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针对海洋重力测量误差主要来源于重力仪的不稳定性和厄特弗斯(Etvs)效应的问题,该文提出一种与航迹线拟合和卡尔曼滤波等传统方法相比更为灵活的一种误差压制方法,通过经验模态分解(EMD)结合信号的频谱进行分频段滤波。模型实验结果显示,利用EMD去噪后的信号误差平均值为0.54%;经EMD处理后的实际船测重力测线交点差相比原始数据降低了66%~87%,其最小值为0.82mGal,最大值为2.08mGal。该文表明,EMD方法能够明显提高海洋重力的Etvs改正精度。 相似文献
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低轨道地球卫星(LEO)的精度直接影响到LEO卫星的应用领域,因此研究合适的模型提高LEO卫星轨道插值/预报精度是一项很有意义且必要的工作. 本文详细研究了滑动切比雪夫多项式、克里金算法在不同类型LEO轨道的拟合、预报精度. 结果表明:采用合适的拟合策略,两种算法均能获得毫米级的插值精度;相较于滑动切比雪夫多项式,克里金算法拟合轨道的空间误差分布更为集中,未随着历元变化出现大幅波动. 克里金算法预报轨道的精度低于滑动切比雪夫多项式;采用克里金算法预报60 s,各颗LEO卫星轨道预报的精度在1~2.5 m;采用滑动切比雪夫多项式预报120 s,各颗LEO卫星可获得优于5 m的轨道精度. 相似文献
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国际GNSS服务(IGS)精密星历每隔15 min提供一次卫星坐标,为了提高定位精度,往往需要获取任意时刻的卫星位置. 对IGS精密星历进行插值和拟合是获得连续历元卫星坐标常用的方法. 运用改进的勒让德多项式算法拟合卫星轨道坐标,并与常规算法进行比较,结果表明:常规算法仅在拟合阶数较低时能保持较高的精度. 在拟合时段为6 h时,LU分解 (LU Decomposition) 法与奇异值分解(SVD)法对奇异矩阵求解时均能保持较高的精度,而在拟合时段为12 h时,SVD分解法是对条件数较低的矩阵 B 进行分解求得多项式系数矩阵 C ,从而避免了病态矩阵产生的误差,因此仍能保持较高的精度. 在高阶拟合时,SVD分解法无论是在精度还是稳定性方面均优于LU分解法和常规算法,优势明显. 相似文献
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针对室内环境下的5G定位需求,提出了利用神经网络算法对粗略定位结果进行优化的方法,减小了多径、非视距传播造成的定位误差,改善了结果域的定位精度. 优化算法利用测距定位中的到达时间(TOA)定位法和到达时间差(TDOA)定位法获得粗略定位结果,分别结合BP神经网络、Elman神经网络及通过遗传算法(GA)优化后的GA-BP神经网络、GA-Elman神经网络共利用4种神经网络进行训练,得到修正后的精确定位结果,并对4种神经网络算法进行了分析与评估. Elman算法相较于BP算法具有迭代收敛快、迭代次数少、误差改正好的特点,更适合5G定位结果域的优化;融入 GA 后结果精度均有所提高,其中GA-Elman算法能够训练得到最好的定位结果. 相似文献
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北斗三号全球卫星导航系统(BDS-3) B2b信号是由3颗地球同步轨道(GEO)卫星播发改正信号组成，可为用户提供公开、免费的高精度服务，对北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)在国土测绘、海洋测绘以及桥梁建筑物健康监测等领域的高精度应用具有重要意义. BDS-3 B2b信号的精度评估是实现其高精度应用的重要环节.首先利用BDS-3 B2b信号改正广播星历产品，并获得改正后的精密轨道和钟差产品.然后，以武汉大学国际GNSS服务(IGS)分析中心提供的事后精密产品(WUM)为参考，评估了由B2b信号改正后的精密轨道和钟差产品的精度.结果表明:改正后北斗卫星轨道的径向(R)、切向(A)、法向(C)误差的均方根(RMS)分别为6.26 cm、24.21 cm、21.79 cm，钟差差值的标准差(STD)均值为0.33 ns.最后，利用改正后的精密轨道和钟差产品进行精密单点定位(PPP)验证，结果表明:PPP定位东(E)、北(N)、天顶(U)方向精度分别为0.06 m、0.05 m、0.13 m.说明广播星历通过B2b改正后的精密轨道和钟差产品与IGS事后精密产品精度相当，可满足单站实时高精度定位与导航的... 相似文献
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《现代测绘》2021,(2)
在河道水深测量作业中,测船姿态的变化将引起水深测量的测深误差和回波水深点的位置误差,在水深变化较大的复杂水域,这种误差将较大地影响测量精度。为提高使用河道水深测量的精度与可靠性,需在采用合适的模型进行测深改正和回波水深点的位置改正。考虑到河道水域水下水深变化的特点和水深测线布置的特性,提出了"相对纵摇"和"相对横摇"的概念,采用简单的计算模型即可以有效地减弱波束角效应与测船姿态耦合效应在河道陡坡水域测量中的影响。实例表明,基于波束角和姿态耦合效应计算出的测量成果比不考虑姿态和波束角改正或仅考虑姿态改正情况下,陡坡位置的综合精度分别提高了30%和20%左右。 相似文献
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《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2020,(4)
针对北斗导航与广域差分服务分区综合改正数缺失和切换造成的用户端定位精度恶化和重新收敛,提出一种同时适用于系统端改正数生成和用户端定位的分区综合改正数拟合算法。通过多个临近分区的分区综合改正数与待拟合分区的改正信息之间的双差残差对待拟合分区综合改正数进行拟合,可有效填补分区综合改正数的中断弧段。利用MGEX(Multi-GNSS Experiment)监测站的数据对拟合出的分区改正参数进行定位效果评估。采用拟合分区综合改正数进行动态定位,定位精度能达到水平0.20 m,高程0.44 m,较使用原始分区综合改正数精度仅降低8%左右,但能够有效保持定位结果的连续性和精度,在提高系统服务完整性及用户定位结果的可靠性方面具有积极意义。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(3):175-193
The hypermap concept was introduced in 1992 as a way to hyperlink geospatial features to text, multimedia or other geospatial features. Since then, the concept has been used in several applications, although it has been found to have some limitations. On the other hand, Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIs) adopt diverse and heterogeneous service oriented architectures (SOAs). They are developed by different standard bodies and are generally disconnected from mass market web solutions. This work expands the hypermap concept to overcome its limitations and harmonise it with geospatial resource oriented architecture (ROA), connecting it to the semantic web and generalising it to the World Wide Hypermap (WWH) as a tool for building a single ‘Digital Earth’. Global identifiers, dynamic links, link purposes and resource management capabilities are introduced as a solution that orchestrates data, metadata and data access services in a homogeneous way. This is achieved by providing a set of rules using the current Internet paradigm formalised in the REpresentational State Transfer (REST) architecture and combining it with existing Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) and International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards. A reference implementation is also presented and the strategies needed to implement the WWH, which mainly consist in a set of additions to current Geographic Information System (GIS) products and a RESTful server that mediates between the Internet and the local GIS applications. 相似文献
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Hichem Mahgoun Mounira Ouarzeddine 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2017,45(2):217-228
Tomographic-SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) is a 3D Radar imaging technique, based on spectral estimation tools. This technique is used to estimate the distribution of the backscattering signal in the elevation axis, for each azimuth-range resolution cell of the SAR image. Spectral estimation algorithms belong to two families, non parametric estimation algorithms which include DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform), SVD (Single Value Decomposition), MUSIC (Multiple Signal Classification), CAPON and parametric estimation algorithms such as LS (Least Square) and ESPRIT (Estimation of signal parameters via rotation invariance techniques). In this paper we present an inversion algorithm based on the fusion of DFT and LS for the estimation of the reflectivity signal along the elevation axis. With an appropriate combination of these two algorithms and a realistic modeling of the signal distribution, we obtain a high resolution estimate of the reflectivity signal with medium computational effort. The inversion algorithm is tested on a forested area (Västerbotten in northern Sweden), with multibaseline data set acquired in L-band (BioSAR-2008 project). Results are promising with the proposed algorithm. We used MUSIC and RVoG (Random Volume over Ground) inversions for comparison and LIDAR (Laser Imaging Detection And Ranging) image as datasets for validation of the results. 相似文献
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随着现代化土地管理的需要以及计算机应用技术的不断发展与普及，土地信息管理系统得到全面发展。本文对“土地利用数据库”的概念进行了简单的介绍，并指出青海省目前土地资源管理与应用现状及建立县级土地利用现状数据库的现实意义。详细探讨我省在土地利用数据库建设中的生产组织、可行性方案等问题。对青海省继将开展的全面“数字国土工程”的实施和县级土地利用数据库的维护和应用有着一定指导和借鉴作用。 相似文献
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GPS Solutions - Extreme Energy Events (EEE) is an extended Cosmic Rays (CRs) Observatory, composed of about 60 tracking telescopes spread over more than 10 degrees in Latitude and Longitude. We... 相似文献
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Abhay M. Varade Y. D. Khare N. C. Mondal Sarang Muley Pawan Wankawar Priti Raut 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2013,41(3):619-630
The paper deals with the application of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) technique for a watershed development program. For this study, the WRJ-2 watershed falling under Narkhed and Katol Tahsils of Nagpur district, Maharashtra, India is investigated. Various thematic maps (i.e. drainage, geology, soil, geomorphology and land use/ land cover) have been prepared using the remote sensing and GIS techniques. Initially, differential weightage values are assigned to all the thematic maps as per their runoff characteristics. Subsequently, the maps are integrated in GIS environment to identify potential sites for water conservation measures like gully plugs, earthen check dams, continuous contour trenches, percolation tanks, cement bandhara, afforestration and farm ponds, etc. The study depicts that the GIS technique facilitates integration of thematic maps and thereby helps in an identification of micro-zones each with unique characters in-terms of hydrogeology, thus amenable to specific water conservation techniques. It is therefore concluded that, the GIS technique is suitable for an identification of water conservation structures. 相似文献
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Classifying historical remotely sensed imagery using a tempo-spatial feature evolution (T-SFE) model 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Yichun Xie Zongyao Sha Yongfei Bai 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2010,65(2):182-190
Large and growing archives of orbital imagery of the earth’s surface collected over the past 40 years provide an important resource for documenting past and current land cover and environmental changes. However uses of these data are limited by the lack of coincident ground information with which either to establish discrete land cover classes or to assess the accuracy of their identification. Herein is proposed an easy-to-use model, the Tempo-Spatial Feature Evolution (T-SFE) model, designed to improve land cover classification using historical remotely sensed data and ground cover maps obtained at later times. This model intersects (1) a map of spectral classes (S-classes) of an initial time derived from the standard unsupervised ISODATA classifier with (2) a reference map of ground cover types (G-types) of a subsequent time to generate (3) a target map of overlaid patches of S-classes and G-types. This model employs the rules of Count Majority Evaluation, and Subtotal Area Evaluation that are formulated on the basis of spatial feature evolution over time to quantify spatial evolutions between the S-classes and G-types on the target map. This model then applies these quantities to assign G-types to S-classes to classify the historical images. The model is illustrated with the classification of grassland vegetation types for a basin in Inner Mongolia using 1985 Landsat TM data and 2004 vegetation map. The classification accuracy was assessed through two tests: a small set of ground sampling data in 1985, and an extracted vegetation map from the national vegetation cover data (NVCD) over the study area in 1988. Our results show that a 1985 image classification was achieved using this method with an overall accuracy of 80.6%. However, the classification accuracy depends on a proper calibration of several parameters used in the model. 相似文献
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