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1.
早奥陶世和早志留世是北祁连加里东造山带构造演化和盆地转变的关键时期。在造山带东段景泰地区,下奥陶统阴沟组和下志留统肮脏沟组两套砂岩的微量元素和稀土元素特征显示,阴沟组杂砂岩样品（Cj1和Cj3）具有最小的Eu/Eu*及最大的Th/Sc和REE,肮脏沟组杂砂岩具有较小的Eu/Eu*和较大的Th/Sc及REE;阴沟组岩屑砂岩样品（Cj13、Cj15和Cj18）具有最大的Eu/Eu*及最小的Th/Sc、REE和La/Yb。多个物源、构造背景判别图解和多元素蛛网图分析表明,阴沟组杂砂岩样品具大陆边缘的构造背景,主要物源为大陆上地壳再旋回沉积物和长英质岩石;岩屑砂岩样品为岛弧构造背景,以中基性安山质岩石为主要物源,可能受陆源物质的微弱影响。肮脏沟组杂砂岩构造背景复杂,表现出大陆岛弧、活动陆缘和被动陆缘三种环境共存的特点,受中基性火山弧物质、长英质岩石和再旋回沉积岩的混合物源的影响。两套砂岩的元素特征表明二者可能具有相似的源区。阴沟组杂砂岩源区可能为阿拉善地块南缘海原群变沉积岩或其他相似的陆源再旋回沉积物,砂岩碎屑以来自初始火山弧物质为主,以石灰沟岛弧型中基性火山岩作为其源岩最合适。阴沟组形成于初始弧后盆地环境,是岛弧活动的直接记录。肮脏沟组可能的源岩为阿拉善地块南缘海原群变沉积岩和中高等成熟度的石灰沟岛弧型火山岩及海原群岛弧型变火山岩,沉积于弧后前陆盆地,对构造环境的反映存在滞后性。 相似文献
2.
The Precambrian greywacke of Ribandar‐Chimbel belonging to the Sanvordem Formation of the Goa Group, India, has been studied for petrography and analyzed for major trace elements. The greywacke is characterized by angular to sub‐round grains of quartz, feldspar, biotite, chlorite and clay minerals. The abundance of clay in the matrix seems to have influenced the Al2O3 content and the K2O/Al2O3 ratio. The variation diagrams indicate a decreasing trend of TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 and MgO; whereas Na2O and CaO exhibit a scatter which could be a result of the variable presence of feldspar within the sediments. The immobile elements, vanadium (25 to 144 ppm), nickel (up to 107 ppm) and chromium (up to 184 ppm), reflect abundance of clay minerals. The greywacke shows strongly fractionated REE patterns with LaN/YbN = 8 to 26 and with higher total REE abundances (up to 245 ppm). The low REE enrichment and depletion in heavier REE with prominent negative Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu*= 0.54 to 0.79) suggest a derivation of the greywacke from an old upper continental crust composed chiefly of felsic components. Petrological evidence and geochemical data suggest that the deposition of the greywacke largely took place in a deep to shallow basin that progressively changed from that of a continental island arc to an active continental setting. 相似文献
3.
松辽盆地白垩系泉头组碎屑沉积岩岩石地球化学特征及其地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
松辽盆地庆安地区白垩系泉头组碎屑沉积岩主要由砂岩、泥岩和粉砂岩类组成。通过对白垩系泉头组碎屑沉积岩岩石样品的岩石化学分析表明 :主元素化学分类结果主要为长石砂岩、页岩 ,少量岩屑砂岩和硬砂岩 ;稀土元素分布模式显示其明显富集轻稀土及Eu负异常 ,并与NASC和PAAS稀土分布模式相似 ;碎屑沉积岩与上地壳的微量元素含量比值曲线显示为平坦型 ,这说明沉积岩是在活动性较弱的构造背景下缓慢沉积 ,具有被动大陆边缘和活动大陆边缘沉积物的特点。松辽盆地庆安地区白垩系泉头组碎屑沉积岩物质来源于张广才岭海西期花岗岩 ,后者的物源来自于上地壳。 相似文献
4.
白云鄂博群黑色岩系微量元素地球化学特征及地质意义 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
白云鄂博群位于华北地台北缘,是一套中—新元古代裂谷沉积的产物。尖山组和比鲁特组是其中主要的黑色岩系。对以上两组中的碳质页岩和板岩的Au、Ag、As、Ba、Co、Cu、Hg、Mn、Mo、Ni、P、Pb、V、Zn、U、B、Sb等微量元素和稀土元素进行了较为详细的研究。通过元素含量特征、w(V)/w(V+Ni)、w(Zn)-w(Co)-w(Ni)三元图、稀土配分曲线、w(Ce)/w(La)、Ce和Eu异常、w(La)/w(Yb)-w(Ce)/w(La)和w(La)/w(Yb)-w(ΣREE)图解等方法对其沉积环境特征进行了探讨。微量元素含量分析显示白云鄂博群黑色岩系以富亲铜元素和亲石元素、贫亲铁元素为特征,其中富集Hg、B、As、Mn、Sb、Au、Ag、Pb、P、Ba、U、Mo等多种元素;较高的w(B)反映了黑色岩系沉积于盐度较高的水体中;高的w(V)/w(V+Ni)、w(Ce)/w(La)反映了黑色岩系形成于缺氧的沉积环境中;黑色岩系中Hg、Sb、Ba的富集和w(Zn)-w(Co)-w(Ni)图解中投点大部分靠近热水沉积区域指示了黑色岩系中有热水沉积物的参与;稀土元素配分模式、Ce和Eu异常及w(La)/w(Yb)-w(ΣREE)和w(La)/w(Yb)-w(Ce)/w(La)图解投点在两岩组中的不同特点表明尖山组沉积物以陆源沉积为主,有少量热水沉积物参与;而比鲁特组中热水沉积组分所占比例较大,形成时海水较深。 相似文献
5.
The mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of the Upper Triassic Baluti shale from the Northern Thrust Zone (Sararu section) and High Folded Zone (Sarki section) Kurdistan Region, Iraq, have been investigated to constrain their paleoweathering, provenance, tectonic setting, and depositional redox conditions. The clay mineral assemblages are dominated by kaolinite, illite, mixed layers illite/smectite at Sararu section, and illite > smectite with traces of kaolinite at Sarki. Illite, to be noted, is within the zone of diagenesis. The non-clay minerals are dominated by calcite with minor amounts of quartz and muscovite in Sararu shale; and are dominated by dolomite with amounts of calcite and quartz in Sarki shale. Baluti shale is classified as Al-rich based on major and minor elements. The chemical index of alteration (CIA) is significantly higher in the Sararu than the Sarki shales, suggesting more intense weathering of the Sararu than the Sarki shales. The index of compositional variability (ICV) of the Sararu shale is less than 1 (suggesting it is compositionally mature and was deposited in a tectonically quiescent setting). More than 1 for Sarki shales (suggest it is less mature and deposited in a tectonically active setting). Most shale of the Baluti plot parallel and along the A-K line in A-CN-K plots suggest intense chemical weathering (high CIA) without any clear-cut evidence of K-metasomatism. Clay mineral data, Al enrichment, CIA values, and A-CN-K plot suggest that the source area experienced high degree of chemical weathering under warm and humid conditions, especially in Sararu. Elemental ratios critical of provenance (La/Sc, Th/Sc, Th/Cr, Th/Co, Ce/Ce*PN, Eu/Eu*PN, and Eu/Eu*CN) shows slight difference between the Sararu and Sarki shales; and the ratios are similar to fine fractions derived from the weathering of mostly felsic rocks. The Eu/Eu* CN, Th/Sc, and low K2O/Al2O3 ratios of most shales suggest weathering from mostly a granodiorite source rather than a granite source, consistent with a source from old upper continental crust. Discrimination diagrams based on major and trace element content point to a role of the felsic-intermediate sources for the deposition of Baluti Formation, and probably mixed with mafic source rocks at Sararu section. The chondrite-normalized rare earth elements (REE) patterns are similar to those of PAAS, with light REE enrichment, a negative Eu anomaly, and almost flat heavy REE pattern similar to those of a source rock with felsic components. The source of sediments for the Baluti Formation was likely the Rutba Uplift and/or the plutonic-metamorphic complexes of the Arabian Shield located to the southwest of the basin; whereas the Sararu shale was affected by the mafic rocks of the Bitlis-Avroman-Bisitoun Ridge to the northeast of Arabian Plate. The tectonic discrimination diagrams, as well as critical trace and REE characteristic parameters imply rift and active setting for the depositional basin of the shale of Baluti Formation. The geochemical parameters such as U/Th, V/Cr, V/Sc, and Cu/Zn ratios indicate that these shales were deposited under oxic environment and also show that Sarki shale was deposited under more oxic environment than Sararu. 相似文献
6.
The ∼2.7 Ga Sandur Superterrane (SST), of the western Dharwar craton, is a collage of greenstone terranes having distinct lithotectonic associations; volcanic associations are prevalent. Fine-grained metasedimentary rocks, which are optimal for provenance studies, are sparse in greenstone terranes of this craton. However, extensive shale sequences are present in the eastern volcanic terrane (EVT) and the eastern felsic volcanic terrane (EFVT) of the SST. Within the EVT, the black shales are stratigraphically associated with black cherts, metabasalt and banded iron formation (BIF), and underlain by greywackes. Shales have compositions of tholeiitic basalt in terms of TiO2, Cr, Co, Ni, V, and Sc contents, and plot near the arc basalt endmember on the Th/Sc versus Sc mixing hyperbola. In contrast, Archean average upper continental crust of Taylor and McLennan [Taylor, S.R., McLennan, S.M., 1985. The Continental crust: Its Composition and Evolution. Blackwell, Oxford, 307p.; Taylor, S.R., McLennan, S.M., 1995. The geochemical evolution of the continental crust. Rev. Geophys.33, 241-265], plots mid-hyperbola indicative of bimodal arc magma provenance. Accordingly, the Sandur shales likely had a catchment in an oceanic arc or back-arc dominated by tholeiitic basalts. Specifically, Nb/Th ratios 1.5-2.5 in shales are close to those of Archean arc basalts (1-4), so a plateau or ocean island basalt source, where Nb/Th >8, can be ruled out. Compositionally, cherts are shale highly diluted by silica, with positive Eu anomalies, and are interpreted to be hydrothermal sediments precipitated from reduced fluids during periods of limited siliciclastic input. In the shales, variable SiO2 and Fe2O3 contents, depletions of MnO, MgO, and Na2O, and positive to negative Eu anomalies, but gains of K relative to arc basalt compositions, are interpreted as due to hydrothermal alteration. Greywackes underlying the shales have two compositions. Type I is similar to the shales, whereas Type II has fractionated REE with negative Eu anomalies consistent with a cratonic granitoid catchment [Manikyamba, C., Naqvi, S.M., Moeen, S., Gnaneswar Rao, T., Balaram, V., Ramesh, S.V., Reddy, G.L.N., 1997a. Geochemical heterogeneities of metagreywackes from the Sandur schist belt: implications for active plate margin processes. Precambrian Res. 84, 117-138]. Collectively, the results are in keeping with an intraoceanic arc outboard of a continental margin. During transgression the trench has a low energy shale facies with dominant arc contribution, but for regression high energy greywackes are deposited from a cratonic provenance. 相似文献
7.
8.
Six graywackes from the Archean greenstone belt in the Wind River of Wyoming and 11 graywackes and three shales from the Archean Fig Tree Group, South Africa, were analyzed for the rare earth elements (REE). There are real deviations beyond analytical uncertainty among sediments from the same formation. The absolute abundance of the REE (∑REE) is somewhat lower than that of the North American shale composite (NASC) which is representative of younger sedimentary rocks. Still, the results confirm previous suggestions that the RE pattern in Precambrian sediments is the same as the NASC but that, relative to the heavy REE, graywackes are slightly enriched in the light REE, shales are depleted, and there is a slight enrichment in Eu relative to the NASC. The average abundance of Eu relative to the other REE for all the Precambrian sediments is the same as that in chondritic meteorites. Attesting to the complexity of graywacke genesis, there is no correlation between the variations in the REE parameters and the variations in major or minor element concentrations. In particular, there is no obvious correlation between the excess Eu and Sr abundance. The total amount of REE, the ratio, and the Eu enrichment factor, however, all increase in the graywackes with the amount granite-gneiss detritus in the rocks. In general, the REE distributions in Archean graywackes and shales appear to be related to the relative amounts of clastic feldspar, mica, and minor phases which concentrate the REE. 相似文献
9.
Shale and greywacke compositions from the Archean to Phanerozoic record a secular change in the siliciclastic material that comprises much of Earth's continental margins, past and present. This study explores the metamorphic consequence of these compositional changes, by comparing phase equilibrium models constructed for average Archean, Proterozoic, and Phanerozoic shale and greywacke compositions equilibrated along two Barrovian-type geotherms: 1330℃/GPa(A) and 800 ℃/GPa(B). Our models show that Archean siliciclastic rocks can retain up to 4 vol.% water at middle to lower crustal conditions, nearly twice that of Proterozoic and Phanerozoic compositions. The increased ferromagnesium content of Archean siliciclastic rocks stabilizes chlorite to higher temperatures and results in a biotite-rich assemblage at solidus temperatures. Accordingly, water-absent biotite dehydration melting is predicted to play a greater role in the generation of melt in the metamorphism of Archean aged units,and water-absent muscovite dehydration melting is of increasing importance through the Proterozoic and Phanerozoic. This secular variation in predicted mineral assemblages demonstrates the care with which metamorphic facies diagrams should be applied to Archean compositions. Moreover, secular changes in the composition of shale and greywacke is reflected in the evolution of anatectic melt towards an increasingly less viscous, Ca-rich, and Mg-poor monzogranite. 相似文献
10.
海底热水活动与海相富有机质层形成的关系——以华北新元古界青白口系下马岭组为例 总被引：12，自引：2，他引：12
对华北新元古界青白口系下马岭组富有机质层段的常量元素、微量元素和有机质含量进行了系统分析，其基本特征是富有机质沉积层段的SiO2含量明显高于泥质岩中的含量，SiO2含量与TOC成正相关系，与TiO2含量成反比，Si／(Si Al Fe)比值与TOC成正相关关系；与海底热水流体活动有关的P、Cu、Zn、Co、Ni、V等元素含量明显富集，Ba／Sr比值远远大于1，且与TOC之间成正相关关系。在下马岭组剖面上，从Qb1x^3向上纹层～薄层状硅质岩夹层蹭多，有机质含量也开始急剧增高。地质地球化学特征表明，在下马岭组富有机质沉积层段形成时，盆地拉张沉降作用强烈，海底热水活动与之紧密相伴，而且海底热水流体活动是导致该富有机质沉积层段形成的主要原因。 相似文献
11.
We propose that the europium excess in Precambrian sedimentary rocks, relative to those of younger age is derived from volcanic rocks of ancient island arcs, which were the source materials for the sediments. Precambrian sedimentary rocks and present-day volcanic rocks of island arcs have similar REE patterns, total REE abundances and excess Eu, relative to the North American shale composite. The present upper crustal REE pattern, as exemplified by that of sediments, is depleted in Eu, relative to chondrites. This depletion is considered to be a consequence of development of a grandioritic upper crust by partial melting in the lower crust, which selectively retains europium. 相似文献
12.
《Journal of South American Earth Sciences》2007,24(4):271-289
The major and trace element characteristics of black shales from the Lower Cretaceous Paja Formation of Colombia are broadly comparable with those of the average upper continental crust. Among the exceptions are marked enrichments in V, Cr, and Ni. These enrichments are associated with high organic carbon contents. CaO and Na2O are strongly depleted, leading to high values for both the Chemical Index of Alteration (77–96) and the Plagioclase Index of Alteration (86–99), which indicates derivation from a stable, intensely weathered felsic source terrane. The REE abundances and patterns vary considerably but can be divided into three main groups according to their characteristics and stratigraphic position. Four samples from the lower part of the Paja Formation (Group 1) are characterized by LREE-enriched chondrite-normalized patterns (average LaN/YbN = 8.41) and significant negative Eu anomalies (average Eu/Eu1 = 0.63). A second group of five samples (Group 2), also from the lower part, have relatively flat REE patterns (average LaN/YbN = 1.84) and only slightly smaller Eu anomalies (average Eu/Eu1 = 0.69). Six samples from the middle and upper parts (Group 3) have highly fractionated patterns (average LaN/YbN = 15.35), resembling those of Group 1, and an identical average Eu/Eu1 of 0.63. The fractionated REE patterns and significant negative Eu anomalies in Groups 1 and 3 are consistent with derivation from an evolved felsic source. The flatter patterns of Group 2 shale and strongly concave MREE-depleted patterns in two additional shales likely were produced during diagenesis, rather than reflecting more mafic detrital inputs. An analysis of a single sandstone suggests diagenetic modification of the REE, because its REE pattern is identical to that of the upper continental crust except for the presence of a significant positive Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu1 = 1.15). Felsic provenance for all samples is suggested by the clustering on the Th/Sc–Zr/Sc and GdN/YbN–Eu/Eu1 diagrams. Averages of unmodified Groups 1 and 3 REE patterns compare well with cratonic sediments from the Roraima Formation in the Guyana Shield, suggesting derivation from a continental source of similar composition. In comparison with modern sediments, the geochemical parameters (K2O/Na2O, LaN/YbN, LaN/SmN, Eu/Eu1, La/Sc, La/Y, Ce/Sc) suggest the Paja Formation was deposited at a passive margin. The Paja shales thus represent highly mature sediments recycled from deeply weathered, older, sedimentary/metasedimentary rocks, possibly in the Guyana Shield, though Na-rich volcanic/granitic rocks may have contributed to some extent. 相似文献
13.
Abstract: Sensitive, high-resolution ion microprobe zircon U–Pb ages of Paleoproterozoic, high-grade, metasedimentary rocks from the south-western part of the Siberian Craton are reported. Early Precambrian, high-grade complexes, including garnet–biotite, hypersthene–biotite, and cordierite-bearing gneisses compose the Irkut terrane of the Sharyzhalgay Uplift. Protoliths of studied gneisses correspond to terrigenous sediments, ranging from greywacke to shale. The paragneiss model Nd ages of 2.4–3.1 Ga indicate Archean-to-Paleoproterozoic source provinces. Zircons from gneisses show core-rim textures in cathodoluminescence (CL) image. Round or irregular shaped cores indicate detrital origin. Structureless rims with low Th/U are metamorphic in origin. The three age groups of detrital cores are: ≥2.7, ~2.3, and 1.95–2 Ga. The ages of metamorphic rims range from 1.86 to 1.85 Ga; therefore, the sediments were deposited between 1.95 and 1.86 Ga and derived from Archean and Paleoproterozoic source rocks. It should be noted that Paleoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks of the Irkut Block are not unique. High-grade metaterrigenous sediments, with model Nd ages ranging from 2.3 to 2.5 Ga, are widely distributed within the Aldan and Anabar Shields of the Siberian Craton. The same situation is observed in the North China Craton, where metasedimentary rocks contain detrital igneous zircon grains with ages ranging from 3 to 2.1 Ga (Wan et al., 2006). All of these sedimentary units were subjected to Late Paleoproterozoic metamorphism. In the Siberian Craton, the Paleoproterozoic sedimentary deposits are possibly marked passive margins of the Early Precambrian crustal blocks, and their high-grade metamorphism was related to the consolidation of the Siberian Craton. 相似文献
14.
四川万州中侏罗统上沙溪庙组粘土岩中火山灰的岩矿和地球化学证据 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
四川盆地东北缘万州地区中侏罗世上沙溪庙组产出稳定层状浅色粘土岩。利用X射线、X荧光光谱、等离子光谱（ICP）等方法对矿物成分、常量、微量和稀土元素进行了测试分析,粘土岩主要矿物为蒙脱石、伊利石和绿泥石。通过与澳大利亚后太古代平均页岩（PAAS）、北美平均页岩（NASC）、地壳粘土岩背景值以及其它具有代表性岩石的对比发现,本区粘土岩微量元素具有明显的低V,低Ti和低铁族元素的特点,高Al2O3／TiO2比值和低Ti／Th比值特征显著,某些层位具有明显的Eu负异常。推断本区粘土岩沉积物源具有火山灰和陆源碎屑的二元混合成因,各层位成分的差异显示了不同沉积时间内二者的混合比例发生变化。区域对比和地球化学资料显示火山灰可能来自于西部600km远的特提斯洋岛弧火山。 相似文献
15.
桦甸盆地始新统油页岩稀土元素地球化学特征及其地质意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
稀土元素因其稳定的地球化学性质已经成为研究油页岩等细粒湖泊沉积物的物源、古环境、古气候等变化的良好指示剂,具有重要的研究意义。笔者测试并重点分析了桦甸盆地始新统桦甸组油页岩REE地球化学特征。分析结果表明：桦甸含油页岩段稀土元素含量要低于上下段泥岩和炭质页岩样品,油页岩稀土元素总量（∑REE）为（91.51～355.98）×10-6,平均值为162.56×10-6,高于全球平均大陆上地壳成分（UCC）,略低于北美页岩;∑LREE/∑HREE及(La/Yb)N等化学参数表明轻、重稀土元素分异明显,REE分布模式为明显的轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素亏损呈平坦状、具中等程度的负Eu异常和弱负Ce异常。以Ce异常值反映水介质的氧化还原性,桦甸油页岩形成于缺氧的还原环境;以REE的分异程度来表征油页岩的沉积速率,桦甸组自下而上(La/Yb)N值呈逐渐由增大→降低→增大的变化趋势,含油页岩段的沉积速率普遍比下段和上段低,与根据恢复压实后的桦甸组地层厚度和孢粉年龄估算得出的沉积速率结果相吻合,说明较低的沉积速率更有利于有机质的聚集和保存;以∑REE的纵向变化作为古气候波动的代用指标,高∑REE值指示暖湿的气候环境,低∑REE值指示冷干的气候环境。桦甸油页岩形成于干旱与温湿交替的气候环境,气候通过影响湖泊水体蒸发量与补给量的平衡而控制着湖平面的变化,从而控制了油页岩的层数和厚度。 相似文献
16.
A. N. Derkachev N. A. Nikolaeva A. V. Mozherovsky T. N. Grigor’eva E. D. Ivanova S. P. Pletnev N. N. Barinov V. M. Chubarov 《Russian Journal of Pacific Geology》2007,1(3):203-229
This paper reports specific mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of deposits from the local depressions of the Derugin Basin. They were formed in an environment with periodic changes from oxic to anoxic conditions and show evidence for the presence of hydrogen sulfide in bottom waters. The deposits of this type can be considered as a modern model for ancient ore-bearing black shale associations. Compared with typical metalliferous black shale sequences, which are characterized by high contents of organic matter, the sediments described here are depleted in the elements of the organophilic association (Mo, Ni, Cu, Zn, V, and U) but have higher Mn contents. 相似文献
17.
湖南下寒武统发育完整,湘西北和湘中地区主要发育一套从黑色岩系到碳酸盐岩的地层序列,湘南地区相变为一套以杂砂岩和炭质板岩不等厚韵律层为主的地层序列,整体构成一个完整的二级层序,可进一步划分为6个三级层序,对应6个有序的海进-海退沉积旋回,其中三级层序的沉积体系域受沉积古环境的影响由凝缩段(CS)+高位体系域(HST)和海进体系域(TST)+凝缩段(CS)+高位体系域(HST)两种垂向叠加形式组成,下寒武统的层序界面类型主要为Ⅱ型层序界面和淹没不整合型层序界面。在空间上,湘西北和湘中地区为由NW向SE的缓坡环境,随着沉积环境逐渐加深,下寒武统沉积厚度逐渐变薄,至湘南地区沉积厚度增厚,沉积深海相厚层杂砂岩夹板岩,其相序变化系统记录了湖南省早寒武世复杂的被动陆缘古地理环境演化和变迁,其演化和变迁也反映了古环境演化对成矿作用的制约。 相似文献
18.
滇黔北坳陷五峰组-龙马溪组下段页岩岩相与沉积环境 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
滇黔北坳陷为南方海相地层的有利研究区域,发育多套海相页岩。上奥陶统五峰组与下志留统龙马溪组地层,尤其是五峰组-龙马溪组下段页岩作为优质烃源岩而备受重视。通过岩芯观察、薄片鉴定、X衍射分析及微量元素地球化学指标判识,对其进行页岩岩相划分与沉积环境分析。结果显示:滇黔北坳陷五峰组-龙马溪组下段地层共划分出六种页岩岩相:硅质页岩、黏土质页岩、钙质页岩、黏土质硅质混合页岩、黏土质钙质混合页岩、钙质硅质混合页岩,其中硅质页岩和黏土质页岩的TOC含量明显高于其余四种岩相。V/（V+Ni）、V/Cr、Ni/Co和U/Th指标指示五峰组-龙马溪组下段总体处于低能、滞留、局限条件,与深水陆棚环境匹配,Mo元素含量与四川盆地均值相当。五峰早期与龙马溪早期海侵的发生形成了以深水陆棚占主导的沉积格局,低能、滞留、局限的厌氧环境与快速海侵是有机质富集与保存的重要条件。 相似文献
19.
A. V. Maslov V. P. Shevchenko V. N. Podkovyrov Yu. L. Ronkin O. P. Lepikhina A. N. Novigatsky A. S. Filippov N. V. Shevchenko 《Lithology and Mineral Resources》2014,49(6):433-460
The paper discusses results of the lithogeochemical examination of recent bottom sediments in the lower course of the Severnaya Dvina River and White Sea. It has been established that the average concentration of several trace elements (Hf, Sc, Co, Y, Ni, V, Cr, Zr, Ba, and others) therein correlates with the content of the silt-pelite fraction. Maximal concentrations of the majority of above elements are confined to the silty-clayey sediments at the Basin/Dvina Bay boundary. They localized near the coastal zone only for some clastophile (Zr, Cr, and others). Typical values of the hydrolyzate module, chemical index of alteration, and Al2O3/SiO2 ratio in the aleuropelitic and pelitic sediments of the Severnaya Dvina River delta, Dvina Bay, and the Dvina Bay Basin boundary suggest that these sediments are confined to sufficiently cold climate settings. Data points of sediment composition in discriminant paleotectonic diagrams are scattered over a large field probably due to high contents of the weakly weathered plagioclases, micas, and amphiboles, as well as the hydrogenic process promoting the accumulation of Fe and Mn. The PAAS-normalized spectra of rare earth elements (REE) in bottom sediments of the Pinega and Severnaya Dvina rivers, marginal filter of the latter river, Dvina Bay, and the Dvina Bay Basin boundary are similar to the REE distribution in clayey rocks of the ancient platform cover (except for a slight positive Eu anomaly). The REE systematics and distribution pattern of compositional data points of recent bottom sediments in the GdN/YbN-Eu/Eu* and Eu/Eu*-Cr/Th diagrams and values of several indicator ratios of trace elements suggest that the studied rocks were formed by the mixing of clastic materials from geochemically contrast provenances: northwestern provenance (Kola-Karelia geoblock), which is mostly composed of the Archean and Early Proterozoic crystalline complexes, and the southeastern provenance (northwestern periphery of the Mezen syncline), which is almost totally composed of Phanerozoic sedimentary rocks. The latter provenance likely played a crucial role in the geochemical signature of recent bottom sediments over a significant area of the White Sea. 相似文献
20.
Early Aptian black laminated organic mudstones, including the Selli Level, are recognized over large areas of Tethys and western European basins. This interval was investigated in a 75 m-thick continuously cored section of varicoloured shale in the lower Naskapi Member from the Panuke B-90 well in the Scotian Basin, offshore eastern Canada. This study complements the palaeogeographic range of correlatable Selli black shales and provides information on their relationship to sea-level change and palaeoclimate. Total organic carbon (TOC) was measured on 127 discrete samples, chemical environmental proxies (Th/K, Mn/Ti, K/Ti, Th/Ti, V/Ti) were measured with a portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) spectrometer, and colour parameters L*a*b* were measured by spectrophotometer. Several black shale levels are recognized and correlated with similar shales in Europe between the Barremian–Aptian boundary and the Selli Level. The Th/K ratio proxy for hinterland humid or arid climate conditions shows no systematic variation with black shale levels. Several sea-level lowstands are inferred from condensed sandy intervals with some brackish water biota and tidal sedimentary structures. Black shale intervals are found in highstand intervals, with no systematic relationship to inferred transgressions. The formation of black shales is related to palaeoceanographic changes that may be driven by conditions remote from the Scotian Basin. 相似文献