共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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P. Raterron F. Béjina J. C. Doukhan O. Jaoul R. C. Liebermann 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》1998,25(7):485-493
San Carlos olivine samples enclosed in soft iron capsules were annealed in an uniaxial split-sphere apparatus, at pressures
ranging from 4.6 to 9.0 GPa and temperature ranging from 1310o to 1595 oC. We estimated the annealing fO2, theoretically controlled by the olivine/Fe-metal equilibrium, to be 1 to 2 log units above the fO2 of the iron/wustite buffer. Samples were investigated by analytical transmission electron microscopy (ATEM) in order to verify
that olivine and Fe capsule did equilibrate during the annealings. TEM imaging of the olivine bulk shows a and c dislocations confined in the (010) plane, and small (0.5 μm) spatially coupled precipitates of (1) Al-rich spinel and (2)
enstatite (volumic proportion of precipitates ≃60 ppm). These coupled precipitates are surrounded by split c dislocation loops. Olivine composition profiles, determined by ATEM near the Fe-capsule/olivine contact, reveal a weak loss
of Ni from the olivine matrix toward the capsule, as expected in such reducing conditions. These profiles also reveal a marked
incorporation of Fe from the capsule into the olivine matrix. These observations, and their interpretation in terms of olivine
point defect chemistry, lead to the following conclusions: (1) the starting olivine contained a high concentration of vacancies
on octahedral sites (≥1000 ppm per site); such a high vacancy concentration is expected in San Carlos olivine which equilibrated
in nature at relatively high fO2; (2) the olivine/Fe-metal equilibrium did control fO2 during the annealings, that resulted in a rapid re-equilibration of olivine at the beginning of the runs to the lower fO2 imposed by the Fe capsule; this led to a strong decrease of the octahedral vacancy concentration in olivine. (3) Such a fO2 decrease promoted in olivine the coupled precipitation of both types of Al-rich spinel and enstatite precipitates. These
observations show that the use of Fe-capsule in high pressure experiments is an efficient method for controlling fO2 when studying olivine, and more generally Fe-bearing silicates.
Received: 5 November 1997 / Accepted: 5 May 1998 相似文献
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电子探针和微区X射线衍射研究陕西镇安钨-铍多金属矿床中祖母绿级绿柱石 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
南秦岭镇安地区发现了以白钨矿-绿柱石为矿石矿物组合的矿床新类型。为查明该矿床中首次发现的翠绿色祖母绿级绿柱石的致色机理并进一步揭示其成矿机制,本文在野外地质调查的基础上,对绿柱石开展了电子探针与微区X射线衍射等矿物学研究。结果表明:矿区中首次发现的祖母绿级绿柱石,呈自形晶产于石英(方解石)脉中并与白钨矿共(伴)生。祖母绿级绿柱石从核部至边缘V2O3含量较高,分别为0.64%~0.98%和1.04%~1.42%,且有增高趋势。X射线衍射数据表明区内祖母绿为"正常"绿柱石,同时存在Al■Me2+和Be■Li两种类质同象替换机制。V为本区祖母绿主要致色元素,来自于区内碳质板岩、金云母片岩及白云质大理岩等地层,Be、Si、Al等主要元素则来自于深部酸性岩浆岩。本次发现为该矿床中钨、铍矿产资源的综合开发利用提供了基础地质资料,并为南秦岭在区域及深部继续寻找稀有金属矿指出新的找矿方向。 相似文献
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哲兰德金矿是额尔齐斯构造带上重要的造山型金矿,产出于韧性剪切带中,金矿化赋存于黄铁矿化闪长岩脉、含金石英脉和黄铁矿化千枚岩中,矿化与韧脆性剪切变形有关。沿剪切面理发育的白云母、绿泥石等新生矿物,为测定金矿形成时代提供了依据。本研究利用白云母~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar年代学手段,确定了韧性剪切带的形成时代和金成矿时代。结果表明白云母坪年龄为295. 4±1. 6 Ma,韧性剪切变形和金成矿作用发生在295 Ma,略早于多拉纳萨依金矿形成时间。结合前人资料认为,新疆额尔齐斯构造带造山型金矿形成于295～270 Ma。 相似文献
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粤北石角围花岗岩型铀矿床沥青铀矿LA-ICP-MS原位U-Pb定年研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
石角围花岗岩型铀矿床位于粤北下庄铀矿田东部,沥青铀矿是矿床的主要矿石矿物,也是厘定成矿年龄的理想对象。前人采用同位素稀释法(ID-TIMS)和电子探针U-Th-totalPb化学定年法获得的成矿年龄为38～138Ma,但前人年龄变化范围大,可靠性有待考究,难以有效约束矿床的成矿时代。本文利用LA-ICP-MS原位微区分析技术,对石角围矿床矿石中沥青铀矿开展了原位U-Pb定年。研究表明:沥青铀矿的206Pb/238U年龄为52. 46～56. 89Ma,加权平均年龄为54. 68±0. 53Ma(MSWD=1. 19,n=18)。本次沥青铀矿原位U-Pb定年与前人相比更好地避免了矿物包裹体、后期次生变化、显微裂隙等因素的影响,获得的沥青铀矿原位U-Pb同位素年龄代表矿床的成矿年龄。本研究获得的石角围矿床成矿年龄(～55Ma)与华南花岗岩型铀矿床主成矿期(～50Ma)相一致,指示石角围矿床铀成矿作用与华南岩石圈局部伸展作用下的断裂构造活动密切相关。 相似文献
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《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(2):247-259
Petrological studies were carried out on the Upper Cambrian conglomerates from the Bilpa and Cupala Creek areas, in the Wonominta Block, northwestern New South Wales. The sediments are post‐orogenic, molasse‐type, shaped in continental and shallow‐marine environments, and deposited in the form of major coarse‐grained deltas. Diagenetic processes caused an extensive lithification of these psephitic deposits. Multistage carbonate cementation is one of the most significant diagenetic changes that occurred. Several generations of carbonate cements have been distinguished based on observations under the polarising microscope, and particularly, using cathodoluminescence analysis. In both areas studied the conglomerates show four types of calcite cements under cathodoluminescence developed in the following order: non‐luminescent (+oscillatory zoned)‐bright orange‐dull orange‐(non‐luminescent). The most likely sequence of carbonate cementation is presented involving eo‐, meso‐ and telo‐ stages of diagenesis. Minor malachite crystallised along with calcite in the telodiagenetic stage. 相似文献
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黑云母的化学成分中蕴含着重要的成因信息,对具有交代结构的黑云母进行微区成分分析,能够精细反映交代蚀变过程中元素迁移情况,为解决矿床形成机制方面的科学问题提供矿物学证据。本文以北大巴山平利地区蚀变粗面岩中具有再平衡结构的黑云母斑晶为研究对象,进行电子探针面扫描和剖面成分分析。结果表明,斑晶内部为岩浆成因黑云母,边缘为"扩散-反应"过程所致的再平衡成因黑云母。斑晶边缘与内部相比,TiO_2含量由平均5.78%降至2.22%,表明在交代蚀变过程中黑云母中Ti等高场强元素被淋滤出进入流体;而CaO含量由平均0.06%升至0.14%,F含量由平均0.60%升至0.80%,指示蚀变流体内富含Ca、F等组分。本研究揭示了粗面岩中铌矿床的形成与热液作用关系密切,成矿流体中Ca、F等组分在铌元素的迁移及富集过程中具有重要作用。 相似文献
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福建霞浦大湾钼铍矿区碱长花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
福建霞浦大湾钼铍矿床产于火山岩区,但成矿作用可能与岩浆活动和裂隙构造关系密切。为查清矿区隐伏的钠长石化碱长花岗岩与钼铍矿成矿作用之间的关系,本文运用激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱法(LA-ICP-MS)对碱长花岗岩进行锆石U-Pb测年研究,获得年龄结果为93. 0±0. 6 Ma,与矿区的辉钼矿成矿年龄(92. 2±1. 3 Ma)一致,表明碱长花岗岩与钼铍矿成矿作用时空上具有密切的成因联系,岩浆活动可能为矿区钼铍矿的形成提供了成矿物质和成矿流体。结合区域上的成岩成矿年代学数据,本研究认为福建省燕山期岩浆活动时代与钼铍矿成矿时代都具有从西向东逐渐变新的时空分布规律,钼铍矿的成矿地质构造背景为燕山期华南岩石圈伸展环境。 相似文献
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振荡交换-抽滤淋洗结合凯氏定氮法快速测定土壤中的阳离子交换量 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
测定土壤阳离子交换量(CEC)的行业标准方法(LY/T1243—1999)是采取离心分离结合手工蒸馏进行滴定,耗时长、操作繁琐。为了缩短反应时间,提高检测效率,本文利用乙酸铵对酸性和中性土壤进行处理,用氯化铵-乙酸铵对石灰性土壤进行处理,应用振荡和抽滤装置快速交换和清洗阳离子,通过全自动凯氏定氮仪对吸附的铵根离子进行测定,由此计算CEC值。结果表明:在最佳的振荡和蒸馏时间、滴定酸浓度、指示剂配比等实验条件下,一个批次样品(100件)的分析流程仅需要12h,比传统方法检测时间缩短近80%。经国家标准物质验证,测定结果与推荐值相符,5次测定的相对标准偏差均小于1. 5%。本方法免去了多次离心分离操作,解决了待测成分损失、CEC测定值偏低的问题,提高了检测效率和准确度,较林业标准方法的成本低,可操作性强,适用于土壤环境质量评价、地区土壤抽样调查等大批量土壤样品分析。 相似文献
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古代玻璃材料LA-ICP-MS组分分析及产源研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
古代玻璃及玻璃质材料的定量分析对于研究其制作年代及产地、原料的来源以及制作工艺有着重要的参考意义。与电子探针(EMPA)、能谱扫描-电子显微镜(EDX-SEM)等分析方法相比,LA-ICP-MS能够快速且准确地提供样品主次量及微量元素信息。本文对LA-ICP-MS古代玻璃元素定量分析中的影响因素进行研究认为:在193nm激光下玻璃标准NIST610和康宁玻璃标准之间基体差异造成的影响较小,而采用玻璃标准NIST610为外标结合基体归一化法的校正策略测定康宁标准结果表明,该策略能够准确反映不同类型古代玻璃材料中成分组成;实验中不同剥蚀模式的研究,有助于不同实验条件的建立,从而满足不同研究的需要。本次研究对出土样品进行了分析,为该制品的产源研究提供了数据支持。 相似文献
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利用电子探针研究甘肃陇南赵家庄金矿载金矿物特征 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
应用偏光显微镜与电子探针相结合的手段是研究载金矿物的主要方法。本文采用镜下鉴定和电子探针分析技术,对赵家庄金矿中载金矿物含量、形态特征及其与其他矿物的空间关系开展研究,并对载金矿物进行定性和定量分析,探寻具有找矿意义的载金矿物和总结标志矿物特征。结果表明:研究区金矿石中主要载金矿物为黄铁矿,少量为黄铜矿、闪锌矿,这些载金矿物中Au含量依次为:细晶黄铁矿粗晶黄铁矿草莓状黄铁矿黄铜矿。不同时期的黄铁矿(粗晶黄铁矿、细晶黄铁矿、草莓状黄铁矿)中Au的分布均匀,但存在差异性,主要表现为细晶黄铁矿和草莓状黄铁矿中的Au含量较高(平均含量0. 14%～0. 18%),这种现象表明此类矿物为构造热液期形成,金易富集。Au以两种形式存在,一种是"可见金"包裹于脉石矿物中,或以裂隙金的形式嵌布在矿物晶隙及裂隙中;另一种是"不可见金"以纳米级颗粒金的形式存在于载金矿物中,也是Au的主要存在形式。本研究为后期矿床的成因、成矿过程和成矿机理研究提供了佐证,同时易于根据含金矿物的特征选择合适的选冶方法。 相似文献
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新疆东天山小白石头钨(钼)矿辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄及成矿时代 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
小白石头钨(钼)矿床位于新疆东天山造山带中的中天山地块南缘,该矿床是一个由黑云母花岗岩和花岗闪长岩侵入中元古界卡瓦布拉格群形成的矽卡岩型钨(钼)矿床。辉钼矿作为其主要的矿石矿物之一,呈不同产出状态分布于花岗闪长岩、黑云母花岗岩、矽卡岩和石英脉中。目前,对于小白石头钨(钼)矿成矿时代尚有争议,特别是与花岗闪长岩有关的辉钼矿化形成时代缺乏精确的限定。本文选取与花岗闪长岩有关的不同产状辉钼矿进行Re-Os同位素定年,获得Re-Os加权平均模式年龄为245. 0±1. 7Ma,Re-Os等时线年龄为245. 5±4. 3Ma。准确的Re-Os同位素定年限定小白石头钨(钼)矿床的成矿年龄和花岗闪长岩的侵位年龄为245Ma左右,为矿床模型建立和找矿方向确定提供了关键依据,同时也为东天山区域成矿规律总结提供了重要的年代学证据,并指出新疆东天山—甘肃北山地区存在一条找矿潜力巨大的三叠纪钨钼成矿带。 相似文献
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G. V. Gibbs K. M. Rosso D. F. Cox M. B. Boisen Jr. 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2003,30(5):317-320
The average strength, s, of the bonded interactions comprising a cation containing oxide anion coordination polyhedron and the value of the electron
density, ρ(r
c
), at the bond-critical points are inversely correlated with bond length. In each case, the observed bond lengths, R, were modeled with power-law expressions defined in terms of s/r and ρ(r
c
)/r, respectively, where r is the Periodic Table row number of the cation involved in the bonded interaction. On the basis of the close connection between
bond strength and the value of the electron density at the bond-critical point, we conclude that bond strength is a direct
measure of bond type; the greater its value, the greater the localization of electron density in the binding region and the
greater the shared–electron covalent character of the bonded interaction.
Received: 15 October 2002 / Accepted: 17 February 2003
Present address:G. V. Gibbs in care of M. Spackman Department of Chemistry, University of New England, Armidale 2351, Australia
Acknowledgements The NSF is thanked for supporting this study with grant EAR–9627458. The paper was written while GVG was a Visiting NSF Scholar
at The University of Arizona. The faculty and graduate students of the Department of Geosciences and Bob Downs and Marelina
Stimpf in particular are thanked for making the visit great fun. 相似文献
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研究原煤中稀土及放射性元素的赋存形式,对原煤是集中还是分散利用、燃煤过程中粉煤灰的排放截留、从原煤或粉煤灰中提取稀土及放射性元素等方面都具有指导意义。由前人研究可知不同矿区原煤中稀土及放射性元素的赋存形式有差异。本文研究了山西省霍西煤田两个矿区175个煤样中稀土及放射性元素的赋存形式,应用背散射电子图像(BSEI)定位分析区域,应用BSEI、能谱-扫描电镜法(EDX-SEM)中的面分析(EDS-mapping)和粉晶X射线衍射法确定了主要伴生矿物,应用BSEI和EDX-SEM中的点分析(EDS-point)确定了微量伴生矿物。在煤样中发现了铈镧钕钇镝钪六种稀土元素及一种放射性元素钍,其中铈、镧和钕主要以磷酸盐形式伴生于高岭石类矿物中,部分伴生在含氧化铝或氧化硅较多的矿物中,少量存在于碳中;钇、镝以磷酸盐或氧化物形式独立存在于碳中;在部分锆石、独居石中分别发现了钪和钍。研究表明,该矿区煤样中稀土元素主要以细粒自生矿物的形式伴生在其他矿物中,少数以独立矿物的形式存在于碳中,放射性元素钍伴生在独居石中。 相似文献
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Craig W. Morgan Graham M. Kent Gordon G. Seitz Michaela Novak 《Hydrogeology Journal》2008,16(5):981-994
A hydrogeologic model that has been used by many researchers and consultants to describe an area of South Lake Tahoe, California,
USA impacted by MTBE contamination describes a relatively homogeneous unconfined aquifer comprised of poorly sorted glacial
outwash deposits, within which water-supply wells are able to exert significant alteration in natural groundwater flow. A
re-examination of the area’s hydrogeology is presented, which supports a layered heterogeneous aquifer system constructed
of alternating fine and coarser-grained glacio-lacustrine depositional units. This re-evaluation was accomplished through
a review of lithologic logs across an area of approximately 1 km2, combined with observations of significant hydraulic head differences and knowledge of the depositional environments controlled
by Pleistocene Lake Tahoe high stands. Many of the fine-grained units observed at depths from 6 to 15 m, although relatively
thin, are generally continuous and serve as significant barriers to groundwater flow. The vertical migration of contamination
across these fine-grained units to deeper groundwaters was facilitated by cross-screened monitoring wells installed as part
of site investigation activities. This conclusion highlights the importance of geologic characterization and proper monitoring
well construction at contaminated site investigations.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
相似文献
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
| Michaela NovakEmail: |
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目前研究萃取分离富集镓大多偏向在强酸性体系中,一定程度上给操作带来安全风险,另需耐酸器皿设备,易污染,空白背景值高。本文开发了一种在弱酸性条件下萃取分离富集痕量镓的方法。以大孔吸附树脂为载体,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵调节其表面极性,热固化负载2-乙基己基磷酸(2-乙基己基)酯,制备了镓的萃取树脂。动态考察了固相萃取镓的吸附容量,优化选择固相萃取分离富集条件,实验表明萃取条件温和,分离富集痕量镓效果理想。当溶液酸度为pH 2.5时,Ga(Ⅲ)达到最大的回收率99%,并确定了掺氧空气乙炔火焰原子吸收光谱法(FAAS)测定镓的最佳参数,提升了常规空气乙炔FAAS测定镓的灵敏度。方法检出限(3σ)为2.6ng/mL,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=7)为2.87%,加标回收率在95.7%～102.0%之间,理论富集倍数为40。本方法已应用于自来水、中药材和水培蔬菜样品中痕量镓的测定,简便、快速、可靠。 相似文献