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1.
《Marine pollution bulletin》2009,58(6-12):425-432
kif7 is a member of the kinesin superfamily members which are molecular motor proteins that move along microtubules in a highly regulated manner through ATP hydrolysis. In this paper, we report on the cloning of the Oryzias melastigma kif7 (omkif7) using primers designed according to the Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) database. The cloned omkif7 has an open reading frame of 3762bp and is deduced to encode a polypeptide of 1254 amino acids that possesses the putative ATP-binding and microtubule-binding motifs in its motor domain at the N-terminal region. We characterized the cloned omkif7 by comparison with the zebrafish kif7. Both omkif7 and zebrafish kif7 are shown to be expressed in all embryonic stages and adult tissues examined with higher expression level in the testis and ovary. Whole-mount in situ hybridization revealed that the expression of omkif7 is ubiquitous during the early stages of embryonic development, but became more restrictive and localized to the brain, fin bud and eye at later development. This study suggested that the brackish O.melastigma can serve as a good seawater model organism for developmental studies by utilizing the resources developed from its close relative of the Japanese medaka. 相似文献
2.
kif7 is a member of the kinesin superfamily members which are molecular motor proteins that move along microtubules in a highly regulated manner through ATP hydrolysis. In this paper, we report on the cloning of the Oryziasmelastigmakif7 (omkif7) using primers designed according to the Japanese medaka (Oryziaslatipes) database. The cloned omkif7 has an open reading frame of 3762bp and is deduced to encode a polypeptide of 1254 amino acids that possesses the putative ATP-binding and microtubule-binding motifs in its motor domain at the N-terminal region. We characterized the cloned omkif7 by comparison with the zebrafish kif7. Both omkif7 and zebrafish kif7 are shown to be expressed in all embryonic stages and adult tissues examined with higher expression level in the testis and ovary. Whole-mount in situ hybridization revealed that the expression of omkif7 is ubiquitous during the early stages of embryonic development, but became more restrictive and localized to the brain, fin bud and eye at later development. This study suggested that the brackish O.melastigma can serve as a good seawater model organism for developmental studies by utilizing the resources developed from its close relative of the Japanese medaka. 相似文献
3.
Kei Nakayama Naomi Sei Yuji Oshima Kosuke Tashiro Yohei Shimasaki Tsuneo Honjo 《Marine pollution bulletin》2008,57(6-12):460
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are known as neurotoxic chemicals and possibly alter animal behavior. We previously reported that PCB-exposure induced abnormal schooling behavior in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). This abnormal behavior might be caused by the functional alteration of central or terminal nervous system. To understand the mechanism(s) of behavioral change by PCB-exposure, we analyzed the gene expression profiles in the brain of medaka exposed to 3,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB126) or a PCB mixture (Kanechlor-400: KC-400) using a cDNA microarray that we constructed. Twelve FLF-II strain medaka (six individuals per treatment) were dietary exposed to PCB126 (0.01 μg/g b.w./day) or KC-400 (1 μg/g b.w./day) for three weeks. For the control, six fish were fed a control diet. After the exposure period, fish were dissected, and the brain samples were collected. The samples from control fish were pooled and used as a common reference in the microarray experiment. Microarray data were normalized by the LOWESS method, and we screened the genes whose expression levels were altered more than 1.5-fold. Gene expression profiling showed 97 down-regulated and 379 up-regulated genes in the brain of medaka exposed to PCB126. KC-400 exposure suppressed 15 genes and induced 266 genes in medaka brain. Among these genes, the expression levels of 7 and 188 genes were commonly down- or up-regulated, respectively in both treatment groups. On the other hand, 31 gene expressions were significantly different between PCB126 and KC-400 treatment groups, and three out of 31 genes were received opposite effects. In addition, the microarray data showed that thyroid hormone-responsive genes were up-regulated by PCB-exposure, which may imply that PCBs or their metabolites mimic thyroid hormone effects in the brain of PCB-exposed medaka. 相似文献
4.
Differential developmental toxicity of naphthoic acid isomers in medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryos 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Michael W. Carney Kyle Erwin Ron Hardman Bonny Yuen David C. Volz David E. Hinton Seth W. Kullman 《Marine pollution bulletin》2008,57(6-12):255
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread persistent pollutants that readily undergo biotic and abiotic conversion to numerous transformation products in rivers, lakes and estuarine sediments. Here we characterize the developmental toxicity of four PAH transformation products each structural isomers of hydroxynaphthoic acid: 1H2NA, 2H1NA, 2H3NA, and 6H2NA. Medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) embryos and eleutheroembryos were used to determine toxicity. A 96-well micro-plate format was used to establish a robust, statistically significant platform for assessment of early life stages. Individual naphthoic acid isomers demonstrated a rank order of toxicity with 1H2NA > 2H1NA > 2H3NA > 6H2NA being more toxic. Abnormalities of circulatory system were most pronounced including pericardial edema and tube heart. To determine if HNA isomers were AhR ligands, spatial-temporal expression and activity of CYP1A was measured via in vivo EROD assessments. qPCR measurement of CYP1A induction proved different between isomers dosed at respective concentrations affecting 50% of exposed individuals (EC50s). In vitro, all ANH isomers transactivated mouse AhR using a medaka CYP1A promoter specific reporter assay. Circulatory abnormalities followed P450 induction and response was consistent with PAH toxicity. A 96-well micro-plates proved suitable as exposure chambers and provided statistically sound evaluations as well as efficient toxicity screens. Our results demonstrate the use of medaka embryos for toxicity analysis thereby achieving REACH objectives for the reduction of adult animal testing in toxicity evaluations. 相似文献
5.
Young-Mi Lee Sung Yeoul Chang Sang-Oun Jung Hee-Seok Kweon Jae-Seong Lee 《Marine pollution bulletin》2005,51(8-12):776
In order to assess its potential as a biomarker of aquatic pollution, an alpha class glutathione S-transferase gene (GSTα gene) was cloned from the small hermaphroditic fish Rivulus marmoratus. The R. marmoratus GSTα gene spanned 1.3 kb, consisting of 6 exons encoding 221 amino acid residues. It showed high similarity to zebrafish GST. We named this R. marmoratus GSTα gene as rm-GSTα. The cDNA of the rm-GSTα gene was also investigated for its phylogeny, tissue-specific and chemical-induced expression. Rm-GSTα was subcloned into a 6 × His-tagged pCR®T7 TOPO TA expression vector to produce the recombinant 6 × His-tagged rm-GST protein. This will be used in future to raise an rm-GSTα antibody for use in the study of phase II metabolism involved in detoxification. We also exposed R. marmoratus to 300 μg/l of 4-nonylphenol in water, and found approximately 4-fold induction of R. marmoratus GSTα mRNA in the treated animals. In this paper, we discuss the characteristics of the R. marmoratus GSTα gene as well as its potential use in relation to environmental pollution. 相似文献
6.
《Marine pollution bulletin》2012,64(5-12):309-317
Oryzias melastigma, also called O. dancena, is becoming a very useful model for estuarine and marine ecotoxicity studies. With O. melastigma being adopted by ILSI Health and Environmental Science Institute (HESI) for embryo toxicity testing, improved knowledge of biomarker based embryonic development becomes especially important for mechanism-based toxicity evaluations. Using whole mount in situ hybridization and immunostaining techniques together with widely used molecular markers, this study describes the molecular development of marine medaka embryos, focusing on the brain, eye, heart, pectoral fin, pancreas, liver, muscle and neuron system. These organs are targets of environmental pollutants that disrupt normal embryonic development in medaka and other fish. 相似文献
7.
C.C. Fong Y.F. Shi W.K. Yu F. Wei J.P. van de Merwe Alice K.Y. Chan R. Ye Doris W.T. Au Rudolf S.S. Wu M.S. Yang 《Marine pollution bulletin》2014
A recent study demonstrated that 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) may have an adverse effect on the reproduction in marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma), but the molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the protein expression profiles of male and female gonads of O. melastigma exposed to dietary BDE-47 at two dosages (0.65 and 1.30 μg/g/day, respectively) for 21 days. Extracted proteins were labeled with iTRAQ and analyzed on a MALDI TOF/TOF analyzer, as results, 133 and 144 unique proteins were identified in testis and ovary, respective, and they exerted dose- and sex-dependent expression patterns. In testis, among the 42 differentially expressed proteins; down-regulation of histone variants and parvalbumins implicated BDE-47 may disrupt the spermatogenesis and induce sterility in fishes. In ovary, 38 proteins were differentially expressed; the elevation of vitellogenins and apolipoprotein A–I expression indicated BDE-47 acts as an estrogen-mimicking compound and led to reproductive impairment in O. melastigma. 相似文献
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9.
Alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (alkyl-PAHs) are the predominant form of PAHs in oil, comprising 85–95% of total PAHs. However, little attention has been paid to these chemicals in ecological risk assessment of marine oil spill. A comparative study of the toxic effects of phenanthrene and retene (7-isopropyl-1-methylphenanthrene, an alkyl-phenanthrene) on the early life stage of marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) was conducted. Results showed that retene was significantly more toxic than phenanthrene, and marine medaka could be more sensitive to retene than some freshwater fishes. Retene had a higher excretion rate than phenanthrene during the larvae stage. Both of compounds resulted in developmental malformation of marine medaka embryos, with phenanthrene affecting on peripheral vascular system and yolk sac, while retene affecting on cardiac tissues. The toxicity of phenanthrene might be mainly related to its anesthetic effects, and that of retene might be related to the CYP1A-mediated toxicity of its metabolites. 相似文献
10.
微囊藻和鱼腥藻是水华蓝藻的两个主要类群,两种藻均可调节自身形态及生理特性来维持快速生长,这也是两个类群蓝藻水华维持的基础.本研究分析了微囊藻(FACHB-905)和鱼腥藻(FACHB-82)生长、形态及叶绿素荧光参数对温度变化的响应,以及生长与特性间的权衡关系.结果显示:该微囊藻细胞直径随温度升高而降低,但是比增长速率维持稳定,表明在高温条件下,其可能通过减小细胞大小的方式维持比增长速率;该鱼腥藻在不同温度下,平均细胞直径和藻丝长度呈现显著变化,高温条件下,其维持较高的比增长速率,但是细胞直径增大,藻丝长度缩短,这可能是其调节自身形态以维持较高比增长速率的方式.该微囊藻和鱼腥藻分别在细胞较大和较小时,藻细胞潜在的光化学效率更高.本研究表明这两种蓝藻可以通过权衡藻细胞形态、生理特性两者与生长速率之间的关系来适应温度的变化以达到自身最佳的生长状态,微囊藻(FACHB-905)通过调节细胞大小和光合活性来维持生长优势,而鱼腥藻(FACHB-82)则通过细胞大小、藻丝长度和光合活性的调节来维持生长优势.本研究的结果有助于提升对于水华蓝藻生长维持机制的认识. 相似文献
11.
河蚬(Corbicula fluminea)对霍甫水丝蚓(Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri)生物扰动的抑制效应 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
近年来太湖局部区域水体富营养化仍有加剧趋势,这可能与底栖动物生物扰动促进沉积物营养盐释放有关.耐污种霍甫水丝蚓(Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri)与常被用于生态修复的河蚬(Corbicula fluminea)均为太湖底栖动物优势种类,本文设计了双因素4组处理(对照组、河蚬组、霍甫水丝蚓组和混合组(霍甫水丝蚓和河蚬))的室外受控实验,研究在太湖2种种群分布交错区,河蚬能否对霍甫水丝蚓的生物扰动产生抑制效应.结果表明:霍甫水丝蚓扰动能显著增加水体总氮、总磷浓度,同时促进浮游植物生长;河蚬通过滤食和生物沉降作用显著降低水体总氮、总磷和悬浮物浓度,抑制浮游植物生长,从而促进了底栖藻类的生长;河蚬对霍甫水丝蚓生物扰动效应有抑制作用. 相似文献
12.
Francesco Ricciardi Valerio Matozzo Maria Gabriella Marin 《Marine pollution bulletin》2008,57(6-12):365
Since it is often difficult to estimate possible adverse effects due to contamination in selected ecosystems, multi-species biomonitoring may provide more information, taking into account different routes of exposure, ecological roles and metabolic capabilities of animals. In this context, we exposed for 7 days the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis and the crab Carcinus aestuarii to 4-nonylphenol (NP), a well-known xenoestrogen. In mussels (0–0.2 mg NP l−1), we measured NP bioaccumulation in soft tissues and vitellogenin (Vg)-like protein levels in digestive glands from both males and females by the alkali-labile phosphate assay (ALP). As no reference data were available for crab exposure, the NP 96-h LC50 value was previously determined. Then, in sublethally exposed (0–1.0 mg NP l−1) male crabs, NP bioaccumulation and Vg levels were measured in hemolymph, gonads and digestive gland. Bioaccumulation of NP increased from 43 to 371 μg g−1 d.w. in mussels, and from 3.6 to 37 μg g−1 d.w. in crabs, depending on the NP concentration in water. Dose-dependent Vg-like protein induction was observed in both species, appearing to be related to NP bioaccumulation, although a partial decrease was recorded at the highest concentration tested. A similar trend was observed in both digestive gland and gonad of exposed crabs; Vg increased to a lesser extent, although significantly, in hemolymph. Results demonstrated that NP induces Vg synthesis both in male and female mussels, as well as in male crabs. On the basis of the responsiveness of both species investigated, a multi-species approach is indicated in biomonitoring programmes. 相似文献
13.
An outdoor experiment testing the effect of water flea (Daphnia longispina) and zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) on physical and chemical water parameters and chlorophyll concentration changes was carried out in 12 containers filled with 150 l of unfiltered water from a lowland reservoir. During the 11 weeks of the experiment, the following physical, chemical and biological measurements were recorded: temperature (°C), oxygen concentration (mg dm−3), pH, conductivity (S cm−1), concentration of phosphate phosphorus (PO4-P) and ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N) (g dm−3), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) (g dm−3), phytoplankton community structure and chlorophyll a concentration (g dm−3). The amount of ammonia ions was the highest in the treatment with zooplankton, while phosphate ions reached the highest values in treatments with zebra mussels. The results confirmed the ability of Daphnia to increase the NH4:PO4 ratio, whereas excretion from zebra mussels resulted in a decrease in both the N:P ratio (ranging from 9 to 13) and the NH4:PO4 ratio in water. In both treatments containing zebra mussels, P-rich water enabled sudden growth of Chlorophyta, resulting in blooms of Hydrodictyon reticulatum after 3–4 weeks of the experiment. Such phenomena were not observed in the control and Daphnia treatments. Our results indicate that zebra mussels, in contrast to Daphnia, may increase the symptoms of water eutrophication and contribute to blooms of expansive phytoplankton species. 相似文献
14.
基于耳石微化学的长江靖江段长颌鲚与短颌鲚生境履历重建 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解长江靖江段两种刀鲚生态型长颌鲚与短颌鲚的生境履历的不同,利用X射线电子探针微区分析技术研究采集自长江靖江江段的长颌鲚和短颌鲚个体耳石的锶和钙微化学特征.定量分析结果显示,短颌鲚个体的耳石锶、钙比值(即Sr/Ca×10~3)稳定在2.00左右,反映了其在纯淡水生活的习性;而长颌鲚的锶、钙比值波动显著,不仅具有对应淡水生活的低值(1.18±0.48~2.11±0.94),还具有对应半咸水生活的高值(3.39±0.60~6.79±1.13),反映了其溯河洄游的生活习性.短颌鲚因在淡水生活,其淡水系数(FC)值均为1.00,2013年和2014年长颌鲚的FC值分别为0.36±0.06和0.50±0.11,证明了长颌鲚与短颌鲚群体间存在差异,而且长颌鲚不同年份群体间也并不相同.长颌鲚和短颌鲚的洄游模式存在显著差异,同时不同年份间的长颌鲚也存在生境履历差异.靖江段长颌鲚资源群可能来自不同出生地起源及生活史背景不同的群体.该江段是两类刀鲚的重要栖息地或洄游通道. 相似文献
15.
蓝藻水华在全球范围频繁暴发,鱼腥藻(Anabaena)水华出现频度仅次于微囊藻(Microcystis)水华,其中的一些鱼腥藻种类能产生多样的藻毒素或异味物质,鱼腥藻水华去除技术的研发备受关注.本研究以从武汉市新洲区土壤中分离筛选到的一株细菌WP为材料,通过分析其生理生化特征及16S r DNA序列对其进行分类地位鉴定,考察了该菌株对真紧密鱼腥藻(Anabaena eucompacta)CHAB 1799的溶藻特性.结果表明,菌株WP与Lysinibacillus fusiformis NRS-350的同源性达到了99.6%,故鉴定WP属于Lysinibacillus属.菌株WP对真紧密鱼腥藻CHAB 1799发生溶藻作用的细菌阈值为6×10~3cfu/ml,其生理状态不会明显影响溶藻效果,且对不同生长时期的藻液均有较强的溶藻作用.该菌株的溶藻方式为间接溶藻.本研究结果丰富了溶藻细菌的资源库,也为治理鱼腥藻水华提供了更多的技术支持. 相似文献
16.
水深是影响浅水湖泊沉水植物生长的主要因素之一.莲座型苦草（Vallisneria natans）和冠层型穗花狐尾藻（Myriophyllum spicatum）是我国长江中下游浅水湖泊中常见的沉水植物种类,二者在形态特征上具有较大的差异.在自然水体中,水深变化对这两种植物的生长以及竞争格局的影响还有待研究.本文设计了3个水深梯度（水深0.5、1.5、2.5 m）,探讨混栽条件下苦草和穗花狐尾藻生长和竞争格局对水深变化的响应.结果显示在实验系统内,中水深（1.5 m）处理组对两种植物的生长均最有利,表现为两种植物的相对生长率和生物量均最高.低水深（0.5 m）处理组苦草的生物量和相对生长率均显著低于高水深（2.5 m）处理组;穗花狐尾藻则相反,高水深对其生长的抑制作用更大.2种沉水植物在高水深胁迫时均表现出地上部分（叶长或茎长）增加,地下部分（根长）减少的形态响应特征.此外,随着水深由高到低,苦草与穗花狐尾藻生物量之比逐渐减小,表明苦草在两种植物中的竞争优势逐渐降低.研究表明湖泊水深变化不仅能够影响沉水植物的丰度,同时还可能会影响沉水植物的群落结构,而在我国浅水湖泊的生态修复实践中,在通过水位调控恢复沉水植物时,调控范围应考虑目标植物（如苦草）的光合特征. 相似文献
17.
长江中下游5个湖泊黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)种群线粒体细胞色素b基因的遗传变异分析 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
对长江中下游5个湖泊的黄颡鱼种群的线粒体DNA细胞色素b基因进行了PCR扩增、测序,获得了955 bp的序列.分析显示,cyt b序列中A+T含量略高于G+C含量,共检测到54个变异位点,60个样本得到37个单倍型,平均单倍型多样性为0.945±0.018,核苷酸多样性为0.00419±0.00043,遗传多样性表现中等.太湖种群与滆湖种群间的遗传距离最远为0.00651,鄱阳湖种群和巢湖种群之间遗传距离最近为0.00375.分子方差分析(AMOVA)表明,群体间遗传分化系数Fst为0.0684,几乎所有变异都来自群体内,群体间遗传分化极小.cyt b序列构建UPGMA系统进化树显示,5个种群没有分化成不同的分枝谱系,种群间存在广泛的基因交流. 相似文献
18.
19.
火烧作为调控因子,对植物群落结构和生态系统功能具有重要影响,但在湖泊湿地中研究较少.通过野外调查取样与实验室分析,探讨火烧对洞庭湖湿地主要群落类型——荻(Miscanthus sacchariflorus)和苔草(Carex brevicuspis)土壤化学性质的影响.结果表明:火烧后,苔草群落土壤硝态氮含量显著减少64.6%,有机质含量增加26.3%;而荻群落土壤与之相反,硝态氮含量增加186.9%,有机质含量减少22.9%.火烧后,苔草群落的全氮、铵态氮、全碳和全磷含量均显著增加,分别增加了75.4%、36.3%、102.7%和76.9%,而荻群落土壤与对照组间无显著差异.总体上,火烧对荻群落土壤养分影响不大,可作为芦苇场的一种管理方式,但火烧促进苔草群落土壤养分释放,有助于苔草群落提前萌芽和生长,并引起牲畜牧食增加. 相似文献