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1.
近45年大连地区气温日较差的演变趋势分析 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
利用Mann-Kendall方法对大连地区7个气象站点1961～2005年的气温日较差进行了趋势分析,并根据各因子趋势值,应用相关统计法分析了影响气温日较差呈减小趋势的因子.得到结论如下:①大连地区四季气温日较差呈现显著减小趋势,其中以秋季和冬季减小趋势最显著,夏季最弱.各季节平均气温、最高气温和最低气温呈显著上升趋势.最低气温较最高气温和平均气温升高趋势显著.②大连地区与月平均日较差相关性最强的因子是风速,其次是最低气温、水汽压和云量,都呈负相关,与最高气温呈正相关.②春夏季,日较差下降主要受最高气温的变化驱动,而秋冬季节则主要受最低气温变化的影响. 相似文献
2.
河北省气温日较差与气象因子的相关分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用湖北省１０个气象站１９６１￣１９９５年气温日较差 气象要素资料，计算了气温日较差与７个要素的年、季、月值相关系数。结果表明：气温日较差与日照时数显著正相关，与总云量、低云量、相对湿度、水汽压显著负相关，与风速、降水量几乎不相关。６０年代以来，湖北省气温日较差减小主要是由于日照时数减少、云量增多引起的。 相似文献
3.
邢台市气温日较差的变化 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
利用1954—2011年邢台市逐日平均气温、最高气温和最低气温资料,对邢台市气温日较差的变化特征及其影响因子进行了分析。结果表明：（1）近58a来,邢台市年平均气温日较差为10．9℃,呈明显下降趋势,变化速率为-0．683℃／lOa;四季平均气温日较差中,春季最大,夏季最小,且均呈下降趋势,其中冬季下降幅度最大,夏季最小;1—12月气温日较差中,5月最大,8月最小,均呈显著下降趋势,1月气温日较差下降幅度最大。（2）年气温日较差在近58a存在15a的低频振荡周期和4～7a的高频振荡周期,并在1972、1981、1995年发生突变,在突变点前后,年平均气温日较差均表现为增加珲仃减少趋势,且年气温日较差在突变年呈阶梯下降趋势。（3）最低、最高气温非对称的变化是气温日较差下降的直接原因。另外,年气温日较差与日照时数和平均风速呈显著正相关,与总云量、水汽压呈显著负相关,与降水量几乎不相关。邢台市气温日较差显著减小,对各类作物的产量、品质有不利影响,但冬季气温日较差的下降减少了果树冻害发生。 相似文献
4.
5.
利用商丘市8站1961-2006年逐日最高、最低气温资料,计算并分析了商丘市年、季及月气温日较差的线性变化趋势,结果表明:年最低气温呈明显上升趋势,最高气温上升趋势不显著,气温日较差呈显著减小趋势;春、夏、冬季季平均气温日较差均呈减小趋势,其中春季和冬季的减小趋势显著,秋季呈弱的增加趋势;全年有10个月的气温日较差呈减小趋势,其中1、3、5、8月气温日较差显著减小,1月减小幅度最大.城市化发展对气温日较差变化有一定影响,距城区较近的台站平均气温日较差显著减小,而距城区较远的台站气温日较差减小趋势不显著. 相似文献
6.
文章利用招远国家气象观测站1981—2015年气温观测资料,运用趋势滑动平均和线性倾向估计方法对招远气象站气温变化特征进行了分析。结果表明:1981—2015年招远气象站年平均气温以0.22℃/10a的速率呈明显上升趋势,且具有明显的阶段性变化特征。季节平均气温均以不同速率上升,冬季气温上升趋势最为显著。年平均最高气温、最低气温均呈上升趋势,年平均最低气温上升趋势最显著。受热岛效应的影响,年平均最低气温的上升速率远大于年平均最高气温。除夏季平均最高气温呈缓慢下降趋势,其他季节均呈上升趋势,且冬季平均最低气温上升趋势最为明显。平均最低气温的快速上升使得气温日较差呈减小趋势。 相似文献
7.
文章利用招远国家气象观测站1981-2015年气温观测资料,运用趋势滑动平均和线性倾向估计方法对招远气象站气温变化特征进行了分析.结果表明:1981-2015年招远气象站年平均气温以0.22℃/10a的速率呈明显上升趋势,且具有明显的阶段性变化特征.季节平均气温均以不同速率上升,冬季气温上升趋势最为显著.年平均最高气温、最低气温均呈上升趋势,年平均最低气温上升趋势最显著.受热岛效应的影响,年平均最低气温的上升速率远大于年平均最高气温.除夏季平均最高气温呈缓慢下降趋势,其他季节均呈上升趋势,且冬季平均最低气温上升趋势最为明显.平均最低气温的快速上升使得气温日较差呈减小趋势. 相似文献
8.
利用1873—2009年中国上海市11个气象站地面气象观测资料和1951—2009年北极涛动指数、1873—2000年西伯利亚高压强度等资料,分析了上海地区气温日较差的时间变化特征,以及大气环流异常变化、其他气象要素变化和城市化发展对气温日较差的影响。结果表明：过去137 a,上海气温日较差呈显著减小趋势,减小幅度为0.15℃/10 a。上海四季气温日较差均呈现出显著下降趋势,其中秋季气温日较差下降幅度最大,冬季气温日较差下降幅度最小。近60 a来,北极涛动指数表现出从负位相向正位相转变的趋势;而近130 a来,西伯利亚高压强度表现出由正距平向负距平转变的趋势,导致中国上海最低气温上升幅度大于最高气温的上升幅度,进而导致气温日较差的减小。在四季及全年,上海气温日较差的减小与日照时数的减少呈显著正相关,而与降水量的增加呈负相关。城市化对气温日较差的减小有明显影响。 相似文献
9.
阿勒泰地区近47年最高最低气温变化特征分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
齐贵英 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2011,5(3):33-37
利用阿勒泰地区7个气象站1962-2008年月均最高和最低气温、月均总云量和低云量实测资料,采用自然正交函数展开、趋势分析等方法,分析了该地区四季月均最高、最低气温的变化趋势及相应距平场的时空演变特征。研究表明：该地区除春季最高气温升温不明显外,春季最低气温及其余季节的最高、最低气温均呈显著的升温趋势,且最高、最低气温都在冬季上升幅度最大。四季最高、最低气温时空分布上自西向东大致呈高-低-高的分布,增温明显的中心区域集中在西部的吉木乃和东部的富蕴,变率较小的区域为阿勒泰。阿勒泰地区气温日较差近47年呈显著减小趋势,日较差的减小与最高、最低气温的升温幅度不一致有关,也与云量呈现显著的负相关。 相似文献
10.
用新疆阿勒泰地区7个气象站1964～2001年暖季(5～9月)20 cm口径蒸发皿蒸发量资料,运用线性趋势法、相关法分析发现,就整个地区平均而言,暖季蒸发皿蒸发量呈较明显的下降趋势;在区域内富蕴站呈显著上升趋势,吉木乃和布尔津站变化不显著,与全区不同步.完全相关系数法分析表明,整个地区平均而言,低云量、平均风速、气温日较差与蒸发皿蒸发量有显著的相关性,是影响蒸发量的主要因子,但各站有所不同.低云量及气溶胶等污染物的增加导致太阳辐射量减少,而引起气温日较差减少,最终导致蒸发量减少;平均风速减小则主要与全球变暖背景下亚洲冬季风和夏季风减弱导致我国平均风速减小有关. 相似文献
11.
Summary Annual and seasonal changes in maximum and minimum temperatures (Tmax and Tmin) and in daily temperature range (DTR) in Italy are investigated. Monthly average series for northern and southern Italy are
analysed for evidence of trend. Tmax and Tmin show a positive trend over the period 1865–1996 which is greater in southern Italy than in northern Italy. DTR shows a positive
trend, but greater in the North than in the South. There is a positive correlation between DTR and mean monthly temperature
especially in spring and in summer, while there is a high significant negative correlation between DTR and monthly precipitation.
Analysis of temperature, precipitation and DTR during the period 1865–1996 suggests that a general relationship between the
very warm last 15–20 years and an increase in the frequency of sub-tropical anticyclones over the Central-Western Mediterranean.
This relationship is based on the hypothesis that in Italy more frequent sub-tropical anticyclones could have been the most
characteristic feature of the warm periods during the last 130 years.
Received June 4, 1999 Revised November 2, 1999 相似文献
12.
Spatial dependence of diurnal temperature range trends on precipitation from 1950 to 2004 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Liming Zhou Aiguo Dai Yongjiu Dai Russell S. Vose Cheng-Zhi Zou Yuhong Tian Haishan Chen 《Climate Dynamics》2009,32(2-3):429-440
This paper analyzes the spatial dependence of annual diurnal temperature range (DTR) trends from 1950–2004 on the annual climatology of three variables: precipitation, cloud cover, and leaf area index (LAI), by classifying the global land into various climatic regions based on the climatological annual precipitation. The regional average trends for annual minimum temperature (T min) and DTR exhibit significant spatial correlations with the climatological values of these three variables, while such correlation for annual maximum temperature (T max) is very weak. In general, the magnitude of the downward trend of DTR and the warming trend of T min decreases with increasing precipitation amount, cloud cover, and LAI, i.e., with stronger DTR decreasing trends over drier regions. Such spatial dependence of T min and DTR trends on the climatological precipitation possibly reflects large-scale effects of increased global greenhouse gases and aerosols (and associated changes in cloudiness, soil moisture, and water vapor) during the later half of the twentieth century. 相似文献
13.
利用相关统计法分析2006—2008年厦门市地面气象要素对空气污染指数变化的影响规律。结果表明：风速、气温、降水、相对湿度和水汽压对空气污染指数有显著负效应作用,气压起显著正效应作用;风向影响较为复杂, NNW-N-E-ESE风起正效应作用, SE-S-W风起负效应作用,厦门风向总体不利于空气质量提高,全年仅夏季盛行SE-S-W风。API指数与风向、气温、降水、气压、相对湿度和水汽压的季节变化规律有高相关性。API指数与气象要素中的水汽压关系最相关,其次是气压。 相似文献
14.
利用1971-2010年黑龙江省63个气象站地面气象观测数据,应用气候趋势系数、气候倾向率等方法分析黑龙江省蒸发皿蒸发量和实际蒸发量的时空演变特征。结果表明：近40 a来,黑龙江省蒸发皿蒸发量总体呈下降趋势,气候倾向率达-62.7 mm/10 a,春季和夏季下降显著。从空间分布看,全省蒸发皿蒸发量呈下降趋势,但局部地区与气候变化趋势并不完全同步。在影响蒸发皿蒸发量的气象因子中,风速和气温日较差是影响其下降的关键因素。黑龙江省大部分地区年实际蒸发量占蒸发皿蒸发量的30 %,实际蒸发量呈微弱上升趋势,但不显著。实际蒸发量与降水、日照时数和气温日较差显著相关,日较差是影响其变化的首要原因。 相似文献
15.
Warming and drying trends on the Tibetan Plateau (1971–2005) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Hong Xie Jiansheng Ye Xiuming Liu Chongyi E 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2010,101(3-4):241-253
Annual and seasonal trends in maximum and minimum temperatures, precipitation and vapour pressure deficit (VPD) were examined with the goal of understanding trends in temperature and moisture across the Tibetan Plateau, using meteorological data (1971–2005) collected at 63 stations. Trends in pan evaporation (PE; 1971–2001, 68 stations) and runoff (1971–2002) in the headwater of the Yellow River were also analysed. Positive trends in maximum and minimum temperatures were observed across the Tibetan Plateau. The highest increases were observed during winter, with results from the majority of stations statistically significant at the 95% level. A decrease trend in diurnal temperature range (DTR) was also observed. Trends in annual and seasonal precipitation and VPD were positive, while the trend in PE was negative. However, the increase in precipitation was not as pronounced as the increase in temperature. Although PE decreased during the time series, actual evaporation probably increased because of the warming across the Tibetan Plateau, where the annual potential water loss measured as PE is three to four times the annual water supply by precipitation. Warming was expected to increase evapotranspiration, causing more water vapour to escape into the atmosphere, thus counteracting or even exceeding the slight increase in precipitation. The increases in annual and seasonal VPD trends indicated a drying tendency and were further substantiated by the observed decrease in runoff in the headwater catchment of the Yellow River. The results provided insight into recent climatic changes across the Tibetan Plateau. 相似文献
16.
基于1961～2017年青藏高原腹地雅鲁藏布江河谷地区4个站（拉萨、日喀则、泽当和江孜）夏季（6～8月）月平均气温、降水和相对湿度等观测资料,分析了该地区夏季气候年际和年代际演变特征,并探讨了气温、降水和相对湿度在年际和年代际时间尺度上的相互关系以及与总云量和地面水汽压的联系。结果表明:（1）1961～2017年该地区夏季气候出现了暖干化趋势。气温（相对湿度）显著升高（下降）,降水趋势变化不明显;本世纪初气温（相对湿度）均发生了显著的突变。（2）该地区夏季气候因子间在年际和年代际时间尺度上存在密切关系:气温与相对湿度和降水均存在明显的负相关,降水与相对湿度为正相关。（3）该地区夏季气候因子间的年际和年代际变化与同期总云量和地面水汽变化有关。1961～2017年总云量持续减少是气温显著升高的主要原因之一,气温的显著升高和降水变化不明显又造成了相对湿度的显著下降。 相似文献
17.
近50年上海地区日照时数的变化特征及影响因素 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
基于上海地区11个气象站1960—2009年的日照时数、云量、水汽压、降水资料,采用线性趋势分析、Mann-Kendall检验等气候统计诊断方法,分析了上海地区日照时数年际、季节的变化特征以及空间分布特征,并对影响日照时数的气候因子进行了分析。结果表明,1960—2009年期间,上海地区日照时数呈显著减少的趋势,其中夏季、秋季和冬季的日照时数显著减少,春季日照时数变化不显著。1980年是上海日照时数减少突变的时间点,是日照时数由正距平占优势转为负距平占优势的转折点。空间上,整个上海日照时数在过去50年均呈减少趋势,并且由北向南减少趋势逐渐减弱。上海年日照时数与降水量和降水日数呈显著负相关,年日照时数的减少与年降水量的增加有关。上海各季日照时数与云量、水汽压和降水基本都呈显著的负相关,夏季日照时数减少主要是由降水量的增加造成的,冬季日照时数的减少与水汽压和降水量的增加有关。 相似文献
18.
Unnikrishnan C. K. Rajeevan M. Vijaya Bhaskara Rao S. 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2017,129(3-4):949-963
The spatial and temporal trends of 11 (7) temperature (precipitation) extreme indices are examined for the Loess Plateau Region (LPR) and its southeast and northwest sub-regions based on daily observations at 214 meteorological stations. Results show widespread significant warming trends for all the temperature extremes except for the diurnal temperature range (DTR) and the lowest daily maximum temperature in each year (TXn) during 1961–2010. When regionally averaged, a significant warming trend is detected for all the indices except for DTR and TXn in the past 50 years. Compared with the entire LPR, a significant warming trend is detected for all the indices except for DTR and TXn over the southeast sub-region of LPR; while it is observed for all the indices over the northwest. The trends for these indices are generally stronger in the northwest than in the southeast in the past 50 years. In contrast, for precipitation indices, only a small percentage of areas show significant drying or wetting trends and, when regionally averaged, none of them displays significant trends during the past 50 years. On the sub-regional scale, however, a larger percentage of areas show significant drying trends for precipitation indices generally over the southeast relative to the entire LPR, and noticeably, the sub-regional average heavy precipitation (R10mm) and wet day precipitation (PRCPTOT) display significant decreasing trends during the past 50 years; whereas only a slightly larger percentage of areas show significant wetting trends for these indices over the northwest compared with the entire LPR, and when sub-regionally averaged, none of the indices have significant trends during the past 50 years. 相似文献
19.
Diurnal temperature range (DTR) is an important index for climate because of its statistical relationships to greenhouse gases, urban heat, cloud cover, land use change, and aerosol haze layers. This study examines DTR trends across Zambia for the period 1930–2016 using the latest version of high-resolution monthly data (CRU TS v4.01) from the Climatic Research Unit. Non-parametric trend analyses were extensively employed at different spatial and temporal scales to quantify DTR changes. Taken together, results show a dominant east-west pattern with higher DTR values being observed in the western half of the country. Although there are noticeable differences in the magnitude from one month to the other, this east-west pattern is persistent throughout all the months. It is also found that mean annual DTR is negatively correlated with mean annual cloud cover with a strong and statistically significant coefficient of -0.8 but its correlation with precipitation weakens to -0.5 at the α 0.05. Results from the Mann-Kendall trend test shows marginal increments in DTR during all the seasons and they are all statistically significant at the α 0.05. The observed increments can be attributed to a general decrease in cloud cover over Zambia. 相似文献