1:1,反应时间15min,氨氮去除率达到90.13%,剩余氨氮在300mg/L以下。通过XRD和ESEM分析,沉淀产物为鸟粪石。实验表明鸟粪石结晶法可以有效去除垃圾渗滤液中的高浓度氨氮,为后续使用生物法处理提供条件,也可以弥补矿物吸附法去除氨氮的不足。可将其与生物法、矿物吸附法等方法组合使用,综合处理垃圾渗滤液。 相似文献
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非饱和含黏土砂毛细上升试验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用MP406水分传感器、WM-1负压计和DT80数据记录仪等设备,开发了一套毛细上升试验系统,对非饱和含黏土砂做了3个不同初始含水率的毛细上升试验,得到了试样各个断面的含水率和吸力随时间的变化规律。研究表明：初始含水率对毛细上升高度和上升速度有显著影响,本套系统可测定毛细上升的实际高度,在土样渗透系数未知的情况下可对不同土样测定其毛细上升的最大高度;可根据湿润锋运动速度、土样含水率变化和吸力变化数值,确定非饱和土渗水系数,从而避免了渗透系数确定费时、费力的困难;可由吸力预测试样的渗水系数,只需测定该土的土-水特征曲线或进行吸力量测即可确定出该土在这一吸力下的渗水系数;并拟合出不同初始含水率试样的湿润锋随时间变化规律 相似文献
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固定化酶在高浓度有机废水处理中的应用 总被引：11，自引：2，他引：9
选用硅胶、活性炭、大孔树脂三种载体,在一定条件下用物理吸附法固定蛋白酶,三种载体固定的蛋白酶对含高浓度蛋白质的淀粉黄浆废水进行水解实验,确定水解最佳的pH值范围,并在此条件下研究三种不同载体上固定化酶的活性及其水解规律。结果表明：大孔树脂对蛋白酶的固定效果良好,并对含高浓度蛋白质的废水处理效果最好,其最佳反应pH值为5.5,反应进行0.5 h时酶的催化效果最好,氨基酸产生速度达到30.82 mg/min,且在3h后该速度仅减少3.74 mg/min;6 h时对蛋白质的去除率达到39.93%。 相似文献
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W. Liu H. Ratnaweera 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2017,14(8):1689-1696
Physical online sensors are widely used in wastewater treatment plants. The high costs of acquisition and maintenance as well as the delayed response due to long hydraulic retention times, applications of some physical online sensors are limited. Consequently, studies on developing software sensors have been drawn much attentions these years. Aiming to predict treatment results after water is coagulated, and this paper focuses on developing a software sensor of outlet turbidity for coagulation process. Solution to address the potential non-plug flow conditions in sedimentation tanks is discussed. Model validation results show that the proposed software sensor has 86% of accuracy within the main working range. This paper expresses a novel concept that what the proposed software sensor predicted has been not formed in the coagulation process. Since the software sensor enables to know the treatment results without waiting for long hydraulic retention time of sedimentation tank, it not only shortens the response time of manual dosing control but also serves as a feedback parameter to define optimal dosage for coagulant dosing control systems. 相似文献
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水力压裂是青海共和盆地干热岩地热资源开发的难点技术问题之一。本文基于升级改造的大尺寸真三轴水力压裂物理模拟实验系统模拟干热岩储层高温高压环境,利用青海共和盆地露头岩心进行水力压裂物理模拟实验,揭示干热岩储层水力裂缝的起裂和扩展规律。通过物理模拟实验发现：干热岩储层裂缝起裂可以通过文中提出的起裂模型判断起裂方式和预测起裂压力;水力裂缝在岩石基质中的扩展形态简单,仅沿最大主应力方向延伸;但是水力裂缝会受到岩石中弱面的影响,发生转向沿弱面延伸,形成较复杂的裂缝形态。因此,建议在干热岩储层实际施工中,在天然裂缝发育较丰富的层段开展水力压裂,以实现复杂裂缝网络提取地热能。 相似文献