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1.
《东北石油大学学报》2020,(3)
根据铸体薄片和扫描电镜观察,研究雅布赖盆地新河组砂岩颗粒包膜的赋存状态,分析颗粒包膜的成因及其对物性的影响。结果表明:雅布赖盆地新河组砂岩颗粒包膜为伊利石膜和蛋白石膜。伊利石膜具有充填状和环边状两种赋存形式,充填状伊利石膜由沉积作用形成的团块状蒙皂石转化而来,环边状伊利石膜由沉积作用形成的环边状蒙皂石转化而来。蛋白石膜来源于长石和火山岩岩屑溶蚀提供的硅质流体,沉淀在次生石英加大、次生长石加大、方解石胶结物等颗粒表面。环边状黏土膜发育的粒间孔全充填方解石,SiO_2流体含量过高,胶结物发育的粒间孔适宜蛋白石微粒沉淀。自生矿物的形成取决于成岩环境,颗粒包膜不能抑制次生石英加大和方解石沉淀而保护孔隙。含油气沉积盆地砂岩中普遍发育颗粒包膜。该结果可为研究区优质储层分布规律研究提供参考。 相似文献
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辽东凸起东营组砂岩成岩作用及其对储层的影响 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
《东北石油大学学报》2017,(1)
为确定辽东凸起东营组砂岩储层特征,采用偏光显微镜、扫描电镜、岩石热解、X线衍射及包裹体测温等方法,分析研究区储层岩石学、成岩作用特征及控制因素。结果表明:东营组储层主要岩石类型为杂基体积分数较低的岩屑长石砂岩和长石岩屑砂岩,其成岩阶段为早成岩B期和中成岩A期;主要成岩作用类型包括机械压实作用、胶结作用和溶蚀作用,其中沉积、成岩初期压实作用和方解石胶结作用,以及中晚期自生高岭石等黏土矿物充填是破坏储层孔隙的主要成岩作用,成岩中后期的长石溶蚀作用是改善储层物性的主要成岩作用;沉积作用决定研究区储层原生孔隙数量,成岩作用控制储层原生孔隙的改造程度及次生孔隙的发育程度。研究结果为辽东凸起东营组油气勘探提供地质依据,为辽东湾其他构造区块同类储层研究提供参考。 相似文献
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利用50余口井的储层实验资料,对苏北盆地主力勘探地区海安凹陷和高邮凹陷泰州组砂岩储层进行孔隙类型和有利储层评价。综合研究表明:海安凹陷和高邮凹陷泰州组发育三角洲、浊积扇、扇三角洲等成因类型砂体,这些砂体由成分和结构成熟度较低的长石岩屑砂岩和岩屑长石砂岩组成,并且砂岩储层发育次生孔隙,原生孔隙较少;海安凹陷泰州组储层第一个次生孔隙发育段为2 300～2 500m,系大量碳酸盐胶结物、长石和岩屑颗粒遭受强烈溶蚀而成,孔隙度为12%～25%,第二个次生孔隙发育段为2 600～3 200m;高邮凹陷泰州组储层孔隙演化与海安凹陷有一定差异,其只存在1个次生孔隙发育段(2 400～2 900m),孔隙发育程度与海安凹陷的第一个次生孔隙带相似;泰州组砂岩储层中次生孔隙的形成主要与沉积物中有机质演化产生的有机酸、酚以及碳酸有关;大部分次生孔隙是由粒间碳酸盐胶结物溶蚀产生;海安凹陷有利储层主要分布在西北部和东部三角洲前缘砂体和滑塌浊积扇砂体中,高邮凹陷有利储层主要分布在南部扇三角洲前缘砂体中,储层埋藏浅、物性好,均以Ⅰ和Ⅱ类储层为主,是有利的勘探地区。 相似文献
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东濮凹陷上二叠统砂岩储层物性呈现特低孔特低渗特征,属于典型致密砂岩储层.分析上二叠统致密砂岩储层主要成岩作用类型及特征,划分成岩相,建立不同成岩相储层成岩演化序列及孔隙演化模型.结果表明:东濮凹陷上二叠统致密砂岩以岩屑长石砂岩和长石岩屑砂岩为主,储集空间以次生溶蚀孔为主,局部发育残余原生孔;机械压实、碳酸盐胶结和晚期黏土矿物转化、交代作用主要对储层物性起破坏作用,晚期溶蚀作用对储层物性有改善作用;划分4种成岩相,即绿泥石胶结相、不稳定组分溶蚀相、碳酸盐胶结相和强压实—充填相;不同成岩相储层的孔隙度演化具有差异性;发育绿泥石胶结相的厚层、中—粗粒、弱压实储层物性最好,不稳定组分溶蚀相储层物性次之,碳酸盐胶结相储层局部层段物性较好,强压实—充填相储层物性最差.该结果为研究区下一步油气勘探提供依据. 相似文献
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根据大量岩石铸体薄片观察、扫描电镜、X衍射以及常规物性等分析资料,详细研究了鄂尔多斯盆地泾川地区延长组长81段储层成岩作用及其对孔隙演化的控制作用。研究区储集砂体主要由岩屑长石砂岩组成,含长石砂岩、长石岩屑砂岩;储层以发育粒间孔和粒内溶孔为主;经历了复杂的成岩作用,主要为压实作用、胶结作用、溶蚀作用、交代作用以及破裂作用等;现今成岩阶段处于中成岩A期-B期的早期。成岩序列为压实作用→石英的次生加大、铁质、方解石、绿泥石薄膜式胶结等→长石和岩屑溶蚀→高岭石以及晚期孔隙充填式绿泥石、伊利石、含铁碳酸盐。对不同成岩作用在储集砂岩的孔隙生成和损失方面的定量评价研究表明,压实作用使孔隙度减小最多,平均为22.70%,早期胶结损失的平均孔隙度为6.07%,长石及岩屑颗粒的溶蚀作用增加的平均孔隙度为1.035%;晚期胶结损失的平均孔隙度为9.18%。正是上述多种成岩作用的改造,最终形成了研究区现今储层独特的孔隙特征,该研究对油气勘探具有更强的实用性与指导性。 相似文献
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North Carnarvon盆地三叠系Mungaroo组发育典型的海陆过渡相浅水三角洲,三角洲平原亚相分布广,薄煤层广泛发育。通过岩心、薄片的观察鉴定以及测井资料、扫描电镜、黏土矿物等的分析得到三叠系储层Mungaroo组砂岩类型主要为石英砂岩和长石石英砂岩,具有结构成熟度低、成分成熟度高的特点,不同相带与构造单元砂岩物性差异较大。菱铁矿、高岭石、石英加大边与海绿石是控制Mungaroo组储层物性的典型成岩矿物类型,体现了海陆过渡相砂岩的成岩特点。近端三角洲平原亚相砂岩长石早期溶蚀生成大量土状高岭石与伊利石,且菱铁矿含量较高,充填大量原生粒间孔隙;而远端三角洲平原亚相保留了大量原生粒间孔及长石溶解形成的次生孔,储层物性较好;三角洲前缘亚相砂岩钙质及海绿石胶结物普遍发育,储层物性较差。Dampier坳陷和Barrow坳陷区埋深大,加上砂岩石英颗粒含量高,石英次生加大强烈,碎屑颗粒以线接触—缝合线接触为主;而在紧邻的Exmouth低隆起和Rankin断隆带等低隆起区由于上覆地层厚度较薄,砂岩压实程度较低,普遍发育优质储层。 相似文献
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成岩流体酸碱性对砂岩次生孔隙的形成具有重要影响。从酸性和碱性成岩流体演化角度分析鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界致密砂岩成岩流体酸碱性对物性的控制作用。依据大量铸体薄片观察、扫描电镜、X衍射分析、常规物性测试和高压压汞，详细研究了鄂尔多斯盆地东缘临兴和神府地区上古生界致密砂岩的岩石矿物学特征、物性特征、成岩作用、孔隙成因类型和孔喉结构特征，探讨了致密砂岩储层酸性和碱性成岩流体环境的识别、分带、分布和发育的各类伴生孔隙，并分析了成岩流体环境的演化过程及物性响应特征。在埋藏过程中，工区上组合层系经历了碱性-酸性-碱性的成岩流体演变模式，下组合含煤层系经历了酸性-碱性的成岩流体演变模式。酸性成岩环境以长石溶蚀、石英加大和自生高岭石沉淀为主要特征，发育长石溶蚀孔、黏土矿物晶间孔等孔隙类型，孔喉半径较大，储层质量相对较好；碱性成岩环境以石英溶蚀、自生绿泥石沉淀为主要特征，以石英溶蚀孔、黏土矿物晶间孔为主要孔隙类型，孔喉半径较小，储层质量相对较差。酸碱过渡带致密砂岩储层介于两者之间。但是每类储层的物性和孔喉结构变化较大。成岩流体环境在纵向上呈现分带特征，自上而下发育碱性带、酸碱过渡带、酸性带、酸碱过渡带和碱性带，不同地区之间分带深度边界有差别；在酸碱过渡带中，局部地区发育酸性带、较弱酸性带和较弱碱性带。 相似文献
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准噶尔盆地车排子地区下侏罗统八道湾组砂岩储层成岩作用与孔隙演化 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0
《东北石油大学学报》2017,(1)
准噶尔盆地车排子地区八道湾组油气勘探取得重大突破,但该地区成岩作用方面的研究还比较薄弱。根据岩石薄片及扫描电镜观察,确定车排子地区成岩作用类型及成岩事件发生顺序;根据阴极发光测试,确定方解石胶结物期次、石英次生加大发育程度及高岭石分布特征;根据X线衍射,确定黏土矿物组成及各矿物成分体积分数;根据氧同位素测试,确定自生方解石形成温度;采用反演回剥法研究储层孔隙演化过程。结果表明:储层主要经历压实作用,方解石、石英、黄铁矿等的胶结作用及长石和石英的溶蚀作用。方解石胶结物形成温度主要介于40~85℃,大致对应早成岩阶段A期的晚期至早成岩阶段B期;黏土矿物以高岭石为主,主要来源于长石的溶蚀;储层孔隙演化过程可以划分为3个阶段,即快速压实阶段、压实胶结阶段及压实溶蚀阶段。该研究成果为车排子地区八道湾组地层油气勘探提供地质依据。 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区致密油储层主要分布在延长组长7段。通过长7段致密砂岩样品的核磁共振测试和场发射扫描电镜分析,对致密油储层可动流体赋存特征及影响因素进行了研究。结果表明:致密油砂岩岩心的最佳离心力为1.448 MPa;核磁共振T2谱截止值分布范围较宽,平均为20.64 ms;可动流体饱和度低,平均为40.27%,主要被0.05～1.00 μm的喉道所控制,且喉道在0.10～0.50 μm区间时,致密油岩样可动流体饱和度最高、下降速度最快。整体上,可动流体饱和度与物性呈现出一定的正相关性,且在长71段,储层物性相对较好,可动流体饱和度较高。微裂缝发育程度、溶蚀孔隙、黏土矿物和石英颗粒充填孔隙等储层微观孔隙结构特征是可动流体的主要影响因素。其中,微裂缝、溶蚀孔隙的发育在一定程度上提高了储层可动流体饱和度;而黏土矿物及石英颗粒充填孔隙则导致储层可动流体饱和度的降低。关于长7段储层可动流体赋存特征的认识对鄂尔多斯盆地致密油资源开发具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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借助有机酸热模拟、岩石薄片及阴极发光实验资料,分析了鄂尔多斯东部地区山西组煤系烃源岩与石英次生加大边的关系。研究表明:煤系烃源岩以Ⅲ型干酪根为主,在热演化生烃的过程中由于含氧基团逐步断裂产生了大量的有机酸;在酸性微孔隙环境下,石英砂岩及其岩屑石英砂岩中的火山喷出岩屑、长石等不稳定矿物易遭受溶蚀,形成的SiO2提供了石英次生加大的硅质来源,薄片及阴极发光下均可观察到石英发育多期次生加大,尤以二期次生加大为主;证实煤系烃源岩中的有机酸是导致石英发生多期次生加大的直接原因,最终形成致密砂岩。 相似文献
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根据 2 0 0 1年 11至 2 0 0 2年 1月间北部湾海域秋、冬季 2个航次的底拖网渔业资源调查资料 ,对北部湾海域甲壳类的种类组成及分布进行研究。本次调查共渔获虾类 2 4种 ,隶属于 6科 11属 ;蟹类 30种 ,隶属 9科 19属 ;虾蛄 9种 ,隶属 2科 6属。各种类沿水深和地理分布有明显变化 ,主要集中分布于湾中部水深 2 1～ 80m海域。 相似文献
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Mollisols properties and changes in Ukraine and China 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
Soils are the foundation of civilizations and the basis for human food production.Mollisols in Ukraine and Northeast China are two out of the four major Mollisol regions in the world.The natural areas from which Mollisols developed are the prairies and steppes that experience temperate and freezing conditions.This review paper introduces the general climate,vegetation,and topography of Mollisols regions in Ukraine and Northeast China,analyzes their properties,including soil texture,soil organic matter content,soil bulk density,pH,cation exchange capacity and other chemical properties,and compares the property changes and management practices of Mollisols in relation to sustainable grain production. 相似文献
14.
Pak-TaoLeung CarlH.Gibson 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2004,22(1):1-23
Turbulence is defined as an eddy-like state of fluid motion where the inertial-vortex forces of the eddies are larger than any of the other forces that tend to damp the eddies out. Energy cascades of irrotational flows from large scales to small are non-turbulent, even if they supply energy to turbulence. Turbulent flows are rotational and cascade from small scales to large, with feedback. Viscous forces limit the smallest turbulent eddy size to the Kolmogorov scale. In stratified fluids, buoyancy forces limit large vertical overturns to the Ozmidov scale and convert the largest turbulent eddies into a unique class of saturated, non-propagating, internal waves, termed fossil-vorticity-turbulence. These waves have the same energy but different properties and spectral forms than the original turbulence patch. The Gibson (1980, 1986) theory of fossil turbulence applies universal similarity theories of turbulence and turbulent mixing to the vertical evolution of an isolated patch of turbulence in a stratified fluid as its growth is constrained and fossilized by buoyancy forces. Quantitative hydrodynamic-phase-diagrams (HPDs) from the theory are used to classify microstructure patches according to their hydrodynamic states. When analyzed in HPD space, previously published oceanic datasets showed their dominant microstructure patches are fossilized at large scales in all layers. Laboratory and field measurements suggested phytoplankton species with different swimming abilities adjust their growth strategies by pattern recognition of tur-bulence-fossil-turbulence dissipation and persistence times that predict survival-relevant surface layer sea changes. New data collected near a Honolulu waste-water outfall showed the small-to-large evolution of oceanic turbulence microstructure from active to fossil states, and revealed the ability of fossil-density-turbulence patches to absorb, and vertically radiate, internal wave energy, information, and enhanced turbulent-mixing-rates toward the sea surface so that the submerged waste-field could be detected from a space satellite (Bondur and Filatov, 2003). 相似文献
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Toxic cyanobacteria(TCB) are well-known worldwide for their adverse impacts on humans. Species compositions and seasonal variations of TCB in reservoirs depend on interactions between physical and chemical factors. This study was conducted to evaluate the water quality in the Aha Reservoir, Southwest China, focusing on cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins. Water samples were collected weekly or biweekly from May to September of 2015 and used to delineate temporal variations in density and distribution of toxic cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in the reservoir. Toxic cyanobacteria identified consisted of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae, Pseudanabaena limnetica, Cylindrospermopsis sp., and Microcystis sp., with Aphanizomenon flos-aquae and Pseudanabaena limnetica being the most common and significant toxic genera. The total biomass of cyanobacteria was 17.0 mg/L. Identification and quantification of microcystin variants were conducted by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) using a system equipped with a photodiode array detector. Microcystin levels were between 0–3.0 μg/L, MC-RR was around 0–3.0 μg/L and MC-LR was approximately 0–0.9 μg/L. Overall, the results of this study indicate that the investigated reservoirs should be monitored regularly to minimize potential health risks to the human population. 相似文献
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城镇地籍调查是国土资源管理的一项重要的基础性工作,是城镇土地登记的法定程序,主要内容包括土地权属调查和地籍测量。该文分析探讨了土地权属调查政策、调查程序以及地籍测量技术的创新及应用,对城镇地籍初始和变更地籍调查具有一定的指导和借鉴作用。 相似文献
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JIN Huijun SUN Guangyou YU Shaopeng JIN Rui HE Ruixia 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2008,18(1):62-69
Recently, the degradation of permafrost and marsh environments in the Da and Xiao Hinggan Mountains has become a great concern as more human activities and pronounced climate warming were observed during the past 30 years and projected for the near future. The distr/bution patterns and development mechanisms of the permafrost and marshes have been examined both in theories and in field observations, in order to better understand the symbiosis of permafrost and marshes. The permafrost and marshes in the Da and Xiao Hinggan Mountains display discernible zonations in latitude and elevation. The marsh vegetation canopy, litter and peat soil have good thermal insulation properties for the underlying permafrost, resulting in a thermal offset of 3 ℃ to 4℃ and subsequently suppressing soil temperature. In addition, the much higher thermal conductivity of frozen and ice-rich peat in the active layer is conducive to the development or in favor of the protection of permafrost due to the semi-conductor properties of the soils overlying the permafrost. On the other hand, because permafrost is almost impervious, the osmosis of water in marsh soils can be effectively reduced, timely providing water supplies for helophytes growth or germination in spring. In the Da and Xiao Hinggan Mountains, the permafrost degradation has been accelerating due to the marked climate warming, ever increasing human activities, and the resultant eco-environmental changes. Since the permafrost and marsh environments are symbiotic and interdependent, they need to be managed or protected in a well-coordinated and integrated way. 相似文献
18.
小城市和建制镇土地集约利用程度低 发达国家的城镇化历程表明,城镇化水平达到30％后,城镇化即驶入快车道。目前,我国城镇化水平接近40％,已进入加速发展阶段,这一过程不依人们的意志为转移,也是我国实现现代化的必经之路。同时,我国城镇化水平还 相似文献
19.
Systematic studies of the changes in dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) and their
effects on phytoplankton over the last 30 years in the Bohai Sea are presented. The amount of sewage disposal, use of fertilizer
and the Huanghe River runoff were found to have a significant influence on the DIN or DIP concentrations in the Bohai Sea
over the last 30 years. Moreover, the changes in DIN and DIP resulted in changes in the limiting nutrients of phytoplankton
in the Bohai Sea from nitrogen in the early 1980s to nitrogen-phosphorus in the late 1980s, and then to phosphorus after the
1990s. In addition, changes in nitrogen and phosphorus had a significant effect on the phytoplankton community structure.
The half saturation constant (K
s) was used to evaluate the effect of nutrients on the phytoplankton community structure in the Bohai Sea over the last 30
years. Cell abundance percentages of dominant phytoplankton species with high K
s values for phosphorus and low K
s values for nitrogen have decreased since the 1980s, while those of dominant phytoplankton species with low K
s values for phosphorus and high K
s values for nitrogen increased during this period. 相似文献