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吉林龙岗第四纪火山活动分期 总被引：17，自引：6，他引：17
在约1700km^2的龙岗火山区内分布100多个玄武质岩浆爆破成因的火山渣锥和射气岩浆成因的低平火山口－龙湾，最新喷发距今约1500－1600年。本文在火山地质研究基础上，测定了龙岗第四纪火山活动形成的熔岩台地、火山渣锥、低平火山口、火山碎屑席等不同火山地质体的31个火山岩K－Ar年龄和2个岩化木与与泥炭层的^14C年龄，厘定了龙岗第四纪3期火山活动的时间：小椅山期（早更新世：2．15－0．75Ma）、龙岗期（中－晚更新世：0．68－0．05Ma）和金龙顶子期（全新世：1600－1500a.BP）。 相似文献
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长白山天池火山地质学研究的若干进展与灾害分析 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
通过以减轻火山灾害为目的的天池火山锥体顶部地区地质填图工作，发现了天池火山锥体附近不同期次火山泥石流，部分火山泥石流显示的高温定位特征指示了其与千年大喷发的成因联系。这些火山泥石流构成了严重的火山泥石流灾害，天池火山锥体近顶部大型滑坡体的发现则指示了天池火山另一种重要的灾害类型。滑坡体堆积物结构上可分为3种类型。天池火山千年大喷发时不同成分与物性的岩浆混合作用十分发育，指示了天池火山喷发前不同岩浆批的混合与共喷发机理。本文还论述了天池火山近代历史记录喷发物的分布与鉴别特征。 相似文献
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火山玻璃风化层的透射电镜研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用透射电镜(TEM)和X射线能谱(EDX)研究了长白山天池火山1000年和4000年前两次大喷发产生的火山玻璃风化层特征.TEM分析显示,4000年前大喷发浮岩中的火山玻璃风化层平均厚度3.7 mm,1000年前大喷发浮岩中的火山玻璃风化层平均厚度为1.0 mm.EDX分析显示,两次大喷发浮岩中的火山玻璃风化层化学组成与火山玻璃相比富Al、Fe,而si减少.火山玻璃风化层富Al发生在Al的浓度较高的中到弱酸溶液中(pH=5～6),火山玻璃表面形成含有少量的非晶质的Al、Si、Fe物质,这些非品质的次生物质是火山玻璃风化早期阶段形成的.天池火山喷发物中火山玻璃的微观特征的差异可能与火山喷发年代和喷发后的环境有关,研究天池火山不同期次喷发物中火山玻璃的微观特征具有一定的理论和实际应用价值. 相似文献
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广西北海涠洲岛是我国最大的第四纪火山岩海岛。近些年来随着我国核电事业的不断发展,涠洲岛火山最后喷发时代和对区域核电厂址的潜在火山灾害,受到了国内外地学界和核电工业界的广泛关注。我们通过对涠洲岛南部地区射汽岩浆喷发的基浪堆积物的野外地质地貌考察,研究了火山喷发物的岩性特征、沉积结构和堆积规模。同时,对系统采集于不同堆积部位的喷发物样品和上覆的黄土样品进行了电子自旋共振(ESR)年代测试分析,结合前人光释光(OSL)测年结果,得出涠洲岛火山最后一次喷发的时间为晚更新世晚期至全新世早期,距今约13～33ka。 相似文献
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龙岗火山群四海火山渣层—来自金龙顶子火山亚普林尼式火山爆发 总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20
龙岗火山群四海玄武质火山渣层为金龙顶子火山爆发形成，而非多个火山共同喷发的结果。火灾山渣组成金龙顶子火山渣锥及以东相伴随的火山碎屑席，反映火山爆发时强劲单向西风的吹指。火山碎屑席中火山渣层厚度，火山渣粒度参数远离火山渣锥呈规律性变化。 相似文献
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长白山火山历史上最大火山爆发火山碎屑物层序与分布 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
刘祥 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2006,36(3):313-318
长白山火山历史时期规模最大的火山喷发发生在1199~1200年。这次大爆发分为两次普林尼（Plinian）式喷发:第一次（早期）喷发称赤峰期,第二次（晚期）喷发称园池期。赤峰期喷发模式为：普林尼式喷发柱（赤峰空落浮岩层）—火山碎屑流（长白火山碎屑流层）—火山泥流（二道白河火山泥流层）,主要由火山碎屑流诱发火山泥流;园池期火山喷发模式为：普林尼式喷发柱（园池空落浮岩火山灰层）—火山碎屑流（冰场火山碎屑流层）。两次普林尼式喷发空落火山碎屑物总量约120 km3,长白火山碎屑流层总量约8 km3,冰场火山碎屑流层总量约0.5 km3,火山泥流堆积总量约为2 km3。主要论述了这次大爆发的火山喷发碎屑堆积物的层序和分布。 相似文献
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张家口中生代火山盆地火山喷发对古气候的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文在详细地研究了张家口中生代火山盆地火山喷发物的基础上,利用岩石学及大气环境化学的基本原理,提出了一套系统估算火山喷出气体及气溶胶总量的程序与方法,并对张家口中生代火山喷出气体的种类、总量及气溶胶总量进行了估算;分析了火山硫化物气体转化为火山硫酸盐气溶胶的光化学过程及可能途径。在分别研究了本区火山喷发导致的“阳伞效应”与“温室效应”的基础上,探讨了该区火山喷发对地表温度的综合影响。初步结果表明：张家口中生代火山盆地火山喷发向当时大气圈中输送了约９．９６×１０１０ｋｇ的硫酸盐气溶胶,它们能导致当时北半球范围内太阳总幅射率降低０．８１％～３．６０％,最终造成地表温度下降约０．８１℃～３．６℃。 相似文献
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吉林省新生代龙岗火山群期次划分及火山喷发类型特点 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
吉林省龙岗地区龙岗火山群,新生代火山活动可划分为5个火山喷发期次,由老至新为：船底山期、小椅子山期、大椅子山期、金龙顶子期、四海期。根据对各期火山岩相的研究,确定了它们的火山喷发类型。 相似文献
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Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
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Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
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The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
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Emmanuel Skourtsos Daniel Vachard Alexandra Zambetakis-Lekkas Rossana Martini Louisette Zaninetti 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(12):925-931
Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931. 相似文献
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正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.) 相似文献
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正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.) 相似文献
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正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.) 相似文献
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正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus., 相似文献
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正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an 相似文献
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正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of 相似文献