共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 593 毫秒
1.
CHEN YingyanAssociate Professor Institute of Mountain Hazards Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu Sichuan China 《国际泥沙研究》1997,(3)
1.INTRODUCnONSAn~sizeplaysanimpo~roleinmanyfields,SUChasinndmeDt-laden~ordebrisflow.TheStateofsedimentmovementwhateVertheyaresugunded.jUInpingorbed-loading,isoftencloselyrelatedtOtheirSizes.Thebodyor~forcesbornacaglainareOftendiredproponionedtotheabcorSq~sizeofthisgrain.Thereforesedimentsizeisanimpohalltindextoesedimentcharacteristics.Besides,depositsizeanditsdistributionimplysome~infonnationdepositingfonnationenvironmentandcauseing~hyandgeqlogy.Ina~on.thesizeanditsdistributionareeac… 相似文献
2.
《Advances in water resources》2007,30(6-7):1455-1469
A substantial research effort has been aimed at elucidating the role of various physical, chemical and biological factors on microbial transport and removal in natural subsurface environments. The major motivation of such studies is an enhanced mechanistic understanding of these processes for development of improved mathematical models of microbial transport and fate. In this review, traditional modeling approaches used to predict the migration and removal of microorganisms (e.g., viruses, bacteria, and protozoa) in saturated porous media are systematically evaluated. A number of these methods have inherent weaknesses or inconsistencies which are often overlooked or misunderstood in actual application. Some limitations of modeling methods reviewed here include the inappropriate use of the equilibrium adsorption approach, the observed breakdown of classical filtration theory, the inability of existing theories to predict microbial attachment rates, and omission of physical straining and microbe detachment. These and other issues are considered with an emphasis on current research developments. Finally, recently proposed improvements to the most commonly used filtration model are discussed, with particular consideration of straining and microbe motility. 相似文献
3.
大地测量基础理论与方法研究进展 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
对物理大地测量领域中关于基础理论和方法研究的有关国际组织进行简要介绍 .依据参加第 2 2届 IUGG大会所获得的信息对国际上关于大地测量数学理论与方法以及数据处理方面的研究进展进行综述 相似文献
4.
地震丛集的分形新方法—物理分形 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
地震时间丛集的传统分形分析方法把地震事件看作是时间轴上无质量的数学点。这些方法得到的结果主要反映了大量小地震的活动特征。本文发展了一个新的物理分形分析的筛子方法，采用一系列震级筛子来研究不同震级地震的分布特征。对华北和南加洲的研究结果表明，同一地区地震目录中不同震级范围的子集合具有近似相等的分维数，华北Ｄ＝０．３，南加洲Ｄ＝０．４。 相似文献
5.
Belikov V. V. Borisova N. M. Fedorova T. A. Petrovskaya O. A. Katolikov V. M. 《Water Resources》2019,46(1):S20-S28
Water Resources - A number of requirements for sediment transport formulas are considered for using in mathematical and physical models of alluvial channels. Some formulas (Bagnold, Petrov,... 相似文献
6.
Summary Unsteady boundary layer flows generated in a homogeneous, non-rotating viscous fluid are considered. The method of Laplace transform is used to obtain exact solutions of the unsteady boundary layer equations in a more general situation. The structures of the unsteady velocity field and the associated boundary layers are determined. Several particular solutions are recovered as special cases of the present general theory. The physical implications of the mathematical results are investigated. 相似文献
7.
V. I. Dmitriev 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2013,49(3):344-349
The methods for solving three-dimensional (3D) direct and inverse problems of electromagnetic sounding are considered. It is shown that the method of integral equations is an efficient instrument for mathematical modeling of electromagnetic fields in 3D heterogeneous media. Adaptation of the integral equation technique to the solution of inverse problems is demonstrated. 相似文献
8.
Colin Hines 《地球物理与天体物理流体动力学》2013,107(1):1-30
The spectrum of internal gravity waves in the atmosphere and oceans is sufficiently intense that nonlinear interactions must occur, if these waves are analyzed in Eulerian coordinates as is usually done. As it happens, however, if these waves are analyzed in Lagrangian coordinates the most important nonlinearity can be entirely avoided: it is an Eulerian mathematical construct only, not a physical process. The mathematical basis for this assertion is developed here, and some of its consequences are discussed. Among the latter is a questioning of the validity of standard Eulerian eikonal methods of calculating ray paths and related functions in a multiwave environment, discussed in an appendix. 相似文献
9.
为了解决煤储层物性的预测方法问题,本文基于大量的文献调研,梳理了煤储层孔隙性和渗透性的影响因素和预测方法,并进行了预测技术展望.研究表明,孔隙性影响因素主要有煤层埋深、压实作用、变质程度和显微组分等,孔隙度预测方法主要有双侧向迭代法、阿尔奇公式裂缝孔隙度估算法、双侧向数值模拟法、相关分析方法及支持向量机等方法;渗透性影响因素主要有煤层埋深、储层压力、煤的变质程度、煤体结构、煤岩组分、应力状态、基质收缩作用和裂隙系统发育程度等,渗透性预测方法主要有F-S计算方法、基于达西定律的计算方法、相关分析法及多层次模糊综合评判法等其他方法.本文认为遵循“地质约束测井、岩心刻度测井”的原则,加强煤层气储层岩石物理研究和物性影响因素分析是基础;常规测井信息与测井新技术信息结合,“多尺度信息融合”建立煤岩孔隙度和渗透率解释新模型,充分发挥多种非线性数学方法的优势构建煤岩物性非线性数学预测方法有一定的实际意义. 相似文献
10.
在采用垂直悬挂弹性系统的海洋重力仪中,由于弹簧本身的质量不可忽略,受到水平扰动时就可能影响测量精度。L. J. B. LaCoste和J. C. Harrison曾分析过这种影响,本文建立的物理模型更接近于实际情况,文中还建立了数学模型,分析了各种参数（质量、弹簧初始长度、拉丝长度等）的影响。最后得出了与文[1]和[2]不尽相同的结论:只要适当控制弹簧初始长度就能消除水平扰动影响。 相似文献
11.
Robert G. THOMAS 《水文科学杂志》2013,58(4):50-69
Abstract Graphical solutions to linear and radial ground water flow problems are described. These methods are based on finite difference approximations which have been widely used in heat flow problems. The case of the leaky aquiclude and vertical recharge to unconfined aquifers is discussed as well as constant head at a control and constant discharge or recharge. These solutions are useful only when the physical factors are known and an estimate of water level changes under certain conditions is desired. The methods are not intended to replace more rigorous mathematical solutions. 相似文献
12.
GPS应变率场计算方法研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于大地测量资料获取地壳运动与应变积累定量结果一直是国内外重视的地震中长期预测的技术途径。 针对地震变形过程的准确描述问题, 国内外学者基于GPS资料, 发展了多种应变率场解算方法。 本文首先简要介绍了GPS应变率计算的基本原理, 然后系统梳理了国内外多种计算方法的优势和不足, 结果表明: 应变率计算的数学方法只考虑几何关系, 其中整体方法主要适合数据密度和分布较好条件下获取区域地壳变形分布与趋势, 局部方法主要适用于数据较为稀疏情况下描述构造块体的变形特征; 应变率计算的物理方法既考虑几何关系又考虑物理关系, 其中, 位错方法根据主要适合于研究区域存在主控断层的情况(研究区域的变形主要由少数断层控制); 数值模拟方法(如有限元法)主要适用于区域地质、 地球物理的资料比较完备的情况。 相似文献
13.
I. E. Stepanova D. N. Raevskiy A. V. Shchepetilov 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2017,53(1):116-129
The modified method of S-approximations applied for processing large and superlarge gravity and magnetic prospecting data is considered. The modified S-approximations of the elements of gravitational field are obtained due to the efficient block methods for solving the system of linear algebraic equations (SLAEs) to which the geophysically meaningful problem is reduced. The results of the mathematical experiment are presented. 相似文献
14.
体应变潮汐观测资料信息提取与映震效果 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据体应变观测资料的特点, 研究了体应变观测资料的处理方法, 提出了在时间域分析的数学模型。在数学模型中, 将潮汐因子、气压系数、非潮汐应变速率和加速度一并考虑, 在资料处理结果中, 这些参数可同时取得。分别用时间域分析方法和频率域分析方法对观测数据进行了处理, 发现潮汐因子、气压系数、应变速率和加速度等参数在大同地震前均有大小不同、持续时间不等的异常, 这些参数可作为物理意义明确的地震中短期预测的指标。 相似文献
15.
《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》2005,139(1-2):23-31
Friction plays a fundamental role in the mechanics of granular materials. Two problems are considered: (i) heap formation and (ii) granular flow. Both problems admit closely related mathematical models. In each case, analytical and numerical difficulties are discussed. Efficient and reliable numerical methods are proposed and implemented. The results are illustrated by several computational experiments. 相似文献
16.
Guang-Yuan Wang 《地震工程与结构动力学》1985,13(1):67-73
Because earthquake intensity has strong fuzziness, it may be considered as a fuzzy subset of an intensity reference set. The methods of single-stage and two-stage multifactorial evaluation that are presented herein can be used to evaluate this intensity. The human responses and experiences that are often employed to rate earthquake intensity can be expressed concretely in mathematical form through the use of these methods. In addition, by using related membership levels in the fuzzy vector of intensity, a method has been developed to determine the values of the parameters used in structural aseismic design. 相似文献
17.
Abstract Rainfall-runoff models are used to describe the hydrological behaviour of a river catchment. Many different models exist to simulate the physical processes of the relationship between precipitation and runoff. Some of them are based on simple and easy-to-handle concepts, others on highly sophisticated physical and mathematical approaches that require extreme effort in data input and handling. Recently, mathematical methods using linguistic variables, rather than conventional numerical variables applied extensively in other disciplines, are encroaching in hydrological studies. Among these is the application of a fuzzy rule-based modelling. In this paper an attempt was made to develop fuzzy rule-based routines to simulate the different processes involved in the generation of runoff from precipitation. These routines were implemented within a conceptual, modular, and semi-distributed model-the HBV model. The investigation involved determining which modules of this model could be replaced by the new approach and the necessary input data were identified. A fuzzy rule-based routine was then developed for each of the modules selected, and application and validation of the model was done on a rainfall-runoff analysis of the Neckar River catchment, in southwest Germany. 相似文献
18.
The paper describes the development of a mathematical model to predict the flexural response of reinforced concrete beams to severe cyclic loading. The model is constructed with the aid of System Identification, which permits the coefficients in it to be so tuned as to replicate with the maximum possible accuracy the results of physical experiments. The uniaxial constitutive behaviour of the concrete and steel are considered separately, and they are then combined through a bond-slip relationship to form a global model for the composite material. The cyclic stress-strain law for the steel proves to be critical to the overall accuracy, and a suitable formulation is developed for it. Comparisons between observed and predicted behaviour are presented, both for the steel alone and for the composite material. 相似文献
19.
框架结构抗震可靠度优化的模型和准则 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
本以框架结构为研究对象,建议了一个用于结构抗震可靠度优化的模型,把最优结构表达为在给定的材料质量上限值和构件截面尺寸下限值的约束条件下具有最小地震失效概率的结构,模型中的约束函数全部都是设计变量的线性函数,可行域是一个凸域,采用Ｋｕｈｎ－Ｔｕｃｋｅｒ条件推地了最优解必须满足的准则,据此可以构造出优化的迭代格式,中讨论了优化准则的物理意义,给出目标函数对设计变量偏导数的解析求解过程。 相似文献
20.
— The process of dispersion of air pollutants, in a broad sense, can be considered as the net outcome of various mechanisms involved in the transport of air pollutants from the source to the receptor. The major mechanisms are: (1) advection of pollutants by mean air motion, (2) mixing of pollutants by atmospheric turbulence and (3) mass diffusion due to concentration gradients. In addition, the physical and chemical nature of the effluent, the location of the stack and the nature of the terrain downwind from the stack, effect the dispersion of the pollutants. Various physical and mathematical aspects related to the transport and diffusion of air pollutants in the atmospheric boundary layer are discussed here. Further, some aspects of dispersion in a weak wind stable boundary layer are described. Finally, the current issues in the modeling of weak wind boundary layer are illustrated. 相似文献