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1.
Railway cuttings, like that at Roade, near Northampton in the English East Midlands, can provide a wealth of geological information, but for safety reasons they remain off-limits to the majority of geologists. Even when access can be achieved, observations are often limited by the extent of vegetation cover. However, a new programme of engineering works at Roade has allowed Natural England and the British Geological Survey (BGS) to explore new ways of capturing the geological and topographical data from railway cuttings that could eventually allow everyone to make a virtual reality visit to otherwise inaccessible sites. 相似文献
2.
《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2022,133(6):481-490
Sunken lanes or hollow ways are widely recognised in southern England but have rarely been considered in the geological or geomorphological literature. They occur more frequently in internet sources and guides to walking routes and Green Lanes. Archaeologists have also described hollow ways at excavated prehistoric sites. The current review suggests that they are concentrated on certain soft Mesozoic lithologies but that any survey is likely to grossly underrepresent their frequency. However, high density areas in Somerset, the Chilterns, East and West Sussex, Dorset and the Weald can be identified. The sunken lanes are important elements of the cultural landscape with a close relationship to the underlying geology. Other factors, especially a long history of usage by people, animals and the development of tracks and roads, help to explain their distribution. Their importance as sites of biodiversity, geological and historical value suggests that more should be done to investigate, protect and record the sunken lanes of southern England. 相似文献
3.
Conflicts between different interest groups for use of natural resources is one area where state geological surveys can provide
assistance. A state geological survey working within the scientific constraints of specific issues can remain objective in
its presentations and maintain the faith of both the conflicting interest groups and the public. One cannot vary from the
objective view or you will quickly be criticized. Criticism can still occur from one side of a natural resource issue as your
data might counter their views. However, the final decisions are almost always made in some legislators, or regulators, area
of responsibility. The responsibility of the state geological survey is to provide the important data that will assist in
making correct decisions. Should one party in the conflict become extreme in their demands, a potential compromise that is
beneficial to both sides can be lost. In Kansas, the classical natural resource problem of resource/recreation in a populated
area is presented as a case study. The state geological survey presented data on sand resources in the Kansas River and its
valley in northeast Kansas. That information was important to both recreation and dredging interests where the political problem
is a conflict of sand use as a construction material resource versus use of the alluvial river as an important recreation
area, especially for canoeing. However, when a reasonable compromise was near completion in the Kansas Legislature one side,
in a bold move to develop an advantage, ruined that potential for compromise.
Received: 12 May 1998 · Accepted: 6 July 1998 相似文献
4.
Eleanor J. Brown David H. Evans Jonathan G. Larwood Colin D. Prosser Hannah C. Townley 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(3):492-504
Geoconservation in England, as in Great Britain more widely, is very well established. Sites of national or international scientific importance, as determined by a systematic site assessment and selection exercise, can be protected by designation as Sites of Special Scientific Interest. Sites of local importance e.g. Local Geological Sites may also be taken into account when planning decisions are made that could have an impact on them. As a whole, the network of conserved geosites represents the key elements of our current understanding of the geology and geomorphology of England. Site selection and safeguard and management of this network are dependent on geoscience information, and in return continued geoscience fieldwork is dependent on having conserved sites available for study. Here, we review the relationship between geoconservation and geoscience, and how it has developed since the first geoconservation legislation nearly 70 years ago. We discuss the achievements, challenges and where and how this relationship needs to strengthen further to meet future needs of both geoscience and nature conservation. In a changing world, there will continue to be a need for innovative geoscience supported by effective geoconservation. Those interested in conserving England’s geological heritage will need to engage the wider geoscience community more than ever to deliver a shared vision for the natural environment. 相似文献
5.
The Fenlands of East Anglia, England, represent a subtle landscape, where topographic highs rarely exceed 30 m above sea level. However, the fens represent an almost full sequence of Quaternary deposits which, together with islands of Cretaceous and Jurassic outcrops, make the area of geological importance. This feature discusses the advantages of using 3D visualization coupled with high‐resolution topographical data, over traditional 2D techniques, when undertaking an analysis of the landscape. Conclusions suggest that the use of 3D visualization will result in a higher level of engagement, particularly when communicating geological information to a wider public. 相似文献
6.
Nigel H. Trewin 《Geology Today》2011,27(5):181-183
Hugh Miller was a Victorian geologist and stonemason of humble origins, who did much to further public interest in the new science of geology. His most famous book, The Old Red Sandstone (1841) , ran to many editions, and his discoveries of Devonian fossil fishes were of great importance to science. Despite this, he is a relatively unsung geological hero beyond his native land. 相似文献
7.
Rose Ferraby Dominic Powlesland 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2019,130(3-4):483-492
The Jurassic Coast World Heritage Site is a landscape defined by change and process. As such, the approach to its heritage must be similarly flexible and active. A balance must be found between celebrating these processes of change, whilst also conserving those invaluable discoveries and features that so define this coast, as well as encouraging ongoing research and public engagement. This delicate task can be aided firstly by thinking about this geologically defined World Heritage Site as a landscape. In this way it is possible to develop rich and nuanced narratives between the human and geological. Secondly, by embracing new technologies and methodologies to record, archive and communicate features and finds, as well as the process of change itself. Here, we explore these ideas through two unique sites of geological and palaeontological interest discovered in the process of quarrying. To balance keeping the sites open to the public with the risk of natural and human damage to the sites, Structure-from-Motion photogrammetry was used to create accurate, high-resolution, georeferenced 3D models. The process and potentials of the technique are discussed, alongside a discussion of the broader ideas of heritage and approaches already at play on this coastline. 相似文献
8.
Fu DebinJilin Institute of Geological Sciences Changchun Jilin Fei Zhenbi 《《地质学报》英文版》1994,68(4):401-416
In the early 1980's, the author proposed his view that copper-nickel sulphide deposts are of ore magma origin. For more than ten years, this view has aroused attention of his colleagues at home and abroad. In this paper an attempt is made to deal with the genetic model for ore magma of copper-nickel sulphide deposits in more details on the basis of geological, geochemical, petrophysico - chemical and thermodynamic studies of the Chibaisong copper-nickel sulphide deposit in the Changbai Mountains, Jilin province. 相似文献
9.
Heather Norris Nicholson 《GeoJournal》2004,59(4):323-333
After the appearance of a portable Kodak cine camera in 1923, home moving making grew steadily in popularity in the years
leading up to and following World War II. Cine enthusiasts, particularly in the pre-war period, tended to be male, white and
middle class, although exceptions exist, and they tended to travel with their cameras much as earlier generations had documented
their experiences in written and artistic form. Despite their amateur status, they were often very professional in their approach
to cinematography and they produced material for a range of domestic and public audiences on varied topics and in different
genres. Specialist publications and the rapid growth of local amateur film societies fostered the rise of an active non-professional
film movement; the result is a highly distinctive although neglected component of film history. With reference to materials
held at the North West Film Archives in Manchester, England, this discussion considers the rise of non-professional filmmaking
at the regional level during the decades before and after the second world war. Making and showing home movies is placed within
various socio-cultural contexts. The imagery discloses much about visual practice, including filmmakers' perceptions and their
relationships with different kinds of subject matter. The making of holiday footage, in Mediterranean settings, and its subsequent
screening in domestic or public places, connects with broader issues of visualization, social practice and leisure-related
consumption.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
10.
文章通过读德日进1923～1924年第一次来华工作期间的书信，介绍了德日进思想中的几个重要侧面：其宗教思想中的“上帝”及“现世”；学术研究应跨学科综合进行；精神生活的首要地位以及如何看待东西方文化的异同。 相似文献
11.
Geosite of a steep lava spatter cone of the 1256 AD, Al Madinah eruption, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
M. R. Moufti K. Németh H. Murcia J. M. Lindsay N. El-Masry 《Central European Journal of Geosciences》2013,5(2):189-195
UNESCO promotes geoconservation through various programs intended to establish an inventory of geologically and geomorphologically significant features worldwide that can serve as an important database to understand the Earth’s global geoheritage. An ultimate goal of such projects globally is to establish geoparks that represent an integrated network of knowledge transfer opportunities, based on a specific array of geological and geomorphological sites able to graphically demonstrate how the Earth works to the general public. In these complex geoconservation and geoeducational programs, the identification of significant geological and geomorphological features is very important. These are commonly referred to as ‘geosites’ or ‘geomorphosites’, depending on whether the feature or processes the site demonstrates is more geological or geomorphological, respectively. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is an extraordinary place due to its arid climate and therefore perfect exposures of rock formations. The Kingdom is also home to extensive volcanic fields, named “harrats” in Arabic, referring particularly to the black, basaltic lava fields that dominate the desert landscape. Current efforts to increase awareness of the importance of these volcanic fields in the geological landscape of Arabia culminated in the first proposal to incorporate the superbly exposed volcanic features into an integrated geoconservation and geoeducation program that will hopefully lead to the development of a geopark named, “The Harrat Al Madinah Volcanic Geopark” [1]. Here we describe one of the extraordinary features of the proposed Harrat Al Madinah Volcanic Geopark, namely a steep lava spatter cone formed during a historical eruption in 1256 AD. 相似文献
12.
Ángel Fernández-Cortés José María Calaforra Javier García-Guinea 《Environmental Geology》2006,50(5):707-716
The discovery of the giant Geode of Pulpí (Almería, Spain) was considered as an important highlight in the geological heritage of Spain. Projects developed for their conservation were immediately initiated with legal figures of protection and tourist projects. The Geode has a tourist interest, which must be tempered by environmental restrictions limiting the public visits. First results demonstrate that a continuous visit of two or three people for more than 10 min provokes the appearance of condensation and risks corrosion of the gypsum crystals. In addition, the electron microprobe analyses confirms (1) the hydrothermal phases of iron–manganese in carbonated host rock; (2) the presence of sulphides with Fe–Zn–Pb–Ag–Sb–Cu–Hg–As–Te–Se; and (3) Ba, Ca, and Sr sulphates with mercury traces. The present proposal to label the geode and the mining environment as geological-natural heritage is feasible, although any tourist adaptation must not permit visits to the geode indoor and Hg levels must be controlled. 相似文献
13.
14.
天文古气候理论及其进展—从米兰柯维奇到贝尔杰 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
扼要介绍了天文古气候学的创立和发展简史。太阳是地球大气运动的第一驱动力，地球气候的长期演变在很大程度上受到入射太阳辐射变化的影响。入射太阳辐的变化主要和三个地球轨道参数有关，即地球绕太阳运行的椭圆轨道偏心率，地球自转轴倾角及岁差。太阳辐射的长期振荡主要集中在与这三个参数有关的频率上，这些频率通常被称为米兰柯维奇频率，数值模拟和地学记录都证实地质时间尺度的古气候的演化大多位于米兰柯维奇频率带上。 相似文献
15.
化工矿产地质研究，在整个地矿行业中占据重要地位，它对基础化学工业的发展起着重要的作用。自７０年代中期化工矿产地质专业研究机构──化工部化学矿产地质研究院组建以来，较好地完成了所承担的任务，成为行业中一支重要的力量。国内外地质事业现行管理体制及自身十几年的实践表明，从现实及长远发展需要来看，建全并进一步发展这样一支具有社会公益性质的化工矿产地质科研单位是非常必要的，也是可行的。 相似文献
16.
J. H. Cann 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2019,66(6):937-946
The South Australian (SA) Division of the Geological Society of Australia (GSAust) has a working subcommittee responsible for preparation of geological field guides. The target audience for these guides comprises persons who have an interest in natural environments, but who do not necessarily have specialist education in the Earth sciences. Care is taken to avoid excessive and unnecessary use of jargon, but where required, technical terms are used with appropriate explanations; ‘dumbing down’ is avoided and suitable references are cited for those who seek further information. Field guides can be downloaded from the GSAust web site. Later editions may be updated for mobile devices. The over-arching aim of the subcommittee is to contribute to public education. The Coorong is a back-barrier coastal lagoon that, together with Lake Alexandrina and Lake Albert, constitute the modern estuary of the River Murray. The Younghusband Peninsula is a Holocene beach-dune barrier that was formed as the rising postglacial sea transported sandy sediment shoreward from the exposed Lacepede Shelf. The peninsula stabilised following culmination of the postglacial marine transgression, at the same time isolating a narrow back-barrier lagoon, the Coorong, from the direct impact of the Southern Ocean. The Coorong is a landscape icon rated highly as a tourist attraction. It has importance for ornithologists and other scientists (including geologists) and is the ancestral home of the Ngarrindjeri people. There is a diverse group of people who might be interested in a well-presented and authoritative field guide to this area. The Coorong and associated features thus provide a landscape that underpins consideration of two major concepts: Earth’s global climate has greatly varied during the Pleistocene; glacial and interglacial climatic events have been widely identified within a consistent chronologic framework; and the present global climate is interglacial. Sea-level is lower during cooler glacial times when increased amounts of water are stored as ice on land, particularly in the polar and highland (alpine) regions; sea-level rises during warmer interglacial times when meltwater from glaciers and ice sheets flows into the oceans; and in the present warm-interglacial climate sea-level is high. 相似文献
17.
Peter Hopson 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2011,122(5):745-763
The geology of the Isle of Wight has attracted both the amateur and professional geologist alike for well over two centuries. It presents a cornucopia of things geological and offers a window into the fascinating story of the geological history and landscape development of southern England, as well as an important teaching resource for all levels of study from primary education through to academic research.This paper provides a geological framework and a summary of the history of research as context for the papers in this issue can be placed. Inevitably, it can only offer a précis of the huge amount of information available, but it is hoped will also give added impetus to further investigation of the literature or, indeed, new research.The island offers a field workshop for topics such as lithostratigraphy, sequence stratigraphy, tectonics and climate change; studies that are becoming ever more international in their influence. There are 15 Sites of Special Scientific Interest designated because of their geological importance and a number of these are internationally significant.After a brief discussion on the concealed geology, this paper concentrates on an outline of the near-surface geology on the coast and inland, and introduces a different view on the structure of the Cretaceous and Palaeogene strata. The enigmatic Quaternary deposits are discussed particularly with reference to the development of the Solent River, human occupation and climate change. 相似文献
18.
Andrew B. Vistelius 《Mathematical Geology》1989,21(8):921-932
Summary Our experience has shown that any laboratory of mathematical geology can do significant work if its staff is composed of geologists who are able to critically assess geological ideas, are able to see new features in routine observations, and understand clearly what scientific problems they should solve, and why these problems can be solved with a mathematical approach more efficiently than through purely geological methods. The staff should include mathematicians who can solve nontrivial mathematical problems and are ready to seek problems that require joint participation with geologists. Both disciplines should collaborate benevolently with mutual interest, without any pressure, and develop a mutually understandable geologico-mathematical language. They should understand that obtaining such a language requires tremendous patience. Daily contacts and discussions on current problems are necessary as a forum for exchange of ideas. In our laboratory, seminars are organized as such forums. Lectures for this seminar ideally involve sufficiently broad problems with non-trivial results in mathematics and geology that provide educational aspects. Abstracts of lectures for this seminar which were delivered during winter 1984–1985, are published here to provide an indication of seminar contents. 相似文献
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20.
利用高分遥感技术发现西昆仑黑恰铁矿矿化带及其地质意义 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
西昆仑地区自然地理条件恶劣,交通条件极差,导致该地区地质工作程度较低。在西昆仑艰险地区充分利用高分遥感数据的优势开展遥感调查,通过对研究区成矿地质条件分析,建立矿化带高分遥感解译标志和高分铁染异常提取,辅以适当的野外查证,黑恰铁矿矿化带的发现为地质找矿提供新的线索。根据其遥感地质特征建立遥感地质找矿模型,为今后在西昆仑成矿带上寻找类似矿产提供遥感依据。该矿化带是北侧黑黑孜江干铁多金属矿床向东南方向的延伸,其成矿特征与西昆仑已经发现的一系列层控碳酸盐岩型的铁-铜、铅、锌-金矿床的成矿特征相似,沿东南方向具有较大找矿潜力,有望形成有前景的铁多金属矿床。 相似文献