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1.
南阿尔金造山带是目前报道的具有最深俯冲记录的大陆超高压变质带,其内出露有高压-超高温麻粒岩,它们对深入理解大陆地壳岩石超深俯冲与折返过程具有重要意义.介绍了对南阿尔金巴什瓦克地区长英质麻粒岩和基性麻粒岩的岩相学、矿物化学、相平衡模拟及锆石U-Pb年代学研究成果.其中基性麻粒岩主要记录了深俯冲大陆地壳折返过程的变质演化:包括高压榴辉岩相、高压-超高温麻粒岩相、低压-超高温麻粒岩相及随后的近等压降温演化阶段;长英质麻粒岩除了记录与基性麻粒岩相似的折返过程外,还记录了从角闪岩相到超高压榴辉岩相的进变质演化过程.结合已有研究资料,确定超高压榴辉岩阶段峰期条件> 7~9 GPa和>1 000℃,可达到斯石英稳定域.锆石年代学显示两种岩石类型的原岩和变质年龄均分别在900 Ma和500 Ma左右.变质作用与年代学研究表明,南阿尔金大陆地壳岩石在早古生代发生超深俯冲至200~300 km后,折返至加厚地壳底部发生高压-超高温变质作用,随后被快速抬升至地壳浅部发生低压-超高温变质作用并经历迅速冷却. 相似文献
2.
北秦岭松树沟榴辉岩的确定及其地质意义 总被引：9，自引：8，他引：1
松树沟石榴石角闪岩(榴闪岩)呈透镜状产于松树沟超镁铁岩旁侧的斜长角闪岩中,一直以来被认为是形成于接触交代变质或麻粒岩相变质过程。详细岩相学及矿物元素分析,在榴闪岩的基质矿物、石榴石幔部及锆石包体中发现残留的绿辉石,而且石榴石也保存了明显的进变质主、微量元素成分环带,表明松树沟榴闪岩为榴辉岩退变质的产物,至少经历了从角闪岩相到榴辉岩相再到角闪岩相的三阶段顺时针PT演化过程。锆石定年结果得到榴辉岩的变质年龄为500±8Ma,原岩结晶时代为796±16Ma,与秦岭岩群北侧官坡超高压榴辉岩的变质年龄和原岩年龄完全一致,也与北秦岭区域高压-超高压变质时代和原岩的结晶时代一致。表明松树沟榴辉岩与北秦岭造山带已发现的高压-超高压变质岩石一起都应是古生代大陆深俯冲作用的结果,而松树沟超镁铁岩可能是俯冲的大陆板片在折返过程中携带的俯冲隧道中的交代地幔岩。 相似文献
3.
北秦岭高压-超高压岩石的多期变质时代及其地质意义 总被引：14，自引：12，他引：2
在岩相学观察和锆石CL图像研究的基础上,利用LA-ICP-MS原位微区定年分析方法,本文确定北秦岭清油河退变榴辉岩的峰期变质时代为490±6Ma,退变质时代为453±9Ma,原岩形成时代为655±9Ma;松树沟超高压长英质片麻岩的峰期变质时代为497±8Ma,两期退变质时代分别为448±4Ma和421±2Ma,原岩形成时代上限832±25Ma;寨根石榴石辉石岩的峰期变质时代为498±2Ma,中压麻粒岩相退变质时代为450±3Ma,角闪岩相退变质时代为426±1Ma,原岩形成时代为573±40Ma;西峡北榴闪岩的角闪岩相变质时代为423±3Ma,原岩形成时代为843±7Ma。新确定的这些岩石的峰期变质时代与前人已报导的区内高压-超高压岩石的峰期变质时代在误差范围内基本一致,结合区内高压-超高压岩石不仅分布在秦岭岩群北缘的官坡-双槐树一带,而且断续出露在秦岭岩群中部或偏南侧的清油河北-松树沟-寨根北甚至西峡北东西一线,进一步表明它们应是同一期构造地质事件的产物。北秦岭已发现的全部正变质的高压-超高压岩石均呈透镜体状分布在围岩片麻岩中,松树沟超高压长英质片麻岩的原岩为典型的陆壳沉积物,因此,这些高压-超高压岩石的形成可能都是陆壳俯冲-深俯冲作用的产物。结合岩相学观察、锆石CL图像和锆石U-Pb定年表明,这些高压-超高压岩石在～500Ma经历了峰期变质作用后,又分别在～450Ma和～420Ma遭受了中压麻粒岩相和或角闪岩相退变质作用的叠加,充分说明这些高压-超高压岩石经历了一个完整的由陆壳俯冲-深俯冲、之后连续两次抬升的构造演化过程。另外,本次研究新获得的这些岩石的原岩形成时代介于843±7Ma～573±40Ma之间,结合官坡榴辉岩的原岩形成时代为791～814Ma以及松树沟榴闪岩原岩时代为787±16Ma的研究,共同表明北秦岭高压-超高压岩石的原岩形成时代均为新元古代,因此,限定俯冲-深俯冲的陆壳物质应来自形成时代为新元古代的大陆地壳或地质体。结合区域地质背景和前人研究成果综合分析,本文初步认为,北秦岭高压-超高压变质岩带的形成是商丹洋向北俯冲拖曳南秦岭新元古代陆壳物质在～500Ma发生陆壳俯冲-深俯冲作用的产物,之后在～450Ma与～420Ma经历了两期抬升。 相似文献
4.
Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analyses of U–Pb isotopes and trace elements in zircon and titanite were carried out on epoxy mounts and thin sections for ultrahigh‐pressure (UHP) eclogite in association with paragneiss in the Dabie orogen. The results provide a direct link between metamorphic ages and temperatures during continental subduction‐zone metamorphism. Zircon U–Pb dating gives two groups of concordant ages at 242 ± 2 to 239 ± 5 Ma and 226 ± 2 to 224 ± 6 Ma, respectively. The Triassic zircon U–Pb ages are characterized by flat heavy rare earth element (HREE) patterns typical of metamorphic growth. Ti‐in‐zircon thermometry for the two generations of metamorphic zircon yields temperatures of 697 ± 27 to 721 ± 8 °C and 742 ± 19 to 778 ± 34 °C, respectively. We interpret that the first episode of zircon growth took place during subduction prior to the onset of UHP metamorphism, whereas the second episode in the stage of exhumation from UHP to HP eclogite facies regime. Thus, the continental subduction‐zone metamorphism of sedimentary protolith is temporally associated with two episodes of fluid activity, respectively, predating and postdating the UHP metamorphic phase. The significantly high Ti‐in‐zircon temperatures for the younger zircon at lower pressures indicate the initial ‘hot’ exhumation after the peak UHP metamorphism. There are two types of titanite. One exhibits light rare earth element (LREE) enrichment, steep MREE–HREE patterns and no Eu anomalies, and yields Zr‐in‐titanite temperatures of 551 to 605 °C at 0.5 GPa, and the other shows LREE depletion and flat MREE–HREE patterns, and gives Zr‐in‐titanite temperatures of 782–788 °C at 2.0 GPa. The former is amenable for U–Pb dating, yielding a discordia lower intercept age of 252 ± 3 Ma. Thus, the first type of titanite is interpreted to have grown in the absence of garnet and plagioclase and thus in the early stage of subduction. In contrast, the second one occurs as rims surrounding rutile cores and thus grew in the presence of garnet during the ‘hot’ exhumation. Therefore, there is multistage growth of zircon and titanite during the continental subduction‐zone metamorphism. The combined studies of chronometry and thermobarometry provide tight constraints on the P–T–t path of eclogites during the continental collision. It appears that the mid‐T/UHP eclogite facies zone would not only form by subduction of the continental crust in a P–T path slightly below the wet granite solidus, but also experience decompression heating during the initial exhumation. 相似文献
5.
柴北缘都兰高压麻粒岩的锆石U-Pb定年及其地质意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在柴北缘高压-超高压变质带的东端都兰地区,高压麻粒岩以透镜体的形式存在于石榴白云母片岩、花岗质片麻岩以及斜长角闪岩中。高压麻粒岩的主体为基性麻粒岩,并含少量中酸性麻粒岩。基性麻粒岩主要由石榴子石、单斜辉石、斜长石和石英等组成,而中酸性麻粒岩峰期矿物组合为:石榴子石+斜长石+钾长石+蓝晶石+石英±单斜辉石。根据显微构造和反应结构特征,主要识别出3期变质作用:①峰期高压麻粒岩相阶段(M1);②退变质高角闪岩相阶段(M2);③绿片岩相/低角闪岩相阶段(M3)。选取典型的中酸性麻粒岩样品进行了锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb原位定年分析,获得加权平均年龄为446.9±6.5Ma,且CL图像显示锆石内部发育石榴子石、单斜辉石、斜长石等矿物包体,反映锆石可能形成在峰期高压麻粒岩相变质条件下。岩石学和年代学结果显示都兰高压麻粒岩和邻近的榴辉岩同时形成于同一俯冲带的不同热构造环境,高压麻粒岩并非榴辉岩热松弛作用形成的,两者具有各自独立的变质演化历史。 相似文献
6.
在岩相学观察和锆石CL图像研究的基础上,利用LA ICP MS原位分析方法,对北秦岭官坡超高压榴辉岩和伴生的石榴石角闪岩(榴闪岩)进行了详细的锆石微区微量元素和U Th Pb同位素分析,在榴辉岩样品中得到变质年龄为(502±11)Ma,原岩结晶年龄>(657±18)Ma;在榴闪岩样品中得到原岩结晶年龄为(791±6)Ma,变质年龄为487~503 Ma,角闪岩相退变质年龄为(366±4)Ma。岩石地球化学研究显示,北秦岭官坡地区的榴闪岩具有低Si(SiO2质量分数为4916%~5078%),高Ti(TiO2质量分数为228%~283%)、富集LREE、LILE和大部分的HFSE元素,不显Nb、Ta负异常的板内玄武岩特征,与北秦岭超高压榴辉岩地球化学特征一致。结合两者的野外产状、岩相学特征、锆石形貌和年代学研究结果,表明本文研究的官坡地区的榴闪岩是超高压榴辉岩在抬升过程中在角闪岩相条件下退变质的产物。综合两者的年代学研究结果,得到北秦岭地区超高压榴辉岩的变质年龄为(502±11)Ma,原岩结晶年龄为(791±6)Ma,角闪岩相退变质年龄为(366±4)Ma。研究得到的(502±11)Ma的榴辉岩相变质年龄与前人得到的该榴辉岩围岩超高压泥质片麻岩的变质年龄(507±38)Ma以及北秦岭松树沟地区的超高压长英质片麻岩的变质年龄485~514 Ma一致,表明它们经历了同期超高压变质作用。而且,榴辉岩(502±11)Ma的变质年龄与其原岩的结晶年龄(791±6)Ma存在近300 Ma的时间间隔,表明原岩具有板内玄武岩性质的北秦岭官坡超高压榴辉岩不可能是秦岭古生代大洋板块深俯冲的产物,而可能是已构造就位的古洋壳或裂谷火山岩在古生代随陆壳一起发生大陆深俯冲作用的产物。 相似文献
7.
造山带中成对出现的高压麻粒岩与榴辉岩及其地球动力学意义 总被引：18，自引：13，他引：5
在一些典型碰撞造山带中,高压麻粒岩与榴辉岩在空间和时间上密切相关,它们之间的关系对揭示碰撞造山带的造山过程和造山机制具有重要意义.本文以中国西部的南阿尔金、柴北缘及中部的北秦岭造山带为例,详细陈述了这3个地区榴辉岩和相关的高压麻粒岩的野外关系、变质演化和形成时代,目的是要建立大陆碰撞造山带中榴辉岩和相关高压麻粒岩形成的地球动力学背景模式.南阿尔金榴辉岩呈近东西向分布在江尕勒萨依,玉石矿沟一带,与含夕线石副片麻岩、花岗质片麻岩和少量大理岩构成榴辉岩一片麻岩单元,榴辉岩中含有柯石英假象,其峰期变质条件为P=2.8～3.0GPa,T=730～850℃,并在抬升过程中经历了角闪岩-麻粒岩相的叠加;大量年代学研究显示其峰期变质时代为485～500Ma.南阿尔金高压麻粒岩分布在巴什瓦克地区,包括高压基性麻粒岩和高压长英质麻粒岩,它们与超基性岩构成了一个大约5km宽的构造岩石单元,与周围角闪岩相的片麻岩为韧性剪切带接触.长英质麻粒岩和基性麻粒岩的峰期组合均具有蓝晶石和三元长石(已变成条纹长石),形成的温压条件为T=930～1020℃,P=1.8～2.5GPa,并在退变质过程中经历了中压麻粒岩相变质作用叠加.锆石SHRIMP测定显示巴什瓦克高压麻粒岩的峰期变质时代为493～497Ma.都兰地区的榴辉岩分布柴北缘HP-UHP变质带的东端,在榴辉岩和围岩副片麻岩中均发现有柯石英保存,形成的峰期温压条件为T=670～730℃和P=2.7～3.25GPa,退变质阶段经过了角闪岩相的叠加;榴辉岩相变质时代为420～450Mao都兰地区的高压麻粒岩分布在阿尔茨托山西部,高压麻粒岩包括基性麻粒岩长英质麻粒岩,基性麻粒岩的峰期矿物组合为Grt+Cpx+Pl±Ky±Zo+Rt±Qtz,长英质麻粒岩的峰期矿物组合为：Grt+Kf+Ky+Pl+Qtz.峰期变质条件为T=800～925℃,P=1.4～1.85GPa,退变质阶段经历了角闪岩-绿片岩的改造,高压麻粒岩的变质时代为420～450Ma.北秦岭榴辉岩分布在官坡-双槐树一带,榴辉岩的峰期变质组合为Grt+Omp±Phe+Qtz+Rt,所计算的峰期温压条件为T=680～770℃和P=2.25～2.65GPa,年代学数据显示榴辉岩的变质时代为500Ma左右.北秦岭高压麻粒岩分布在含榴辉岩单元的南侧松树沟一带,包括高压基性麻粒岩和高压长英质麻粒岩,与超基性岩在空间上密切伴生,高压麻粒岩的峰期温压条件为T=850～925℃,P=1.45～1.80GPa,锆石U-Pb年代学研究显示其峰期变质时代为485～507Ma.以上三个实例显示,出现在同一造山带、在空间上伴生的高压麻粒岩和榴辉岩有各自不同的变质演化历史,但榴辉岩中的榴辉岩相变质时代和相邻的高压麻粒岩中的高压麻粒岩相变质作用时代相同或相近,这种成对出现的榴辉岩和高压麻粒岩代表了它们同时形成在造山带中不同的构造环境中,即榴辉岩的形成于大陆俯冲带中,而高压麻粒岩可能形成在俯冲带之上增厚的大陆地壳根部. 相似文献
8.
大别山北部榴辉岩和英云闪长质片麻岩锆石U-Pb年龄及多期变质增生 总被引：50，自引：3，他引：47
大别山北部榴辉岩及英云闪长质片麻岩的锆石U-Pb年龄分析表明：北部榴辉岩相峰期变质时代为226～230Ma左右;北部塔儿河一带英云闪长质片麻岩经历过印支期变质事件;大别山北部与南部超高压岩石中一致的（226～230Ma）高压或超高压变质年龄表明,北部镁铁-超镁铁质岩带中部分岩石也曾作为扬子俯冲陆壳的一部分,在印支期发生过高压或超高压变质作用;本区锆石发生过两期变质增生事件,一是印支期高压或超高压变质,另一期是燕山期热变质事件;榴辉岩及英云闪长质片麻岩的原岩形成时代为晚元古代;锆石U-Pb年龄可用多期变质增生模型来解释。 相似文献
9.
High‐pressure kyanite‐bearing felsic granulites in the Bashiwake area of the south Altyn Tagh (SAT) subduction–collision complex enclose mafic granulites and garnet peridotite‐hosted sapphirine‐bearing metabasites. The predominant felsic granulites are garnet + quartz + ternary feldspar (now perthite) rocks containing kyanite, plagioclase, biotite, rutile, spinel, corundum, and minor zircon and apatite. The quartz‐bearing mafic granulites contain a peak pressure assemblage of garnet + clinopyroxene + ternary feldspar (now mesoperthite) + quartz + rutile. The sapphirine‐bearing metabasites occur as mafic layers in garnet peridotite. Petrographical data suggest a peak assemblage of garnet + clinopyroxene + kyanite + rutile. Early kyanite is inferred from a symplectite of sapphirine + corundum + plagioclase ± spinel, interpreted to have formed during decompression. Garnet peridotite contains an assemblage of garnet + olivine + orthopyroxene + clinopyroxene. Thermobarometry indicates that all rock types experienced peak P–T conditions of 18.5–27.3 kbar and 870–1050 °C. A medium–high pressure granulite facies overprint (780–820 °C, 9.5–12 kbar) is defined by the formation of secondary clinopyroxene ± orthopyroxene + plagioclase at the expense of garnet and early clinopyroxene in the mafic granulites, as well as by growth of spinel and plagioclase at the expense of garnet and kyanite in the felsic granulite. SHRIMP II zircon U‐Pb geochronology yields ages of 493 ± 7 Ma (mean of 11) from the felsic granulite, 497 ± 11 Ma (mean of 11) from sapphirine‐bearing metabasite and 501 ± 16 Ma (mean of 10) from garnet peridotite. Rounded zircon morphology, cathodoluminescence (CL) sector zoning, and inclusions of peak metamorphic minerals indicate these ages reflect HP/HT metamorphism. Similar ages determined for eclogites from the western segment of the SAT suggest that the same continental subduction/collision event may be responsible for HP metamorphism in both areas. 相似文献
10.
The South Altyn orogen in West China contains ultra high pressure (UHP) terranes formed by ultra‐deep (>150–300 km) subduction of continental crust. Mafic granulites which together with ultramafic interlayers occur as blocks in massive felsic granulites in the Bashiwake UHP terrane, are mainly composed of garnet, clinopyroxene, plagioclase, amphibole, rutile/ilmenite, and quartz with or without kyanite and sapphirine. The kyanite/sapphirine‐bearing granulites are interpreted to have experienced decompression‐dominated evolution from eclogite facies conditions with peak pressures of 4–7 GPa to high pressure (HP)–ultra high temperature (UHT) granulite facies conditions and further to low pressure (LP)–UHT facies conditions based on petrographic observations, phase equilibria modelling, and thermobarometry. The HP–UHT granulite facies conditions are constrained to be 2.3–1.6 GPa/1,000–1,070°C based on the observed mineral assemblages of garnet+clinopyroxene+rutile+plagioclase+amphibole±quartz and measured mineral compositions including the core–rim increasing anorthite in plagioclase (XAn = 0.52–0.58), core–rim decreasing jadeite in clinopyroxene (XJd = 0.20–0.15), and TiO2 in amphibole (TiM2/2 = 0.14–0.18). The LP–UHT granulite facies conditions are identified from the symplectites of sapphirine+plagioclase+spinel, formed by the metastable reaction between garnet and kyanite at <0.6–0.7 GPa/940–1,030°C based on the calculated stability of the symplectite assemblages and sapphirine–spinel thermometer results. The common granulites without kyanite/sapphirine are identified to record a similar decompression evolution, including eclogite, HP–UHT granulite, and LP–UHT granulite facies conditions, and a subsequent isobaric cooling stage. The decompression under HP–UHT granulite facies is estimated to be from 2.3 to 1.3 GPa at ~1,040°C on the basis of textural records, anorthite content in plagioclase (XAn = 0.25–0.32), and grossular content in garnet (XGrs = 0.22–0.19). The further decompression to LP–UHT facies is defined to be >0.2–0.3 GPa based on the calculated stability for hematite‐bearing ilmenite. The isobaric cooling evolution is inferred mainly from the amphibole (TiM2/2 = 0.14–0.08) growth due to the crystallization of residual melts, consistent with a temperature decrease from >1,000°C to ~800°C at ~0.4 GPa. Zircon U–Pb dating for the two types of mafic granulite yields similar protolith and metamorphic ages of c. 900 Ma and c. 500 Ma respectively. However, the metamorphic age is interpreted to represent the HP–UHT granulite stage for the kyanite/sapphirine‐bearing granulites, but the isobaric cooling stage for the common granulites on the basis of phase equilibria modelling results. The two types of mafic granulite should share the same metamorphic evolution, but show contrasting features in petrography, details of metamorphic reactions in each stage, thermobarometric results, and also the meaning of zircon ages as a result of their different bulk‐rock compositions. Moreover, the UHT metamorphism in UHP terranes is revealed to represent the lower pressure overprinting over early UHP assemblages during the rapid exhumation of ultra‐deep subducted continental slabs, in contrast to the cause of traditional UHT metamorphism by voluminous heat addition from the mantle. 相似文献
11.
Olivine‐bearing symplectites in fractured garnet from eclogite,Moldanubian Zone (Bohemian Massif) – a short‐lived,granulite facies event 
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下载免费PDF全文 Recent petrological studies on high‐pressure (HP)–ultrahigh‐pressure (UHP) metamorphic rocks in the Moldanubian Zone, mainly utilizing compositional zoning and solid phase inclusions in garnet from a variety of lithologies, have established a prograde history involving subduction and subsequent granulite facies metamorphism during the Variscan Orogeny. Two temporally separate metamorphic events are developed rather than a single P–T loop for the HP–UHP metamorphism and amphibolite–granulite facies overprint in the Moldanubian Zone. Here further evidence is presented that the granulite facies metamorphism occurred after the HP–UHP rocks had been exhumed to different levels of the middle or upper crust. A medium‐temperature eclogite that is part of a series of tectonic blocks and lenses within migmatites contains a well‐preserved eclogite facies assemblage with omphacite and prograde zoned garnet. Omphacite is partly replaced by a symplectite of diopside + plagioclase + amphibole. Garnet and omphacite equilibria and pseudosection calculations indicate that the HP metamorphism occurred at relatively low temperature conditions of ~600 °C at 2.0–2.2 GPa. The striking feature of the rocks is the presence of garnet porphyroblasts with veins filled by a granulite facies assemblage of olivine, spinel and Ca‐rich plagioclase. These minerals occur as a symplectite forming symmetric zones, a central zone rich in olivine that is separated from the host garnet by two marginal zones consisting of plagioclase with small amounts of spinel. Mineral textures in the veins show that they were first filled mostly by calcic amphibole, which was later transformed into granulite facies assemblages. The olivine‐spinel equilibria and pseudosection calculations indicate temperatures of ~850–900 °C at pressure below 0.7 GPa. The preservation of eclogite facies assemblages implies that the granulite facies overprint was a short‐lived process. The new results point to a geodynamic model where HP–UHP rocks are exhumed to amphibolite facies conditions with subsequent granulite facies heating by mantle‐derived magma in the middle and upper crust. 相似文献
12.
Eclogites within exhumed continental collision zones indicate regional burial to depths of at least 60 km, and often more than 100 km in the coesite‐stable, ultra‐high pressure (UHP) eclogite facies. Garnet, omphacitic pyroxene, high‐Si mica, kyanite ± coesite should grow at the expense of low‐P minerals in most felsic compositions, if equilibrium obtained at these conditions. The quartzofeldspathic rocks that comprise the bulk of eclogite facies terranes, however, contain mainly amphibolite facies, plagioclase‐bearing assemblages. To what extent these lower‐P minerals persisted metastably during (U)HP metamorphism, or whether they grew afterwards, reflects closely upon crustal parameters such as density, strength and seismic character. The Nordfjord area in western Norway offers a detailed view into a large crustal section that was subducted into the eclogite facies. The degree of transformation in typical pelite, paragneiss, granitic and granodioritic gneiss was assessed by modelling the equilibrium assemblage, comparing it with existing parageneses in these rocks and using U/Th–Pb zircon geochronology from laser ablation ICPMS to establish the history of mineral growth. U–Pb dates define a period of zircon recrystallization and new growth accompanying burial and metamorphism lasting from 430 to 400 Ma. Eclogite facies mafic rock (~2 vol.% of crust) is the most transformed composition and records the ambient peak conditions. Rare garnet‐bearing pelitic rocks (<10 vol.% of crust) preserve a mostly prograde mineral evolution to near‐peak conditions; REE concentrations in zircon indicate that garnet was present after 425 Ma and feldspar broke down after 410 Ma. Felsic gneiss – by far the most abundant rock type – is dominated by quartz + biotite + feldspar, but minor zoisite/epidote, phengitic white mica, garnet and rutile point to a prograde HP overprint. Relict textures indicate that much of the microstructural framework of plagioclase, K‐feldspar, and perhaps biotite, persisted through at least 25 Ma of burial, and ultimately UHP metamorphism. The signature reaction of the eclogite facies in felsic rocks – jadeite/omphacite growth from plagioclase – cannot be deduced from the presence of pyroxene or its breakdown products. We conclude that prograde dehydration in orthogneiss leads to fluid absent conditions, impeding equilibration beyond ~high‐P amphibolite facies. 相似文献
13.
柴北缘绿梁山高压基性麻粒岩的变质演化历史：岩石学及锆石SHRIMP年代学证据 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
高压基性麻粒岩出露在柴北缘HP/UHP变质带的绿梁山地区,它主要呈透镜体状分布在石榴蓝晶(夕线)黑云片麻岩中。岩石学和矿物学数据显示高压基性麻粒岩经历了多阶段变质历史,早期可能经历了榴辉岩相变质作用(p>15kbar),以石榴子石中保留的少量绿辉石为特征;高压麻粒岩组合(Grt-Cpx-Pl-Qtz±Amp±Rt-Ilm)为退变质作用产物,其形成的变质条件为p=9.6~13.5kbar,T=730~870℃。晚期的变质反应以围绕石榴子石和后成合晶生成斜方辉石的为特征,形成的p-T条件为6.2~8.5kbar和720~860℃。高压基性麻粒岩中的锆石SHRIMP测定共获得两组年龄,分别为(448±3)Ma和(421±5)Ma。结合锆石阴极发光和矿物包体研究,前者代表高压麻粒岩阶段的变质年龄,后者代表晚期与斜方辉石形成有关的中低压麻粒岩阶段的变质年龄。这些年龄结果显示麻粒岩相变质作用持续了大约27Ma,这可能与早古生代祁连地块与柴达木地块碰撞作用所引起的地壳加厚和后来的热松驰有关。 相似文献
14.
"罗田穹隆"中的下地壳俯冲成因榴辉岩及其地质意义 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
在“罗田穹隆”中发现了下地壳俯冲成因榴辉岩．榴辉岩呈透镜状或板状产于含石榴子石条带状片麻岩中．新鲜的榴辉岩主要由石榴子石、绿辉石、金红石等组成．含少量退变质的角闪石、斜长石、紫苏辉石、透辉石、(钛)磁铁矿和石英等．研究区榴辉岩以保留早期麻粒岩相变质矿物残留体以及经受晚期麻粒岩相和角闪岩相退变为特征．指示它们由扬子镁铁质下地壳麻粒岩相岩石俯冲到深部发生变质并形成榴辉岩．然后折返至下地壳发生麻粒岩相退变，由于麻粒岩相退变质阶段仅以后成合晶形式出现．因而它们可能在下地壳停留时间不长．就又进一步被构造抬升至中上地壳而发生角闪岩相退变．大别山造山带乃至扬子板块北缘现今缺乏厚层镁铁质下地壳．它们也很少出露地表．推测这些俯冲的镁铁质下地壳可能已拆离再循环进人地幔．从而为“罗田穹隆”的形成和演化以及大别山高压-超高压岩石的形成与折返机制等研究提供了关键性的岩石学证据。 相似文献
15.
胶北地体多期变质事件的P-T-t轨迹及其对胶-辽-吉带形成与演化的制约 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
胶北地体位于华北克拉通东部陆块胶-辽-吉带南端,主要由闪长质-TTG-花岗质片麻岩、变质表壳岩系和变质镁铁-超镁铁质岩所组成。本文通过对胶北早前寒武纪变质岩系的岩石学、矿物化学、变质反应结构和序列、变质温度和压力估算与同位素年代学资料的综合研究和总结,得出以下重要结论:(1)与华北克拉通东部陆块其它地区太古宙变质基底类似,本区也存在~2500Ma区域性新太古代变质事件,且与本区2550~2500Ma岩浆作用在时间上非常接近,其变质作用发生的时间比岩浆作用要晚10~50Myr,指示本区~2500Ma区域性变质事件可能与大规模的幔源岩浆底侵作用存在密切的成因关系。(2)胶北还存在1950~1850Ma区域性古元古代变质事件,并导致了大量高压基性和泥质麻粒岩的形成,高压基性麻粒岩主要以不规则透镜体、变形岩墙群或岩脉群的形式赋存于闪长质-TTG-花岗质片麻岩之中,并集中分布在安丘-平度-莱西-莱阳-栖霞一带,大致沿北东-南西向断续带状分布,构成了一条长约300km的古元古代高压麻粒岩相变质带。(3)本区古元古代高压麻粒岩以记录近等温减压(ITD)及随后近等压降温(IBC)的顺时针P-T-t轨迹为特征,指示本区变质杂岩在古元古代晚期曾强烈地卷入了与俯冲-拼贴-碰撞造山有关的构造过程,并可能经历了如下复杂的构造演化:(I)在古元古代晚期2000~1950Ma,随着有限大洋地壳的持续俯冲作用,本区各类变质岩的原岩开始经历一次构造增厚事件,并导致了它们的原岩经历了早期绿片岩相-角闪岩相进变质作用;(II)1950~1870Ma,大洋地壳俯冲作用结束,本区开始发生弧-陆拼贴和陆-陆碰撞作用,大陆地壳持续缩短和加厚,在加厚下地壳或岛弧根部带约50km的深度,发生了区域性高压麻粒岩相变质作用,并导致了本区变基性岩和变泥质岩分别形成了石榴石+单斜辉石+斜长石±角闪石±石英±铁-钛氧化物和石榴石+蓝晶石+钾长石+斜长石+黑云母+石英+铁-钛氧化物+熔体的高压麻粒岩相矿物组合。(III)1870~1800Ma,在同碰撞峰期变质结束之后,本区造山作用进入了后碰撞构造折返-伸展演化阶段,先后经历了早期快速构造折返和晚期缓慢冷却降温两个构造热演化阶段。其中,在早期快速构造折返阶段,高压麻粒岩经历了峰后近等温或略微增温减压退变质作用的叠加,高压基性麻粒岩表现为沿石榴石边部形成了含斜方辉石的后成合晶。与此同时,早期快速构造折返阶段还伴随着热松弛和伸展作用,出现一系列的幔源基性岩浆活动,不仅导致了本区大量未经历高压麻粒岩相变质的变基性岩群的形成,同时也诱发了区内大规模的地壳深熔作用的发生。自温度高峰期之后,本区地壳岩石还经历了一个近等压冷却降温过程,并发生了区域性角闪岩相退变质作用,高压基性麻粒岩表现为石榴石和斜方辉石边部常出现含角闪石的退变边或后成合晶。最终,在1800Ma左右,本区含电气石花岗伟晶质岩脉的大量出现,则标志着胶北地体古元古代晚期(2000~1800Ma)俯冲-拼贴-碰撞造山作用的最终结束。 相似文献
16.
Z.-F. ZHAO Y.-F. ZHENG T.-S. GAO Y.-B. WU B. CHEN F.-K. CHEN F.-Y. WU 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2006,24(8):687-702
Fluid availability during high‐grade metamorphism is a critical factor in dictating petrological, geochemical and isotopic reequilibration between metamorphic minerals, with fluid‐absent metamorphism commonly resulting in neither zircon growth/recrystallization for U‐Pb dating nor Sm‐Nd isotopic resetting for isochron dating. While peak ultra‐high pressure (UHP) metamorphism is characterized by fluid immobility, high‐pressure (HP) eclogite‐facies recrystallization during exhumation is expected to take place in the presence of fluid. A multichronological study of UHP eclogite from the Sulu orogen of China indicates zircon growth at 216 ± 3 Ma as well as mineral Sm‐Nd and Rb‐Sr reequilibration at 216 ± 5 Ma, which are uniformly younger than UHP metamorphic ages of 231 ± 4 to 227 ± 2 Ma as dated by the SHRIMP U‐Pb method for coesite‐bearing domains of zircon. O isotope reequilibration was achieved between the Sm‐Nd and Rb‐Sr isochron minerals, but Hf isotopes were not homogenized between different grains of zircon. The HP eclogite‐facies recrystallization is also evident from petrography. Thus this process occurred during exhumation with fluid availability from decompression dehydration of hydrous minerals and the exsolution of hydroxyl from nominally anhydrous minerals. This provides significant amounts of internally derived fluid for extensive retrogression within the UHP metamorphosed slabs. Based on available experimental diffusion data, the consistent reequilibration of U‐Pb, Sm‐Nd, Rb‐Sr and O isotope systems in the eclogite minerals demonstrates that time‐scale for the HP eclogite‐facies recrystallization is c. 1.9–9.3 Myr or less. This provides a maximum estimate for duration of the fluid‐facilitated process in the HP eclogite‐facies regime during the exhumation of deeply subducted continental crust. 相似文献
17.
Eclogite origin and timings in the North Qinling terrane,and their bearing on the amalgamation of the South and North China Blocks 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
H. WANG Y.‐B. WU S. GAO X.‐C. LIU H.‐J. GONG Q.‐L. LI X.‐H. LI H.‐L. YUAN 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2011,29(9):1019-1031
The amalgamation of South (SCB) and North China Blocks (NCB) along the Qinling‐Dabie orogenic belt involved several stages of high pressure (HP)‐ultra high pressure (UHP) metamorphism. The new discovery of UHP metamorphic rocks in the North Qinling (NQ) terrane can provide valuable information on this process. However, no precise age for the UHP metamorphism in the NQ terrane has been documented yet, and thus hinders deciphering of the evolution of the whole Qinling‐Dabie‐Sulu orogenic belt. This article reports an integrated study of U–Pb age, trace element, mineral inclusion and Hf isotope composition of zircon from an eclogite, a quartz vein and a schist in the NQ terrane. The zircon cores in the eclogite are characterized by oscillatory zoning or weak zoning, high Th/U and 176Lu/177Hf ratios, pronounced Eu anomalies and steep heavy rare earth element (HREE) patterns. The zircon cores yield an age of 796 ± 13 Ma, which is taken as the protolith formation age of the eclogite, and implies that the NQ terrane may belong to the SCB before it collided with the NCB. The ?Hf(t) values vary from ?11.3 to 3.2 and corresponding two‐stage Hf model ages are 2402 to 1495 Ma, suggesting the protolith was derived from an enriched mantle. In contrast, the metamorphic zircon rims show no zoning or weak zoning, very low Th/U and 176Lu/177Hf ratios, insignificant Eu anomalies and flat HREE patterns. They contain inclusions of garnet, omphacite and phengite, suggesting that the metamorphic zircon formed under eclogite facies metamorphic conditions, and their weighted mean 206Pb/238U age of 485.9 ± 3.8 Ma was interpreted to date the timing of the eclogite facies metamorphism. Zircon in the quartz vein is characterized by perfect euhedral habit, some oscillatory zoning, low Th/U ratios and variable HREE contents. It yields a weighted mean U–Pb age of 480.5 ± 2.5 Ma, which registers the age of fluid activity during exhumation. Zircon in the schist is mostly detrital and U–Pb age peaks at c. 1950 to 1850, 1800 to 1600, 1560 to 1460 and 1400 to 1260 Ma with an oldest grain of 2517 Ma, also suggesting that the NQ terrane may have an affinity to the SCB. Accordingly, the amalgamation between the SCB and the NCB is a multistage process that spans c. 300 Myr, which includes: the formation of the Erlangping intra‐oceanic arc zone onto the NCB before c. 490 Ma, the c. 485 Ma crustal subduction and UHP metamorphism of the NQ terrane, the c. 430 Ma arc‐continent collision and granulite facies metamorphism, the 420 to 400 Ma extension and rifting in relation to the opening of the Palaeo‐Tethyan ocean, the c. 310 Ma HP eclogite facies metamorphism of oceanic crust and associated continental basement, and the final 250 to 220 Ma continental subduction and HP–UHP metamorphism. 相似文献
18.
Several types of multiphase solid (MS) inclusions are identified in garnet from ultrahigh‐pressure (UHP) eclogite in the Dabie orogen. The mineralogy of MS inclusions ranges from pure K‐feldspar to pure quartz, with predominance of intermediate types consisting of K‐feldspar + quartz ± silicate (plagioclase or epidote) ± barite. The typical MS inclusions are usually surrounded with radial cracks in the host garnet, similar to where garnet contains relict coesite. Barite aggregates display significant heterogeneity in major element composition, with total contents of only 57–73% and highly variable SiO2 contents of 0.32–25.85% that are positively correlated with BaO and SO3 contents. The occurrence of MS inclusions provides petrographic evidence for partial melting in the UHP metamorphic rock. The occurrence of barite aggregates with variably high SiO2 contents suggests the coexistence of aqueous fluid with hydrous melt under HP eclogite facies conditions. Thus, local dehydration melting is inferred to take place inside the UHP metamorphic slice during continental collision. This is ascribed to phengite breakdown during ‘hot’ exhumation of the deeply subducted continental crust. As a consequence, the aqueous fluid is internally buffered in chemical composition and its local sink is a basic trigger to the partial melting during the continental subduction‐zone metamorphism. 相似文献
19.
大别山北部超高压变质大理岩及其地质意义 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3
岩石学研究表明 ,大别山北部镁铁 超镁铁质岩带中白云质大理岩至少经历过三期变质阶段 :(1)榴辉岩相峰期变质阶段 ,矿物组合主要为方解石 +白云石 +金红石 +镁橄榄石 +钛 斜硅镁石 +富镁的钛铁矿±文石±石榴子石 ;(2 )麻粒岩相退变质阶段 ,矿物组合主要为方解石 +白云石 +金云母 +镁橄榄石 +透辉石 +钛铁矿 +尖晶石±斜方辉石等 ;(3)角闪岩相退变质阶段 ,主要矿物组合为方解石 +白云石 +磷灰石 +磁铁矿+榍石等。它的峰期变质矿物组合 ,类似于苏 鲁超高压大理岩 ,形成压力至少大于 2 .5GPa。这进一步证明 ,大别山北部大多数高级变质岩 (包括大理岩等 )都曾经过超高压变质作用 ,应属于印支期扬子俯冲陆壳的一部分。 相似文献
20.
K. Q. ZONG Z. M. ZHANG Z. Y. HE Z. C. HU M. SANTOSH Y. S. LIU W. WANG 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2012,30(8):753-768
The Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) is one of the largest accretionary collages in the world, and records a prolonged sequence of subduction‐accretion and collision processes. The Tarim Craton is located at the southernmost margin of the CAOB. In this study, the discovery of early Palaeozoic high‐pressure (HP) granulites from the Dunhuang block in the northeastern Tarim Craton is reported, and these rocks are characterized through detailed petrological and geochronological studies. The peak mineral assemblage of the HP mafic granulite is garnet + clinopyroxene + plagioclase + quartz + rutile, which is overprinted by amphibolite facies retrograde metamorphic assemblages. The calculated P–T conditions of the peak metamorphism are ～1.4–1.7 GPa and ～800 °C. The retrograde P–T conditions are ～0.7 GPa and ～700 °C. The metamorphic zircon grains from the HP mafic granulite show homogeneous CL‐images, low Th/U ratios and flat HREE patterns and yield a weighted mean 206Pb/238U age of 444 ± 5 Ma. The metamorphic zircon grains from the associated kyanite‐bearing garnet gneiss and garnet‐mica schist show a similar 206Pb/238U age of 429 ± 3 and 435 ± 4 Ma, respectively. The c. 440–430 Ma age is interpreted to mark the timing of HP granulite facies metamorphism in the Dunhuang block. The results from this study suggest that the Dunhuang block experienced continental subduction prior to the early Palaeozoic collisional orogeny between the northeastern Tarim Craton and the southern CAOB, and the Dunhuang area could be considered as the southward extension of the CAOB. It is suggested that the continental collision in the eastern part involving the Dunhuang block of the southern CAOB may have occurred c. 120 Ma earlier than in the western part involving the Tianshan orogen. 相似文献