共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
This paper explores the potential of a digital camera to produce multiple images suitable for plotting. The objective was to build a three dimensional database by linking triangulated images from a Kodak DCS420 digital camera with a computer aided measurement system. The system then supplied X, Y, Z data from x, y image co-ordinates captured off two or more images. Relative accuracy in object space was around 1;50 000. 相似文献
2.
Still video cameras are easy to handle, portable, digital image acquisition devices for close range photogrammetry. They allow fast object recording without being connected to a computer. As an example of the new camera type, the high resolution Kodak DCS200 is presented in this paper, combined with the DPA digital photogrammetric station used for image measurement and object reconstruction. The performance of this three dimensional measurement system is illustrated by calibration results as well as applications to high precision dimensional inspection in industry. 相似文献
3.
Jim H. Chandler Koji Shiono Ponnambalam Rameshwaren & Stuart N. Lane 《The Photogrammetric Record》2001,17(97):39-61
A critical problem in hydraulics research is accurate measurement of fluvially worked sediments, both in the field and in scaled representations of field situations in laboratory flumes. Such measurement must provide information on individual grain characteristics, and their organisation into structures referred to as bedforms. Existing measurement approaches are based upon mechanical or laser profiling devices, which are both expensive and take considerable time to acquire data, particularly where information is required at very high densities. This paper demonstrates how conventional automated terrain model extraction software, combined with image acquisition using a Kodak DCS460 digital camera, has been effective in generating digital elevation models of complex bed morphology. This has reduced time spent collecting data in the flume and has allowed data collection at much higher spatial and temporal densities. Application of the method is illustrated by research carried out at Hydraulics Research Wallingford. Issues discussed include configuration of photographs and control coordinates; appropriate camera calibration methods; stability of inner orientation of the Kodak DCS460; and accuracies obtained. Comparisons with independent check data reveal that accuracies of ±2.5mm have been achieved using a camera-to-object distance of 4.2 m. 相似文献
4.
Digital still cameras have been widely adopted for close range photogrammetry and machine vision applications. Due to the advantages of onboard storage of digital images, portability and rapid data processing, digital still cameras are rapidly becoming standard equipment for measurement tasks such as industrial metrology and heritage recording. As for any metric application, the accuracy of the derived object data is dependent, amongst many other factors, on the accuracy of the camera calibration. For the vast majority of photogrammetric applications, use of the simple case of a block invariant calibration model comprising the primary physical parameters, including the principal point position, is sufficient. However, cameras designed for photojournalism and domestic use, such as the Kodak DCS420 and 460 cameras, are well known for their calibration instability because the design is based on a 35 mm SLR camera body. In particular, previous research has shown that the principal point location is prone to movement during normal handling of the camera, due to the mounting mechanism of the CCD array. This paper reports on an investigation of the physical behaviour of the principal point location and compares different calibration parameter models for the Kodak DCS420 and DCS460 digital still cameras. 相似文献
5.
《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2000,55(2):105-118
The Kodak DCS460c is a high resolution, colour digital camera with a specific CCD array mosaic structure that requires a dedicated processing algorithm for production of a three-band image. Kodak's Active Interpolation (KAI) algorithm is compared with a simpler nearest neighbour interpolation method (NNI) with regard to applicability in scientific investigations of target features in imagery. Detailed quantitative analyses of flat-field imagery were undertaken in order to provide insight into artefacts and to correct for the off nadir reduction in brightness. Characteristics of the aerial photography were also studied and aspects of processing and analysis of the imagery for scientific investigations are discussed. We present a novel method for correction of brightness fall-off (due to the vignette effects and increasing view angle) which is generally applicable to remote sensing of rural scenes. Quantitative spectral comparisons between related imagery from the DCS460c (e.g. for interpretation of relative vegetation cover) are only scientifically reliable when the raw (i.e. non-interpolated) DN values for green and red are below about 67% of their maximum range. This is due to preferential vertical leakage or charge diffusion in the CCD. A combination of CCD characteristics leads to possibly poor spatial resolution for the infrared band. The imagery after KAI shows good spatial resolution and has a natural looking colour reproduction useful for discerning features by eye. However, when using KAI, reliable spectral measurements can probably only be acquired from portions of objects that are at least four pixels from the object's boundary. In general, quantitative spatial and spectral analyses can be carried out with the DCS460c but the KAI, the broad band response and the vertical leakage require specific solutions to produce quantitative results. 相似文献
6.
Metric Exploitation of still Video Imagery 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The development of still video CCD cameras with digital image storage has made feasible the concept of offline, single sensor vision metrology. This paper reports on practical evaluations of such a system for dimensional inspection of aircraft tooling and for structural monitoring for large scale engineering. A further application of still video technology for low altitude aerial mapping is also reported. In each case a Kodak DCS200 camera has been employed for the photography in order to take advantage of the relatively high sensor resolution and adequate on-board image storage capacity. Aspects of the measurement operations, which yielded object space accuracies to 1:80 000 in the industrial measurement projects, are discussed and the results analysed. 相似文献
7.
为满足摄影测量中相机检校的需要,选用一种室内相机检校场的精密测量方法与实验分析方法,对相机检校场进行检校。根据山东科技大学室内三维检校场中标志点的排列规则,点数众多的实际分布特点,选用高精度的经纬仪测量系统,选取最佳的仪器和基准尺摆放位置对检校场内的标志点进行测量。利用统计检验的方法对标志点点位的稳定性进行分析,判断出标志点稳定可以满足相机检校的需要。 相似文献
8.
Jim H. Chandler Tom Buffin-Bélanger Steve Rice Ian Reid David J. Graham 《The Photogrammetric Record》2003,18(103):209-223
Digital photogrammetry has been used to develop and test an artificial river bed moulding and casting system, which allows the pebbles within a coarse-grain river bed to be recreated for hydraulic research in a laboratory flow channel or flume. Imagery of both the original streambed and the cast facsimile was acquired using a non-metric Kodak DCS460 digital camera and digital elevation models and orthophotographs were derived and compared to assess the accuracy of the moulding and casting system. These comparative tests proved to be critical in modifying and developing the system.
Additional imagery was obtained in the field using a non-metric Olympus C3030 'compact' digital camera to assess whether far cheaper camera technology could deliver data appropriate for such comparative examinations. Internal calibration parameter sets and data that were generated were compared with data obtained by the non-metric Kodak DCS460. These tests demonstrate that digital sensors built around high-quality 35 mm professional camera bodies and lenses are required for comparative examinations and for similar system development. 相似文献
Additional imagery was obtained in the field using a non-metric Olympus C3030 'compact' digital camera to assess whether far cheaper camera technology could deliver data appropriate for such comparative examinations. Internal calibration parameter sets and data that were generated were compared with data obtained by the non-metric Kodak DCS460. These tests demonstrate that digital sensors built around high-quality 35 mm professional camera bodies and lenses are required for comparative examinations and for similar system development. 相似文献
9.
10.
Systematic Geometric Image Measurement Errors of Circular Object Targets: Mathematical Formulation and Correction 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The use of circular object targets is very common in spatial photogrammetric object reconstruction. An object circle is projected on to the image plane as an ellipse if the object plane and the image plane are not parallel to each other. The image co-ordinates of the centre of the ellipse are usually determined automatically by means of digital image processing. These co-ordinates are then used as observations for a subsequent reconstruction of the three dimensional object point. The image co-ordinates of the centre of the ellipse and the true co-ordinates of the projected centre of the circular object target are not identical; thus eccentricity is caused, resulting in systematic geometric image measurement errors. This paper describes the functional context of this eccentricity for a typical target/camera set-up. The possible solutions for a correction of this systematic eccentricity error are derived. Guidelines for the correct combination of object target sizes and exposure distances, guaranteeing reliable image point measurements and accurate object point determination, are proposed. 相似文献
11.
J. Dold 《The Photogrammetric Record》1998,16(92):199-212
In the past few years the automation of digital industrial photogrammetric systems has increased dramatically. Due to digital image processing software, coded targets and automatic matching methods, a huge number of photogrammetric measurement tasks can be fully automated. In many cases a "one button click" is enough to provide the three dimensional co-ordinates of measured points without any manual interaction, immediately after acquiring the images. The technology of intelligent cameras is a logical step towards automated photogrammetric measurements. An intelligent camera, which has an integrated computer, analyses the image immediately after it is taken. This technology provides not only a much shorter processing time for the images but also more control over the measurement process just when it is needed, during image acquisition. This takes place in the form of real time feedback.
This paper describes the role of a digital intelligent camera in the automation of an industrial photogrammetric measurement system and gives an overview of existing automation techniques in industrial photogrammetry. As an example of an intelligent camera, the performance of the new INCA digital intelligent camera, developed and manufactured by Geodetic Services, Inc. (GSI) and distributed by Leica, is described. 相似文献
This paper describes the role of a digital intelligent camera in the automation of an industrial photogrammetric measurement system and gives an overview of existing automation techniques in industrial photogrammetry. As an example of an intelligent camera, the performance of the new INCA digital intelligent camera, developed and manufactured by Geodetic Services, Inc. (GSI) and distributed by Leica, is described. 相似文献
12.
13.
A system capable of automatically deriving the three dimensional co-ordinates of well defined binarized targets is described. Significantly, the system comprises cheap "off the shelf" hardware and software, requiring a minimum of development. Comparative tests using imagery obtained with a Hasselblad semi-metric camera and a 35 mm SLR camera are presented. By means of automated sub-pixel measurement, the results achieved are equivalent to those undertaken through manual target measurement using a first order analytical plotter. 相似文献
14.
15.
本文是机器视觉参量下的三维数字摄影测量智能构象第三部分,以仿生复眼运动目标捕获的3-3-2信息处理方式为切入点,提出生物利用复眼进行三维成像的基本原理,然而由于传统仿生视觉受到硬件条件制约,所以本文在仿生复眼3-3-2信息获取理论的基础上,利用新一代微透镜阵列光场相机技术,提出了一种以单张光场影像获取目标场景深度信息的方法,并将其应用至绝对深度测量中。由于光场影像的一个重要的特性在于记录进入相机的不同光线的强度与方向信息,本文提出利用光线信息进行多深度层次重聚焦的方法,通过对物点在不同层次进行聚焦代价计算,确定出物点成像的平面,最终构建基于物点成像平面位置的深度图。与传统的光场深度估计相比,本文方法计算的深度图可以显著提升分辨率,且不依赖于光场微透镜的数目。为了验证本文方法的有效性,利用本文的算法与现有的深度信息的算法进行深度计算的比较。 相似文献
16.
The Z/I Imaging Digital Camera System 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Market needs for airborne and spaceborne imagery used in photogrammetry and GIS applications are changing. Fundamental changes in sensors, platforms and applications are currently taking place. Most recently, new high resolution spaceborne sensors have become available. Besides classical photogrammetry, new thematic applications will drive the future image market. Savings in cost and time, together with the need for higher and reproducible radiometric resolution or spectral information will push forward the change from analogue to digital imagery. High resolution satellites will compete with airborne film-based photography and digital camera systems.
With the availability of a digital airborne camera, it is possible to completely close the digital chain from image acquisition to exploitation and data distribution. The key decision regarding the camera design in this case is whether a linear or area array sensor should be used. In view of the high geometric accuracy requirements in photogrammetry, Z/I Imaging has focused development on a digital camera based on an area sensor. An essential aspect of this decision was not only the aerial camera system, but also the entire photogrammetric process to the finished photographic or mapping product. If this point of view is adopted, it becomes clear that the development of a digital camera involves more than simply exchanging film for silicon. Aspects such as data transfer rates, in-flight data processing and storage, image archiving, georeferencing, colour fusion, calibration and preprocessing have the same influence on the economic assessment of a digital camera system. This paper describes current development activities and application aspects of a digital modular airborne camera system. 相似文献
With the availability of a digital airborne camera, it is possible to completely close the digital chain from image acquisition to exploitation and data distribution. The key decision regarding the camera design in this case is whether a linear or area array sensor should be used. In view of the high geometric accuracy requirements in photogrammetry, Z/I Imaging has focused development on a digital camera based on an area sensor. An essential aspect of this decision was not only the aerial camera system, but also the entire photogrammetric process to the finished photographic or mapping product. If this point of view is adopted, it becomes clear that the development of a digital camera involves more than simply exchanging film for silicon. Aspects such as data transfer rates, in-flight data processing and storage, image archiving, georeferencing, colour fusion, calibration and preprocessing have the same influence on the economic assessment of a digital camera system. This paper describes current development activities and application aspects of a digital modular airborne camera system. 相似文献
17.
Jon P. Mills Danilo Schneider David M. Barber Paul G. Bryan 《The Photogrammetric Record》2003,18(103):193-208
This paper reports on an investigation into the suitability of the Kodak DCS Pro Back for use in close range photogrammetric measurement. The camera back, being used in conjunction with a medium-format non-metric camera, has been assessed with a view to using it for low- to medium-order photogrammetric work in architectural recording. Examinations centred upon the stability of the camera back with respect to the camera body and the effects of the removable infrared filter that is present immediately above the camera's focal plane. Ultimately the camera combination was deemed suitable for application in recording of this kind and is now in active use by the Metric Survey Team at English Heritage. 相似文献
18.
基于二维直接线性变换的数字相机畸变模型的建立 总被引：10，自引：3，他引：10
提出并论证了基于二维直接线性变换的畸变的校正方法。本方法特别适用于各类固态摄像机(CCD、CID、PSD)的畸变模型的建立，以补偿各类像点系统误差。 相似文献
19.
Many of the processes involved in soil erosion have dimensions on the millimetre scale. Modelling and quantification of such processes require information on soil surface topography with adequate resolution. The purpose of this study was to generate digital elevation models (DEMs) from soil surfaces with high spatial and temporal resolution. Digital photogrammetry was applied for measuring erosion rates on complex-shaped soil surfaces under laboratory rainfall conditions. A total of 60 DEMs were generated, covering a planimetric area of 16 m2 . The DEMs had a grid resolution of 3 mm. A vertical precision of approximately 1 mm was desired for DEM analysis. A consumer-grade digital camera was used for image acquisition. The camera was calibrated using BLUH software. Homologous points in overlapping images were identified with least squares matching software. Irregularly spaced object coordinates were interpolated to a regular grid in a geographic information system. The resulting DEMs represented the soil surface well. A precision of 1·26 mm in the vertical was attained. The precision of DEM production was limited to camera calibration. Improvements of the setup presented could include the use of better control points and more advanced image matching strategies for identification of homologous points. The DEMs allowed for detailed analysis of soil surface evolution. 相似文献
20.
Diffraction grating based simultaneous projection of a large number of distinct and circular laser dots was adopted to solve correspondence and accuracy problems during automatic three dimensional measurement of a textureless and featureless object at close range. After rigid placement of the projector over the telescope of a geodimeter, accurate calibration and derivation of a camera model of the virtual active camera (the projector) was done without a control field and using a bundle adjustment procedure. While automatic detection and labelling of the actively placed target points over any given object remained a problem, algorithms were developed to locate and label these target points placed over a nearly flat and textureless surface. A conventional thresholding method was combined with least squares matching (LSM) to provide automatic subpixel image co-ordinate measurement of the target points placed over a textureless object but, considering the real object conditions, semi-automatic image co-ordinate measurement was done by LSM. The system provided an intersection parallax of 0.3 mm during a laboratory test scan of a planar object at 4.5 m distance. 相似文献