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IINTRODUCTIONDebrisflowisaphenomenonhappeninginextremeseveresit'Uationofsoilerosion(Guan,1996).ItoccursfrequentlyanddistributesdenselyinupperreachesoftheYangtzeRiverandtransportsahugeamountofsedimentilltotheriver.Debrisflowdepositinfluencesthecompositionofsedimentandthemorphologyoftheriverbedfromupstreamt6downstreamandthenaffectsthedynamiccharactersandsedimentbudgetoftheYangtzeRiver.Furthermore,itimpactsonthefloodandwaterconservancyengineering.2DEBRISFLOWGULLY--HIGHWAYOFSEDI… 相似文献
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1 BACKGROUND The Illinois River is the most significant river in the state of Illinois. The river drains nearly half of the state and has a drainage area of 28,906 mi2 (74,867 km2). Except for about a 4,000 mi2 (10,360 km2) area in Indiana and Wisconsin, the watershed is located in Illinois (see Fig. 1). The watershed contains the drainage basins of several of the state's significant rivers such as the Sangamon, LaMoine, Spoon, Mackinaw, Vermilion, Fox, Kankakee, and Des Plaines Ri… 相似文献
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IINTRODUCTIONInthepast,thesedimenttransportisconsideredinmostengineeringproblemsbecauseofitssignificanteffectonreservoir,navigation,floo'dingcontrolandstabilityofcoastallines(Xuetal.,1992;Heetal.,1997).Inrecentyears,impactsofsedimentontheecologicalhabitatshavebeennotedbymanyenvironmentalists(Klaus,1997).Itseemsthattheconceptofsedimenthazardsorsedimentimpactsmustbeextendedandtheenvironmentalorecologicalimpactmustbeincludedinanycomprehensiveassessment.Forexample,thelarge-scaleconstructiono… 相似文献
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1 INTRODUCTION Guanting Reservoir is located on the Yongding River (a large tributary of the Haihe River) and at the border of Beijing Municipality and Hebei Province. The reservoir receives three tributaries: the Sanggan River with a drainage area of 25,840 km2, the Yanghe River with 16,170 km2, and the Guishui River with 852 km2. The drainage area above the reservoir is 43,402 km2. The reservoir has two arms. The Sanggan River and Yanghe River join the Yongding River at the ups… 相似文献
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IINTRODUCTIONTheYellowRiverisfamousforitsttemendousamountofsedimenttransport.Basedonastatisticaldataanalysis,along-timeaverageannualof1.6billiontonsofsedimententerstheLowerYellowRiver,inwhich400milliontonsaredepositedintherivercharmel.Thesedimentdepositioncausesavapidriseofthebedelevation.Withahistoricalevollltionoftheriverchanges,aso-called"suspendedriver"graduallyformed.UPtonow,thegroundleveloftheareaolltsidetheriverleveesismuchlowerthanthewaterlevelintheriver.Thissituationbringsanex… 相似文献
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EVALUATION OF WATER AND SEDIMENT QUALITIES AT RIVER MOUTHS IN THE HAIHE RIVER SYSTEM 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
Cheng LIU Zhao-Yin WANG Yun HE Dongsheng CHENG 《国际泥沙研究》2007,22(4):318-326
Water and sediment qualities are studied by analyzing samples taking from the mouths of the Haihe, Duliujian, New Ziya and Beipai rivers in the Haihe river basin in north China in 2005 and 2001, in order to find the changes of water and sediment pollutions. The concentrations of heavy metals, arsenic, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) are analyzed and results have been compared for the two times. The in-situ measurement for Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and Sediment Oxygen Demand (SOD) rates were carried at the Haihe and Duliujian river mouths in 2006. The results show that the waters of the 4 river mouths are still seriously polluted, though much improved in the case of the Haihe and Duliujian rivers. The main pollutants are TP and TN in the New Ziya and Beipai rivers and mercury (Hg) at all 4 river mouths. Compared with those in 2001, the concentrations of almost all metals and arsenic in the 4 river mouths have decreased. Water quality at Haihe and Duliujian shows an improving trend, while the water quality at Beipai is similar to that of 2001. In contrast, water at the New Ziya river mouth is more severely polluted. The sediments in the 4 river mouths are not seriously polluted by heavy metals but are polluted by nitrogen and phosphorus. Most of the pollutant contents in the sediments show little change between 2001 and 2005. The in-situ DO and SOD measurement shows that the waters at the Haihe river mouth is in the state of oxygen depletion, and SOD is important consumer of DO at the river mouths. The overall analysis shows that increasing water pollution and eutrophication in waters far from cities are ongoing causes of concern. 相似文献
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ShixiongHU ZhaoyinWANG GangWANG XiaoyingLIU 《国际泥沙研究》2004,19(2):142-148
The Three Gorges Project is one of the largest hydro-projects in the world and has drawn many debates inside China and abroad. The major concern is that sediment load from the river basin may eventually fail the functions of the project for flood control and power generation. To reduce sedimentation in the reservoir, watershed management has been adopted. However, there is limited information regarding the effectiveness of various control measures such as terracing and afforestation on a watershed scale. The Jialing River, a main tributary of the Yangtze River, contributes approximately 25% of the total sediment load in the main river but only represents 8% of the whole basin area. There have been various land use patterns and extensive human activities for thousands of years in the Jialing River watershed. Based on analysis of the major factors affecting erosion in the Jialing River watershed, the main watershed management strategies (afforestation, farming and engineering practice) are illustrated, and their effects on the reduction of sediment and runoff are studied in detail. The sediment budget of the watershed shows that 1/3 of the sediment yield is trapped by the erosion control measures (afforestation and farming) on the slope, 1/3 is trapped by the reservoirs, ponds and dams within the watershed, and only about 1/3 is transported into the Yangtze River, which will affect the Three Gorges Project. 相似文献
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Wenxue LI Senior engineer Institute of Hydraulic Research Yellow River Conservancy Commission Zhengzhou China PU QI Senior engineer. Institute of Hydraulic Research Yellow River Conservancy Commission Zhengzhou China Zanying SUN E 《国际泥沙研究》1997,(3)
LINTRODUCTIONTheYellowforeriswellknownasaheavilysilt-caacingriverintheworld.Haaer-concentratedfloodsoftenoccurinitsmasterstemandaswellasthetriblltaries.ThecharacteristicsofdeformationandsedimellttranSportdifferfromreachtOreach.Duetohighsedimelltconcelltration,StrongfluvialactionandthenatUreofunSteadysedimenttranSPOrt,problemsandabnormalphenomenonareoflencreated.ThelaterbringinimpacttOnoodcontrolOfthelowerreach.Thus,itishelpfultoenhancetheunderstandingofthemotionlawsOfhaer-concentrat… 相似文献
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1THETESTREACHANDDREDGINGIN1997~1998TheYellowRiverhasextended38kmfartherintotheseaeversincethechangeoftherivercourseattheestuarytotheQingshuigouflowpathin1976.InMay1996therivercoursewaschangedtoabranchatthepointof950mabovetheCSQSandtheriverlengthwas16kmshorterthanbefore.Conditionsofincomingwaterandsedimentduringthefloodseasonof1996werefavorablesuchthat3].6milliontonsofsedimentwerescouredbelowLain.Amongthem,11.6milliontonswerescouredbetweenakinandXihekou(47.5km)and2040milliontonswe… 相似文献
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TaWei SOONG 《国际泥沙研究》1999,(2)
IINTRODUCTIONLanddevelopmentandlandusepatternsinthewatershedcaninduceincreasedsedimentloadsinriversandstreams.AGREATIllstudy(1982)illustratedthatsedimentyieldsfromagriculturallandcouldbeseveralfoldsmorethanothertypeoflandusesanderosionsources.ThesamestudyalsodemonstratedthatfinesedimentsweretheheaviestportionoftotalsoillossesfromeachtypeoflandusesinthetwelvehydrologicareasitinvestigatedintheUMRS.Thesamecouldbetrueforotheruplandareasalso.Howeverfinesediments,formthewashloadofthestream… 相似文献
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1INTRODUCTIONSedimentdepositionisoneofthemajorcausesofflood.ThelollgtermallllualtransportofsedimentrecordedattheYichangHydrologicalStationis530Mt,ofwhich256Mt(accountingfor48.8%ofthetotal)isfromtheJinshaRiverand140Mt(26.6%)fromtheJialingRiver.The783-kmstretchoftilelowerJillshaRiverfromDukoutoYichangisthekeyareaofsedimentyield,andsupplies83.5%ofthetotalsedimentintheriverbasin(Guo,1998).Intheotherwords,sedimentloadinthelowerJinshaRiverconstitutesabout40%ofthatilltileupperYangtzeRiver… 相似文献
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IINTRODUCTIONThemultigridmethod(Brandt,1988)iswidelyusedinmanydisciplinesandengineeringsubjects,especiallyintheareaofComputationalFluidMechanicsbecauseofitshighefficiencyincomputation.Themultigridmethodhasbeenprovenintheorytobeoneofbestnumericalmethodsforsolvinglinearellipticproblemsbecausetheloadofcomplltationisindirectproportiontothenumberofgridnodes;theconvergentspeedofmultigridmethodisirrelevanttothesizeofgird.Soitissuitableforthenumericalsimulationoffullscaleengineeringprojects.The… 相似文献
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BingnanLIN RenZHANG DingzhongDAI YingTAN 《国际泥沙研究》2005,20(1):30-38
This article addresses sediment research carried out for the Three Gorges Project since 1993, when the construction of the project was formally started. Emphasis of the research has been placed on the solution of relevant problems arising from design and construction of various structures, including sedimentation problems in the Chongqing reach; layout of the upper lock approach channel and ways and means to mitigate its deposition; increasing reservoir capacity by optimizing reservoir operation; compensating depth of flow required by navigation below the Gezhouba Project caused by scouring; mitigation of adverse effects of erosion on the reach from Zhicheng to Jiangkou; and evaluating scour of the Jinjiang reach caused by releasing flows of low concentrations from the TGP. In addition, reduction of the sediment load entering into the reservoir area of the TGP in the recent years as well as that expected of the projected construction of large hydropower stations on the Jinsha River upstream of the TGP reservoir is also noted and discussed. 相似文献
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ＴＨＥＦＬＵＣＴＵＡＴＩＮＧＣＨＡＲＡＣＴＥＲＩＳＴＩＣＳＯＦＨＹＤＲＯＤＹＮＡＭＩＣＦＯＲＣＥＳＯＮＢＥＤＰＡＲＴＩＣＬＥ￥ＷＡＮＧＸｉｎｇｋｕｉａｎｄＡＮＦｅｎｇｌｉｎｇ（ＴｈｅＦｉｎａｎｃｅｗａｓＳｕｐｐｏｒｔｅｄｂｙＮａｔｉｏｎａｌＳｃｉｅｎ... 相似文献
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IINTRODUCTIONTheannualaverageruff-offinthewatershedoftheGongzuiReservoiris50billioncubicmeterswithanaveragesedimentloadof34.7milliontonsperyear.Finesedimentwithd,,=0'055mmcompose97%oftheiota]sedimentload.Theannualcoarsegravelpericleswithd,,=58.5mmisaboutonemilliontons.TheendofbackWateris38kmawayfromthedam.Thereservoirwasoriginallydesignedtoatotalstoragecapacityof374millioncubicmeters,inwhich102millioncubicmetersisregulationstoragecapacityand243millioncubicmetersis'dead'storagecapacityfo… 相似文献
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XU Jiongxin Professor Institute of Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China 《国际泥沙研究》1997,(3)
LINTRODUCTIONThetributariesofmiddleYellowRiverarefamousintheworldforthehighestsuspendedsedimentconcentrationandsedimentyield.Forexample,atWenjiachuanstationofKuyeheRiverthemeasuredhighestsuspendedconcentrationis1700kg/m',andthemeanannualsedimentyieldis25000t/(kln'.a).Theformationofhyperconcentratedflowsandtheirinfluenceonerosionprocessesareofgreatimportancenotonlyfromatheoreticalpointofviewbutalsoforpracticalpurposes.Therefore,scientistsfromChinaandallovertheworldhavedrawntheirintensio… 相似文献
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1 INTRODUCTION Dongting Lake lies south of the middle reach of the Yangtze River in Hunan and Hubei provinces (Fig. 1). On the north side of Dongting Lake, there are the three diversion openings of the Yangtze River named Songzi, Taiping, and Ouchi, and, on the south and west sides, there are the four tributary streams named Xiang, Zi, Yuan, and Li Rivers. The flow of the three diversion openings and the four tributary streams runs into Dongting Lake, and runs out at Chenglingji a… 相似文献
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ＯＮＴＨＥＲＥＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＯＦＷＡＴＥＲＡＮＤＳＥＤＩＭＥＮＴＹＩＥＬＤＯＦＴＨＥＹＥＬＬＯＷＲＩＶＥＲＩＮＬＡＴＥＹＥＡＲＳＧＵＷｅｎｓｈｕＡｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：ＴｈｅｒｅｃｏｒｄｅｄｈｙｄｒｏｌｏｇｉｃｄａｔａｏｆｔｈｅＹｅｌｌｏｗＲｉｖｅｒｉｎｄ... 相似文献