共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 921 毫秒
1.
The Sakoa Group is the lowermost stratigraphical succession of the Karoo Supergroup and the oldest sedimentary unit in Madagascar, spanning the Late Carboniferous through Early Permian epochs. The Sakoa Group is exposed in the southern Morondava Basin. It is predominantly a siliciclastic sequence comprising seven lithofacies associations: (1) diamictites; (2) conglomeratic sandstones; (3) sandstones; (4) interbedded thin sandstones and mudstones; (5) mudstones; (6) coals; and (7) limestones. These facies represent deposition in the early extensional stages of continental rift development. The sediments were deposited predominantly on alluvial fans, and in braided to meandering stream and overbank environments. Locally lacustrine and coal swamp environments formed in low areas of the basin floor during rift initiation. Subsidence rates remained fairly constant throughout the Early Permian and were accompanied by a gradual reduction in relief of the basin margins and an increased geomorphic maturity of the fluvial systems flowing across the basin floor. Near the end of the Early Permian the southern Morondava Basin was inundated by a marine transgression , which resulted in deposition of the Vohitolia Limestone. Subsequent tectonic uplift and erosion resulted in a regional unconformity between the Sakoa Group and the overlying Sakamena Group. 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
华北地区二叠系岩相组合类型、剖面特点及沉积体系 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
华北地区二叠系以海退型的陆源碎屑沉积为主.在陆相逐步扩大、海域渐渐退缩的过程中,河流环境得以充分发育.形成了以冲积平原体系、三角洲分流平原体系及潮坪-海湾体系所构成的大型克拉通型含煤盆地.本文重点分析二叠系河流的沉积特点,对各类河流的性质、类型以及在时空上的分布规律作了进一步探索.将华北地区二叠系大致归纳出十种层序类型,其中前八种为河流环境;进而反映出工区的沉积特征及古地理概貌. 相似文献
5.
Dong Yu Wang SiMiao Yu Qian Chen JingSheng Yang Hao Ge WenChun Bi JunHui Jing JiaHao 《岩石学报》2022,(8):2249-+
Northeastern China is suited in the eastern part of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, and it is mainly composed of Erguna Massif, Xing'an Massif, Songnen-Zhangguangcai Range Massif, Jiamusi Massif, and Nadanhada Terrane. The Late Paleozoic magmatism was relatively intense accompanied with multiple stages of amalgamation in several microcontinents, therefore these magmatic products are an important media in recording the Late Paleozoic tectonic evolution history of the northeastern China. According to the petrological, geochronological, and geochemical characteristics of Late Paleozoic igneous rocks in the northeastern China, we found that the Late Paleozoic magmatism was based on Carboniferous -Permian igneous rocks. The Early Carboniferous magmatic products are gabbro, diorite and granite, the Late Carboniferous magmatic products are mainly composed of granitoids with minor gabbro, and the Permian magmatic products are mainly granitoids. Meanwhile, these Late Paleozoic igneous rocks mostly exhibit typical arc characteristics. In addition, the Late Paleozoic igneous rocks in eastern Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces are mainly Permian granitoids with minor gabbro, and these Permian igneous rocks show typical arc characteristics. Combined with petrological, geochronological, geochemical and isotopic characteristics, we suggest that the Late Paleozoic igneous rocks in the Great Xing'an Range and eastern Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces underwent different magmatic evolution history, and the microcontinents in NE China had different crustal growth history. 相似文献
6.
根据野外露头剖面,结合区域地质资料,对塔里木盆地乌什凹陷西部的石炭系—二叠系沉积演化进行了分析。乌什凹陷西部在石炭纪夹于南天山残留海盆地和柯坪—温宿隆起之间,其地层和沉积与塔里木盆地内部有较大差异。早石炭世早期,本区为碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩混积的浅海陆棚环境,以索格当他乌断裂为界,早期的柯坪—温宿隆起控制了该时期的沉积作用。早石炭世晚期,本区首次海侵,早期的柯坪—温宿隆起部分被淹没,并伴随着强烈的构造沉降,形成半深水斜坡环境,沉积了一套以库鲁组和索格当他乌组为代表的近端—远端浊积扇的复理石沉积,并一直持续到晚石炭世早期。晚石炭世晚期,本区又一次规模较大的海侵,柯坪—温宿隆起大部分被淹没,原隆起区为开阔海台地环境,北部和西部边缘发育典型的台地边缘相生物礁,向北延伸可达乌什北的克孜布拉克地区,再向北为礁前斜坡和浅海陆棚环境,并持续到中二叠世早期。中二叠世以后,伴随周缘地区大规模的陆内火山喷发,该区发生大规模海退。晚二叠世末,随着塔里木板块与中天山地块的拼合以及海西期天山造山带的形成,南天山洋消失,结束了海相沉积,进入了陆相沉积阶段。 相似文献
7.
上扬子石炭-二叠纪海相碳酸盐的锶同位素演化与全球海平面变化 总被引：29，自引：1，他引：29
地质历史中海水的锶同位素组成是时间的函数,全球海平面变化是其最主要的控制因素,上扬子地区石炭-二叠纪海相碳酸盐的锶同位素演化曲线与海平面变化曲线有着很好的一致性。锶同位素演化曲线说明:1)早石炭世是一个海水逐渐加深的全球海平面上升时期,锶同位素最小值所显示的最大海泛面的年龄为 34 2Ma,位于杜内阶和韦宪阶的界线上 ;2 )晚石炭世是一个全球海平面下降时期 ;3)整个二叠纪都是全球海平面上升时期,晚二叠世的海平面上升不仅幅度大,而且海水在短时间内迅速加深 ;4)晚二叠世具有古生代海相碳酸盐的锶同位素最小值,显示晚二叠世末的全球淹没事件,最大海泛面的年龄为 2 5 0Ma,正好在二叠 /三叠纪界线附近 ;5 )二叠 /三叠纪之交的全球生物绝灭事件可能与二叠世末的全球淹没事件有关。 相似文献
8.
秦苏保 《大地构造与成矿学》1989,13(3):250-257
研究表明,本区现阶段的构造分区为:天山地洼区,准噶尔地洼区和阿尔泰地洼区,各区演化、发展各具特征,表明地壳演比的不平衡性和差异性,石炭—二叠纪分别处于地槽发展前期和后期,二者无论在沉积环境、古地理条件,还是在构造型式、岩浆活动强度上都存在明显的差异。前期形成的聚煤盆地属海相环境,受近东西、北西西向地槽构造系的控制,火山话动强烈,系典型的优地槽沉积;后期形成的聚煤盆地属海陆交替相、陆相环境,为山间坳陷型盆地,受地槽褶皱山系的控制,以快速升降运动和快速堆积为特色,盆地中沉积了巨厚的磨拉式建造。石炭—二叠纪的沉积环境和构造条件不利于聚煤作用的发生和持续进行,致使海盆边缘和陆盆中未能形成良好的含煤岩系。因此,新疆北部地槽区与华北地合区相反,石炭—二叠纪不是理想的成煤时期,地槽期的海盆和地槽褶皱带期的山间坳陷也不是理想的聚煤盆地,这为该区的大地构造条件所决定。 相似文献
9.
塔里木板块内部发育了大量由早—中二叠世板内岩浆作用所形成的、以玄武岩类为主的基性岩浆岩,包括玄武岩、辉绿岩、玄武安山岩等,残余分布面积约20万km2。而二叠纪时期是塔里木板块演化过程中一个非常重要的转折时期,从早二叠世晚期开始塔里木板块结束了海相沉积,进入了陆相沉积阶段。通过对塔里木板块的岩浆作用特征和石炭纪—二叠纪沉积相的分析,笔者讨论了这一大规模的岩浆作用对板块晚石炭世—二叠纪的沉积作用所起的控制作用,提出了塔里木板块早—中二叠世巨量玄武质岩浆作用的沉积响应过程模式。 相似文献
10.
新甘交界北山地区早二叠世红柳河群的建立 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
经1:5万区域地质调查研究,北山地区原红柳河组规模巨大,岩性、岩相差异明显,按岩石地层划分原则,应进一步分组.原红柳河组内部有4套岩性、岩相差异较大的岩石组合,以3次砾岩事件和1次火山岩事件为标志,代表了4个不同的沉积阶段,与之对应出现了4个重要的沉积(不整合)界面.依据这4个界面对早二叠世红柳河组进行了重新划分,即下二叠统河西组(P1h)、红柳村组(P1hl)、芦苇井组(P1l)和红柳井组(P1hj).在河西组采集到大量的腕足、苔藓虫等海相动物化石,在芦苇井组第二岩性段含炭粉砂岩中获孢粉化石组合,其时代属于二叠纪.本区新建的4个组实际上是由一个规模较大的老组再分组的结果.按岩石地层单位修定的要求,建议原红柳河组上升为群. 相似文献
11.
T. Scheiber J. Berndt B. D. Heredia K. Mezger O. A. Pfiffner 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,102(8):2097-2115
The Suretta nappe of eastern Switzerland contains a series of meta-igneous rocks, with the Rofna Porphyry Complex (RPC) being the most prominent member. We present LA-ICP-MS U–Pb zircon data from 12 samples representing a broad spectrum of meta-igneous rocks within the Suretta nappe, in order to unravel the pre-Alpine magmatic history of this basement unit. Fine-grained porphyries and coarse-grained augengneisses from the RPC give crystallization ages between 284 and 271 Ma, which either represent distinct magma pulses or long-lasting magmatic activity in a complex magma chamber. There is also evidence for an earlier Variscan magmatic event at ~320–310 Ma. Mylonites at the base of the Suretta nappe are probably derived from either the RPC augengneisses or another unknown Carboniferous–Permian magmatic protolith with a crystallization age between 320 and 290 Ma. Two polymetamorphic orthogneisses from the southern Suretta nappe yield crystallization ages of ~490 Ma. Inherited zircon cores are mainly of late Neoproterozoic age, with minor Neo- to Paleoproterozoic sources. We interpret the Suretta nappe as mainly representing a Gondwana-derived crustal unit, which was subsequently intruded by minor Cambrian–Ordovician and major Carboniferous–Permian magmatic rocks. Finally, the Suretta nappe was thrust into its present position during the Alpine orogeny, which hardly affected the U–Pb system in zircon. 相似文献
12.
《Journal of South American Earth Sciences》2007,23(3-4):169-184
The Tarija Basin, shared by Bolivia and Argentina, was subjected to glacial conditions during the Late Carboniferous and Early Permian. The Macharetí and Mandiyutí groups deposited during these times record in their facies advances and retreats of the Gondwanan ice cap. The lithostratigraphic subdivision of these groups presents stages with minor glacial influence in the basal formations of each group (Tupambi and Escarpment formations), whereas in the upper units, glacially related deposition prevails (Tarija and San Telmo formations). Typical facies deposited in relation to glacial settings are diamictites and mudstones mainly related to proglacial, lacustrine environments. During the stages of main ice retreat, deposition was dominated by fluvial and deltaic sandstones. Significant erosion and deep valley incision characterize the basal surfaces of both groups. Conversely, the stratigraphic surface that separates the sandy formations from the overlying diamictites tends to be rather flat. The dynamics of the glacial cap are not only reflected in the facies distribution but also were a key factor in creating accommodation space; the changes in the glacial-driven subsidence linked to the advance and retreat of the ice were its main control. 相似文献
13.
The northwestern Argentina Tarija Basin: Stratigraphy, depositional systems, and controlling factors in a glaciated basin 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Tarija Basin, shared by Bolivia and Argentina, was subjected to glacial conditions during the Late Carboniferous and Early Permian. The Macharetí and Mandiyutí groups deposited during these times record in their facies advances and retreats of the Gondwanan ice cap. The lithostratigraphic subdivision of these groups presents stages with minor glacial influence in the basal formations of each group (Tupambi and Escarpment formations), whereas in the upper units, glacially related deposition prevails (Tarija and San Telmo formations). Typical facies deposited in relation to glacial settings are diamictites and mudstones mainly related to proglacial, lacustrine environments. During the stages of main ice retreat, deposition was dominated by fluvial and deltaic sandstones. Significant erosion and deep valley incision characterize the basal surfaces of both groups. Conversely, the stratigraphic surface that separates the sandy formations from the overlying diamictites tends to be rather flat. The dynamics of the glacial cap are not only reflected in the facies distribution but also were a key factor in creating accommodation space; the changes in the glacial-driven subsidence linked to the advance and retreat of the ice were its main control. 相似文献
14.
宁夏北部沙巴台地区太原组沉积层序及其年代地层对比 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
宁夏北部沙巴台地区的太原组为海陆交互相和三角洲相沉积 ,可划分为 2个三级层序、 4个副层序组和 1 8个副层序。与华南海相沉积层序的对比表明太原组属晚石炭世 Gzhelian晚期至早二叠世 Artinskian中期。下二叠统 Asselian阶的底界 (即 C/P界线 )大体与太原组下部层序的初始海泛面一致 ,可广泛对比。 相似文献
15.
16.
兴蒙陆内造山带 总被引：21，自引：9，他引：12
本文提出了"兴蒙陆内造山带"的新概念(Xing-Meng Intracontinent Orogenic Belt,XMIOB),从大地构造、沉积建造、岩浆作用和变质作用等方面论述了XMIOB从晚古生代到中生代初的陆内伸展及陆内造山过程,为探讨晚古生代构造演化提供了新模式。根据对内蒙古中西部晚古生代构造格局的总体认识,可将XMIOB划分为五个构造单元即:早石炭世二连-贺根山裂谷带、晚石炭世陆表海盆地、早二叠世艾力格庙-二连伸展构造带、早-中二叠世盆岭构造带和晚二叠世索伦山-乌兰沟伸展构造带。晚石炭世末-二叠纪在兴蒙造山带基底上发育三期伸展构造:第一期见于内蒙古北部二连-艾力格庙地区,形成陆内裂谷盆地及其盆缘三角洲沉积,发育时代为302～298Ma;第二期在内蒙古中西部广泛分布,以隆起与凹陷相间分布的盆岭构造为特征,发育时代为290～260Ma;第三期见于内蒙古南部索伦山到温都尔庙乌兰沟一带,形成主动裂谷背景下的红海型小洋盆,发育时代为260～250Ma。晚古生代与伸展过程有关的岩浆活动可分四期:1)早石炭世贺根山期:以蛇绿岩为主,发育于具有前寒武纪古老基底和早古生代造山带年轻基底的陆壳伸展区; 2)晚石炭世达青牧场期:主要沿北造山带分布,以基性和酸性岩浆构成的双峰式侵火成岩为特征; 3)早二叠世大石寨期:形成的岩石种类多样,分布广泛,包括双峰式火山岩、双峰式侵入岩和碱性岩; 4)二叠纪末-三叠纪初索伦山期:形成陆缘型蛇绿岩或基性岩-超基性岩组合,产生于软流圈上涌造成的主动裂谷背景。兴蒙陆内造山带的构造变形可分为两期,第一期为晚古生代地层大范围褶皱变形,造成盆-岭构造带的缩短;第二期为沿盆-岭构造的边界强烈剪切变形,产生向东逃逸的挤出构造,其构造背景是北部蒙古-鄂霍茨克造山带和南部大别-秦岭中央造山带的远距离效应引起的被动闭合作用。兴蒙陆内造山带的变质作用分为两个阶段,早期变质作用主要表现为石炭纪期间与陆内伸展有关的低压高温变质,晚期为二叠纪末到三叠纪初区域大面积的低压绿片岩相变质以及沿构造边界的局部中-低压型低温变质。 相似文献
17.
As integral parts of du Toit’s (1927) “Samfrau Geosyncline”, the Sauce Grande basin–Ventana foldbelt (Argentina) and Karoo basin–Cape foldbelt (South Africa) share similar paleoclimatic, paleogeographic, and paleotectonic aspects related to the Late Paleozoic tectono-magmatic activity along the Panthalassan continental margin of Gondwanaland. Late Carboniferou-earliest Permian glacial deposits were deposited in the Sauce Grande (Sauce Grande Formation) and Karoo (Dwyka Formation) basins and Falkland–Malvinas Islands (Lafonia Formation) during an initial (sag) phase of extension. The pre-breakup position of the Falkland (Malvinas) Islands on the easternmost part of the Karoo basin (immediately east of the coast of South Africa) is supported by recent paleomagnetic data, lithofacies associations, paleoice flow directions and age similarities between the Dwyka and the Lafonia glacial sequences. The desintegration of the Gondwanan Ice Sheet (GIS) triggered widespread transgressions, reflected in the stratigraphic record by the presence of inter-basinally correlatable, open marine, fine-grained deposits (Piedra Azul Formation in the Sauce Grande basin, Prince Albert Formation in the Karoo basin and Port Sussex Formation in the Falkland Islands) capping glacial marine sediments. These early postglacial transgressive deposits, characterised by fossils of the Eurydesma fauna and Glossopteris flora, represent the maximum flooding of the basins. Cratonward foreland subsidence was triggered by the San Rafael orogeny (ca. 270 Ma) in Argentina and propogated along the Gondwanan margin. This subsidence phase generated sufficient space to accommodate thick synorogenic sequences derived from the orogenic flanks of the Sauce Grande and Karoo basins. Compositionally, the initial extensional phase of these basins was characterized by quartz-rich, craton-derived detritus and was followed by a compressional (foreland) phase characterized by a paleocurrent reversal and dominance of arc/foldbelt-derived material. In the Sauce Grande basin, tuffs are interbedded in the upper half of the synorogenic, foldbelt-derived Tunas Formation (Early–early Late? Permian). Likewise, the first widespread appearance of tuffs in the Karoo basin is in the Whitehill Formation, of late Early Permian (260?Ma) age. Silicic volcanism along the Andes and Patagonia (Choiyoi magmatic province) peaked between the late Early Permian and Late Permian. A link between these volcanics and the consanguineous airborne tuffs present in the Sauce Grande and Karoo basins is suggested on the basis of their similar compositions and ages. 相似文献
18.
湖南龙潭煤系形成时的大地构造环境 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
湖南龙潭煤系属于早二叠世末-晚二叠世初期的沉积,沉积类型复杂。江南隆起东南面,以双牌-长寿断裂为界,东西两侧分属不同的物源区。通过对龙潭煤系分布、沉积环境演化、岩相展布、岩浆活动、构造特征、砂岩矿物成分及化学成分的研究认为,早二叠世末-晚二叠世初,区内大地构造环境属于较活动的被动大陆边缘。 相似文献
19.
柴达木盆地北缘石炭系顶、底界线再认识 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
根据近年来确定的国际年代地层界线标准讨论了柴达木盆地北缘石炭系的顶、底界线。把石炭系的底界置于陆相沉积的阿木尼克组和海相沉积的穿山沟组之间。认为阿木尼克组可以与泥盆、石炭纪之交的全球性海退事件层对比 ,穿山沟组底界是这个海退事件层之上的海进面 ,相当于三级层序初始海泛面。把石炭、二叠系界线置于扎布萨尕秀组上段类Pseudoschwagerina组合带或Sphaeroschwagerina带之底部。这个界线大体相当于以牙形石Streptognathodusisolatus首现为标志确定的二叠系底界。 相似文献
20.
Alkaline granitic dikes intruding the metasedimentary mantle and orthogneiss cores of the Aston and Hospitalet domes of the Axial Zone of the Pyrenees are subjects of a laser ablation ICP-MS U-Pb zircon geochronology study. The age spectra recorded by detrital, magmatic xenocrystic and inherited zircons reveal a more complex, nearly continuous Paleozoic magmatic history of the Variscan basement of the Pyrenees than previously known. Inherited and detrital zircons of Mesoarchean, Paleoproterozoic to Ediacaran ages attest to the Peri-Gondwana location of the Cambrian sediments that later form the metamorphic core of the Variscan Pyrenees. The youngest magmatic zircon ages fall into the late Carboniferous and earliest Permian, ranging from ca. 306–297 Ma, and represent the emplacement ages of the dikes and small granite intrusions. The age spectra of magmatic xenocrystic zircons contain several maxima, middle (475–465 Ma) and late Ordovician (455–445 Ma), early (415–402 Ma) and late Devonian (385–383 Ma), early (356–351 Ma) and middle Carboniferous (ca. 328 Ma). Middle Ordovician and middle Carboniferous ages are obtained from xenocrystic zircons that were assimilated from the rocks the dikes intruded, the Aston and Hospitalet orthogneisses and the Soulcem granite. The presence of early-mid Carboniferous magmatic zircons in several samples lends further support to a wide-spread early Variscan magmatic activity in the central Pyrenees. The other age peaks do not have equivalent igneous or metaigneous rocks in the central Axial Zone, but are thought to be present in the Pyrenean crust, not exposed and yet to be identified. The diversity of Ordovician, Devonian and Carboniferous up to Permian magmatic ages indicates polyphase emplacement of intrusive bodies during pre-Variscan and Variscan orogenies. The source of the heat for the Devonian to early-mid Carboniferous magmatic activity remains elusive and may involve intracontinental subduction zone, lithospheric-scale shearing or a mantle plume (TUZO). 相似文献