共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 706 毫秒
1.
Elsayed Fergany 《Journal of Seismology》2018,22(1):251-262
This work intends to assess deterministic seismic hazard and risk analysis in terms of the maximum expected intensity map of the Egyptian Nile basin sector. Seismic source zone model of Egypt was delineated based on updated compatible earthquake catalog in 2015, focal mechanisms, and the common tectonic elements. Four effective seismic source zones were identified along the Nile basin. The observed macroseismic intensity data along the basin was used to develop intensity prediction equation defined in terms of moment magnitude. Expected maximum intensity map was proven based on the developed intensity prediction equation, identified effective seismic source zones, and maximum expected magnitude for each zone along the basin. The earthquake hazard and risk analysis was discussed and analyzed in view of the maximum expected moment magnitude and the maximum expected intensity values for each effective source zone. Moderate expected magnitudes are expected to put high risk at Cairo and Aswan regions. The results of this study could be a recommendation for the planners in charge to mitigate the seismic risk at these strategic zones of Egypt. 相似文献
2.
On 27 June 2015, a moderate earthquake with magnitude Mb 5.2 struck the Gulf of Aqaba near Nuweiba City. This event was instrumentally recorded by the Egyptian National Seismic Network (ENSN) and many other international seismological centres. The event was felt in all the cities on the Gulf of Aqaba, as well as Suez City, Hurghada City, the greater Cairo Metropolitan Area, Israel, Jordan and the north-western part of Saudi Arabia. No casualties were reported, however. Approximately 95 aftershocks with magnitudes ranging from 0.7 to 4.2 were recorded by the ENSN following the mainshock. In the present study, the source characteristics of both the mainshock and the aftershocks were estimated using the near-source waveform data recorded by the very broadband stations of the ENSN, and these were validated by the P-wave polarity data from short period stations. Our analysis reveals that an estimated seismic moment of 0.762?×?1017 Nm was released, corresponding to a magnitude of Mw 5.2, a focal depth of 14 km, a fault radius of 0.72 km and a rupture area of approximately 1.65 km2. Monitoring the sequence of aftershocks reveals that they form a cluster around the mainshock and migrated downwards in focal depth towards the west. We compared the results we obtained with the published results from the international seismological centres. Our results are more realistic and accurate, in particular with respect to the epicenteral location, magnitude and fault plane solution which are in accordance with the hypocentre distribution of the aftershocks. 相似文献
3.
In this study we investigate present-day seismicity and crustal deformation of Egypt based on a comprehensive earthquake catalog
from 1900 to 2004 by focal mechanism stress inversion and by recent GPS observations. Spatial distribution of earthquake epicenters
indicates that Egypt has been suffered from both interplate and intraplate earthquakes. Most earthquake activity (more than
70%) has been concentrated in northern Egypt along the geologically documented borders of Sinai subplate (northern Red Sea
and its two branches Suez rift and Aqaba–Dead Sea transform). The majority of inland earthquake focal mechanisms in Egypt
are normal with strike-slip component or strike-slip faulting events. Only a small minority, namely four events, exhibits
reverse faulting. The inversion method of Gephart and Forsyth (1984) was applied to calculate the orientation of the principle
stress axes and the shape of the stress tensor. The best fitting tensor in Egypt shows homogeneity stress field. The tension
stress regime is dominant in northern Egypt. The stress directions are well resolved by the 95% confidence limits, the relative
stress magnitude has a value of about 0.3. However, along southern Egypt the strike-slip regime is dominant. The shape factor
(R-value) is 0.5, which means that the deviatoric components of σ1 and σ3 are of the same magnitude, but of opposite signs. The average horizontal velocity of GPS stations in Egypt is 5.15± 1.1 mm/year
in mostly NNW direction. The results of deformation analysis indicate that the northern Egypt is deformed more than the southern
part. Only the Egyptian-Mediterranean coastal–Nile Delta zone dominates as a compression deformation area. However, an extensional
deformation has been observed throughout the rest of country. This means that the relative motion of African plate with respect
to both Eurasian and Arabian has highly controlled the deformation processes in Egypt. 相似文献
4.
Simulating time-histories and pseudo-spectral accelerations from the 1992 Cairo earthquake at the proposed El-Fayoum New City Site,Egypt 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Abd El-Aziz Khairy Abd El-Aal 《Acta Geophysica》2008,56(4):1025-1042
El-Fayoum New City represents one of the new urban settlements that are recently erected all over Egypt. Because seismic recordings
are not available, I used the stochastic method to simulate the largest damaging earthquake from the closest seismic source
to the proposed area of the city. To verify the method and its computed results in Egypt, a study termed “method verification”
was performed. I found that the October 12, 1992, earthquake (M
b
= 5.8) that occurred southwest of Cairo in the vicinity of the Dahshour region, at the coordinates 29.77°N, 31.07°E, is a
significant earthquake to the city. The parameters of the path from the hypocenter of the event to the city were taken into
consideration. To determine the site parameters, a shallow seismic refraction survey was carried out in the studied area.
Accordingly, I simulated time-histories and pseudo-spectral accelerations from the October 12, 1992, earthquake at the location
of seismic profiles. Finally, it is demonstrated that the site is characterized by high ground motion amplification factors,
producing a high ground motion acceleration value. 相似文献
5.
在南北地震带地区,USGS全球地震目录中存在一些震源深度大于30km的地震.这些地震的震源深度是否可靠,对于研究这一地区的孕震机制、岩石圈强度和构造演化等科学问题具有重要意义.本文以南北地震带2012年发生的5个4~5级地震为例,利用区域地震台网的波形数据,基于sPL深度震相、短周期瑞利面波以及CAP等独立方法测定了其震源深度.结果表明:sPL深度震相和CAP方法给出的震源深度比较一致,差别小于2~3km,能够得到比较可靠的震源深度;短周期瑞利面波及其与P波振幅比也确定了地震震源深度较浅的特征.本文研究结果显示:宁夏会宁4.7级、云南富民4.8级和四川会东4.7级地震的震源深度约为8~12km左右,仍为发生于上地壳的地震,USGS地震目录给出的30km甚至更深的震源深度存在明显偏差;对于四川隆昌4.6和4.9级地震,本文给出的震源深度为1~2km,属于极浅源地震,USGS地震目录给出的10km和35km的震源深度结果尚需进一步改进. 相似文献
6.
Mohamed A. Gamal 《Journal of Seismology》2009,13(1):13-30
In order to determine the fundamental period of soil vibrations in Cairo, 174 microtremors stations, in conjunction with mobile
accelerographs, were used. The result was a collection of long-period microtremors and ambient noise arising from cultural
disturbances. The Nile Valley shows some fixed peaks at 2.5–3.5 Hz at the center of the basin, while the Nile’s surrounding
area shows a fundamental peak of 4–5 Hz, leaving a 5–7-Hz resonance peak for the sand-like, gravelly soil from Abbasiya to
the airport. A frequency-dependent soil amplification map is drawn, which includes seismic microzonation maps for Cairo. Based
on the above, a maximum acceleration map for two important earthquakes affecting Egypt in the last century is produced (Faiyum,
1992, and Aqaba, 1995). 相似文献
7.
It is a common opinion that only crustal earthquakes can occur in the Crimea–Black Sea region. Since the existence of deep earthquakes in the Crimea–Black Sea region is extremely important for the construction of a geodynamic model for this region, an attempt is made to verify the validity of this widespread view. To do this, the coordinates of all earthquakes recorded by the stations of the Crimean seismological network are reinterpreted with an algorithm developed by one of the authors. The data published in the seismological catalogs and bulletins of the Crimea–Black Sea region for 1970–2012 are used for the analysis. To refine the coordinates of hypocenters of earthquakes in the Crimea–Black Sea region, in addition to the data from stations of the Crimean seismological network, information from seismic stations located around the Black Sea coast are used. In total, the data from 61 seismic stations were used to determine the hypocenter coordinates. The used earthquake catalogs for 1970–2012 contain information on ~2140 events with magnitudes from–1.5 to 5.5. The bulletins provide information on the arrival times of P- and S-waves at seismic stations for 1988 events recorded by three or more stations. The principal innovation of this study is the use of the original author’s hypocenter determination algorithm, which minimizes the functional of distances between the points (X, Y, H) and (x, y, h) corresponding to the theoretical and observed seismic wave travel times from the earthquake source to the recording stations. The determination of the coordinates of earthquake hypocenters is much more stable in this case than the usual minimization of the residual functional for the arrival time of an earthquake wave at a station (the difference between the theoretical and observed values). Since determination of the hypocenter coordinates can be influenced by the chosen velocity column beneath each station, special attention is focused on collecting information on velocity profiles. To evaluate the influence of the upper mantle on the results of calculating the velocity model, two different low-velocity and high-velocity models are used; the results are compared with each other. Both velocity models are set to a depth of 640 km, which is fundamentally important in determining hypocenters for deep earthquakes. Studies of the Crimea–Black Sea region have revealed more than 70 earthquakes with a source depth of more than 60 km. The adequacy of the obtained depth values is confirmed by the results of comparing the initial experimental data from the bulletins with the theoretical travel-time curves for earthquake sources with depths of 50 and 200 km. The sources of deep earthquakes found in the Crimea–Black Sea region significantly change our understanding of the structure and geotectonics of this region. 相似文献
8.
Source mechanisms of the June 2004 Tabuk earthquake sequence, Eastern Red Sea margin, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
K. S. Aldamegh K. M. Abou Elenean H. M. Hussein A. J. Rodgers 《Journal of Seismology》2009,13(4):561-576
A sequence of earthquakes took place in June 2004 approximately 60 km southeast of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. The first felt event
(M
W = 3.9) occurred on June 9 and caused minor damage in the epicentral area according to the National Earthquake Information
Center and the local reports. Another moderate size event occurred on June 22 (M
W = 5.1) and was followed by a few felt aftershocks without any reported damage. This earthquake sequence caused considerable
alarm at Tabuk and highlights the fact that damaging earthquakes can occur in this region away from the major plate boundary
in the Red Sea. Being the largest well-recorded event in the area for which the digital and broadband records from Saudi Arabia,
Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Turkey, Cyprus, and Kuwait are available, it provides an excellent opportunity to study the tectonic
process and present day stress field acting on this area. The digital records from these regional networks were used to relocate
the largest three events of this sequence. Focal mechanisms were obtained from full waveform inversion and indicate normal
faulting mechanisms with two nodal planes oriented NW–SE in parallel to the faults bounding the Tabuk graben and the Red Sea
rift axis. These events originated at shallow focal depths of 4–5 km, possibly contributing to the widely felt ground motions.
These events offer a unique opportunity to study the active tectonics of the region as well as inform future studies of seismic
hazard in northwestern Saudi Arabia, the Gulf of Aqaba, and eastern Egypt. 相似文献
9.
— Alexandria City has suffered great damage due to earthquakes from near and distant sources, both in historical and recent times. Sometimes the source of such damages is not well known. Seismogenic zones such as the Red Sea, Gulf of Aqaba-Dead Sea Hellenic Arc, Suez-Cairo-Alexandria, Eastern-Mediterranean-Cairo-Faiyoum and the Egyptian costal area are located in the vicinity of this city. The Egyptian coastal zone has the lowest seismicity, and therefore, its tectonic setting is not well known. The 1998 Egyptian costal zone earthquake is a moderate complex source. It is composed of two subevents separated by 4 sec. The first subevent initiated at a depth of 28 km and caused a rupture of strike (347°), dip (29°) and slip (125°). The second subevent occurred at a shallower depth (24 km) and has a relatively different focal parameter (strike 334°, dip 60° and slip 60°). The available focal mechanisms strongly support the manifestation of a complex stress regime from the Hellenic Arc into the Alexandria offshore area. In the present study a numerical modeling technique is applied to estimate quantitative seismic hazard in Alexandria. In terms of seismic hazard, both local and remote earthquakes have a tremendous affect on this city. A local earthquake with magnitude Ms = 6.7 at the offshore area gives peak ground acceleration up to 300 cm/sec2. The total duration of shaking expected from such an earthquake is about three seconds. The Fourier amplitude spectra of the ground acceleration reveals that the maximum energy is carried by the low frequency (1–3 Hz), part of the seismic waves. The largest response spectra at Alexandria city is within this frequency band. The computed ground accelerations due to strong earthquakes in the Hellenic Arc, Red Sea and Gulf of Aqaba are very small (less than 10 cm/sec2) although with long duration (up to 3 minutes). 相似文献
10.
The Cairo earthquake (12 October 1992; m b = 5.8) is still and after 25 years one of the most painful events and is dug into the Egyptians memory. This is not due to the strength of the earthquake but due to the accompanied losses and damages (561 dead; 10,000 injured and 3000 families lost their homes). Nowadays, the most frequent and important question that should rise is “what if this earthquake is repeated today.” In this study, we simulate the same size earthquake (12 October 1992) ground motion shaking and the consequent social-economic impacts in terms of losses and damages. Seismic hazard, earthquake catalogs, soil types, demographics, and building inventories were integrated into HAZUS-MH to produce a sound earthquake risk assessment for Cairo including economic and social losses. Generally, the earthquake risk assessment clearly indicates that “the losses and damages may be increased twice or three times” in Cairo compared to the 1992 earthquake. The earthquake risk profile reveals that five districts (Al-Sahel, El Basateen, Dar El-Salam, Gharb, and Madinat Nasr sharq) lie in high seismic risks, and three districts (Manshiyat Naser, El-Waily, and Wassat (center)) are in low seismic risk level. Moreover, the building damage estimations reflect that Gharb is the highest vulnerable district. The analysis shows that the Cairo urban area faces high risk. Deteriorating buildings and infrastructure make the city particularly vulnerable to earthquake risks. For instance, more than 90 % of the estimated buildings damages are concentrated within the most densely populated (El Basateen, Dar El-Salam, Gharb, and Madinat Nasr Gharb) districts. Moreover, about 75 % of casualties are in the same districts. Actually, an earthquake risk assessment for Cairo represents a crucial application of the HAZUS earthquake loss estimation model for risk management. Finally, for mitigation, risk reduction, and to improve the seismic performance of structures and assure life safety and collapse prevention in future earthquakes, a five-step road map has been purposed. 相似文献
11.
2021年8月26日甘肃省酒泉市阿克塞县发生M5.5地震,这次地震是发生在祁连山地震构造带西段的一次显著地震。利用区域台网记录的宽频带地震波形数据,通过CAP方法反演阿克塞M5.5主震及其M3.7余震的震源机制解,进一步利用双差定位方法对研究区2021年1月1日—11月29日间的地震事件进行重定位,以此分析此次地震的发震构造及其意义。结果表明阿克塞M5.5地震是一次以逆冲性质为主的地震事件;重定位后,地震事件呈明显的集中分布特征,阿克塞M5.5主震震源深度为14.1 km,余震序列震源深度大多分布于15～25 km。综合分析震源机制解、重定位结果以及区域构造背景,认为阿克塞地震的发震断层为党河南山南缘断裂,未来应重点关注祁连山西段发生中强地震的危险。 相似文献
12.
分析矿震破裂机制及微震的时空分布能够为矿区灾害评估提供更多的有效信息.本研究基于密集台阵观测对2019年11月12日辽宁抚顺2.4级矿震开展震源参数研究,震源机制解显示地震破裂包含明显的非双力偶分量,表现为体积压缩的塌陷机制,且震源深度较浅,最佳拟合矩心深度为0.6 km.同时,对11月3日—25日记录的连续地震波形开展微震扫描,新检测出324个微震事件(-0.5~2.0级),定位结果显示在M 2.4矿震发生前M>1.0级事件显著增多,且在矿震位置存在近南北向的微震条带分布,微震序列随时间向深部迁移(约1.5 km),暗示存在断层活化迹象.结合震源破裂机制,我们认为此次事件与矿区塌陷破裂密切相关,同时伴随先存断裂的剪切滑动.本研究表明,基于密集台阵观测的地震矩张量反演和微震检测研究,对判定矿震类型及防范矿区灾害具有重要的研究意义. 相似文献
13.
2021年11月17日13时54分（北京时间）江苏盐城市大丰区海域发生MS 5.0地震。江苏盐城、南通等地区震感强烈,上海普遍有感,山东和浙江等部分地区亦有震感。上海地震台在震后7 min发布人工速报结果,并启动地震应急产品产出工作,产品包括地震基本参数、历史地震、地震构造、震源机制、仪器烈度和余震精定位等数据。本次地震发生在黄海南部坳陷地区,震源机制解表明该地震为一次走滑型事件,断层呈NE走向,余震主要沿主震NE方向拓展约20 km,深度集中在15 km以内范围。 相似文献
14.
15.
16.
2019年黄海ML4.6地震序列发生在NW向苏北—滨海断裂带附近,历史上该断裂带附近曾多次发生破坏性地震。为了判断此次地震序列的发生是否与苏北—滨海断裂带活动有关,本文基于黄海ML4.6地震震中附近400 km范围内的测震台站记录,采用CAP方法计算了此次黄海地震序列中ML4.6和ML4.1地震的深度和震源机制解参数,并使用双差定位方法对该地震序列进行了重新定位。研究结果显示:2019年12月8日黄海ML4.6和12日黄海ML4.1地震的震源深度分别为20 km和21 km,位于发震区域的脆韧转换带内;黄海ML4.6地震震源机制解节面Ⅰ的走向、倾角、滑动角分别为123°,74°和61°,节面Ⅱ的走向、倾角、滑动角分别为6°,33°和149°;黄海ML4.1地震震源机制解节面Ⅰ的走向、倾角、滑动角分别为135°,77°和32°,节面Ⅱ的走向、倾角、滑动角分别为37°,59°和165°。两次地震的震源机制解节面参数与苏北—滨海断裂带的几何参数并不一致,表明此次黄海地震序列的发生与苏北—滨海断裂带的主断裂活动没有直接关系。黄海地震序列震中的重新定位结果显示该地震序列呈NW向分布。由上述反演所获的两次黄海地震的震源机制和地震序列的重新定位结果推测,黄海ML4.6和ML4.1地震的破裂方向可能为NW向,黄海ML4.6地震序列可能是发生在区域壳内脆韧转换带的左旋走滑地震事件。 相似文献
17.
利用山西数字地震台网的波形资料,测定了2009年1月至2017年12月山西地区及周边地区M≥3.0地震的震源深度。结果显示,震源深度的优势范围为6~20km,山西地区的震源深度由北到南逐渐加深。在日常工作中,对于速报地震,尤其是4级以上的地震,建议用CAP方法测定的结果与速报结果综合运用,为速报之后地震应急及危险性判定提供更可靠的震源深度参数。 相似文献
18.
利用广东地震台网的固定台和流动台记录的2次人工爆破事件,通过随机模拟台网几何形态,获得了该台网近震定位精度的经验性GT（Ground Truth）准则。结果表明：地震定位精度与台网几何形态密切相关;当台网满足以下条件时近震震中定位精度优于2km,震源深度精度优于3km,具有95%的置信度：（1）震中距小于150km的台站数≥7;（2）一级方位角空区<180°;（3）震中距小于10km的台站数≥1。在评估震源深度精度时,发现对于壳内地震,可靠的近台数据能够提高震源深度的精度,而定位时震中距较大的台站数量的增加对震源深度的精度影响很小。最后,应用该GT准则对广东地震台网产出的地震观测报告进行了评估,获得了1160个GT2参考事件。 相似文献
19.
华北地区中小地震重新定位和地震活动特征研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
选取了华北地区1978—2011年289个台站记录到的24753个地震事件, 使用双差定位方法对这些地震进行了重定位, 获得了20512个地震的重定位结果, 平均定位误差在EW、 NS、 UD方向分别为0.54 km, 0.57 km和0.57 km。 相比于初始结果和绝对定位结果, 双差定位结果在平面上分布更集中, 沿断裂分布特征更加明显, 震源深度也更加合理。 通过剖面分析, 张北地震带、 唐山地震带、 邢台地震带均为高倾角断裂, 南部剖面6震源深度分布有随时间变浅的趋势。 通过与前人的研究结果进行对比, 本次研究使用的时间较长, 地震数量较大, 得到了更加可信的结果。 相似文献
20.
本文利用福建省地震台网、广东省地震台网和台湾"中央"气象局17个台的宽频带记录,使用CAP方法反演了2018年11月26日台湾海峡M_S6.2地震震源机制解,得到节面1走向/倾角/滑动角为89°/82°/-173°,节面2走向/倾角/滑动角为358°/84°/-7°,最佳拟合深度14km,矩震级5.8.使用双差定位获取了94个M_L2.0以上地震的精定位结果,结果显示,主震位于北纬23.36°,东经118.62°,震源深度10.43km.根据小震分布和构造应力场反演得到余震断层面走向和倾角分别为88°和60°.研究认为,台湾海峡6.2级地震发震构造为近EW向的台湾浅滩断裂,受南海板块张裂拉伸发育而成,孕震过程中有东山隆起东缘断裂的参与,推测在菲律宾板块对欧亚板块NW-SE向挤压碰撞背景下,近EW向的台湾浅滩断裂与近NS向的东山隆起东缘断裂交接部位属于强度薄弱区,最终产生高倾角右旋走滑错动而引发地震,余震主要沿台湾浅滩断裂分布. 相似文献