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1.
苏鲁三清阁榴辉岩中柯石英的发现及其地质意义探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在苏鲁三清阁多硅白云母榴辉岩中发现了柯石英包体,该榴辉岩与超高压含菱镁矿大理岩共生。石榴石中存在的柯石英残晶和多晶石英假相包体表明榴辉岩的变质压力超过2.8 GPa。运用石榴石–单斜辉石Fe2+–Mg温度计和多硅白云母压力计估算结果表明,矿物核部的平衡压力为3.1～3.5 GPa（T ＝650～689℃）,边部的平衡压力为2.9~3.3 GPa（T＝652～671℃）。与石榴石伴生的绿辉石普遍发育石英出溶结构。在磷灰石中观察到金属硫化物出溶体。磷灰石富含OH,F,Cl和S等挥发份,这些挥发性组分的深循环对地壳和地幔之间的相互作用研究具有重要意义。通过磷灰石,苏鲁—大别俯冲带能够将大量（～80 000 Mt）OH,F和Cl携带到地幔深处。 相似文献
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苏鲁榴辉岩中磷灰石的矿物学和微量元素地球化学 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
磷灰石是榴辉岩中最常见的副矿物之一,见证了高压-超高压变质岩从原岩形成、俯冲和折返所伴随的物理化学过程。为进一步揭示苏鲁超高压榴辉岩经历的物理和化学过程,我们对取自中国大陆科学钻探工程（CCSD）主孔岩心和苏北地表露头榴辉岩中的磷灰石进行了详细的岩相学分析和LA-ICP-MS原位微量元素分析。分析结果表明,在苏鲁榴辉岩中,磷灰石绝大多数是在超高压变质作用阶段重结晶生长的。未受退变质影响的磷灰石富含LREE和Sr元素,退变质作用促使磷灰石中活动性较强的LREE和Sr明显降低而HREE含量略微升高,并产生负Eu异常。磷灰石边部HREE的升高可能与折返过程中的升温作用和石榴子石分解有关,Eu负异常的产生可能还与退变质过程中发生了氧逸度fO2的降低有关;结合前人对磷灰石中“出溶”现象的研究,提出榴辉岩磷灰石中的独居石“出溶体”很可能是磷灰石与富含NaCl和硅酸盐的退变质流体发生交代反应所致,磷灰石中硫化物“出溶体”的形成除了氧逸度降低的原因外,可能也与折返过程中发生的短期升温作用有关。超高压变质岩从进变质-峰期→早期退变质→角闪岩相退变质阶段,变质流体可能经历了氧化→还原→氧化状态的复杂变化。 相似文献
3.
超高压榴辉岩中磷灰石的针状出溶物及其成因 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
金河桥榴辉岩是一含柯石英的超高压榴辉岩,其中的磷灰石中发现有针状出溶物,这些针状矿物长轴方向平行于磷灰石的c轴。根据电子探针分析结果,出溶物可能是以下三种矿物：独居石、黄铜矿和硅钍石(?)。它们的主要组成元素REE、S和Th等可以呈类质同象形式存在于磷灰石中,在超高压的条件下,由于温度相对较低,趋向于从寄主矿物中分离出来。矿物在高压下的这种“自净”行为可能是固态条件下矿物之间微量元素重新分配的一种方式,这种行为可能对地球不同层圈的化学组成演化有特别意义。 相似文献
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CCSD主孔榴辉岩中磷灰石微区微量元素和Sr同位素组成研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文利用LA-ICP-MS和LA-MC-ICP-MS对CCSD-MH中一件强退变多硅白云母榴辉岩中一粗粒(～2mm×6.5mm)磷灰石进行了详细的微区微量元素和Sr同位素组成研究。线扫描剖面分析和单点分析结果共同表明该磷灰石颗粒的微量元素和Sr同位素组成不均一。总体上Na、Sr、LREE、MREE、U、Th和Pb等元素具有从中心到两侧含量逐渐降低的特征。磷灰石主体部分HREE含量均一,但和石榴石紧密相邻的边部(～400μm)HREE显著富集。Na、Sr、LREE和MREE等元素在个别区域明显具有先升高、然后再降低的变化规律。磷灰石最边部(<200μm)相对于核部区域显著高~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr比值。结合磷灰石中微量元素分配和扩散行为的实验研究以及磷灰石晶体化学特征,磷灰石微量元素组成变化应主要记录了磷灰石复杂的生长过程。Sr、LREE和MREE从核部到边部逐渐降低的总体特征指示磷灰石从中心向两侧的生长过程,而局部出现的次级先升高—再降低的变化规律则反映了磷灰石经历的多次溶解和再生长作用。HREE含量均一的磷灰石主体形成于石榴石稳定存在的超高压变质作用阶段。和石榴石紧密相邻的磷灰石边部显著富集HREE的特征则是折返过程中短时增温作用导致石榴石释放HREE和/或退变质阶段石榴石分解释放HREE共同作用的结果。磷灰石最边部显著高~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr的特征则记录了角闪岩相退变质阶段多硅白云母的分解作用。 相似文献
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中国大陆科学钻探主孔榴辉岩中重晶石的发现及其意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在中国大陆科学钻探主孔榴辉岩中发现了重晶石。重晶石以包裹体形式保存在石榴子石中,多为浑圆状,表面积平均约250μm2。通过电子探针测试,重晶石中SrO含量大多超过20%,为锶重晶石,其化学分子式为(Ba0.4836~0.6180Sr0.3787~0.4722Ca0.0064~0.0889)S0.9688~0.9963O4。同时还发现榴辉岩中的石榴子石有柯石英假象,温压条件计算表明该榴辉岩的峰期温压条件为696~730℃,2.9~3.2GPa。电子探针成分测定包裹这些重晶石的石榴子石为峰期变质矿物,这进一步说明重晶石也经历过超高压变质。重晶石通常形成于强氧化和高盐度流体作用的条件下,本文的研究表明超高压变质过程中至少出现了一定范围内的强氧化环境和高盐度流体作用,但其地球动力学意义有待进一步研究。 相似文献
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大别山榴辉岩岩石学及地球化学特征 总被引：11，自引：2，他引：9
本文分析了大别山地区榴辉岩的产出特点,矿物化学、岩石化学及元素地球化学特征。所获资料表明大别山榴辉岩与围岩一起经历了超高压变质作用,但其化学成分特征与围岩存在一定的差异,兼有大陆玄武岩和大洋玄武岩的特征。这些岩石大部分可能为板块俯冲过程中带入的大洋岩石残片。在深部变质形成榴辉岩后又随大别杂岩一起被抬升到地表,在抬升过程中经历了不同程度的退变质作用。 相似文献
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在挪威西部片麻岩地区的(?)橄榄岩研究中,变质榴辉岩显示异常的Sr浓缩,在全岩分析中SrO最大为2.4％。在变质榴辉岩矿物中存在的最大Sr浓度是:斜长石9.6％ SrO,绿帘石8.5％,黝帘石7.4％斜黝帘石4.7％,杆沸石6.65％,磷灰石1.5％,葡萄石0.5％,榍石0.3％,角闪石0.2％以及Sr-长石22.6％。锶异常是由于榴辉岩在角闪岩化作用期间Sr带入而形成的。被带入的Sr的来源或许是邻近的角闪岩和在晚加里东期带入的。晶体化学研究表明,根据晶体化学现有的知识和痕量元素分布很可能能够预见在矿物相之间Sr的分布。 相似文献
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CCSD主孔100-1100m榴辉岩中单矿物的原位微区微量元素地球化学研究 总被引：4，自引：5，他引：4
本文通过对CCSD主孔100～1100m范围内榴辉岩中单矿物的LA-ICP-MS分析，探讨了榴辉岩中单矿物之间的微量元素分配，发现超高压变质作用中石榴石和绿辉石之间Ti和C0的分配显著受Mg控制（如DCo^Grt/Omp=3．43DMg^Grt/Omp-0．34），而REE、Sr和Y的分配则受Ca分配所控制。绿辉石中REE、Pb和Th的含量则明显受超高压副矿物磷灰石的出现与否所控制。结合岩石学特征，对角闪石和绿辉石中微量元素的研究表明角闪石主要是绿辉石退变质的产物。但退变质矿物的微量元素组成不仅受原矿物控制，而且受退变质矿物组合类型影响。绿帘石的出现会显著降低共生角闪石中LREE和Sr的含量，而多硅白云母的分解则会增加角闪石中的Rb、Ba含量。另外，退变质过程中的流体活动也会影响退变质矿物中的LREE、Sr和Pb等。结合REE在榴辉岩各主要矿物间分配系数随温度、压力的变化，我们推测部分石榴石边部MREE的富集特征可能反映榴辉岩在折返过程中经历了短时增温作用，这可能是引起苏鲁地区榴辉岩相向麻粒岩相转变叠加现象以及超高压岩石经历部分熔融作用的重要原因。此外，榴辉岩中金红石Nb和Ta组成的高度不均一性为金红石形成于超高压变质阶段富Ti磁铁矿相变作用的成因机制提供了佐证。 相似文献
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东海超高压榴辉岩中绿帘石、褐帘石、磷灰石和钍石集合体的电子探针成分和化学定年研究 总被引：2，自引：4，他引：2
中国大陆超深钻(CCSD)主孔从100米到3000米切穿含柯石英榴辉岩,为系统研究大陆深俯冲过程中含稀土元素副矿物提供了机会。本文报道了该钻孔榴辉岩存在发现的绿帘石、褐帘石、磷灰石和钍石复合颗粒。它们以同心环带结构为特征,从边部向中心依次为绿帘石、褐帘石和磷灰石;钍石既可包裹再磷灰石中,也可见于褐帘石中。电子探针分析显示,褐帘石不仅含有较高的轻稀土元素(LREE2O3=23．36wt％),而且可含有2．6wt％ThO2。根据绿帘石和褐帘石的电子探针高分辨U、Th、Pb成分计算得到绿帘石边部的形成年龄为738±88Ma,该年龄与大别-苏鲁地体榴辉岩的元古代源岩的年龄相当,因此,绿帘石可能为残留相。相反,褐帘石的年龄为220±41Ma,与大别-苏鲁超高压变质年龄相近。因此,褐帘石与磷灰石和钍石一起应该为超高压变质事件的产物。根据绿帘石、褐帘石及其共生的磷灰石和钍石的结构、成分特征和化学定年结果,我们推测绿帘石与可能已完全消耗的独居石很可能为变质副矿物组合的先驱矿物。独居石-绿帘石复合颗粒在榴辉岩相高压／超高压变质过程中反应形成磷灰石+钍石+褐帘石组合。 相似文献
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Eclogites of the D'Entrecasteaux Islands 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Eclogitic rocks of the D'Entrecasteaux Islands, Papua New Guinea, are of three types: true eclogites of omphacite-garnet-rutile; retrogressed or S-stage eclogites in which some omphacite has altered to symplectites of albite and less-jadeitic clinopyroxene (or amphibole); and rocks that are eclogites in all respects except that clinopyroxene is jadeitic diopside (Jd<20) rather than omphacite. The rocks of the third group equilibrated in eclogite facies P-T conditions and, we conclude, are Na-poor eclogites, rather than granulites; i.e., low Na in the bulk rock is the reason for low jadeite content of clinopyroxene. Bulk rock chemical data confirm low Na and Si. Other prograde phases in the ecologitic rocks are kyanite, quartz, epidote group minerals and phengite and, in the low-Na group, orthopyroxene. Post-eclogite phases are amphibole, epidote group minerals, phengite and albite and, in the Na-poor eclogites, late phlogopite, calcic plagioclase, rare scapolite, and sulfides. The eclogitic rocks occur as lenticular boudins and small concordant tabular bodies within a 2–3 km thick sequence of migmatitic gneisses and, less commonly, in granodiorite. The gneiss sequence is bounded by detachment faults above and by younger granodiorite below, and is folded into broad antiforms. The three types of eclogite equilibrated at temperatures ranging from 530 to 840°C and pressures of 12 to 24 kbar. The metamorphic complex developed during Early Cenozoic subduction and arc-continent collison, and was elevated and exposed during Mid and Late Cenozoic crustal extension. The thermal gradient during subduction averaged 10°C/km and remained low during initial uplift, increasing to 18°C/km subsequently. Uplift averaged about 1 mMa-1 from 60 to 5 Ma, then about 4 mMa-1. 相似文献
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《International Geology Review》2012,54(10):911-924
Mineralogy and petrography of six eelogite xenoliths from the Obnazhennaya kimberlite pipe ar e described. Based upon modal and mineral compositions, these eclogites can be divided into Group A (five samples) and Group B (one sample), as per Coleman et al. (1965) and Shervais et al. (1988). Group-A eclogites are orthopyroxene-bearing, and their constituent minerals have high Mg# and Cr2O3 content. The clinopyroxenes in this type of eelogite have low jadeite component. The geochemical features of Group-A eclogites are similar to garnet pyroxenite, and e believed to be the product of high-pressure fractionates from an alkaline basaltic melt in thear upper mantle. Group-B eelogite (0-82/91) contains higher Al2O3 and FeO and lower MgO and Cr2O3; its composition is similar to a high-aluminum basalt or gabbro. This eelogite could have crystallized under high pressure in the upper mantle from a basaltic melt, without significant fractionation. Alternatively, it also could be the relict of subducted oceanic crust. However, no evidence exists at present that definitively indicates a crustal origin for this Group-B eelogite xenolith. 相似文献
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The Western Gneiss Region (WGR) marks the outcrop of a composite terrane consisting of variably re-worked Proterozoic basement and parautochthonous or autochthonous cover units. The WGR exhibits a gross structural, petrographic and thermobarometric zonation from southeast to northwest, reflecting an increasing intensity of Scandian (late Palaeozoic) metamorphic and structural imprint. Scandian-aged eclogites have been widely (though for kinetic reasons not invariably) stabilised in metabasic rocks but have suffered varying degrees of retrogression during exhumation. In the region between the Jostedal mountains and Nordfjord, eclogites commonly have distinctively prograde-zoned garnets with amphibolite or epidote–amphibolite facies solid inclusion suites and lack any evidence for stability of coesite (high pressure [HP] eclogites). In the south of this area, in Sunnfjord, eclogites locally contain glaucophane as an inclusion or matrix phase. North of Nordfjord, eclogites mostly lack prograde zoning and evidence for coesite, either as relics or replacive polycrystalline quartz, is present in both eclogites (ultrahigh pressure [UHP] eclogites) and, rarely, gneisses. Coesite or polycrystalline quartz after coesite has now been found in eight new localities, including one close to a microdiamond-bearing gneiss. These new discoveries suggest that, by a conservative estimate, the UHP terrane in the WGR covers a coastal strip of about 5000 km2 between outer Nordfjord and Moldefjord. A “mixed HP/UHP zone” containing both HP and UHP eclogites is confirmed by our observations, and is extended a further 40 km east along Nordfjord. Thermobarometry on phengite-bearing eclogites has been used to quantify the regional distribution of pressure (P) and temperature (T) across the WGR. Overall, a scenario emerges where P and T progressively increase from 500°C and 16 kbar in Sunnfjord to >800°C and 32 kbar in outer Moldefjord, respectively, in line with the distribution of eclogite petrographic features. Results are usually consistent with the silica polymorph present or inferred. The P–T conditions define a linear array in the P–T plane with a slope of roughly 5°C/km, with averages for petrographic groups lying along the trend according to their geographic distribution from SE to NW, hence defining a clear field gradient. This P–T gradient might be used to support the frequently postulated model for northwesterly subduction of the WGC as a coherent body. However, the WGC is clearly a composite edifice built from several tectonic units. Furthermore, the mixed HP/UHP zone seems to mark a step in the regional P gradient, indicating a possible tectonic break and tectonic juxtaposition of the HP and UHP units. Lack of other clear evidence for a tectonic break in the mixed zone dictates caution in this interpretation, and we cannot discount the possibility that the mixed zone is, at least, partly a result of kinetic factors operating near the HP–UHP transition. Overall, if the WGC has been subducted during the Scandian orogeny, it has retained its general down-slab pattern of P and T in spite of any disruption during exhumation. Garnetiferous peridotites derived from subcontinental lithospheric mantle may be restricted to the UHP terrane and appear to decorate basement-cover contacts in many cases. P–T conditions calculated from previously published data for both relict (Proterozoic lithospheric mantle?) porphyroclast assemblages and Scandian (subduction-related?) neoblastic assemblages do not define such a clear field gradient, but probably record a combination of their pre-orogenic P–T record with Scandian re-working during and after subduction entrainment. A crude linear array in the P–T plane defined by peridotite samples may be, in part, an artifact of errors in the geobarometric methods. A spatial association of mantle-derived peridotites with the UHP terrane and with basement-cover contacts is consistent with a hypothesis for entrainment of at least some of them as “foreign” fragments into a crustal UHP terrane during subduction of the Baltic continental margin to depths of >100 km, and encourages a more mobilistic view of the assembly of the WGC from its component lithotectonic elements. 相似文献
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Available data on the stability of amphibolites and the basalt-eclogite transition allow an estimate of the stability field of eclogites in wet systems. It appears that if water and load pressures are comparable, eclogites cannot be stable in the crust; the formation of eclogites in the crust requires moderate total pressures and low water pressures. If the reactions forming eclogites occur in essentially dry rocks, their formation may reflect kinetic as well as equilibrium factors. 相似文献
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Prograde and Retrograde Eclogites in the Sambagawa Metamorphic Belt, Besshi District, Japan 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
In the Besshi district of the Sambagawa metamorphic belt, thereare two types of eclogites: one occurring in the Sebadani metagabbromass and retrograded from high-temperature anhydrous ecologite,and the other in the basic schists and produced by prograde,dehydration of epidote amphibolite. The Sebadani metagabbro mass was originally layered gabbro,which was once equilibrated in the ecologite facies before emplacementinto the Sambagawa terrain as a hot eclogite mass. Basic schistssurrounding the Sebadani mass, which had suffered the Sambagawametamorphism of albite epidote amphibolite facies, were contact-metamorphosedat high pressure by the emplacement of the Sebadani mass. Asa result, the basic schists were dehydrated to form eclogiticbasic schists, i.e. garnet and omphacite porphyroblast-bearingbasic schists. Thus, two types of ecologite, retrograde andprograde, converged into the same metamorphic condition, 610–650?C, 7–17 kb, in a part of the ecologite facies duringthe Sambagawa metamorphism. Correspondingly, the values of distributioncoefficients of Fe and Mg between garnet and omphacite increasefrom core pairs to rim pairs in the retrograde eclogites anddecrease from core pairs to rim pairs in the prograde ecologites.After this stage, both the prograde and retrograde eclogitesshared a common metamorphic history; they were retrograded viathe epidote amphibolite facies to the greenschist facies. The Sebadani metagabbro mass, as a large tectonic block, hadbeen emplaced into a m?lange zone in the Sambagawa metamorphicbelt after the peak of the Sambagawa metamorphism, probablyfollowing initiation of uplift of the metamorphic rocks fromtheir deep-seated environment. 相似文献
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本文着重讨论苏北、胶南地区的榴辉岩的地质、岩石学和矿物学特征及其成因。依据野外地质产状,该区榴辉岩可分三种类型,即产于超基性岩中的Ⅰ类榴辉岩;产于片麻岩、片岩中的Ⅱ类榴辉岩;以及产于大理岩中的Ⅲ类榴辉岩。Ⅰ类榴辉岩可能是超基性岩带上来的幔源榴辉岩团块,其结晶温压为570℃,16×108Pa,后在区域变质作用下再平衡;Ⅱ类和Ⅲ类榴辉岩可能是基性岩经区域高压变质的产物,其形成条件分别为620—640.℃,14—15x10Pa到560℃,13.8×108Pa和670—690℃,14—24×108Pa到745—758℃,15—22×108Pa。不同类型榴辉岩形成温压相近,但其温压的形成机制不同。 相似文献
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Two types of eclogite pebbles were discovered in Middle to Upper Jurassic conglomerates from the Hefei Basin north of the Dabie ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) terrain, China. Type A eclogite pebbles are characterized by idioblastic garnet with well preserved chemical zonation. Si content in phengite is lower than 3.5 per formula unit (pfu). The maximum metamorphic pressure is lower than 2.5 GPa, and the temperature is below 600 °C. Type B eclogite pebbles contain coesite pseudomorphs in xenoblastic garnet. Si content in phengite is higher than 3.5 pfu. The maximum metamorphic pressure is 2.8–4.0 GPa at 700 °C indicating UHP metamorphism.
Types A and B eclogite pebbles are comparable with eclogites occurring in the southern portion of the Dabie UHP terrain. Based on the petrologic similarities and northeastwards directed paleocurrents, we infer that the eclogite pebbles were eroded from the Dabie UHP terrain. Sandstones containing detrital phengite with Si content higher than 3.5 pfu are also derived from UHP rocks. These petrologic and stratigraphic data place time constraints on exhumation and erosion history of the Dabie UHP terrain. 相似文献