共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 781 毫秒
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简述了我国隧道及地下工程的发展,介绍了当前隧道及地下工程的施工方法、辅助工法,并提出了施工中应注意的有关重要问题。 相似文献
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从构成城市建筑物的发展历史看，21世纪是人类开发利用地下空间的世纪。地下空间是国家的重要资源。全球陆地地表被各类工程建筑物等占去1／6，随着工业化、商业化、城市化进程的加快，人地矛盾加剧，土地的承载力加重，充分开发利用地下空间资源是必然趋势。城市地下空间开发利用技术的发展趋势是综合化、分层化与深层化、城市交通地下化等，提出了把地下空间开发作为国策、纳入城乡规划的法制轨道及加强地下空间的开发技术－岩土工程勘察技术、开挖技术和设计施工技术等建议。 相似文献
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An historical review of the geotechnical behaviour of the Northwich Rock Salt is presented as a forerunner to a numerical modelling analysis of the current stability of the Winsford salt mine, Cheshire. Extensive laboratory and in situ tests have been historically undertaken by the mine to characterise the strength and stiffness behaviour of the rock salt. Recent proposals to store waste within the Bostock No. 5 panel of the mine have lead to increasing concerns as to the current stability of the workings, as well as to the long term stability of the mine. This present study uses the wealth of geotechnical data to assess the current mine stability using numerical modelling techniques and validates the results against in situ roof to floor convergence data. The results indicate that the mine structures are stable. Convergence simulation using the numerical model compare favourably with the in situ monitoring data allowing greater con.dence to be placed in future predictions. 相似文献
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Jonathan D. Paul 《Geology Today》2009,25(1):12-17
Geology as a whole is the main influence on determining the feasibility of tunnelling for underground railways, and at what cost. Favourable conditions encouraged the early development of a network, significantly alter the methods used for construction, and are what form the tunnels, in terms of horizontal and vertical alignment. Local geology is shown, by means of two cross-sections following the tunnels, to be more important than the overall regional geology, where the underlying strata exhibit pronounced variations in permeability, and so mechanical properties. Geological complexities specific to the area of tunnelling generate problems during construction, but lead to technological innovation in the long term and a better understanding of local stratigraphy. As the result of this, and the increase in the quality of preliminary surveys, we are increasingly able to tunnel in areas previously considered treacherous. 相似文献
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随着我国社会经济的发展和城市化进程的加速,我国大城市土地资源变得紧缺。各要素的高度集聚出现各种矛盾,城市空间容量供需矛盾日益突出,使得地下空间开发的需求日趋明显,这也为城市地下空间开发带来机遇,但同时也面临种种挑战。本文从目前政策法规、开发现状及用途等存在问题入手,结合国外发达国家地下空间开发模式,提出我国城市地下空间健康发展的解决之道,以此展望我国城市地下空间发展前景。 相似文献
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湖南红层可分为钙泥岩、砂砾岩和钙质粗碎屑岩三大岩类。在此分类基础上。本文按岩性、地下水成因与斌存特征。将我省红层地下水划分为风化孔隙裂隙水、钙质泥岩溶蚀溶孔水、砂砾岩孔隙裂隙层间水、灰砾岩岩溶水和断裂构造水等五种类型。进而探讨了它们相互关系的概念模式,并阐述了各类型地下水的特征及其开发利用方式和前景。 相似文献
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地下气体的形成与地质构造或活动有关,导致地下气体的喷发或溢出主要有自然或人为（钻探或采矿等地下工程等）2种因素。20世纪初国内外开始关注地下气体的喷发或溢出,主要目的是用于地震监测或预报。随着人类活动空间的扩展和地球内部能量周期性聚集释放,地下气体向其它空间排放现象日趋频发,其主要成分有CH4、CO2、H2S等,是造成大气、地下水、土壤污染和人身伤害的主要原因之一。同时,大量文献和证据证明地震、温室效应、雾霾等与地下气体喷发或溢出有关。所以,地下气体泄漏是一种新型的地质灾害,属于民生地质的重要部分,涉及了诸多科学问题。本文结合南太行山前（鹤壁）由钻井工程诱发多起地下气体喷发或溢出现象,就其危害和成因进行了分析研究,并提出了具体的地质科学问题和建议。 相似文献
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矿区地下水系统及其特征分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文从系统论出发，提出了矿区地下水系统的概念模型，分析并阐述了矿区地下水系统的结构、功能、性质和特征。结合恩口煤矿实例，说明了矿区地下水系统的存在及其概念与模型在解决矿区水文地质过程中的作用。 相似文献
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This paper presents a case study of the analysis and design of slopes for the portal of an underground crude oil storage cavern site. The site selected for the slope study is characterized by residual soils and granitic rock formations, located in the southwestern part of India. It is observed that in tropical residual soils, most hillslope failures are caused by rainfall and thus it is important to consider hydrological conditions when attempting to analyze the stability of slopes in such material. Combinations of shallow slopes with lower overburden and high steep hillslope with large overburden were considered in the present study along with varying combinations of lateritic soils and weathered rock formations. The paper discusses the various investigations carried out to define the geotechnical properties of lateritic soil and weathered rock, followed by numerical modelling and remedial measures adopted to ensure the stability of slopes during design and construction phase. Since analysis and design procedures for such residual soils are not well established, comprehensive geological and geotechnical investigations were carried out prior to numerical model development for carrying out finite element studies in order to ascertain long term stability of slopes under differing ground conditions. The results of the stability analysis indicated that slope under existing condition were potentially unstable under rainy conditions and specific supporting measures were planned to ensure stability. Several alternatives were examined for improving the stability of slope taking into consideration existing facilities, space available for mobilization of equipments and environmental conditions in reference to specific project requirements. The convergence pattern obtained from geotechnical monitoring using optical targets along the slopes did not showed any alarming movement for over a year. 相似文献
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Toshiaki Makita Yoshiharu Miyanaga Keiji Iguchi Teruyoshi Hatano 《Engineering Geology》1993,35(3-4):191-198
In Japan, three underground crude-oil storage facilities with a total capacity of 5 million kl are under construction as a chain of the national oil storage project. Because the NATM method was used in this project, we applied a systematic work control system, consisting ofin situ measurements and engineering geological observations, including an original rock-mass classification system. The classification system used can be slightly modified depending upon site-specific geological conditions and the purposes of the facilities such as, i.e., an artificial water sealing system. 相似文献
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河西走廊深层地下水的赋存和开发 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
根据已有研究成果和勘探资料,将河西走廊深层地下水划分为早古生界、石炭系-二叠系、三叠系-侏罗系、白垩系-古近系、新近系-第四系下更新统5个层状含水岩组,分别论述了不同含水层的地质构造、岩性、厚度、分布规律、埋藏特征、富水性、地热及水文地球化学特征.重点研究了新近系-第四系下更新统含水层的地质结构和水文地质条件,自南而北将该含水层划分为山麓褶皱带、中央向斜带、单斜带三个贮水构造带.认为深层地下水的补给来源为上游祁连山区水文切割网基准面以下的基岩裂隙水,在地形和重力作用下,通过区域深大水资源循环系统,将山区地下水输送至盆地深部,但由于水循环深度达几千米甚至几十千米,径流十分缓慢,深部地下水的补给年龄可能大于1000a,并在白垩系、古近系和新近系中形成地热,取水温度一般可达60～70℃,预计单井出水量500～800 m3/d. 相似文献
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裸露型岩溶区因其特殊的地质环境条件而具有独特的岩溶水资源形成和分布规律,其地下水资源十分丰富,但由于时空分布极不均匀,开发利用程度低,导致脆弱的岩溶环境所形成岩溶干旱及岩溶洪涝等生态环境问题突出。本文通过对凯德场地下河系统的水文地质特征、地下水开发利用条件进行分析,提出了因地制宜的地下水开发利用方案,为改善流域农村饮水不安全局面及生态环境提供有效途径,实现环境、经济、社会的协调发展。 相似文献
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Dynamic Analysis of Underground Openings 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
Summary Stability analysis of the underground openings under earthquake induced dynamic loads has been carried out for the four underground openings, which exist at Koyna H.E Project, Koyna, India. Vertical and horizontal displacements, maximum compressive and tensile stresses occurring in the vicinity of these openings have been computed and are compared vis-à-vis the values obtained from the static analysis. A reasonably good agreement between the results has been noted. The minimum major principal stresses (tensile), which exist only in the vicinity of the underground openings, when static analysis is conducted are noted to spread over the entire rock mass when dynamic analysis is performed. The study presents a methodology, which can be used for checking the stability of the underground openings, under seismic loading conditions. 相似文献
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G.P. Kuzmin 《冰川冻土》2004,26(Z1):133-136
Thawing and freezing processes are developed subsequently with filling of constructed- in-permafrost underground reservoirs with water. The paper proposes an approximate method to assess these processes with instant filling of reservoirs with water. This method is based on experimentally found mechanism of water cooling in underground reservoirs. Calculation results are given showing effects on the reservoir radius during thaw/freeze cycles, on water and soil temperature as well as on water storage duration. 相似文献
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基于上海城市灾害特点与发展趋势的初步分析,提出充分利用地下空间资源、加强民防工程建设的建议,以有助于进一步提高上海防灾抗灾减灾综合能力。结合上海特殊的地质条件,分析了地下空间民防工程建设中的主要问题及其防治对策,以期提高城市土地综合利用效率,并有效保障城市安全与可持续发展。 相似文献