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1.
王咏梅 《山西气象》2003,(1):15-15,36
对运城市终霜冻资料时间序列进行了周期分析,再利用基于预测误差平方和(PRESS)准则的逐步回归周期分析方法建立运城市终霜冻预报模型,预测终霜冻出现的日期,经检验和试报表明,该模型预测效果较好,具有实用价值。  相似文献   

2.
通过对运城市秋季雨涝过程分析,找出影响运城市秋季雨涝的环流因子及影响系统,并对雨涝期间的数值预报产品进行检验,以提高秋季雨涝天气过程的预报准确率。  相似文献   

3.
运城市冬小麦晚霜冻预报服务系统   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
春季霜冻在运城市出现的范围比较广泛,危害机遇为2a-3a一遇,重灾区多在汾河、涑水河两岸及平川地区的低凹地带,峨嵋岭南部及中条山的沿山坡岭地区较轻。运城市的晚霜冻主要影响小麦、苹果、蔬菜等,晚霜冻严重的年份可能造成小麦、苹果大幅减产,本文主要就运城市的春季霜冻对小麦的影响做一些探讨。  相似文献   

4.
在短期和短时天气预报工作中,本文通过对卫生云图的定量分析和研究,结合天气形势、数值预报产品及雷达回波资料,给出了运城市短时降水预报指标,以提高云图在短时预报中的可用性。  相似文献   

5.
运城市农业气候特点分析   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
裴秀苗 《山西气象》2002,(3):17-20,31
对运城市的农业气候特点,主要气象灾害进行了统计分析,总结出主要气象灾害的发生规律和时空分布特点,根据农业生产的实际,针对各种气象灾害、提出切合实际、科学合理的防卸措施和生产建议,为地方部门合理安排农业生产提供科学依据。  相似文献   

6.
应用局地型相似系数(local pattem analogue coefficient,LPAC)图及较差图分析了运城市夏季(6月~8月)降水量与前期北半球500hPa位势高度场的相关性,并尝试使用LPAC图显示的关键区制作夏季降水预报,效果较好。  相似文献   

7.
利用山西省城市1976年至2000年25a 13县(市)的冰雹资料,分析了运城市冰雹的时空分布特征及近20年来频率及强度的变化,为冰雹预报及人工防雹工作提供天气气候依据。  相似文献   

8.
分析运城市高温气候特征及环流特点,找出运城市高温天气预报指标,建立高温预报方法。采用模式误差订正、气候值消空订正、预报指标补漏订正相结合对中央台指导产品的极端最高气温作出订正。  相似文献   

9.
为了增加盐湖地区的降水,保护自然资源,运城市气象局和南风集团合作实施了人工增雨作业,给出并详细分析了增雨作业方案。同时利用盐湖区2001年7月至9月的降水量资料,采用回归统计评估法进行了效果检验。通过计算得出2001年人工增雨作业为盐湖区增加了30%左右的有效降水。  相似文献   

10.
采用每日最高(最低)气温的历史同期序列的分位数作为该日的极端阈值,运用改进的经验模态分解(empirical mode decomposition,EMD)方法对山西省运城市1971—2005年每年发生的持续(3 d及3 d以上)极端气温频数进行了初步分析。结果表明,1971—2005年运城市每年的持续极端高温频数(frequency of sustained extreme-high temperature,FSEHT)和持续极端低温频数(frequen-cy of sustained extreme-lowtemperature,FSELT)序列均存在线性下降趋势;在0.05的水平下,运城市的FSEHT序列与该地区的年平均气温序列的线性相关性不显著,而该地区的FSELT序列与年平均气温序列的负线性相关关系是显著的;此外,这两个频数序列分别存在不同的周期振荡。从主要周期看,运城市的FSEHT和FSELT序列与厄尔尼诺现象的周期相一致。  相似文献   

11.
High-resolution numerical simulation data of a rainstorm triggering debris flow in Sichuan Province of China simulated by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model were used to study the dominant cloud microphysical processes of the torrential rainfall. The results showed that: (1) In the strong precipitation period, particle sizes of all hydrometeors increased, and mean-mass diameters of graupel increased the most significantly, as compared with those in the weak precipitation period; (2) The terminal velocity of raindrops was the strongest among all hydrometeors, followed by graupel’s, which was much smaller than that of raindrops. Differences between various hydrometeors’ terminal velocities in the strong precipitation period were larger than those in the weak precipitation period, which favored relative motion, collection interaction and transformation between the particles. Absolute terminal velocity values of raindrops and graupel were significantly greater than those of air upward velocity, and the stronger the precipitation was, the greater the differences between them were; (3) The orders of magnitudes of the various hydrometeors’ sources and sinks in the strong precipitation period were larger than those in the weak precipitation period, causing a difference in the intensity of precipitation. Water vapor, cloud water, raindrops, graupel and their exchange processes played a major role in the production of the torrential rainfall, and there were two main processes via which raindrops were generated: abundant water vapor condensed into cloud water and, on the one hand, accretion of cloud water by rain water formed rain water, while on the other hand, accretion of cloud water by graupel formed graupel, and then the melting of graupel formed rain water.  相似文献   

12.
Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms.  相似文献   

13.
淮河流域水文极值预测模型研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为探索气候变化影响下水文极值的非平稳性和预测方法,建立了水文极值非平稳广义极值(GEV)分布的统计预测模型。利用1952-2010年淮河上游流域累计面雨量和流量年最大值资料、同期500 hPa环流特征量资料以及17个CMIP5模式对环流特征量的模拟结果,筛选出对水文极值影响显著的年平均北半球极涡强度指数作为GEV分布参数的预测因子。分析了在RCP2.6、RCP4.5和RCP8.5情景下2006-2050年淮河上游流域水文极值对气候变化的响应。结果表明,10年以下与10年以上重现期的水文极值在非平稳过程中呈现前者下降而后者上升的相反变化趋势;多模型预测的集合平均在未来情景中均呈现上升趋势,情景排放量越大增幅越大,重现期越长增幅也越大。与极值的常态相比,极值的极端态更易受气候变化影响。  相似文献   

14.
This article analyzes a political process in the aftermath of a disaster and explains why and how it led to maladaptation. Grounding Gramsci’s theory of the State on a case of post-disaster response to a fatal mudslide in the city of Sarno in Italy, this research argues that, under certain conditions, civil society and the ruling classes may coalesce to produce policies that are maladaptive. We unpack the mechanisms through which consent was reproduced in Sarno, and show how the claims of civil society were articulated and fused with the hegemonic goals of capital circulation and economic growth, reaffirming a view of government as only a provider of safety. A Gramscian treatment of the State as a process, and not as a thing, highlights that the main barrier to adaptation is not the lack of techno-managerial solutions. It is the lack of political struggle around the social reconfiguration of the logic and functions of the State.  相似文献   

15.
傅良  罗玲  张玉静  娄小芬  钱浩 《气象科学》2022,42(2):182-192
选取2015—2018年影响华东地区的13个台风个例,分析降水极端天气指数EFI (Extreme Forecast Index)和SOT (Shift of Tails)与台风降水之间的统计关系。结果表明:EFI和SOT与降水气候百分位之间存在明显的正相关关系。EFI和SOT越大,强降水发生概率越高。随着预报时效的增加,EFI和SOT指数对暴雨和大暴雨的预报效果逐渐变差。对于短期(72 h以内的时效),EFI预报技巧优于SOT,而随着预报时效的延长,SOT的预报技巧逐渐接近并超过EFI。以TS评分最大为标准兼顾合理的预报偏差,得到两种极端天气指数不同预报时效、不同等级暴雨的预报阈值。总体而言,事件越极端,EFI和SOT的预报阈值越大,对于暴雨和大暴雨,EFI指数的预报阈值随着预报时效的延长有减小趋势,而SOT的预报阈值基本保持不变。在台风极端降水预报中,EFI和SOT可以作为EC定量降水预报的补充,有助于减少强降水的漏报,并提早发出预警信息。  相似文献   

16.
Cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning data,storm intensity and track data,and the data from a Doppler radar and the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite,are used to analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics of lightning activity in Typhoon Molave (0906) during different periods of its landfall (pre-landfall,landfall,and post-landfall).Parameters retrieved from the radar and the satellite are used to compare precipitation structures of the inner and outer rainbands of the typhoon,and to investigate possible causes of the different lightning characteristics.The results indicate that lightning activity was stronger in the outer rainbands than in the eyewall and inner rainbands.Lightning mainly occurred to the left (rather than "right" as in previous studies of US cases) of the moving typhoon,indicating a significant spatial asymmetry.The maximum lightning frequency in the tropical cyclone (TC) eyewall region was ahead of that in the whole TC region,and the outbreaks of eyewall lightning might indicate deepening of the cyclone.Stronger lightning in the outer rainbands is found to be associated with stronger updraft,higher concentrations of rain droplets and large ice particles at elevated mixed-phase levels,and the higher and broader convective clouds in the outer rainbands.Due to the contribution of large cloud nuclei,lightning intensity in the outer rainbands has a strong positive correlation with radar reflectivity.The ratio of positive CG lightning in the outer rainbands reached its maximum 1 h prior to occurrence of the maximum typhoon intensity at 2000 Beijing Time (BT) 18 July 2009.During the pre-landfall period (0300 BT 18 July-0050 BT 19 July),the typhoon gradually weakened,but strong lightning still appeared.After the typhoon made landfall at 0050 BT 19 July,CG lightning density rapidly decreased,but the ratio of positive lightning increased.Notably,after the landfall of the outer rainbands at 2325 BT 18 July (approximately 1.5 h prior to the landfall of the TC),significantly higher ice particle density derived from the TRMM data was observed in the outer rainbands,which,together with strengthened convection resulted from the local surface roughness effect,might have caused the enhanced lightning in the outer rainbands around the landfall of Molave.  相似文献   

17.
伍秀峰 《内蒙古气象》2011,(6):56-59,110
利用鄂尔多斯地区近50a的气候资料,分析气候条件对生态环境的影响。结果表明:1961—2010年鄂尔多斯地区气温变化呈上升趋势;年降水量变化不明显,蒸发量自西向东增多,年蒸发量是年降水量的7.9倍;70年代,由于受干旱气候和人为因素的共同影响,鄂尔多斯市的大风、沙尘暴日数一度增加,但随着2000年开始的大规模治理,大风、沙尘暴日数明显减少;遥感产品监测到近10a鄂尔多斯市的生态状况得到了全面逆转,森林覆盖率、植被覆盖率得到大幅提升,生态步入良性循环的态势。  相似文献   

18.
通过对2007~2010年5~10月132例西南涡天气个例的分析,总结了影响西昌发射场的西南涡的形成、移动及降水天气特点,从风场、湿度场、温度场等方面归纳了西南涡的特点,提出了各种类型西南涡的预报着眼点;利用逐步判别方法,建立了西南涡大降水的预报方程并进行了试报,效果良好。  相似文献   

19.
本文首先从规模、结构和效率3个方面在理论上分析我国城镇化对二氧化碳排放的影响机理。并利用1978-2012年的数据,采用对数迪氏平均指数分解方法(LMDI)量化分析规模效应、结构效应和技术效应的影响程度。结果表明:城镇化导致的经济增长是人均二氧化碳排放增加的主要拉动因素;而城镇化过程中结构调整是人均二氧化碳排放的主要拉低因素;城镇化过程中技术效应拉低了人均二氧化碳的排放,但与结构效应相比影响效果较小。研究认为:城镇化带来的结构变化的影响越来越重要,成为降低碳排放的最大因素,目前技术效应正在发挥作用,但是作用有限,如果要实现低碳城镇化,需要提高能源使用效率来发挥技术效应的作用。  相似文献   

20.
以Lu[1]改进的温带气旋识别方法为基础,结合江苏省73个人工气象观测站的降水资料,统计分析了近35年来春季江淮气旋及其与江苏春季暴雨的关系。结果表明,近35年来,春季江淮气旋发生的次数呈现趋势性递减的变化,其源地主要集中在安徽西南部的大别山东侧和西北部的淮河上游平原。江淮气旋对沿江苏南的春季暴雨有重要影响,而对淮北地区暴雨的影响最弱,给江苏春季带来区域性暴雨的江淮气旋主要是介于中尺度和天气尺度之间的次天气尺度系统。引起淮北和江淮之间两个区域暴雨的江淮气旋源于皖、豫、鲁三省交界处的比例较高。春季江淮气旋造成的暴雨区主要位于气旋中心附近和气旋的南部。其中,淮北地区雨区主要位于气旋中心附近,沿江苏南的雨区在气旋中心和南部均有分布。气旋中心涡度和风速大小、低空西南急流的位置和水汽通量辐合的位置是暴雨落区差异的主要原因。  相似文献   

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