共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 20 毫秒
1.
2.
YU Guirui CHEN Zhi ZHANG Leiming PENG Changhui CHEN Jingming PIAO Shilong ZHANG Yangjian NIU Shuli WANG Qiufeng LUO Yiqi CIAIS Philippe BALDOCCHI D. Dennis 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2017,8(2):115-120
As the Earth entering into the Anthropocene, global sustainable development requires ecological research to evolve into the large-scale, quantitative, and predictive era. It necessitates a revolution of ecological observation technology and a long-term accumulation of scientific data. The ecosystem flux tower observation technology is the right one to meet this requirement. However, the unique advantages and potential values of global-scale flux tower observation are still not fully appreciated. Reviewing the development history of global meteorological observation and its scientific contributions to the society, we can get an important enlightenment to re-cognize the scientific mission of flux observation. 相似文献
3.
《The Professional geographer》2012,64(1):37-53
The professional organizations to which geographers belong and by which they are represented have a civic duty and ethical responsibility to educate their members about mental health issues in their professions and, by default, their work environments. And yet national-level professional associations in North America are lagging behind universities in adopting initiatives, commissioning reports, and looking into best practices around the mental health of their members. A survey of the Web sites of sixty-six professional associations in the social sciences, geographical sciences, and humanities in the United States and Canada reveals an uneven presence of attention to mental health issues in terms of their members’ research on mental health issues, awareness of mental health as a professional development issue, and engagement in mental health advocacy and public outreach. In this article, we explore how geography’s professional organizations compare to others with respect to these issues and suggest ways in which they can develop their own mental health protocols to address the crisis of mental health in the academy. Key Words: Academic professional associations, American Association of Geographers, Canadian Association of Geographers, mental health, mental health practices and policies. 相似文献
4.
21世纪人地关系研究前瞻 总被引：56，自引：8，他引：56
人地关系包括人对自然的依赖性和人的能动地位 ,人与自然关系的内涵随着人类社会的发展而发生变化。人地关系研究是近代地理学发展的基础 ,地理学中流行的环境决定论、可能论、文化景观学和人类生态学等都是聚焦于人地关系研究的不同学派。地球系统科学领域的研究重心是揭示人与自然的相互作用及所应采取的对策。信息时代人地关系的特征与工业时代有较大差别。人与自然的作用方式和强度将有显著不同 ,人类将全面系统地深化对自然的认识 ,人类活动空间将发生巨大变化 ,时空观念正在发生转变。知识与科技的作用 ,正成为社会经济发展的主要驱动力。由于地球的整体性和地球各圈层的相互作用 ,许多全球环境问题成为世界各国和社会公众关切的热点。人地关系研究的重要前沿领域包括 :全球环境变化及其区域响应 ,区域可持续发展及人地关系机理调控 ,社会生态与环境伦理研究与体系构建 相似文献
5.
《Urban geography》2013,34(2):208-227
Theories of place have yet to be developed to explore societal responses to terrorism in the post-9/11 city. Urban geographers have shown the relevance of place for understanding the way people live in cities, including conceptualizations of the way people perceive those places. Geographers working on environmental risk have also conceptualized perception, but only in regard to hazard perception. They have not focused on the city itself as a hazard site, nor have they studied how the contours of place affect hazard perception. Joining urban geography and risk-hazards scholarship, this study argues for a terrorism-place nexus that links terrorism hazard perception to urban place. Using survey and interview data collected from 79 financial service executives in New York City, it will be shown that terrorism has created a place-based ontological dissonance among financial executives, and we speculate about the implications for the city should these workers restore ontological order by moving away their establishments. 相似文献
6.
论全球化背景下我国“数字地球”发展战略的机遇 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
中国是一个地域大国和人口大国 ,是世界发展中国家对于环境变化历史记录最好的国家之一。数字地球在中国有广阔的发展前景和发展机遇。作者在对比了中外在数字地球领域的主要成就的基础上 ,提出在“十五”期间发展我国数字地球的几点意见. 相似文献
7.
MIKE HULME 《The Geographical journal》2008,174(1):5-16
We are living in a climate of fear about our future climate. The language of the public discourse around global warming routinely uses a repertoire which includes words such as 'catastrophe', 'terror', 'danger', 'extinction' and 'collapse'. To help make sense of this phenomenon the story of the complex relationships between climates and cultures in different times and in different places is in urgent need of telling. If we can understand from the past something of this complex interweaving of our ideas of climate with their physical and cultural settings we may be better placed to prepare for different configurations of this relationship in the future. This paper examines two earlier European discourses of fear associated with climate – one from the early-modern era (climate as judgement) and one from the modern era (climate as pathology) – and traces the ways in which these discourses formed and dissolved within a specific cultural matrix. The contemporary discourse of fear about future climate change (climate as catastrophe) is summarised and some ways in which this discourse, too, might be dissolved are examined. Conventional attempts at conquering the climatic future all rely, implicitly or explicitly, upon ideas of control and mastery, whether of the planet, of global governance or of individual and collective behaviour. These attempts at 'engineering' future climate seem a degree utopian and brash. Understanding the cultural dimensions of climate discourses offers a different way of thinking about how we navigate the climatic future. However our contemporary climatic fears have emerged – as linked, for example, to neoliberal globalism, to ecological modernisation and the emergence of a risk society, or to a deeper instinctive human anxiety about the future – they will in the end be dissipated, re-configured or transformed as a function of cultural change. 相似文献
8.
耦合魔方——一个分析人地系统耦合机理的多维框架 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Understanding the interactions between humans and nature in the Anthropocene is central to the quest for both human wellbeing and global sustainability.However,the time-space compression,long range interactions,and reconstruction of socio-economic structures at the global scale all pose great challenges to the traditional analytical frameworks of human-nature systems.In this paper,we extend the connotation of coupled human and natural systems(CHANS)and their four dimensions—space,time,appearance,and organization,and propose a novel framework:“Coupled Human and Natural Cube”(CHNC)to explain the coupling mechanism between humans and the natural environment.Our proposition is inspired by theories based on the human-earth areal system,telecoupling framework,planetary urbanization,and perspectives from complexity science.We systematically introduce the concept,connotation,evolution rules,and analytical dimensions of the CHNC.Notably there exist various“coupling lines”in the CHNC,connecting different systems and elements at multiple scales and forming a large,nested,interconnected,organic system.The rotation of the CHNC represents spatiotemporal nonlinear fluctuations in CHANS in different regions.As a system continually exchanges energy with the environment,a critical phase transition occurs when fluctuations reach a certain threshold,leading to emergent behavior of the system.The CHNC has four dimensions—pericoupling and telecoupling,syncoupling and lagcoupling,apparent coupling and hidden coupling,and intra-organization coupling and inter-organizational coupling.We mainly focus on the theoretical connotation,research methods,and typical cases of telecoupling,lagcoupling,hidden coupling,and inter-organizational coupling,and put forward a human-nature coupling matrix to integrate multiple dimensions.In summary,the CHNC provides a more comprehensive and systematic research paradigm for understanding the evolution and coupling mechanism of the human-nature system,which expands the analytical dimension of CHANS.The CHNC also provides a theoretical support for formulating regional,sustainable development policies for human wellbeing. 相似文献
9.
现代地理学强调过程与演变的研究,在定量研究方面取得了显著的进步。但在热衷于建立各种模型时,地理学的特点或性质却被忽视,这在国内尤其明显。认识地理学的本质特点,对于学习地理学、发展地理学科和从事地理学研究非常重要。地理学的特点可概括为4方面:即地理学是“研究行星地球表面的科学”、“研究关系的科学”、“强调位置的科学”和“考察分布的科学”。这4个方面缺少任何一方,都不能反映有别于其他任何学科的地理学自身的特点。 相似文献
10.
George P. Malanson 《自然地理学》2014,35(1):50-75
Biogeography has many connections to people but fewer to human geography. Biogeography is connected to the four dimensions of anthropogenic global change, but most of this research is tied to land-use change. Biogeographers have studied several ways in which land use affects the patterns and dynamics of organisms, mostly in reference to remnants of habitat destruction, but the human dimensions of this relationship are more explicit in changing habitat quality. How biogeography affects land use is also studied, but research on topics such as ecosystem services needs more contributions from geographers. Feedbacks between people and the other organisms with which we live, with more fully linked models, are a general subject in which biogeographers can contribute to progress in the human dimensions of global change. 相似文献
11.
试论地貌学的新进展和趋势 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
地貌变化有内在的规律,对环境保育、资源利用和自然灾害防治有重要影响。作为交叉学科和地理学的重要分支学科,地貌学具有重要理论价值和实际意义。过去10多年来,随着遥感、地理信息技术和沉积物定年、地球物理和地球化学探测以及数值模拟等新技术和新方法的应用,地貌学家的研究视野和深度不断扩大与加深,在构造地貌、气候地貌和人类活动与地貌过程等传统领域有很多新进展,揭示了不同地貌单元的变化规律和机理,极大地推动了地貌学的发展。在新时代,除了继续加强传统地貌单元的深入研究外,地貌学的发展应与全球环境变化和未来地球等重大科学问题(计划)紧密结合;地貌学家要关心人类活动对地貌过程的影响及适应,并利用新技术开展地貌过程的定量重建和数值模拟。同时加强地理学专业学生的地质学基础学习、发展定量地貌学和行星地貌学、系统开展人类活动对地貌过程的影响和适应研究,是提升中国地貌学水平的途径,也可为推动国际地貌学发展做出贡献。 相似文献
12.
This report analyses a decade of geography scholarship student entry and achievement data (n = 10,205) to reveal patterns and trends of high‐achieving school students. The study is an exploratory analysis, the aim of which is to describe where the greatest scholarship success has occurred, as well as attendant demographic characteristics of New Zealand's most capable geography students and their schools. Emerging from the regions is a localised story of students from an extremely narrow number of schools achieving disproportionate scholarship success. This raises questions in the wider geography teaching community about the possibility of a broader constituency achieving scholarship awards. 相似文献
13.
西方经济地理学之演变及海峡两岸地理学者应有的认识 总被引：14，自引：1，他引：13
近半个世纪以来 ,西方主流经济地理学产生了巨大的变革。除了受到世界性生产制度及新科技发展之影响外 ,其学术思潮也从早期的叙述性及二战后的科学的预测性 ,经历了制度转向及文化转向 ,进入了 80年代以后的新经济地理学时期。西方主流经济地理学理论的开展 ,是以先进的资本主义社会为基础的 ,在发展中国家不是全然适用。我们不应将中国大陆及台湾仅仅视为测试西方理论的试验场。应以实况为基础 ,开发适合国情的理论 ,建立我们特有的学术身份 ,并用它来批判主流理论之不足 ,与主流对话 ,变成主流的一部分。这应是我们学术国际化的主要目标。 相似文献
14.
State Geography Standards in 2004 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
《The Journal of geography》2012,111(4):182-184
Abstract National Geography Standards for the middle school years generally stress the teaching of latitude and longitude. There are many creative ways to explain the great grid that encircles our planet, but the author has found that students in his college-level geography courses especially enjoy human-interest stories associated with lines of latitude and longitude. In particular, certain nautical “rites of passage” and GPS-enabled adventure show how some people identify with these imaginary lines as places to celebrate and explore. The author contends that humanizing this global geometry enhances student understanding and appreciation at any grade level. 相似文献
15.
末次冰期-间冰期蒙古高原与黄土高原对全球变化的重要贡献 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
地球环境-气候系统的长周期变化是随日-地相对位置的周期性变化而变化的。但是仍有15%~20%的长周期变化没有得到解释。至于中短周期变化的机制,目前的解释仍然是众说纷纭。与北美冰盖动力相关的北大西洋洋面温度一直被认为是这些中短周期变化的调控仪。然而,赤道太平洋的长周期厄尔尼诺波动被表明是更为有效的调控仪。由于海洋研究的优势地位,陆地的相关研究近20~30 a来没有得到足够的重视。实际上,陆地下垫面控制的反射率的变化可能更有效地改变地球表面的能量平衡,从而导致全球性的变化。中亚的干旱、半干旱区范围的时空变化及其对大气粉尘的贡献很可能在中短周期的全球变化中起着举足轻重的作用,因为该区的南界和北界的变幅可达300~500 km。更为重要的是,作为地球上最有效的向大气输送粉尘的源区,蒙古高原和黄土高原可能很大程度地调控着大气中的CO2含量,因此全球的温度也受到了调控。这个思路的逻辑是:干旱、半干旱区向大气输送含铁粉尘,此粉尘沉积于海洋;这些含铁粉尘控制着浅海的铁化肥供给。铁化肥的供给又控制着浅水中的固氮过程。固氮过程又控制着浅海的植物生产量。植物生产量通过储存碳和沉积碳(碳酸钙)来控制大气中的CO2。 相似文献
16.
Abstract: Current curriculum developments will provide a new framework for the teaching of social sciences, including geography, in New Zealand secondary schools. This article outlines recent challenges faced by the subject, and the development and likely nature of the new curriculum. Some ways in which teachers can plan and implement innovative programmes within the framework of the existing syllabus and the new curriculum are suggested. 相似文献
17.
18.
《The Journal of geography》2012,111(4):159-165
Abstract Foreign travel for secondary school teachers is beneficial for enhancement of classroom curriculum. The dual nature of the U.S. Navy-National Geographic co-sponsored trips is key to enriching the global geography perspective in the classroom. A travel study to Japan provides in-service benefit for teacher peers and community groups by enhancing geography through the link between the natural and social sciences. 相似文献
19.
Jan Nijman 《The Professional geographer》1992,44(1):1-3
The end of the Cold War is marked by dramatic events like the reunification of Germany and the crisis of the continued existence of the Soviet Union. The current changes alter the fundamental building-blocks of global international order and can be thought of as constituting a geopolitical transition. This collection of essays resulted from a panel discussion held at the annual meeting of the Association of American Geographers in Miami in April 1991. The seven essays present the views of the panel participants on the current geopolitical transition and their expectations about the nature of the new world order. 相似文献
20.
MATTHEW LIESCH 《Geographical review》2011,101(4):497-517
Geographers have a long tradition of using photographs to investigate landscape meaning. I conducted photo‐elicitation research with community members residing in and around one of the National Park Service (nps ) “partnership parks” in order to obtain their conceptions of the park. The nps partners with myriad groups in order to manage the park, resulting in mostly privatized amenities at Michigan's Keweenaw National Historical Park. Participants in my study took photographs of landscapes and used them to discuss their conceptions of the park. Building upon recent scholarship on the perceptions of parks and place attachment in parks, the photo‐elicitation revealed a strikingly complex array of understandings. Social class, not whether one lived within or outside the park's boundaries, was the most important variable in categorizing perceptions of the park. These data help us understand how community members conceive of partnership parks and thus may help inform nps decision making. 相似文献