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1.
Abbas Abbaszadeh Shahri Katayoun Behzadafshar Roshanak Rajablou 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2013,6(3):881-892
The seismic response of existing earth dams in Iran is important after an earthquake both to provide emergency supplies and to society as well as to ensure structural safety in engineering terms. Better seismic capacity of earth dam results in less structural damage and reduced impacts following an earthquake disaster. Indirect as well as direct costs following earthquakes have gained much attention from both the engineering and socioec onomic research communities in the last few decades. This study is a valuable tool used to study the response of geotechnical structures to infrequent or extreme events such as earthquakes. The Avaj earthquake (2002, Iran) was applied to a series of model tests which was conducted to study the response of soil profiles under seismic loading. The acceleration records at different locations within the soil bed and at its surface along with the settlement records at the surface were used to analyze the soil seismic response. A combination of several software packages with a generated visual user interface computer code by authors named as “Abbas Converter” were employed to evaluate the variation of shear modulus and damping ratio with shear strain amplitude to assess their effects on site response. The proposed method was applied to the Korzan earth dam of Hamedan province in Iran. Site response analysis using the measured shear wave velocity, estimated modulus reduction, and damping ratio as input parameters produced good agreement with the computed site response in this study. 相似文献
2.
MCDM (multi-criteria decision making) techniques are used to choose the best alternative among the relevant ones and rank the others. In this research, MCDM techniques were used to choose and rank the best places for constructing storage dams in Iran. To achieve this goal, the relevant information and data about dam construction situations were collected. Then, the recommended places for constructing storage dams were ranked by using MCDM techniques and according to the most suitable criteria which have been chosen based on experts’ opinions. To rank dam constructing project, three MCDM techniques, i.e., TOPSIS, AHP, and DEMATEL, were used. The results showed that the application of MCDM models by putting emphasis on economic, social, political, and technical criteria enables government and watershed managers to choose the best alternative(s) for constructing a storage dam. 相似文献
3.
Industrial sites are key factors in urban and regional land use planning. Therefore, determining the location of industrial areas is a critical and complex process for development and success. Industrial site selection aims in identifying the most suitable sites for industry creation, considering a set of influential criteria. Therefore, site selection generally and industrial site selection specifically can be categorised as a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem that requires detailed evaluation of various dimensions. This study developed a set of clusters containing 10 selection criteria for industrial site selection in Isfahan metropolitan area, Iran. The relationships between the criteria and clusters were modelled and analysed using analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and analytical network process (ANP). AHP and ANP agree in finding distance to water bodies and distance to other industries as the most and least important selection criteria. Four patches have been identified as suitable alternatives for industrial construction. While AHP found Borkhar Patch 1 as the most appropriate alternative, ANP demonstrated the superiority of Ardestan Patch over others. Conducting a sensitivity analysis for the models confirmed both models robustness in industrial site selection decisions. 相似文献
4.
M. A. Fazeli 《Environmental Geology》2007,51(5):791-796
Salman Farsi is an arch-gravity dam. It is 125 m high and located on the Ghareh-Agaj River in Fars province, south of Iran.
From the geological and hydrogeological point of view, this dam is one of the most complicated sites in Iran. Existence of
40 springs at the river level (including hot springs), and many faults and crushed zones are part of these complications.
The dam site is famous for its numerous big caverns. Main characteristics of the rock mass are: (1) low permeable limestone
of moderate to high strength, (2) high karstification generally localized around intersection of faults or discontinuities.
The main purpose of grout curtains is to change the hydrogeological characteristics (reducing the permeability) of the rock
mass. Constructing a grout curtain in a karstic environment with a high random distribution of karst features contains some
uncertainties and surprises cannot be excluded.
During the excavation of grouting galleries, some big caverns at both abutments were discovered. The volume of the biggest
one (Golshan’s Cave) exceeds 150,000 m3. A large-scale underground geotechnical treatment is needed to improve the water tightness of the dam site. 相似文献
5.
Identification of hazardous waste landfill site: a case study from Zanjan province, Iran 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
Mashalah Khamehchiyan Mohammad Reza Nikoudel Mehdi Boroumandi 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2011,64(7):1763-1776
The study of landfill sites is one of the most important studies in landfill engineering, and the landfill site selection
involves combination of engineering, science, and politics. This paper describes a comprehensive hazardous waste landfill
site selection methodology with the combined utilization of geographic information system and multiple criteria analysis methods,
as applied to the Zanjan province in Iran. The six main data categories that were used are geological/engineering geological,
geomorphological, hydrological/hydrogeological, climatological, pedological, and social/economical criteria, which included
31 input layers in total. A suitability map for hazardous waste landfilling was prepared for study area with five classes
from most suitable to completely unsuitable. Finally, out of the three sites, one site was selected which was chosen by the
local authorities. Our work offers a comprehensive methodology and provides essential support for decision-makers in the assessment
of hazardous waste management problems in Zanjan province in I.R. Iran and other developing cities in other countries. 相似文献
6.
One of the most important dangers that treat earth dams which can lead to interior failure over a prolonged period is the
hydraulic fracturing factor. In the case of zoned dams, due to differences in stiffness of the core and its abutment zone,
differential settlements occur between them. This factor is responsible for the arching phenomenon. Differential settlements
between core and shell cause cracks within the core initially sub-surface, Those cracks may develop the first impounding causing
internal erosion on the dam core. In this research, using a computer modeling of Ghavoshan rockfill dam (located the west
part of Iran) as a case study computed by SIGMA/W program, the role of the dam core shape on those factors is demonstrated.
It is found that an inclined core shape is preferred in a condition that is especially important settlements of construction
during for dam body. The result of finite element analysis indicates desired conditions from the point of view of stress,
deformation and resistance against hydraulic fracturing for the same width of dam designs. Moreover, this can be higher priority
for embankment dam designs. 相似文献
7.
8.
本文在研究清江流域及外围区域地震地质条件和地震分布规律的基础上，划分了１、２个潜在震源区，并确定其相应的地震活动性参数，同时探讨区域地震烈度衰减规律及各潜在震源区对隔河岩和水布垭两坝址的影响烈度、进而复泊松模型，评价两坝址的地震危险性，获得了丙坝址不同期限内的地面峰值加速度及其相应的超越概率。根据对比分析，水布垭坝址的地震危险性比隔洒岩坝址小。 相似文献
9.
《地学前缘(英文版)》2021,12(4)
Since incorrect site selection has sometimes led to the failure of artificial recharge projects,it is necessary to increase the effectiveness of such projects and minimize their failure by employing new techniques.Therefore,the present research used a combination of decision-making models,numerical groundwater modeling and clustering technique to determine suitable sites for implementation of an artificial recharge project.This hybrid approach was employed for the Yasouj aquifer located in southwestern Iran.In the first stage,by employing an AHP decision-making model,hydraulic conductivity,specific yield,slope,land use,depth to groundwater,and aquifer thickness were selected from 21 criteria used in previous research.The selected criteria were then entered as input into the classical k-means clustering model.Using the output,aquifer was divided into seven different regions or clusters.These clusters were then matched with the land use map,and some of the abandoned land areas were selected as the final option for implementing the artificial recharge project.Finally,the MODFLOW code in the GMS software was used to simulate the groundwater level and cluster the sites selected,with regards to increase in groundwater level.Results indicated that the most significant increases in groundwater level(43 and 27 cm) were those of Clusters 2 and 6 in the northern and western parts of the aquifer,respectively.Therefore,this approach can be used in other similar aquifers in arid and semi-arid regions to select the best sites for artificial recharge and to prevent loss of floodwaters. 相似文献
10.
Mahdi Rasouli Maleki 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2011,44(6):695-710
Havasan dam site is located in northwest of Iran. The planned concrete dam is to be built on Cretaceous limestone. Faulted
and fractured limestone is exposed at the dam abutments and in the reservoir area. Rock mass properties including the deformation
modulus and uniaxial compressive strength were calculated using different rock mass classification systems (RMR, Q, GSI and
DMR). Laboratory tests indicate that joint filling materials contain clay with low to high plasticity (CL to CH) and low to
medium potential swelling pressures. X-ray diffraction analysis confirms that the reason for potential swelling of joint fillings
is the existence of clay minerals (such as illite and montmorillonite). The study results about the shear strength of clay-filled
joints show that under JRC–JCS condition (laboratory scale), JRC
n
–JCS
n
(large scale) and normal stress equal to 0.25–4 MPa, the range of shear strength of clay-filled joints will be equal to 0.2–2.17
and 0.14–1.72 MPa. In some areas dissolution along the joints results in high permeability, especially in the right abutment.
Three dominant joint sets occur in the exploration galleries which have been excavated in the right abutment. The maximum
aperture of these joints varies from 7 to 9 cm, and the joints are typically filled with clay. Preliminary analysis shows
that the presence of open joints which will cause seepage of water, combined with the impact of the clay-filled joints and
forces acting on the slopes, could lead to slope failures and rock falls. In addition, the assessment of slope stability results
in abutments using limited equilibrium method and Swedge software under dynamic and static conditions shows that two wedges
formed on the slopes of the abutment by the natural joints are potentially unstable. The rock wedge on the left abutment is
smaller but presents higher sliding potential. In addition, there is no probability of planar failure due to the geological
condition of the dam abutments. This paper summarizes the site investigation and subsequent analysis, which resulted in a
recommendation not to construct this site. We offer some potential mitigation plans to consider if a dam were to be built
at this site. 相似文献
11.
Gyoo-Bum Kim 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,69(6):2059-2072
Though the geologic barrier surrounding a dam reservoir plays an important role in preventing water seepage to the outside of a reservoir, a detailed survey to assess bedrock conditions of the whole reservoir boundary is seldom performed when designing a dam. In this study, a variety of investigations and analyses have been conducted to reveal a seepage phenomenon through a reservoir boundary composed of highly fractured metamorphic rocks at the Daechung multipurpose dam. At the study site, groundwater levels at monitoring wells located close to a reservoir tend to change proportionally to reservoir water levels, usually with a rapid response time of 1 day or less. Soil moisture content also changes with respect to the reservoir water level, and the area where seepage from the reservoir is a possibility has a relatively high soil moisture content. The similarity of measured seepage rates at the outflow site and the seepage rate estimated by Darcy’s law suggests strong connectivity and high density of the fractures. The estimated seepage rate using a numerical model for the northernmost valley (Zone 1) is approximately 127.2 m3/day in the case of high reservoir water level and 24.3 m3/day in the case of low water level. Continuous monitoring to obtain time series data for water levels, quality, and bedrock displacement is recommended to assess the sustainable stability of this geologic barrier. 相似文献
12.
Ahmed S. El-Hames 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2012,5(6):1359-1366
The predicted relationship between water table rise and time behind a constructed underground dam is established in this paper based on a semi-physically based approach. This approach utilizes values of the most effective actual groundwater aquifer properties. Robustness of this approach was tested by applying it to a number of proposed underground dam sites in two real aquifers, in addition to a number of hypothetical cases. Results were compared with MODFLOW simulation outputs for these cases, and the comparison is found to be very encouraging. 相似文献
13.
为了保证土坝安全,水利工程中需要对土坝进行渗流计算,首先需要确定自由面。根据达西定律和渗流连续方程,以及水头和流量边界条件,建立了不透水地基上的均质土坝渗流的计算模型。利用Geoslope软件,采用有限元离散的方法计算了土坝的渗流自由面,并分析了土坝在不同的渗透系数情况下的自由面位置的差异。最后,解析解计算的自由面结果验证了有限元计算自由面方法是正确的。 相似文献
14.
This paper discusses the results of the engineering geological and geotechnical investigations that have been carried out
at the Daroongar dam site. According to the geomorphology and geological conditions and economic reason, the dam has been
designed as an earth dam with a clay core. The dam foundation is composed of a sequence of sandy limestone and limy marl of
the Upper Cretaceous period. This study is based on field and laboratory investigations, surface discontinuity surveying,
drilled borehole data and permeability of dam foundation. The present studies include the evaluation of the dam foundation
by water pressure tests. The water pressure tests indicate the necessity to provide a grout curtain below the dam foundation.The
geology of the Daroongar dam foundation has a significant influence on the permeability and groutability characteristics.
The permeability of jointed rock masses is strongly depended on joint characteristics; degree of jointing, opening, continuity
and presence of filling materials. The laboratory tests included tests for unit weight, porosity, uniaxial, triaxial, tensile
strength and deformation parameters. The strength and modulus of elasticity of rock masses were determined using the Hoek–Brown
empirical strength criterion. The rock mass qualities and classifications of the dam site is assigned using the rock mass
rating (RMR), the rock quality (Q) and the geological strength index (GSI) classification systems. 相似文献
15.
In this work, a two-dimensional fourth-order Boussinesq-type numerical model is applied to estimate the impact of landslide-generated
waves in dam reservoirs. This numerical model has recently been extended for simulating subaerial landslides. The extended
model is validated using available three-dimensional experimental data, and a good agreement is obtained. The numerical model
is then employed to investigate the impact of landslide-generated waves in two real cases, the Maku and Shafa-Roud dam reservoirs
in the northwestern and the north of Iran, respectively. Generated wave heights, wave run-up, maximum wave height above dam
crest, and dam overtopping volume have been estimated for each case. The amplitude of generated waves about 18 and 31 m and
the volume of dam overtopping up to 80,000 m3 emphasize the importance of the estimation of the landslide-generated waves in dam sites. 相似文献
16.
The Tabarak Abad Dam on the river Tabarak, a branch of Atrak river, is located about 25 km of northeast of Quchan city in the northeast of Iran. The dam is now under construction and will be completed in 2002. The Tabarak Abad Dam has been designed as an earthfill dam with a clay core. The dam and its associated concrete structures are mainly founded on limestone and shale of the Shoorigeh formation of Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous age and limestone and sandstone of the Tirgan formation of Lower Cretaceous age. These rocks are affected by high jointing and faulting especially in the surface. This paper discusses the site investigation for the dam. 相似文献
17.
N. Janardhana Raju T. V. K. Reddy P. Muniratnam Wolfgang Gossel Peter Wycisk 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):657-665
Overuse of groundwater in coastal areas, due to high population and agricultural activity results in seawater intrusion into the coastal aquifer. This paper presents the control measures taken to manage aquifer recharge (MAR) and also to overcome the problem of seawater intrusion into the coastal aquifer along the Kalangi river, Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh, India having connectivity with Pulicat (saltwater) lake estuary. Due to overexploitation of groundwater and less rainfall in past years, adjacent seawater has started intruding in the Kalangi river sub-surface and deteriorating groundwater quality up to 11.6 km from the confluence of the river with Pulicat lake. To prevent this situtation, subsurface dams were constructed in traditional manner using local earth material in three different places across the Kalangi river near Sullurpet town. The water storage capacities calculated after the sub-surface dams’ construction are 1.28 mcft at GK Engineering College, 6.23 mcft at Challamagudi and 3.143 mcft at Holy Cross School sites. The Holy Cross School sub-surface dam is the first full scale dam-cum-check dam constructed to prevent salt water intrusion in the Kalangi river at Sullurpet, Nellore district, Andhra Pradesh. At the Kalangi river estuary portion (at the mouth of sea) a groyne was reconstructed over old groyne site with the introduction of clay bed and wooden sheet piles at down stream. Apart from prevention of sea water entry into Kalangi river sub-surface (during seasons) the groyne top level was raised to prevent mixing of high sea water tides with fresh water and ensuring additional storage of fresh water at upstream side. The reconstructed groyne was serving the purpose of obstructing the surface seawater entry in the Kalangi river and water quality has improved in the river as well as in the wells. After construction of sub-surface dam, as per the Simpson ratio classification, there is substantial improvement of water quality in the SHAR infiltration well situated near the Holy Cross School sub-surface dam. 相似文献
18.
A. Varadarajan 《Engineering Geology》1975,9(1):53-62
A case study of an earth dam under construction in the Siwalik sedimentary rocks in North India is presented. The dam site is located in a seismically active zone. The shear zones incorporated in the rocks during folding control the stability of the dam foundations. Because the shear zones crop out in the river bed at different locations along the dam axis, the dam foundation is comprised of discrete blocks of varying resistance. The mechanism of stability is greatly influenced by the disposition of shear zones and the relevant analysis is three dimensional. 相似文献
19.
Ahmad Rastegarnia Abdollah Sohrabibidar Vahid Bagheri Mehdi Razifard Abbas Zolfaghari 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2017,35(4):1299-1310
Seepage through foundation and abutments of a dam can potentially result in a waste of the water stored in dam reservoir, erosion of foundation materials, and development of uplift pressure in dam foundation which, consequently, threatens the long-term stability of the dam. In this study, the grout volume is estimated based on parameters such as joint aperture, the maximum penetration length of the grout, and calculated grout take in Bazoft dam site. Bazoft Dam is a hydroelectric supply and double-curvature arch dam with a height of 211 m located in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province of Iran. The bedrock of Bazoft dam site consists of Asemari Formation (limy marl and marly lime), in the middle and upper parts of left abutment, and Jahrom Formation (limestone and dolomite) in the right abutment, river bed, and lower part of left abutment. The joint apertures were calculated based on the permeability and the joint spacing. Next, the maximum penetration length of the grout and grout volume were calculated. Using a statistical analysis, the relationship of the joint aperture, maximum penetration length, and the calculated grout volume with real grout take was also investigated. The results show that the grout take can be predicted with appropriate accuracy based on the calculated grout volume. 相似文献
20.
J. Phillips M. Gholamalifard 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2016,13(6):1615-1624
Iran has been seeking to develop fully functional waste management strategies to address the problem of its rapidly growing cities. This requires proper evaluation to determine the most appropriate strategies to meet the goals of sustainable waste management. Environmental Impact Assessment is capable of contributing towards this goal. However, such assessments tend to involve a qualitative approach in the evaluation of the sustainability or unsustainability of potential options. Therefore, a suitable quantitative approach to evaluate sustainability/unsustainability is necessary. The paper applies a mathematical model to evaluate the sustainability of unmitigated options for a municipal solid waste disposal site in Tabriz, Iran. This was based upon rapid impact assessment matrix evaluation of the options. The model’s application determines whether the options are sustainable or unsustainable. The model application results indicate that all of the options were considered as unsustainable in an unmitigated state. The results for Tabriz were then compared and contrasted with results obtained by the authors for another MSW disposal site near Tehran. Based on this, there are questions as to the potential value of current waste management strategies. The paper concludes by stating that economic costs are the largest single barrier to achieving sustainable waste management. Furthermore, it is important to develop solutions which disposes and manages waste in a manner conducive to the long-term sustainability of the environment–human relationship. 相似文献