共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
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在分析传统动力学参数法桩基检测技术存在问题的基础上,提出了用不同质量的锤,多次锤击桩顶的锤桩碰撞方法,解决了传统动力参数法测试仪器的读数误差,以及利用地质土工资料求桩土参振折合质量的不便。并针对传统动力参数法在桩基检测过程中,未考虑桩顶露头高度对单桩承载力的影响这一问题,从一维杆件中的应力波传播方程出发,利用分离变量法,推导出桩顶露头高度对单桩承载力的影响关系式。 相似文献
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基于完整锚杆动测技术的围岩质量识别研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
完整锚杆系统是由完整的锚杆杆体、饱满的锚固介质以及围岩组成的有机体系。在描述锚杆低应变动力响应的数学力学模型中,将锚固介质与围岩对锚杆体的作用简化为沿杆长均匀分布的杆侧弹性系数与阻尼系数,以及均匀分布在杆底的刚度系数与阻尼系数,即锚杆系统的动力参数。它们不仅表征了锚杆锚固质量,而且体现出锚杆所处围岩的物理参数。通过建立围岩物理参数与完整锚杆系统动力参数的映射关系,可以对围岩质量进行识别。为此,建立了完整锚杆三维轴对称有限元计算模型,得到不同的围岩物理力学参数所对应的锚杆杆顶速度响应;根据完整锚杆低应变动力响应理论解和遗传算法建立了完整锚杆动力参数的识别方法;通过对不同围岩下完整锚杆的数值模拟结果的动力参数识别,建立了杆侧弹性系数与围岩变形模量之间的关系式,提出了一种基于完整锚杆动测技术的围岩质量识别方法。 相似文献
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列车荷载作用下高铁路基速度传递规律模型试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
列车运行速度的提高会加剧轨道路基结构的振动,削弱其动力稳定性,并可能产生过大的附加沉降,严重时可导致轨道路基结构失稳破坏,因此,在列车荷载作用下高铁路基结构的动力响应是世界各国高速铁路建设及运营过程中亟待解决的课题。依托典型高速铁路路基工程,利用自主研制的伺服激振控制系统,开展了大比例尺的高铁路基激振模型试验研究,通过激振器模拟列车轮轴循环加载,得到了不同频率激振力作用下路基不同层位的速度的时程变化曲线及幅值空间分布特征;揭示了列车荷载作用下路基速度幅值传递及衰减规律。研究表明,不同频率的激振力作用下路基土体的速度曲线具有明显的周期性峰值;同一频率作用下路基土体中速度幅值沿深度方向不断减小,呈指数衰减趋势,随着深度的增加。研究成果为相应实际工程的设计、施工及运营提供了一定的参考及借鉴。 相似文献
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为了研究爆破掘进施工对巷道支护锚杆的影响,采用结构动力学理论,从理论上推导出了锚杆在爆破地震波作用下的振动规律,计算出锚杆上的位移、振速、轴力随时间的变化,研究了黏结式锚杆在爆破动荷载作用下的动力响应特征。结果表明：自由段锚杆的轴力和轴向振速呈现指数型衰减,而锚固段锚杆的轴力和轴向振速以及剪应力呈现正弦变化,整体表现为先增大后减小。锚固长度对锚杆振动效应影响较大,不同锚固长度时锚杆受力状态不同,在锚杆满足抗拉强度的前提下,可以适当减小锚固段长度。剪切刚度对锚杆的振动有一定的影响,剪切刚度越大,锚杆与锚固砂浆之间的剪应力也越大。故为了防止锚杆不发生剪切破坏,尽量选择剪切刚度较小的锚固剂材料。研究成果对掘进爆破安全技术的提高具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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《岩土力学》2020,(1)
为了研究爆破掘进施工对巷道支护锚杆的影响,本文采用结构动力学理论,从理论上推导出了锚杆在动荷载作用下的运动规律,计算出锚杆上的位移、振速、轴力;分析研究了黏结式锚杆在爆破动荷载作用下的动力响应特征。结果表明:自由段锚杆的轴力和轴向振速呈现指数型衰减,而锚固段锚杆的轴力和轴向振速以及剪应力呈现正弦变化,整体表现为先增大后减小。锚固长度对锚杆振动效应影响较大,不同锚固长度时锚杆受力状态不同,在锚杆满足抗拉强度的前提下,可以适当减小锚固段长度。剪切刚度对锚杆的振动有一定的影响,剪切刚度越大,锚杆与锚固砂浆之间的剪应力也越大。故为了防止锚杆不发生剪切破坏,尽量选择剪切刚度较小的锚固剂材料。研究成果对掘进爆破安全技术的提高具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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无损检测锚杆锚固质量的现场试验研究 总被引：16，自引：1，他引：15
利用声频应力波法和无损拉拔试验,现场在潘－矿检测了锚杆支护的施工质量,得出声频应力波在锚固体系中的传播,相位和衰减变化规律,以及锚固质量普查检测的分级标准和精确无损测定锚固力的方法。 相似文献
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为了对SC-86H型高能射流式液动锤冲锤结构进行优化,应用CFD动态分析,对2种不同冲锤结构的射流式液动锤模型进行了研究。计算表明：在相同输入流量下,新型冲锤结构的射流式液动锤与原冲锤结构相比性能具有优势,冲击末速度得到了提高,冲击功与能量利用率平均增长7.9%与12.7%,新型冲锤结构减小了流体阻力消耗的能量,更有利于高能输出。另外,通过Ls-dyna非线性动力学分析,对2种冲锤结构的碎岩效果进行了研究,并对新型冲锤应力强度进行了分析。结果表明：新型冲锤结构的能量传递效率更高,且满足疲劳强度校核,相同冲击末速度下,岩层吸能值高于原冲锤结构;新型冲锤结构的吸能率较高,2种冲锤模型的吸能率随入射能量成非线性增长。 相似文献
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Tao Zhigang Zhao Fei Wang Hongjian Zhang Haijiang Peng Yanyan 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(15):341
Bolt supporting is a major technology used in highly stressed surrounding rock support. Although significant developments of new patterns of bolts have been documented, the stiffness problem which causes the bolt to cannot adapt to the large deformation of surrounding rock was still unsolved. Hence, a novel bolt with constant working resistance and steady large deformation was developed to bear creep deformation and impact load. The constant resistance large deformation bolt (CRLD bolt) was composed of constant resistance element, bolt rod, baffle plate, and tightening nut, which would efficiently control the engineering disasters such as collapse and rock blast. The results of static tensile tests indicated that the CRLD bolt could provide constant resistance ranging from 120 to 130 kN, and the maximal elongation length was 1100 mm without bolt breaking at tensile rate of 10, 20, and 100 mm/s, respectively. Tensile rate has no obvious relationship with constant resistance force. Dynamical impact tests showed that bolt resistance property and its absorption capacity of impact energy were stable, and the dynamic constant resistance changed from 90 to 120 kN, with the impacting height for drop hammers of 10 and 1000 mm. It has also been proved that this kind of bolt has good performance in practical application such as in Qing Shui coal mine. The in situ monitoring results indicate that the CRLD bolt is able to retain rock mass stability and prevent the surrounding rocks from being destructed due to its large-scale deformation. Overall, CRLD bolt is suitable for large deformation, constant resistance, and energy absorption. 相似文献
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液动冲击回转钻进技术现已广泛应用于地质勘探领域,但在石油、地热、煤层气等其他钻井领域应用还较少。原因之一是现有的液动潜孔锤正常工作所需泵量和泵压与输出冲击功和冲击频率难以适应上述钻井领域的要求。针对这一问题,分析了冲击功与冲击力的关系,利用压电石英传感器测定液动潜孔锤的冲击功,并研制了多参数液动潜孔锤测试平台,探索液动潜孔锤结构参数对其输入、输出性能参数的影响,以适应不同领域钻井技术的要求。新研制的液动潜孔锤测试平台由数据采集和处理模块、循环动力模块和机械固定模块3个主要模块组成,实现了在尽可能不破坏液动锤结构的前提下对其输出冲击功、冲击频率及泵量、上下腔压力、背压等多个参数进行实时动态监测,进而开展液动潜孔锤理论研究,进一步提高其研究水平和适用领域。 相似文献
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采用理论分析和实验室测试的方法对锚固锚杆和自由锚杆中的导波传播规律进行了研究,并在频率为20 kHz～ 3 MHz范围内对锚固锚杆和自由锚杆波的传播速度进行了测试,发现锚固锚杆内不同频率的导波传播速度对锚固介质具有不同的敏感性。低频率段（20～200 kHz）的导波传播速度对锚杆锚固质量较为敏感,自由锚杆和锚固锚杆中导波的传播速度相差较大,适合于检测锚杆的锚固质量。高频率段（1～3 MHz）的导波传播速度对锚杆锚固质量不敏感,导波的传播速度基本不变,适合于锚杆完整性检测。探索了利用高频段多频率导波检测锚固锚杆长度的方法。实验室检测结果显示,本检测方法具有很高的精度 相似文献
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深部岩体工程中,锚杆在围岩变形后处于高承载应力状态,受到爆破振动、矿震等动载荷作用后极易失效,因此,亟待研究动力扰动下锚杆的力学响应机制。基于SHPB试验平台,自行研发了一套研究锚杆动力响应的试验装置,开展动力扰动下全长黏结锚杆的力学响应特性研究。结果表明：初始动载荷作用下锚杆滑移量随着入射能的增加而增加,锚杆中应力波的波峰值随着传播距离的增加而逐渐减小,当应力波传播至锚杆最里端时,应力波峰值衰减较大;第2次动载荷后锚杆SG1处与SG2处应力波峰值差明显比第1次减小,表明动载荷下锚固界面从锚杆外端开始损伤;锚杆失效与锚固界面损伤有关,锚杆承载后初次受到动载荷的影响导致锚固界面产生损伤,损伤锚固段又受到外部载荷（如二次冲击、岩体挤压）作用时会进一步劣化,其不能抵抗围岩的变形而失效。研究结果为揭示锚杆支护失效行为,采取合理的设计与施工提供新的思路。 相似文献
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The Schmidt hammer in rock material characterization 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The Schmidt hammer provides a quick and inexpensive measure of surface hardness that is widely used for estimating the mechanical properties of rock material. However, a number of issues such as hammer type, normalization of rebound values, specimen dimensions, surface smoothness, weathering and moisture content, and testing, data reduction and analysis procedures continue to influence the consistency and reliability of the Schmidt hammer test results. This paper presents: a) a critical review of these basic issues; and b) the results of tests conducted on granitic rocks of various weathering grades in the light of the conclusions of this review. It was found that a very good correlation exists between L and N hammer rebound values and that both hammers are fairly sensitive to the physical properties, particularly to dry density though less so to effective and total porosities. The N hammer, producing a lesser scatter in the data, proved to be more efficient than the L hammer in predicting uniaxial compressive strength and Young's modulus. The exponential form of the correlation curves was found to reflect microstructural changes during the course of weathering and the differences in the probing scales or mechanisms in the means of measuring these mechanical properties, and could be generalized to other crystalline igneous rocks. The possibility of predicting weathering grades from rebound values was also explored. The changes in the rebound values during multiple impacts at a given point produced a better indication of the weathering grade than a single impact value. It was concluded that increasing the impact energy and plunger tip diameter should significantly reduce the scatter in coarse-grained weathered rocks and hence improve the reliability of the Schmidt hammer as a rock material characterization tool. 相似文献
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In this work, dynamic test results of D-bolts are presented. The rock bolt specimens studied are 20 and 22 mm in diameter
and 0.8–1.5 m in section length. The bolts were tested at an impact velocity of 5.4–6.2 m/s and with impact energy varying
from 10 to 60 kJ. In total, over 50 drop tests were conducted during a period of three years. The dynamic tests show that
a D-bolt section of 22 mm × 1.5 m can sustain an impact of 56 kJ of a dynamic impact and absorb 60 kJ of energy prior to failure.
The maximum impact energy of the 22 mm bolt is thus 37 kJ/m of bolt and the maximum energy absorption is 40 kJ/m. The displacement
of the D-bolt increases linearly with the impact energy. A theoretical solution has been obtained for the relationship between
the impact energy and the displacement of the bolt. It states that the energy absorption of a D-bolt section is proportionally
related to the volume of the bolt section and the tensile strength and ultimate strain of the bolt material. It was also found
that the magnitude of the impact energy determines whether or not the bolt fails, while the impact momentum determines how
long the impact lasts. The impact duration increases linearly with momentum as long as the bolt shank does not fail. 相似文献
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《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2013,8(2):137-146
This paper describes a numerical model developed to simulate the wave propagation in an elastic media that is applied to in situ dynamic penetration test devices currently used for site characterization. In the model, dynamic equilibrium equations are solved by finite difference analysis in the time domain to produce the discretization of a penetration system – including hammer, rod, penetrometer (or sampler) and soil. In standard penetration tests numerical simulations are shown to agree well with energy measurements derived from force and acceleration signals produced by the impact of a hammer. A parametric study allowed the identification of the relevant factors affecting penetration by demonstrating that the energy effectively delivered to the soil is a function of hammer height of fall and weight of both hammer and rods, as well as the permanent penetration of the penetrometer into the ground produced by a single stroke. Based on these evidences, an approach is suggested to compare results from different dynamic penetration tests without the need to rely on empirical correlations, which is achieved by demonstrating that different equipments should yield the same normalized energy once the influence of both the hammer and rod potential energies are properly considered. 相似文献