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1.
水下目标的确定就是水下定位,水下定位主要是基于同步定位的方法,而对于非同步定位很少进行研究,显示水下目标的观测中,一般都会出现非同步定位的状况。在非同步定位方法引入到水下目标定位中,通过对同步定位方法进行分析加以改进,使其演变为非同步定位方法,构建深度已知情况下的非同步定位模型,分析不同误差源对非同步定位的影响,进行仿真数据的验证,得到不同误差源对非同步定位影响的量化指标。  相似文献   

2.
顾及声线入射角的水下定位随机模型   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
赵爽  王振杰  刘慧敏 《测绘学报》2018,47(9):1280-1289
水下定位中广泛采用的等权随机模型,实现简单但与实际不符,影响水下定位精度。针对该问题,结合水下定位实际,考虑水声测量误差和声线弯曲误差影响,在分析随机模型不完善条件下参数估计性质的基础上,构建了4种基于声线入射角的水下定位随机模型。通过模拟算例和实测数据进行了验证。结果表明:所构建的4种入射角随机模型比等权模型在定位精度上具有一定优势,其中分段余弦模型定位结果最好;入射角阈值取值在40°~50°范围内时,定位精度最高;100 m以内水深环境下,基于声线入射角的随机模型改善了传统等权模型的定位结果。  相似文献   

3.
隧道断面测量系统TSMS的测量精度直接影响着沉管水下对接精度和可靠性,为确定测量精度,研究了TSMS的工作原理和定位模型,在此基础上,推导了定位误差模型及流速影响模型,分析了流速对TSMS定位精度的影响,并给出了一些有益的结论。  相似文献   

4.
本文针对国产机载SW-LiDAR系统组成及各种传感器集成原理,研究该系统的定位解算模型,同时基于误差传播定律从理论上分析了激光测距误差、扫描角误差、GPS定位误差、安置误差、IMU测姿误差、时间同步误差、数据内插误差等因子对系统定位精度的影响规律,最后通过实际工程应用分析了实验区域的数据精度,实验结果满足机载激光雷达数据获取技术规范要求,表明了该系统定位模型的正确性与可行性。  相似文献   

5.
围绕潜航器距海底高度及其姿态测量误差对地形匹配定位的影响展开研究。首先,利用改进的步长迭代法 和双三次内插法,实现水下声线的定位仿真;随后采用蒙特·卡洛模拟方法定量分析高度、姿态角测量误差对地形 匹配定位精度的影响,进而构建数学函数模型用于描述姿态角、高度与匹配定位精度的关系。最后通过实验,验证 该方法的有效性。结果表明,文中建立的模型预测地形匹配误差,可靠性为81.33%,并且其模型计算的定位误差限 差的适用性为98%。  相似文献   

6.
杜婷  李浩  杨彪  苏博  刘亚南 《测绘工程》2018,(3):25-29,34
低空机载LiDAR因其系统的复杂性,点云定位精度受很多系统误差影响。为了研究改善点云定位精度的方法,文中根据LiDAR定位误差模型综合分析航高、扫描角、IMU姿态角、姿态角误差等对点云定位误差的影响,并根据误差影响规律分析得出不同地形测图比例尺对飞行参数的要求。通过长江中下游实测地区作业验证,建议设置飞行参数得到的点云定位精度符合精度要求。  相似文献   

7.
声源定位算法的精度分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
针对国家靶场测量落点坐标测试手段存在局限性的问题,该文提出基于时延估计的声源定位算法,给出影响该算法定位精度的几个因素和传感器阵列的几种布站方式,并对各种布站方式的定位误差进行了仿真计算,通过仿真分析了在不同的布站方式下声波的传播速度误差和时间差测量误差对定位精度的影响。结果表明:采用声波定位技术测量落点坐标精度可满足指标要求;合理布设传感器阵列能够提高定位精度。  相似文献   

8.
吉长东  黎虎  徐爱功  冯磊 《测绘科学》2012,37(3):56-58,107
GPS单站定位的作业方式、外业组织观测和数据处理等比较简单,同时,由于采用观测值不同、观测时间长短不同、定位模式和数据处理方式不同,其精度可以从毫米级到米级不等,实际应用中以伪距单点定位和精密单点定位为主。GPS单站定位不能通过求差方式来消除或消弱各项误差,为提高其定位精度,必须研究各项误差的改正模型,以便对其进行精细改正。本文用2010年10月31日CHAN站24小时的观测数据,确定各项误差在一天中的影响大小和变化规律,研究结果对精密单点定位的误差研究和GPS定位误差的教学工作等都有参考意义。  相似文献   

9.
测距误差改正的超宽带定位系统研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
王川阳  王坚  余航  韩厚增  宁一鹏 《测绘科学》2019,44(1):98-103,117
针对超宽带定位系统存在的测距误差影响定位结果的问题,该文分析了超宽带定位系统测距误差变化规律,并给出了误差改正模型。在定位过程中,首先对测距信息进行误差模型改正,随后基于双向测距的TOA定位方法,利用chan算法和高斯-牛顿迭代算法解算出定位结果,并通过动静态实验对比测距误差改正前后定位结果。结果表明,利用误差改正后的测距信息进行定位解算,能够有效提高系统的测距和定位精度。  相似文献   

10.
覃昕垚  张建军  王勇  方涛 《测绘工程》2016,25(5):32-35,41
介绍机载激光雷达测量技术,根据测量的几何原理推导定位方程。讨论定位的误差来源,建立误差模型并对误差影响进行分析。综合各项因素的影响,将模拟数据代入误差传播公式,计算定位精度。  相似文献   

11.
矢量GIS图上地理曲线的定位误差模型   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
刘文宝  邓敏  夏宗国 《遥感学报》2000,4(4):316-321
为了分析GIS图上地理曲线的定位精度,首先探讨地理曲线的表达与定位误差,区分“数字曲线”和“连续曲线”两个概念;然后结合由数字曲线生成连续曲线的GIS算法,建立连续曲线的误差带模型,并导出地理曲线长度的误差估计公式;最后通过算例说明地理曲线误差带的可视化方法和曲线长度误差估计公式的应用。  相似文献   

12.
Digital elevation model (DEM) source data are subject to both horizontal and vertical errors owing to improper instrument operation, physical limitations of sensors, and bad weather conditions. These factors may bring a negative effect on some DEM-based applications requiring low levels of positional errors. Although classical smoothing interpolation methods have the ability to handle vertical errors, they are prone to omit horizontal errors. Based on the statistical concept of the total least squares method, a total error-based multiquadric (MQ-T) method is proposed in this paper to reduce the effects of both horizontal and vertical errors in the context of DEM construction. In nature, the classical multiquadric (MQ) method is a vertical error regression procedure, whereas MQ-T is an orthogonal error regression model. Two examples, including a numerical test and a real-world example, are employed in a comparative performance analysis of MQ-T for surface modeling of DEMs. The numerical test indicates that MQ-T performs better than the classical MQ in terms of root mean square error. The real-world example of DEM construction with sample points derived from a total station instrument demonstrates that regardless of the sample interval and DEM resolution, MQ-T is more accurate than classical interpolation methods including inverse distance weighting, ordinary kriging, and Australian National University DEM. Therefore, MQ-T can be considered as an alternative interpolator for surface modeling with sample points subject to both horizontal and vertical errors.  相似文献   

13.
In this paper, we use control methodologies based on lines to detect the type of positional errors which affect a spatial database (SDB) and more concretely the presence of systematic errors. The methodology involves determination of the displacement vectors between the lines and a graphical and statistical study of the components obtained. The graphical analysis enables the detection of spatial patterns of displacement; the presence or absence of systematic errors is then confirmed by statistical analysis. We have applied this method to detect systematic errors on a set of lines with introduced displacements, rotations and scale changes. The results show the viability of the method. All the bias effects introduced were detected, both qualitatively and quantitatively. The detection method has the potential to minimize the effects of such displacements in the SDBs.  相似文献   

14.
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16.
位置关系的定性描述是指用方向关系和定性距离描述目标对象相对于参照物的位置关系的方法。此处的研究重点是采用基于投影的方向关系和定性距离建立位置关系定性描述模型,推导了位置关系的描述公式,并根据该公式研究位置关系的定性推理,用MATLAB语言模拟了位置关系定性推理。研究中,以相邻定性距离的距离范围之比k=5为例,取ε≤1/k2,则只要iδ/jδ≤ε,就有iδ±jδ≈jδ。实际上,位置关系的定性推理结果与具体的k值无关。  相似文献   

17.
分别利用直线、圆曲线与多项式曲线的拟合空间曲线实体,估计出拟合曲线与真实曲线之间的模型误差,建立包含模型误差与法线方向位置误差的曲线综合误差带模型。并通过算例证明了含有模型误差的综合误差带模型能更好地反应圆曲线的位置不确定性。  相似文献   

18.
首先研究基于εσ模型单一折线段不确定性误差带,导出误差带边界线的解析表达式;然后通过算例分析,针对开折线和闭折线两种情况,由单一折线段误差带边界线的解析表达式,编程绘出位置不确定性随机折线的可视化图形。理论分析和可视化图形表明,在两条相邻折线的公共端点处,前一线段的右误差半圆的半径和后一线段的左误差半圆的半径未必相等,实际分析中需考虑到这种情况。  相似文献   

19.
Spatial data quality is a paramount concern in all GIS applications. Existing spatial data accuracy standards, including the National Standard for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA) used in the United States, commonly assume the positional error of spatial data is normally distributed. This research has characterized the distribution of the positional error in four types of spatial data: GPS locations, street geocoding, TIGER roads, and LIDAR elevation data. The positional error in GPS locations can be approximated with a Rayleigh distribution, the positional error in street geocoding and TIGER roads can be approximated with a log‐normal distribution, and the positional error in LIDAR elevation data can be approximated with a normal distribution of the original vertical error values after removal of a small number of outliers. For all four data types considered, however, these solutions are only approximations, and some evidence of non‐stationary behavior resulting in lack of normality was observed in all four datasets. Monte‐Carlo simulation of the robustness of accuracy statistics revealed that the conventional 100% Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) statistic is not reliable for non‐normal distributions. Some degree of data trimming is recommended through the use of 90% and 95% RMSE statistics. Percentiles, however, are not very robust as single positional accuracy statistics. The non‐normal distribution of positional errors in spatial data has implications for spatial data accuracy standards and error propagation modeling. Specific recommendations are formulated for revisions of the NSSDA.  相似文献   

20.
Species distribution modeling (SDM) at fine spatial resolutions requires species occurrence data of high positional accuracy to achieve good model performance. However, wildlife occurrences recorded by patrols in ranger‐based monitoring programs suffer from positional errors, because recorded locations represent the positions of the ranger and differ from the actual occurrence locations of wildlife (hereinafter referred to as positional errors in patrol data). This study presented an evaluation of the impact of such positional errors in patrol data on SDM and developed a heuristic‐based approach to mitigating the positional errors. The approach derives probable wildlife occurrence locations from ranger positions, utilizing heuristics based on species preferred habitat and the observer's field of view. The evaluations were conducted through a case study of SDM using patrol records of the black‐and‐white snub‐nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus bieti) in Yunnan, China. The performance of the approach was also compared against alternative sampling methods. The results showed that the positional errors in R. bieti patrol data had an adverse effect on SDM performance, and that the proposed approach can effectively mitigate the impact of the positional errors to greatly improve SDM performance.  相似文献   

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