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In order to examine the relationship between anomalous crustal deformations and subsequent large earthquakes, we compiled and examined data on preseismic anomalous crustal deformations for two earthquakes that occurred in and around the Japanese Islands in recent years. We found that the slip on a downward extension of a seismogenic fault accelerates before the main shock and that the average slip velocity is inversely proportional to the time remaining until the main shock occurs. 相似文献
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Grigory I. Dolgikh Mstislav N. Dubrov Stanislav G. Dolgikh Sergei N. Kovalev Vladimir V. Ovcharenko Egor A. Savvin Vladimir A. Chupin Vyacheslav A. Shvets Sergei V. Yakovenko 《Acta Geophysica》2006,54(2):187-197
The paper considers possibilities of applying laser strainmeters for the study of earthquake physics. One of laser strainmeters
is described. A high efficiency of using the laser strainmeters for the study of earthquakes and their precursors is shown.
In records of the spaced laser strainmeters, anomalous deformations propagating from the east to the west with the speed comparable
with that of migration of earthquakes were found. 相似文献
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The display conditions of strong earthquakes in the Caucasian-Anatolian sector of the Mediterranean mobile belt are analyzed with allowance for the instrumental observations by titlmeters and magnetic variometers at the North Caucasian geophysical observatory of Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth of the Russian Academy of Sciences (NCGO IPE RAS) (Elbrus volcanic region) and at the magnetic stations operated by the Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere, and Radio Wave Propagation (IZMIRAN). It is demonstrated that the geophysical information obtained during the preparatory stages of the earthquakes on March 8, 2010 and January 19, 2011 in Turkey and the North Caucasus, respectively, reflect the fine structure of the anomalous wave processes of the preparation and evolution of the crustal earthquakes. The results provide a general idea of the geomagnetic activity and some characteristic features of the induced anomalous disturbances in the Caucasian-Anatolian sector of the Alpine Mediterranean mobile belt, which precede and accompany strong seismic events. 相似文献
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青藏高原北部浅层地温异常特征及中短期地震预测 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用浅层地温时空演化特征与中强地震活动的关系，研究了青藏高原北部地区1980年以来发生的几次中强地震前浅层地温异常特征。结果表明：分布在不同地质构造单元的地温测站在地震前有不同的表现形式，中强地震发生的中短期异常指标在空间上表现为地热涡的出现、活动和迁移，在时间上多数地震以高值异常为主，持续时间随震级大小而变化，中强地震一般持续1-6个月，强震持续时间可达1-2年。 相似文献
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地壳形变与地震前兆探索回顾和展望 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文回顾了我国地震预报中地壳形变观测技术、 数据处理方法和软件及地壳形变前兆观测研究进展。 1966年邢台地震后, 我国地震预报工作经历了难得的成功、 更多惨痛失败和“地震不可预报论”等干扰, 发展曲折。 尽管2008年汶川和2011年东日本大地震预报失败,但这两次和其他大地震前后GPS和其他观测得到的地壳形变表明, 大地震是有前兆的, 是可以预报的。 比较了我国地震预报所采用的主要的地形变观测技术和分析方法, 讨论了观测和数据处理方法的特点, 简要介绍了地壳形变地震前兆新近的研究结果, 重点阐述了GPS观测技术多方面的优势。 事实证明, GPS观测得到的汶川大地震前的形变异常或前兆, 是我国地壳形变观测与地震前兆探索最突出的成果。 相似文献
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本文简要分析了2008年5月12日汶川8．0级地震前川青块体及邻区的地震活动性特征。结果表明,汶川地震发生的龙门山断裂本身历史地震活动水平不高,其周边的鲜水河断裂、岷江断裂、虎牙断裂等历史上强震多发;汶川8．0级地震前龙门山断裂带3级以上中小地震活动增强或平静异常现象不明显,地震活动参数值均在正常变化区间内;4级以上地震异常平静,形成了地震空区;2007年底到2008年初位于龙门山断裂带及其附近台站的0．1级以上小震月频度增强明显。 相似文献
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青藏高原北部地区弱震空间图像特征与中短期地震预测方法 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
通过对青藏高原北部地区31次地震的研究,确定了震前地震活动图像的中短期预测指标以及中期向短期过渡的异常判据及预测方法。研究结果表明,中强地震前普遍存在地震空区、弱震条带、前兆地震或震群、地震活动增强和平静等异常图像,所表现出的异常时间存在很大的差异。具有中短期特征的弱震空区(段)和条带一般出现在震前1～3a,平均持续时间1a,在空区解体后1～6个月发生地震。大多数前兆地震或震群活动属于短临异常,一般出现在震前几天至6个月,震级差为1．0～2．3,距离震中5～60km,空间上主要集中在祁连山地震带。地震活动增强以应力集中为主,属于短期异常特征。异常图像在时间上表现为中期阶段以孕震空区、弱震条带、地震活动增强和平静等异常,异常比较显著且不同步;短临阶段出现前兆地震和地震空区停止活动而形成的临震前的相对平静。异常图像在空间上具有较明显的分区性,与区域活动构造有一定的关系。 相似文献
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1987年9月19日富蕴台以北40km处发生了5.8级地震。富蕴台地倾斜于震前一年开始出现中期趋势异常,矢量图形态变化明显偏离正常趋势,异常量级为10~(-6)。其观测资料反映了震前形变前兆异常,从而于6月份提出书面预报意见。文中还对地倾斜的物理机理作了阐述。 相似文献
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On the basis of the viewpoint of preparation of strong earthquakes in group, the spatial andtemporal scanning characteristics of the seismicity in the South Yellow Sea and its coast regionare studied, and some problems regarding the prediction of seismic hazard are also discussed.The results show that the seismic activity of M=4. 0 earthquakes has overall presented arelative stable state, but the partially concentrated area wbich evolves and migrates and theanomalous low b-value area have appeared in different periods, and the moderately strongearthquakes with M=5. 0～6. 0 have taken place on the edge of the anomalous area. Theaccumulative frequency of M=4. 0 earthquakes in the anomalous area presents non-linearindex acceleration and the moderately strong earthquakes have appeared in the late period ofthe non-linear index acceleration of M=4. 0 earthquakes or in the later anomalous tranquilperiotl. The spatial and temporal uneven Phenomenon of seismicity has some stability andreproducibility, and has som 相似文献
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把用来分析地震波波形的时间线性度和空间线性度两种方法，应用到地磁资料分析当中，具体分析处理了１９７６年７月２８日唐山Ｍｓ７．８地震和１９８９年１０月１９日大同Ｍｓ６．１地震前后地磁场资料，并对这两次地震前后地磁时空线性度变化情况进行了研究。所得结果表明：①较大地震前地磁场的时空线性度均可能呈现出较明显的下降异常变化，有些在震前回升，②各分量的时空线性度呈现异常的时间基本上同步，并与波速异常发展趋势基本相符。 相似文献
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S. B. Nikolaeva 《Journal of Volcanology and Seismology》2008,2(3):189-198
We present the results of instrumental, historical, paleogeological and paleoseismological research for the northern Kola region. Paleoseismic deformations have been detected, providing evidence of large seismic events that occurred there in the Early Holocene. We identify the Murmansk paleoseismogenic structure capable of generating earthquakes of intensity VIII or greater on the MSK-64 scale. 相似文献
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应用Ｓｏｍｐｉ谱分析方法，对１９８９年１月至１９９０年７月发生在唐山地区的２０个地震和１９８８年７月至１９８９年１０月发生在大同周围地区１０个地震波（体波和面波）资料，及华北地区和西南地区自１９５９年以来ＭＬ≥２．０地震目录资料的频谱进行了分析，从而对几次大地震前地震波和地震活动性波频谱异常变化特征进行了研究。所得结果表明：较大地震前，地震波（体波和面波）及地震活动性的ｆｄ，均可能呈现出较明显的下降异常变化；地震波及地震活动性的ｆｄ变化可能成为地震预报的有用指标；Ｓｏｍｐｉ谱方法在处理地震波及地震活动性资料的应用是可行的 相似文献
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Mario Rodriguez 《地震工程与结构动力学》1994,23(6):627-643
Even though a number of parameters have been proposed in the literature for measuring the capacity of earthquake ground motions to damage structures, most of them are not consistent with building damage observed during earthquakes. In this study, a parameter for measuring seismic damage capacity is proposed. It uses the energy dissipated by a structure in inelastic deformations and a structural overall drift, and it is evaluated for three typical ground motions recorded in severe earthquakes. By using this parameter, consistent results with building damage observed in these earthquakes are obtained, which indicate the importance of displacement control for minimizing seismic damage. 相似文献
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甘肃省CZB型竖直摆倾斜仪观测资料显示,形变异常与中国大陆近年具有较大影响的一些地震存在对应关系,分析发现震前异常变化有2种：①渐进式异常变化;②台阶式异常变化。研究发现,在不同地震台站,同种倾斜仪器在同一地震前异常表现不同,分析认为异常形态与台址岩性和岩石完整程度有关,与台站所处地质构造和周围山体地貌有关。 相似文献