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全国地磁测量与地震预测研究 总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2
为研究震磁前兆与地震预测,在华北地区,川滇地区与郯庐断裂带及其附近地区布设了监测网,开展了常规地磁测量,取得了大量的准确可靠的资料,磁测资料的分析研究,获得了有意义的震磁前兆信息,并较好预测了诸如１９７５年Ｍ＝７．３辽宁海域地震等若干地震,今后应当加强地磁测量工作,以推进地震预测研究。 相似文献
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旨地探索研究地震预报而开展的北京地区地磁观测，在震磁前兆研究与地震预测试验方面都获得了可喜的进展，本文分析了１９９０－１９９５年北京及其西部地区的地磁观测资料，研究了地磁异常信息，预测了地震活动趋势，提出了今后应加强监测与研究的区域。 相似文献
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1976年7月28日,河北唐山发生了强烈的唐山地震(M=7.8)。唐山地震前后积累了大量的地磁资料。分析结果表明,唐山地震之前存在地磁场长期、短期与短周期变化的异常。这意味着强烈地震可能伴随相当丰富的震磁信息,地磁方法在中期、短期地震预报中具有良好的应用前景。 为探索震磁前兆,我们做了几个构造磁实验。实验结果显示,地磁变化与密云水库水位变化的关系系数为-(0.28±0.22)nT/m;对于地下核试验,爆炸前后的地磁变化约为1—2nT,在爆炸时刻约为2—3nT。根据实验结果,震磁前兆信息是可以观测到的。 利用我国所观测到的震磁现象资料,综合分析了地磁前兆时间、异常幅度、震中距与地震震级之间的关系。这些关系有助于地磁方法预报地震的研究。 相似文献
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地磁短周期转换函数在地震预报中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
使用琼中地磁台、肇庆地磁台2004—2006年的高精度数字化地磁观测资料,采用地磁短周期转换函数研究方法,系统地分析了琼中、肇庆地磁台周边地区在此期间的地磁异常和地震的对应关系。研究结果表明,在2004年9月17日阳江M_L 5.2地震前,琼中、肇庆地磁台的地磁短周期转换函数A、B,有比较明显的前兆异常。 相似文献
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北京磁测预报地震效能分析 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
北京磁测预报地震是以压磁理论与感应磁效应为物理基础的,应用差值比较、图象演变、快谱幅比、统计参量等方法,分析地磁资料,研究震磁前兆信息,开展地震监测预报工作。以１９９２￣１９９７年期间书面的预报意见为依据,分析了地震预报效能,结果表明,北京磁测的地震监测预报有一定的实际效果与积极作用,今后应当加强震磁前兆的观测研究。 相似文献
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美国地质调查局(USGS)与各有关大学,在美国西部、特别在圣安德列斯断层及其临近地区布设了包括地磁在内的地球物理观测网,用以监测该地区的地震活动。地磁观测资料的分析结果显示:5.2~7.3级地震,在离震中3~50 km的观测点与台站上,得到地磁总强度的变化异常幅度为0.3~6 nT。震磁研究结果表明:某些地震存在震磁前兆信息,因此震磁效应的观测研究是探索地震预测的一种手段。深入分析了2004年9月28日帕克菲尔德6.0级地震前后7个台站的地磁数据,结果表明:该地震的同震震磁效应为-0.4~0.3 nT,这是由压磁机制引起的;而该地震较长时间的震磁异常为-5.0~1.0 nT,该异常与局部地质构造及其活动、应力变化状况、地下介质的电磁性质等因素有关。 相似文献
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本文介绍了江苏地区地磁(F、Z)观测台网的情况。对台网观测资料的精度进行了讨论。最后,为了探索与研究震磁关系,作者对以下问题阐述了自己的看法: 1、为捕捉地震前磁异常,有必要在地震监视地区建立简易的、长期的、密集的地磁台网; 2、在中低纬度地区应重视地磁垂直分量(Z)观测。 相似文献
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震磁前兆观测研究的进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文简要地评述了唐山地震(1976,M=7.8)等地震的震磁前兆观测研究结果、地下核爆炸前后的地磁变化状况、密云水库的构造磁实验,以及震磁前兆与地震的统计关系,为今后的深入研究提供参考。 相似文献
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In this paper, the changes in sediment transport over 51 years from 1955 to 2006 in the Kuye River in the Loess Plateau in China are assessed. Key factors affecting sediment yield and sediment transport, such as precipitation depth, discharge, and human activities are studied. To investigate the changes in sediment yield in this watershed, a trend analysis on sediment concentration, precipitation depth, and discharge is conducted. Precipitation depths at 2 Climate Stations （CSs）, as well as discharge and sediment transport at 3 Gauging Stations （GSs） are used to assess the features of sediment transport in the Kuye River. The rtmoff modulus （defined as the annual average discharge per unit area, L/（s·km^2）） and the sediment transport modulus （defined as the annual suspended sediment transport per unit area, t/（yr km^2）） are introduced in this study to assess the changes in runoff and sediment yield for this watershed. The results show that the highest average monthly discharge during the study period in the Kuye River is 66.23 m^3/s in August with an average monthly sediment concentration of 88.9 kg/m^3. However, the highest average monthly sediment concentration during the study period in the Kuye River is 125.34 kg/m^3 and occurs in July, which has an average discharge of 42.6 m^3/s that is much less than the average monthly discharge in August. It is found that both the runoff modulus and sediment transport modulus at Wenjiachuan GS on the Kuye River has a clear downward trend. During the summer season from July to August, the sediment transport modulus at Wenjiachuan GS is much higher than those at Toudaoguai and Longmen GSs on the Yellow River. The easily erodible loess in the Kuye River watershed and the sparse vegetation are responsible for the extremely high sediment yield from the Kuye River watershed. The analyses of the grain size distribution of suspended load in the Kuye River are presented. The average monthly median grain size of suspended load in the Kuye River is largest in February and then decreases until June. In July, the average monthly median grain size of suspended load approaches another peak and decreases until September. Then, the median grain size of suspended load starts to increase until February of the following year. However, the average monthly median grain size of suspended load in the Yellow River at Toudaoguai and Longmen GSs is the smallest between early summer and late fall The median grain size in the Yellow River starts to increase in November and approaches the largest size in January. 相似文献
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Observations of trace gases (SO2, NH3, NO2 and O3) were made during the period 1981 to 1984 at 6 different locations representative of urban industrial, urban, nonurban, thermal power plant and marine environment. Diurnal variations of the trace gases were studied in an urban environment. Except in the urban industrial environment, the concentration of NH3 was found in the range of background values. Also, the average concentrations of NO2 and O3 at the different environments were in the order of background values. However, the concentrations of SO2 were substantially higher by about 7 times, in urban industrial and thermal power plant environments. The diurnal variations of SO2, NH3 and NO2 showed anitphase relationship with surface temperature at the urban environment station which is relatively free of industrial pollution. Discussion is centred on trace gas variations in different environments in India together with the values reported for various countries in the world. 相似文献
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3He/4He ratios up to 3.5 times the ratio of atmospheric He were found in groundwater samples. The3He enrichment can be attributed to radiogenic3He produced by in-situ beta-decay of3H. This shows that tritiogenic3He is accumulating in confined waters. From tritiogenic3He and3H concentrations, ages of groundwaters can be calculated. Detection of tritiogenic3He gives a tool to trace a tritium contamination which occurred in the past and cannot be assessed only by the3H counting method. 相似文献
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Ingvar B. Fridleifsson 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1978,117(1-2):242-252
In an active spreading area like Iceland, where the regional geothermal gradient is in the range 50–150°C/km, it is normally not a problem to find high enough temperature with deep drilling, but the difficulties arise with finding permeable layers at depth within the strata. Various volcanological methods can be applied in the search for aquifers and geothermal reservoir rocks. The flow pattern (as deduced from deuterium studies) indicates that the thermal water flows preferentially along high porosity stratiform horizons and dyke swarms from the recharge areas in the highlands to the hot spring areas in the lowlands. The primary porosity of the volcanic strata is dependent on the chemical composition and the mode of eruption of the volcanic units. Both the reservoir rocks and the flow channels forming the geothermal plumbing system are thought to vary from the Tertiary to the Quaternary provinces due to environmental conditions at the eruptive sites. 相似文献
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The aim of this study is to estimate likely changes in flood indices under a future climate and to assess the uncertainty in these estimates for selected catchments in Poland. Precipitation and temperature time series from climate simulations from the EURO-CORDEX initiative for the periods 1971–2000, 2021–2050 and 2071–2100 following the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 emission scenarios have been used to produce hydrological simulations based on the HBV hydrological model. As the climate model outputs for Poland are highly biased, post processing in the form of bias correction was first performed so that the climate time series could be applied in hydrological simulations at a catchment-scale. The results indicate that bias correction significantly improves flow simulations and estimated flood indices based on comparisons with simulations from observed climate data for the control period. The estimated changes in the mean annual flood and in flood quantiles under a future climate indicate a large spread in the estimates both within and between the catchments. An ANOVA analysis was used to assess the relative contributions of the 2 emission scenarios, the 7 climate models and the 4 bias correction methods to the total spread in the projected changes in extreme river flow indices for each catchment. The analysis indicates that the differences between climate models generally make the largest contribution to the spread in the ensemble of the three factors considered. The results for bias corrected data show small differences between the four bias correction methods considered, and, in contrast with the results for uncorrected simulations, project increases in flood indices for most catchments under a future climate. 相似文献
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This paper briefly summarizes the works in the processing of strong ground motion data, the factors affecting strong ground motion, the modeling of strong ground motion and the calculating of broad-band response spectrum which have been done recent years by engineering seismologists and seismologists of China. In addition, we think back to the international cooperation in strong ground motion of the recent years and make some expectations for the future. 相似文献
