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1.
碎屑岩储层中次生孔隙的发育主要为长石、岩屑及胶结物等的溶蚀,而溶蚀强度与流体成分密切相关。塔里木盆地满西地区从上奥陶统—石炭系不同层位、不同地区碎屑岩样品中包裹体的均一温度有差异,分为3个均一温度区间。包裹体流体绝大部分为不成熟氧化性、酸性流体;不同井区、不同层段、不同类型砂岩包裹体的阴离子浓度变化较大,石英加大边中含的包裹体总体阴离子组成单一,浓度低,而方解石胶结物、石英胶结物中包裹体组成复杂,浓度变化很大。储层物性与HCO-3、CO2-3、Cl-离子浓度变化大致呈正相关关系,而与NO-3、SO2-4离子浓度关系不明显,甚至有相反的变化趋势;研究区有3期油气运移。 相似文献
2.
[摘 要] 通过对埃子王家-原疃矿区流体包裹体岩相学、测温学及铅、硫同位素等的分析,研究其成矿流体性质和演化,并探讨矿床成矿流体和成矿物质来源,结果表明:①流体包裹体主要为气液两相包裹体;包裹体液相成分阳离子以K+、Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+为主,阴离子以SO24、Cl-、F-为主;气相成分以H2O、CO2、CH4为主;②成矿流体均一温度、盐度分别为120～350℃,4. 26%～8. 66%,为中低温(200℃以下为70%)、低盐度的流体;③206Pb/204Pb 范围为16. 217～18. 034;207Pb/204Pb 范围为15.180～16.889;208Pb/204Pb 范围为36. 586～39. 987。分析认为,本区铅同位素来源应为壳幔混合源。 相似文献
3.
新疆东天山土屋斑岩铜矿床流体包裹体地球化学特征 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9
本文在系统总结前人关于土屋矿床地质特征及成矿作用的基础上,开展了氢氧同位素研究及石英流体包裹体均一法和冷冻法测温,并对石英样品进行了气相及离子色谱测量,对石英中流体包裹体中的稀土元素进行了测试。结果表明,流体包裹体均一温度变化于125~363℃,主要集中于140~200℃,盐度变化于0.18%~58.28%NaCl,主要集中于2%~10% NaCl。流体包裹体气相的主要成分为H2O和CO2,液相成分以Ca2+、Na+、SO2-4、Cl-为主。石英流体包裹体中∑REE 为8.07×10-6~ 12.15×10-6,轻、重稀土之比值（LREE/HREE）变化于5.39~6.75,δEu为1.80~1.91。流体包裹体中稀土元素配分型式呈右倾型,并表现出Eu的正异常及Ce的负异常。石英中流体包裹体的δDV-SMOW值为-70‰~-66‰,石英的δ18OV-SMOW为9.4‰~12.3‰,计算所得的δ18O水为-5.1‰~-1.2‰。根据离子色谱分析结果,F-/Cl-介于0.009~0.024之间,SO2-4/Cl-介于0.45~1.01之间。综合以上流体包裹体的组成和特征,表明成矿流体可能主要来源于岩浆水和大气降水。 相似文献
4.
5.
提要：汤泉位于河北省遵化市西北部,为山前丘陵地貌,地热资源丰富。本文通过对该地区地热流体研究发现：Na+、Ca2+、K+、Mg2+与SO2-4、HCO-3、Cl-、NO-3是该地区地下热水的主要成分,水化学类型主要为SO2-4-Na+型,属于未污染的天然弱碱性水;流体中F-含量平均为9.36 mg/l,远高于国家地下水质量标准ⅴ级;可溶性SiO2的含量可作为地热温标;地热流体总矿化度平均为782.33 mg/l,属于淡水;为中等腐蚀型水,不结碳酸钙垢,无CaSO4?2H2O垢和SiO2垢生成的可能;地热流体属于含岩盐地层溶滤的陆相沉积水;根据氢氧稳定同位素可知,河北汤泉地热流体主要来源于大气降水。 相似文献
6.
山东金翅岭金矿成矿流体特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
[摘 要]通过流体包裹体岩相学、显微测温学和包裹体稀土元素等的分析,研究山东金翅岭金矿床成矿流体性质和演化,研究结果表明:流体包裹体主要为气液两相包裹体,另有少量液相包裹体。包裹体气相成分主要以H2O、CO2为主。液相成分属Na+-K+-Ca2+-Mg2+-Cl--SO2-4体系,成矿流体为岩浆热液夹有变质水和大气降水的混合流体。流体包裹体的均一温度介于140～350℃,金的主成矿期为第域和第芋阶段,成矿温度范围为290℃～185℃,流体盐度介于7.3%～8.9%,为中-低温、低盐度的成矿流体。石英、黄铁矿包裹体稀土元素特征研究表明:轻稀土富集,重稀土亏损,具有中等负铕异常,标准化曲线为略右倾曲线。 相似文献
7.
陕西省桐峪金矿床成矿流体研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
桐峪金矿床位于华北地台南缘小秦岭金矿带的西段。矿体多呈薄板状、脉状和透镜状产出。赋矿围岩为太古代太华群变质岩系。围岩蚀变主要有绢云母化、硅化、碳酸盐化等。文章对该矿床的流体包裹体进行了岩相学研究,并开展了显微测温、流体成分及氢、氧同位素测试,模拟估算了密度、压力、深度。结果表明,第Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ阶段流体包裹体的均一温度、盐度分别为:280~360℃,3%~11%;190~330℃,3%~15%;150~290℃,1%~11%。包裹体液相成分中阳离子以Na+、K+、Ca2+为主,阴离子以Cl-为主,SO42-次之;气相成分以H2O、CO2和N2为主,含少量O2、CH4。流体为弱还原性。成矿温度属中(高)温,低盐度,成矿压力为78~220 MPa,成矿深度大约为3~8 km。包裹体水的δDV-SMOW值为-44.4‰~-81.8‰,δ18O水值为0.01‰~6.65‰。成矿流体成矿初期为岩浆水或者混有少量变质水的混合水,成矿后期有大气降水的混入。Au在成矿流体中主要是以Au(HS)2-的形式进行迁移,其次为Au2S(HS)22-。 相似文献
8.
吉林省海沟石英脉型金矿床流体包裹体特征及地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
海沟金矿床地处夹皮沟-海沟成矿带东南端,为典型的石英脉型金矿。该矿床产于海西期花岗杂岩体中,由多条含金石英脉组成。成矿过程可分为4个阶段:Ⅰ. 钾长石-石英脉阶段;II. 乳白色石英-(少)黄铁矿-(少)金阶段;III. 多金属硫化物-石英-金阶段;IV. 碳酸盐-石英-黄铁矿阶段。流体包裹体研究表明,海沟金矿各阶段流体包裹体存在一定差异,早期成矿阶段(第Ⅱ阶段)以H2O-NaCl包裹体(Ⅰ类)为主,偶见含子晶包裹体(Ⅳ类);主成矿阶段(第Ⅲ阶段)以CO2-H2O-NaCl包裹体(II类)为主,并含有少量纯CO2包裹体(III类);成矿后阶段(第Ⅳ阶段)以H2O-NaCl包裹体(Ⅰ类)为主。早期成矿阶段、主成矿阶段、成矿后阶段均一温度范围分别为227~497℃、189~427℃、130~267℃,对应盐度分别为0.53%~10.23% NaCleqv、0.35%~9.23% NaCleqv、0.18%~3.27% NaCleqv。早期成矿阶段和主成矿阶段包裹体均一温度、盐度相对较高,成矿后阶段包裹体均一温度、盐度明显降低;在空间上,主成矿阶段矿床深部包裹体的盐度较矿床浅部偏高。拉曼和气相色谱结果显示,包裹体气相成分以H2O、CO2、N2、CH4、C2H6为主,并含有少量H2S,成矿流体为低盐度的H2O-CO2-NaCl±CH4流体;包裹体液相离子成分主要为Na+、K+、Ca2+、Cl-,个别包裹体中含有少量Mg2+、F-离子。主成矿阶段不同类型、不同相比包裹体均一温度相近,显示不混溶特征。流体减压引起的不混溶作用可能是海沟金矿金沉淀的主要原因。 相似文献
9.
早子沟金矿地处夏河—合作—岷县区域性深大断裂带南侧,在时空上受断裂和壳幔混合岩浆双重控制。通过对矿床主要控矿因素、矿石稀土地球化学、流体包裹体及S、H、O、Pb同位素的系统研究,在探讨成矿流体来源的基础上,对地幔流体参与金矿成矿作用的可能性进行了探讨。研究表明：矿石稀土元素配分模式表现出轻稀土富集的特征;矿床流体包裹体气相成分主要为H2O和CO2,含少量CH4、N2等,液相成分阳离子以Na+、K+为主,含少量Ca2+ 、Mg2+,阴离子以SO42-、Cl-为主;黄铁矿、辉锑矿矿物的?啄34 Sv-CDT介于-10. 30‰ ~ -4. 9‰之间,平均-8. 33‰,反映成矿作用过程有地层硫的加入;氢、氧同位素显示成矿流体既有岩浆水和地幔初生水的参与,亦有大气降水的加入;矿石铅同位素组成显示铅来源于壳幔的混合。以上说明成矿流体具多源性,暗示地幔流体参与了矿床成矿作用。 相似文献
10.
为了研究祁连山大雪山地区大气PM2.5细粒子中可溶性无机离子组分的变化特征, 于2010年7月至2011年7月在祁连山冰川与生态环境综合观测站附近采集46个大气PM2.5的Telfon滤膜样品, 并应用离子色谱对可溶性离子进行了分析.结果显示: 所测样品的阴、 阳离子中, SO42-、 NO-3、 Ca2+和NH+4的质量浓度分别为1.54μg·m-3、 0.38μg·m-3、 0.73μg·m-3和0.22μg·m-3, 累计约占到水溶性离子总量的88%.可溶性离子浓度呈现出春夏季节明显高于秋冬季节的特征, 夏季的浓度最高, 其次是春季、 冬季和秋季. Cl-、 Ca2+、 Na+和Mg2+之间的相关性极高, SO42-和NO-3与大部分阳离子的相关性都很高, 说明大部分硫酸盐是来自于中亚沙尘源区的自然源, 而并非是通过人类活动造成的一次污染物通过二次反应过程得到的. NH+4仅与SO42-通过相关性检验说明, 该地区NH3主要中和了大气中硫酸并生成(NH4)2SO4.该地区的大气环境主要来源于自然源的影响, 但夏季风期间人为污染排放已经不可忽视, 这也得到HYSPLIT后向轨迹模式的计算验证. 相似文献
11.
我国海洋地质分析测试技术 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
21世纪是海洋开发和利用的新世纪,随着国家对海洋地质调查工作的日益重视,海洋地质分析测试技术迎来了快速发展时期。本文对我国海洋地质分析测试技术的最新进展进行了简要评述:为满足海洋区域调查、海岸带地质调查的需要,建立了以大型分析仪器为主的多元素同时分析海洋地质样品的快速高效分析方法体系;针对新能源天然气水合物样品,开展了异常识别测试技术和应用测试技术研究,建立了用离子色谱法快速测定孔隙水中阴离子Cl-、Br-、SO42-和阳离子Na+、NH4+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+ 的方法,开发出了以声学、电阻、时域反射(Time Domain Reflectometry, 简称为TDR)三种探测技术为主的适用于天然气水合物模拟实验的探测新技术;对于海洋沉积物中有机污染物样品,采用复合固相萃取净化柱,对海洋沉积物萃取液样品进行净化分离,依次选用正己烷和正己烷－二氯甲烷混合液淋洗固相萃取净化柱,可有效保留基体杂质,实现了海洋环境地质调查中基质复杂沉积物样品的同时净化、分离与测试,可显著提高实验效率;同时在大洋矿产样品分析技术、海洋地质标准物质研制、船载与原位化学探测技术等方面也取得了重要进展。本文还提出在海洋调查和监测的应用中,船载及原位测试技术将愈趋重要,加强海洋化学传感器的性能和检测集成化技术是今后的一个重要发展方向。 相似文献
12.
再生水入渗携带的抗生素污染是地下水污染的来源之一,已经成为城市地下水资源的安全中不可忽视的问题。抗生素对复杂和脆弱地下水环境中的微生物群落及其功能的影响值得关注。本研究基于利用16S rRNA基因高通量测序方法,对3月和9月两个月份再生水渗入区城市地下水中微生物群落结构进行分析。结合现场调查测试和室内分析,测得样品中离子(K~+、Na~+、Ca2+、Mg2+、NH~+4、F~-、Cl~-、SO■、NO~-3、NO~-2、HCO~-3、CO■)浓度,并采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱技术测得主要的抗生素浓度(环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、氧氟沙星、莫西沙星、磺胺吡啶和磺胺醋酰),对研究区地下水环境中微生物群落结构及与环境因子的响应规律进行探讨。结果表明：(1)研究区内3月份地下水中抗生素浓度要高于9月份整体抗生素浓度,以磺胺醋酰和环丙沙星为主,此外除了季节因素外,人类活动可能是影响抗生素分布的又一因素;(2)微生物群落主要由变形菌门(Proteobacteria,81.0... 相似文献
13.
Water soluble components of PM10 Chongqing, China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The concentrations of water soluble ions (Na+, NH4
+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, NO3
-, Cl-, and SO
4
2-
) in PM10 samples collected on cellulose filters by a medium-volume cascade impactor were determined, which were obtained from three
kinds of areas in Chongqing: industrial area (Jiulongpo district), commercial and residential area (Jiangbei district) and
background area (Jinyun Mountain in the Beibei district). The results showed that except for the background site, the annual
average values of PM10 are 23% – 61% higher than the national air quality standard (GradeII) (0.1 mg/m3), even that the value of the control site is still 20% higher than American standard (0.05 mg/m3). This implied that serious pollution of fine particles occurred in Chongqing. Nine kinds of soluble ions in water of PM10 were analyzed by ion chromatography (IC) and the annual average concentrations follow the order of [SO
4
2-
] > [NO3
-] > [Cl-] > [F-], and [Ca2+] > [NH4
+] > [K+] > [Na+] > [Mg2+]. Their values were different in these areas: the industrial area > the commercial and living area > the control area. As
for NH4
+, K+, Ca2+, NO3
- and SO
4
2-
, their seasonal average concentrations show a similar variation trend: the values in spring and fall were higher than those
in summer and winter. The seasonal average concentrations of [Cl-], [F-], [Na+] and [Mg2+] are much lower than those of other ions. However, the concentrations of [Na+] changed more greatly in different seasons than those of the other three ions. Correlation coefficients showed that the three
areas have been polluted by coal smoke and dust to different extents, while some local resources of pollution should be taken
into consideration as well. 相似文献
14.
Zeng Yishan Wang Fengzhen He Zongli Liu Guoping Wang Chengqiang Hao Jicheng 《《地质学报》英文版》1986,60(4):43-55
On the basis of the mechanism of formation of mineral inclusions, it may be assumed that a certain relation exists between the compositions of fluid inclusions in various minerals formed at the same stage of hydrothermal activity. In order to study the genetic relationships between different minerals in the Bayan Obo iron deposit, the compositions(K~+, Na~+, Ca~+, Mg~+, F~+, Cl~+, CO_2~(2-), ΣSO_4~(2-) and pH) of inclusions in fluorite(23), hematite(13), magnetite(3), sodium pyroxene(2) and dolomite(5) from the main mine and the eastern mine were determined by using the vacuum decrepitation and leaching methods, and cluster analyses of the data on the compostions were made. The Q-mode cluster analysis indicates that some iron oxide minerals in the deposit are related to dolomite of sedimentary origin, while others are related to fluorite and sodium pyroxene--products of hydrothermal activity. The R-mode cluster analysis shows that the components of the leaching solution may be divided into two groups: one includes CO_2~(2-), Mg~(2+) and H~+(pH), which are obviously associated with dolomite; the other comprises Na~+, K~+, Ca~+, F~+, Cl~+ and SO_4~(2-), which may possibly represent the composition of hydrothermal solutions.The reaction of the Na-F-Cl solution(pH 4.72) with hematite dolomite at 300℃ and 5 × 10~7 Pa and under alternately"static and dynamic" conditions produced large amounts of hematite and fluorite and small amounts of smectite and Na(Fe) silicates, and the hematite-fluorite assemblage accords with the actual geological conditions in the deposit. From a comparison between the compositions of"static" and"dynamic" solution samples, it may be known that the flow reaction facilitates the migration of Fe, F, Ca and other components as well as Na-metasomatism(Na and Si are fixed in a solid phase).The study of the compositions of mineral inclusions and simulation experiments on hydrothermal metasomatism have provided new evidence for the hypothesis of metamorphosed-sedimentary and hydrothermal-remoulding origin of the Bayan Obo deposit, and pointed out emphatically that hydrothermal metasomatism plays an important role in the formation of the mineral deposit, particularly in the main and the east mine. 相似文献
15.
天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川融水径流水化学特征研究 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
2006年和2007年的整个消融期内,在天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川末端水文控制点逐日定时采集融水径流样品,对样品的主要可溶离子、pH、电导率EC、总溶解固体TDS和悬移质颗粒物SPM进行了分析. 结果表明：天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川融水径流离子类型为Ca2+-HCO3--SO42-,呈弱碱性. 融水径流中TDS变化受日径流量调节显著,表现为消融初期和末期浓度较高,消融强烈时浓度较低;SPM以细颗粒物质为主,各粒度组分含量变化幅度较大,且质量浓度SSC年内变化与TDS呈相反的变化趋势. 融水径流中离子组成主要受岩石风化作用影响,离子摩尔比值和Piper图分析表明,控制冰川径流离子组成的主要过程是碳酸盐、黄铁矿和长石类矿物风化作用. 相似文献
16.
N. Subba Rao Deepali Marghade A. Dinakar I. Chandana B. Sunitha B. Ravindra T. Balaji 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(21):747
A survey on quality of groundwater was carried out for assessing the geochemical characteristics and controlling factors of chemical composition of groundwater in a part of Guntur district, Andhra Pradesh, India, where the area is underlain by Peninsular Gneissic Complex. The results of the groundwater chemistry show a variation in pH, EC, TDS, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, HCO3 ?, Cl?, SO4 2?, NO3 ? and F?. The chemical composition of groundwater is mainly characterized by Na+?HCO3 ? facies. Hydrogeochemical type transits from Na+–Cl?–HCO3 ? to Na+–HCO3 ?–Cl? along the flow path. Graphical and binary diagrams, correlation coefficients and saturation indices clearly explain that the chemical composition of groundwater is mainly controlled by geogenic processes (rock weathering, mineral dissolution, ion exchange and evaporation) and anthropogenic sources (irrigation return flow, wastewater, agrochemicals and constructional activities). The principal component (PC) analysis transforms the chemical variables into four PCs, which account for 87% of the total variance of the groundwater chemistry. The PC I has high positive loadings of pH, HCO3 ?, NO3 ?, K+, Mg2+ and F?, attributing to mineral weathering and dissolution, and agrochemicals (nitrogen, phosphate and potash fertilizers). The PC II loadings are highly positive for Na+, TDS, Cl? and F?, representing the rock weathering, mineral dissolution, ion exchange, evaporation, irrigation return flow and phosphate fertilizers. The PC III shows high loading of Ca2+, which is caused by mineral weathering and dissolution, and constructional activities. The PC IV has high positive loading of Mg2+ and SO4 2?, measuring the mineral weathering and dissolution, and soil amendments. The spatial distribution of PC scores explains that the geogenic processes are the primary contributors and man-made activities are the secondary factors responsible for modifications of groundwater chemistry. Further, geochemical modeling of groundwater also clearly confirms the water–rock interactions with respect to the phases of calcite, dolomite, fluorite, halite, gypsum, K-feldspar, albite and CO2, which are the prime factors controlling the chemistry of groundwater, while the rate of reaction and intensity are influenced by climate and anthropogenic activities. The study helps as baseline information to assess the sources of factors controlling the chemical composition of groundwater and also in enhancing the groundwater quality management. 相似文献
17.
The Begnas Lake in the Pokhara Valley is one of the threatened habitats in Nepal. The major ion chemistry explains the status of most of the inorganic nutrients and their possible sources. However, the earlier studies mostly cover limnological investigations, and phytoplankton and zooplankton diversity. Thus, the present study has been conducted to investigate the geochemical processes and to examine the seasonal variation of chemical composition within Begnas Lake. The results showed that SO 4 2- , PO 4 3- , and NO 3 - increased compared with the previous values. The domination of Ca2+, Mg2+, and HCO 3 - explains the influence of carbonate weathering on the major ion concentration. In general, pH and dissolved oxygen decreased with the depth of water-column, while electric conductivity, total dissolved solids, HCO 3 - , Cl-, H4SiO4, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Mn2+, and Fe increased. Among the cations, the predominance of Ca2+ and Mg2+ as characterized by high (>0.6) (Ca2+ + Mg2+)/(Tz+) and (>0.8) (Ca2+ + Mg2+)/(Na+ + K+) equivalent ratios, also suggests prevalence of carbonate weathering. The low value of (Na+ + K+)/Tz+ ratio shows deficiency of Na+ and K+, suggesting low contribution of cations via aluminosilicate weathering. The C-ratio suggests a proton source derived both from oxidation of sulfide and dissolution and dissociation of atmospheric CO2 during different seasons. Though the major hydro-chemical parameters are within permissible limit, the increase in trophic state of the lake suggests that inherent biogeochemical processes make the limiting nutrients available, rendering eutrophic effect. Therefore, further comprehensive studies incorporating sediment–water interaction ought to be carried out to explain the ongoing phenomena and curb the eutrophication process in the lake. 相似文献
18.
Chandrashekhar Azad Vishwakarma Ratan Sen Neha Singh Priyadarshini Singh Vikas Rena Kumari Rina Saumitra Mukherjee 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2018,92(6):753-763
This paper focuses on the suitability of spring water for drinking and irrigation purposes in a part of eastern Himalaya, south Sikkim. There are many anthropogenic and geogenic factors contributing as a source of major cations and anions in the spring water. The spring water chemistry show a variation in EC, pH, TDS, Temperature, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Fe2+, Pb, Mn, Cu, HCO3-, Cl-, PO43-, NO3-, F- and SO42-. Mainly two types of water quality indexing has been used, one for suitability of spring water for drinking purposes and the other for irrigation purposes. For drinking purposes, Piper diagram used for determination of water type, water quality index (WQI) for quality monitoring and saturation index for mineral dissolution in water. % Na, RSC (Residual Sodium Carbon) and SAR (sodium absorption ratio) have been used for irrigation suitability. Piper diagram shows that CaHCO3 type of water was dominant in the study area. The WQI depicted excellent category and SAR, percent sodium and RSC (Residual Sodium Carbon) depict excellent, good and permissible category for irrigation purposes. Principle component analysis (PCA) was used to determine the major influencing factor responsible for the variability in the parameters analysed of spring water. 相似文献
19.
为研究大规模综合机械化采煤氮污染来源及影响程度,选取宁东煤炭基地侏罗纪煤田鸳鸯湖矿区的梅花井井田为研究对象,通过调查取样分析,对梅花井井田地下水三氮污染分布、物源、水文地质条件进行研究。结果表明:(1)宁东煤炭基地鸳鸯湖矿区梅花井井田三氮NH4+、NO3-、NO2-含量范围分别为0.06～0.12mg/L、4.67～234mg/L、0.01～2.01mg/L,与国家地下水质量标准Ⅲ类水质限值对比,NO2-达到重度或极严重污染,主要分布在潜水含水层;NO3-污染级别为中度、轻度污染,超标样点占调查样点的75%,垂向上已延伸到承压含水层。水平空间上无论矿权范围还是矿权外,污染样点均有存在。(2)部分水样中NO3-毫克当量百分数超过25%,对水化学类型产生影响。(3)煤矿区NO3-、NO2-的污染首先与丰富的物源有关,还受煤矿开采扰动、地形地貌条件、垂向补给径流、水文地球化学条件等因素的影响。研究结果为风积沙大型机械化煤矿开采区地下水氮污染的防治提供了可参考依据。 相似文献