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1.
本文运用流体包裹体岩相学、流体包裹体温度测试、流体包裹体成分分析等方法,讨论了大湖金矿床成矿流体的特征和成矿机理。 相似文献
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胶东是中国最重要的黄金资源基地之一,近年来深部找矿取得重大突破,特别是在三山岛北部海域发现超大型金矿床。深入研究其成矿规律,对于指导今后的找矿勘探意义重大。笔者应用成因矿物学和找矿矿物学理论,选取该矿床的贯通性矿物石英,对其热释光和晶胞参数特征的时空分布规律及与金矿化的关系进行了系统研究。结果表明:(1)石英热释光曲线以中温单峰、肩峰和不对称双峰为特征。主成矿阶段发光曲线出现中温峰和高温峰的双峰,发光强度大;(2)石英热释光峰位温度、发光强度在垂向上的波动变化与矿石金品位套合较好;(3)石英(Δa0/a0)/(Δc0/c0)值的变化范围在1.92~3.30,指示微量元素进入石英的方式以填隙为主;(4)随着成矿阶段由早至晚,石英晶胞参数a0和V0逐渐升高,c0/a0逐渐降低,表明石英的晶胞参数可作为识别其结晶阶段的标识之一;(5)钻孔深部石英热释光峰位温度较高,发光强度波动性较大,峰型呈单峰和肩峰,石英晶胞参数a0、V0仍较大,指示该矿深部仍有较好的找矿前景。 相似文献
4.
The Hadamengou gold deposit is located in the western segment of the northern margin of the North China Craton (NCC). It is hosted by Archean metamorphic rocks of the Wulashan Group. The main ore types include gold-bearing quartz vein type, gold-bearing quartz-potassic feldspar vein type, and gold-bearing altered rock type. Gold mineralization is closely related to K-feldspathization. Hydrogen and oxygen isotope data indicate that ore-forming fluids were dominated by magmatic water mixed with minor meteoric water. Sulfur and lead isotope data indicate that metallogenic materials were mainly supplied by the magmatic and Archean Wulashan Group. The gold mineralization was mainly formed during the Early Indosinian tectonic movement, which drove ore-forming fluids to the favorable depositional environment. The northern margin of the NCC is a prospective area for gold exploration. Gold deposits hosted by or related to alkaline intrusions have become one of the most important mineral exploration targets in northern China. 相似文献
5.
二长石地质温度计在估算乌拉山金矿碱性长石形成温度中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
内蒙古乌拉山金矿田内主要出露晚太古代乌拉山群区域变质岩和规模不一的花岗岩体以及不同时代、不同种类的脉状地质体。含金矿脉中主要矿物共生组合为碱性长石、石英、斜长石、碳酸盐矿物(方解石、白云石)和少量金属硫化物。矿床的显著特征为碱性长石交代作用强烈，碱性长石也广泛产于该地区其他各种类型的岩石中。本文采用电子显微探针分析了共生碱性长石和斜长石的化学成分，并采用三元二长石温度模型估计了碱性长石的平衡温度。结果表明，第一成矿阶段的碱性长石一石英含金矿脉中碱性长石的形成温度为353℃，第二成矿阶段石英含金矿脉中碱性长石的形成温度为281℃，矿脉碱性长石形成压力约为5kbar。这些结果与同类矿石中平衡共生的碳酸盐矿物和云母类矿物的地质温度计估计的形成温度以及共生石英中流体包裹体的均一温度非常一致。因此，乌拉山金矿床形成和富集的温度可估测为260～380℃，压力约为5kbar。此外，应用二长石温度计计算了本地区区域变质片麻岩和花岗岩中碱性长石的平衡温度，所得温度比采用共生铁铝榴石和黑云母温度计估计的温度要低约250℃。这表明共生的铁铝榴石和黑云母的平衡温度可能代表其寄主变质岩变质期温度及寄主花岗岩原生温度，而区域变质岩和花岗岩中的碱性长石在经历了随后多次热液作用后，可能重新平衡再生，这也与前人对乌拉山金矿的矿床地质和同位素研究的结果一致。 相似文献
6.
河南洛宁段河金矿流体包裹体研究和矿床成因 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
河南省洛宁县段河石英脉型金矿主要包括石寨沟和岭东两个矿区,分别由3～4条含金石英脉构成。矿化过程从早到晚包括石英-黄铁矿、石英-多金属硫化物和石英-碳酸盐等3个阶段．其中中阶段金矿化最强,次为早阶段。各阶段石英中流体包裹体以气液两相包裹体为主．次为纯液体包裹体。激光拉曼测试表明,气液两相包裹体的液相为H2O,气相主要为Ho和CO2混合、纯H2O,次为纯CO2;纯液体包裹体为纯H2O。石寨沟矿区包裹体均一温度从早到晚依次为240．9～315．9℃．188．7～304．5℃,137．3～259．3℃：流体盐度变化依次为（6．74～12．85）wt%NaCl．eq,（2．41～8．68）wt％NaCl．eq,（2．24-7．86）wt%NaCl．eq。岭东矿区均一温度从早到晚依次为303．7-343．1℃,251．8-325．4℃,305．7～355．0℃：流体盐度变化依次为（5．11～11．70）wt％NaCl．eq,（2．74-10．11）wt％NaCl．eq,（0．53-6．74）wt％NaCl．eq。两矿区主成矿期流体均为中温、低盐度,早阶段流体为改造热液和变质热液的混合体,含一定量CO2,且流体CO2含量和盐度从早到晚逐渐降低。石寨沟矿区包裹体均一温度逐渐降低,而岭东矿区包裹体均一温度先降后升,加之岭东矿区各阶段成矿温度均高于石寨沟矿区．表明成矿流体系统主要受岩浆热驱动,岭东矿区更靠近岩体,且在晚阶段又有脉动性的岩浆加热．段河金矿区南部存在隐伏岩体。 相似文献
7.
Geology and Origin of the Dongping Alkalic-Type Gold Deposit, Northern Hebei Province, People's Republic of China 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Feng–Jun NIE 《Resource Geology》1998,48(3):139-158
Abstract: The Dongping deposit, located near the center of the northern margin of the north China craton, is one of the largest gold deposits in China. It is spatially, temporally, and genetically associated with the shallowly-emplaced Hercynian Shuiquan-gou alkaline intrusive complex. The complex intrudes high-grade metamorphic rocks of the Archean Sanggan Group along a deep-seated fault zone within the north China craton. Four major ore bodies (Nos. 1, 2, 22, and 70), consisting mainly of a set of en echelon lenses and veins, have been delineated at the Dongping deposit. Hypogene hydrothermal activities can be divided into four periods from early to late including: (1) gold-bearing K–feldspar–quartz stockworks and veins; (2) disseminated sulfide and gold zones; (3) gold-bearing quartz veins, and (4) barren calcite-quartz veins. Individual veins and stockwork systems can be traced along strike for 125 to 600 m and downdip for 100 to 600 m; they range from 0. 5 to 3 m in thickness. The mineralogical composition of the ore in the first three hypogene periods is relatively simple. It is composed of pyrite, galena, sphalerite, magnetite, specularite, chalcopyrite, native gold, electrum, calaverite, and altaite. Gangue minerals include K–feldspar, quartz, sericite, chlorite, epidote, albite, and calcite. Ore grade averages 6 g/t Au, but varies between 4. 14 and 22. 66 g/t Au. Gold is generally fine-grained and not visible in hand specimen. Fluid inclusions in ore-bearing quartz of periods 1, 2, and 3 are CO2–rich, variable salinity (2. 5–21 wt% equiv. NaCl), and have variable homogenization temperatures of 195° to 340°C. Quartz in the gold-bearing K–feldspar–quartz stockworks (period 1), disseminated sulfide and gold zones (period 2), and the gold-bearing quartz veins (period 3) has calculated δ18OH2O values between –1. 7 and 6. 9%, and δ values of fluid inclusion waters between –101 and –66%. All these isotope data of the ore-forming fluids plot between the magmatic fluid field and the meteoric water line. Sulfide minerals disseminated in host rocks show positive δ34S values of 1. 9 to 3. 5%. Pyrite separates from he gold-bearing K–feldspar–quartz stockworks and veins (period 1) have a δ34S range of –4. 3 to 0. 5%, whereas δ34S values of pyrite, chalcopyrite, galena, and sphalerite from the disseminated sul-fide and gold zones (period 2) and the gold-bearing quartz veins (period 3) vary from –5. 3 to –13. 4%. Gold ores are also characterized by relatively radiogenic lead isotope compositions compared to those of the alkaline syenite host rock. The data are interpreted as indicative of a mixing of lead from the alkaline intrusive complex with lead from Archean metamorphic rocks. The combined fluid inclusion measurements, sulfur, oxygen, hydrogen, and lead isotope data, and petrological observations indicate that the Dongping deposit was formed from the mixing of these magmatic fluids with meteoric waters. The deposit is, therefore, believed to be a product of Hercynian alkaline igneous processes within the north China craton. 相似文献
8.
Rare earth element (REE) geochemistry on monomineral has been widely used in various fields of geosciences to reveal the origin
of ore-forming materials and fluid. Quartz are ubiquitous mineral in the Shihu gold deposit that is situated in central shear
zone of mesocenozoic Fuping metamorphic core complex in the middle-northern part of Taihang Mountains. Gold-bearing quartz
veins are their most important industrial orebodies. Rare earth element abundances in quartz from the Shihu gold mine, as
determined by laser ablation-indutively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) analysis, are shown to be sensitive to
identify barren quartz and mineralized quartz. Amounts of REE concentrations in barren quartz and mineralized quartz are 97
× 10−9 and 85 × 10−9, respectively. The average (La/Yb)N and (La/Sm)N ratios for the barren quartz are 0.25 and 0.13, and the ratios for mineralized quartz are 0.28 and 0.19, respectively. There
is a pronounced positive correlation between (La/Yb)N and (La/Sm)N ratios. There is no obvious correlation between REE characteristics and sampling sites. The mineralized quartz show the most
pronounced negative Ce anomalies, whereas weak negative Ce anomalies are typical of barren quartz vein. A negative Eu anomaly
becomes more significant in mineralized quartz than barren quartz. δCe have a broadly positive correlation with δEu. Y/Ho
ratio of barren quartz and mineralized quartz are ranging from 2.14–28.75, and from 1.28–9.92, respectively. The REE characteristics
of quartz indicate that the ore-forming fluids of the gold deposit were derived from the deep fluid and its formation was
dually controlled by Precambrian metamorphic basement and Mesozoic granitoids. The results significantly enhance the usefulness
of quartz in tracing the sources of ore-forming fluid to discuss the genesis of the gold deposit, and as an indicator mineral
in mineral exploration in Taihang mountain region. 相似文献
9.
Fundamental principles of thermoluminescence (TL) and the special role of TL in uranium exploration techniques are given in this paper with examples from Australia illustrating its application.TL can be used in two ways in uranium exploration. The first usage stems from the property of minerals capable of TL, to act as dosimeters accounting for charging of available traps by ionizing radiation. The second usage relates to ionizing radiation interfering with the crystal structure of the host mineral and thereby changing the capability for TL. Studies at the Beverley and Westmoreland uranium deposits utilize this second property.At Beverley a continuous drop in TL intensity is observed upon approaching the orebody with TL intensity at a minimum within the orebody. Recognition of ore type TL glow curves and sensitized (or marginal) TL glow curves within the area surrounding the orebody have enlarged the exploration target beyond that of the orebody and its associated radiometric halo.Traverses examining the variations in glow peak intensities, ratios and temperatures across the Junnagunna orebody at Westmoreland show that the glow peak intensity of the high-temperature glow peak increases, that of the low-temperature peak fluctuates though generally decreases, the high temperature/low-temperature glow peak ratio increases upon approaching the orebody. The high-temperature glow peak temperature is at a minimum within the orebody. Similar variations detected nearby may indicate further potential exploration sites.An example from an unmineralized area at Bremer River has indicated a lack of widespread radiation sensitization indicating the unsuitability of the area for economic uranium accumulation. 相似文献
10.
流体包裹体爆裂法作为一种辅助找矿手段,于20世纪70—80年代曾被前苏联和中国的地质工作者用于找矿勘探实践中,并取得了一定成效。以往许多爆裂法研究表明,矿体所在部位的爆裂强度(频次)较高,而随着远离矿体进入围岩,爆裂频次逐渐降低。一般认为这是由于围绕矿体热液活动强烈和流体包裹体丰度较高所致,因而在矿床(体)及其周围形成蒸发晕正异常。通过对胶西北地区焦家蚀变岩型金矿112线和144线8个钻孔的系统采样和爆裂法测试分析发现,焦家金矿床的花岗岩围岩爆裂曲线具有高的爆裂频次、明显的爆裂峰和高的相变峰,随着围岩蚀变增强,爆裂频次、爆裂峰和相变峰从钾化带经过黄铁绢英岩化带、硅化带到金矿石呈有规律降低,在矿体(化)中心,爆裂频次很低,不显示爆裂峰和相变峰,从而围绕矿体构成蒸发晕负异常。这些爆裂特征,特别是围绕矿体的蒸发晕负异常,对于胶北地区深部金矿找矿勘探具有潜在的应用价值。 相似文献
11.
The Jinshan gold deposit consists of gold-bearing ultramylonite and gold-bearing quartz vein ores.The Rb-Sr isochron age of fluid inclusions in quartz from quartz veins is the same as that of the gold-bearing ultramylonite,suggesting that both the types of ordbodies were fored simultaneously in the Caledonian Period,in the range 406-409Ma,REE patterns and sulfur,lead,carbon.hydrogen and oxygen isotopy data,as well as the composition of fluid inclusion.have shown that the ore-forming fluids were derived from formation water,and the ore-froming materials came from the gold-hosed rocks.The Jinshan gold deposit occurring in a Caledonian brittle-ductile zone in metamorphosed microclastic rocks owes its orgin to Caledonian reworking processes. 相似文献
12.
The Mesozoic Yangzhaiyu lode gold deposit is situated in the southern edge of the North China craton. Gold mineralization
is hosted in Archean amphibolite facies metamorphic rocks, and consists mainly of auriferous quartz veins. Pyrite is the predominant
sulfide mineral, with minor amounts of chalcopyrite, sphalerite, and galena. Based on morphology and paragenesis, there are
three generations of pyrite, termed as first generation (G1), second generation (G2), and third generation (G3). They have
distinct contents, occurrences, and distribution patterns of gold. The coarse-grained, euhedral G1 pyrite contains negligible
to low levels of gold, whereas both invisible and visible gold are present in the fine- to medium-grained G2 pyrite that is
characterized by abundance of microfractures and porosities, forming a foam-like texture. Laser ablation inductively coupled
plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) depth profiles indicate that invisible gold occurs either as solid solution or as nanoparticles
of gold-bearing tellurides in the G2 pyrite. Visible gold is widespread and present as irregular grains and stringers of native
gold mostly along grain boundaries or filling microfractures of pyrite, likely resulting from remobilization of invisible
gold once locked in the G2 pyrite. The G3 pyrite, invariably intergrown with chalcopyrite, sphalerite, and galena, contains
the highest levels of invisible gold. There is a positive correlation between Au, Ag, and Te, indicating that gold occurs
as submicroscopic Au-bearing telluride inclusions in the host minerals. Whenever gold, either invisible or visible, is present,
As is always below or only marginally higher than the detection limit of LA-ICP-MS. This indicates that As played an insignificant
role in gold mineralization. Tellurides are widespread in the auriferous quartz veins, consisting mainly of petzite, calaverite,
hessite, altaite, and tellurobismuthite. Native gold commonly occurs as intergrowths with tellurides. Textural evidence indicates
a precipitation sequence, in a temporal order, of calcaverite, petzite, altaite, tellurobismuthite, and hessite. Little amount
of sulfide phases has been found in association with the tellurides, indicating that tellurides were deposited under low S
fugacity (fS
2
) and/or high Te fugacity (fTe
2
) conditions. The textural relationships, when combined with fluid inclusion microthermometric data of auriferous quartz veins
and tellurides thermodynamic data, permit estimation for logfTe
2
during telluride formation, which are −6.8 to −10.8 at 300°C and −9.6 to −17.6 at 250°C. Available geochronological and geochemical
data suggest that Te was most likely derived from the late Mesozoic magmatic rocks widespread in the Xiaoqinling district
and other parts of the southern North China craton, which were emplaced broadly contemporaneous with gold mineralization at
Yangzhaiyu. This study highlights the role of Te and tellurides as important gold scavengers in As-deficient ore fluids. 相似文献
13.
豫陕小秦岭脉状金矿床三期流体运移成矿作用 总被引：30，自引：27，他引：30
位于豫陕交界处的小秦岭脉状金矿是我国第二大黄金产出集中地。流体包裹体研究表明，脉状金矿床石英及碳酸盐矿物中流体包裹体主要有富CO2包裹体、CO2-H2O包裹体和H2O溶液包裹体等三种类型，各热液阶段形成的脉体内有不同的流体包裹体组合。脉状金矿体的形成经历了三期流体成矿作用，第一期形成乳白色石英大脉，它构成了矿脉的主体，流体的性质为富H2O热液，但无金的成矿；第二期(成矿期)流体为中低盐度CO2-H2O-NaCl热液，它叠加在了石英大脉之上，形成(块状)黄铁矿-浅色石英矿体和(网脉状)多金属硫化物-烟灰色石英矿体，成矿期内热液的温度、压力及流体组成的变化是金沉淀成矿的原因；第三期热液又转成低盐度的富水流体，形成石英-碳酸盐脉体，金矿化微弱。 相似文献
14.
班公湖-怒江成矿带是西藏重要的铜多金属成矿带。嘎拉勒铜金矿床是该成矿带中发现较晚、研究程度较低且具代表性的矽卡岩型铜金矿床,矿石有用组分中金、银的赋存状态研究相对开展的较少,限制了矿床进一步的综合开发利用。作者通过野外地质调查与采样,采用光学显微镜鉴定、扫描电镜观察和X射线能谱仪测试分析等手段和方法,对矿石成分组分做了详细的研究,重点研究了矿床中金、银的赋存状态及主要载金矿物的特征。嘎拉勒铜金矿床金矿物以自然金、银金矿为主,其次为金银矿,可见粒间金、裂隙金及相对较少的包裹金形式,主要的载金矿物为石英、白云石、方解石、金属氧化物、硫化物及自然铋等。银矿物主要以金银系列矿物形式存在,少量自然银与放射性元素共生,此外,还有少量辉银矿。研究成果填补了该矿区金、银赋存状态研究的空白,对矿床的开发、利用有着重要的指示意义。 相似文献
15.
Chao Chen Shuyin Niu Fang Wang Fuxiang Zhang Qinglian Zhang Baojun Ma Aiqun Sun Jianzhen Zhang Yaqi Cao Xiaoqing Zhang 《中国地球化学学报》2018,37(1):80-89
The Shihu gold deposit, located in the middle-south section of the core of the Fuping mantle branch structure, is hosted in the Archean Fuping Group and adjacent to the quartz diorite porphyrite. The gold deposit is the only large gold deposit with reserves of more than 30 tons gold discovered in western Hebei Province so far. In order to constrain the timing of mineralization of this ore deposit, this paper focuses on the isotopic dating of zircon and pyrite. Zircons in gold-bearing quartz veins are magmatic in origin and no hydrothermal zircon has been found in such quartz veins, indicating that zircons were derived from the wall rocks. U–Pb ages of zircons fall mainly in the two domains: 2492 ± 82 and 136 ± 4 Ma, respectively, indicative of the contribution of the Fuping-Group TTG gneiss and Yanshanian igneous rocks, respectively. The Re–Os isotopic compositions of pyrites in the gold-bearing quartz veins yield an isochron age of 127 ± 31 Ma. Combined with other dating results, we suggest that the main metallogenic age of the Shihu gold deposit is 120–127 Ma. 相似文献
16.
冀西北张全庄金矿石英的矿物学特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文较为详尽地研究了张全庄金矿两种主要含矿石英（乳白色和烟灰色石英）的成分特征、气液包裹体成分特征及晶胞参数特征等,对比了两种石英含金性的差异及与上述各特征间的内在联系,在此基础上得出;烟灰色石英与乳白色石英具有不同的矿物学特征;张全庄金矿的成矿溶液为一种弱碱性、Ｎａ＋－Ｃａ２＋－ＳＯ型,属中（深）成、中（高）温热液型矿床． 相似文献
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采用电子探针显微分析(EMPA)和粉末X射线衍射(XRD)分析了采自乌拉山金矿床含金钾长石石英脉、石英脉以及其他类型岩石中的10 0多个钾长石样品的化学成分和结果状态,并采用R和Q模式聚类分析、Spearman等级相关分析方法对实验数据进行了统计分析。结果表明,含金矿脉、岩浆热液脉和蚀变花岗岩中的钾长石为中等到最大微斜长石,其特征为K2 O含量高,但相对而言,Na2 O、CaO和BaO的含量低。其他岩石类型中的钾长石的化学成分和结果状态变化很大,可以从透长石、正长石到微斜长石,其特征为K2 O的含量相对较低,但Na2 O、CaO和BaO的含量相对较高。含金样品中的钾长石通常更富K2 O ,表明金的成矿作用与富钾的热液流体和碱质交代作用有关。乌拉山金矿床的成矿作用分为两个阶段,主要的含金钾长石石英脉中的钾长石富K2 O ,形成温度为30 7～379℃,平均为35 3℃;第二阶段含金石英脉中的钾长石含K2 O较低,形成温度为2 6 0～318℃,平均为2 81℃。这些结果表明成矿流体与岩浆热液作用有关,流体朝温度降低、K2 O含量降低的方向演化,K2 O含量高的热液流体和2 6 0～380℃的形成温度有利于金的成矿作用。 相似文献
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通过化学分析、扫描电镜以及工艺矿物学自动定量分析系统(MLA)等测试方法对河南嵩县下蒿坪金矿进行了系统的工艺矿物学研究,包括原矿化学组成、矿物组成、金的赋存状态、主要载金矿物嵌布特征以及矿物解离特性等。结果表明,该金矿中主要可回收的有价金属为金,其品位为3.75×10-6。该金矿的原矿矿物主要由石英、钾长石、钠长石、黄铁矿和铁白云石组成,此外还有少量的赤铁矿、萤石、白云石以及方解石。原矿中的金主要赋存在黄铁矿中,而黄铁矿大部分以细粒、微细粒形式嵌布在石英和长石颗粒中。原矿中自然金的含量非常少,多以单独的自然金颗粒形式存在。原矿磨至P80=0.074 mm(-0.074 mm粒级含量占80%)时载金矿物黄铁矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿的单体解离度相对较高,有利于通过浮选回收。 相似文献
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笔者对湘西金矿外围(东部)层间石英脉的主要载金矿物——石英进行了含金性评价的矿物学研究,除了石英的标型特征及包裹体评价之外,还着重进行了谱学评价,包括红外光谱(IR)、电子顺磁共振谱(EPR)、热发光光谱(TL)、X射线粉晶衍射谱(XRPD)以及阴极发光光谱(CL)等近代测试新方法,其中运用阴极发光光谱对石英脉含金性进行评价尚属首次,并据总结出的石英脉含金性评价的矿物学标志,预测了外围四个工作小区的成矿远景。 相似文献