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1.
N.W. BOWER E.S. GLADNEY R.C. HAGAN P.E. TRUJILLO R.G. WARREN 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1985,9(2):199-203
Data on three Japanese geochemical reference samples (JR-1, JA-1, and JB-2) are presented. Ten major and thirty-five trace element concentrations were determined using x-ray fluorescence, instrumental thermal neutron activation, thermal neutron capture prompt gamma-ray spectrometry, delayed neutron assay, automated thermal neutron activation analysis, inductively coupled plasma emission, atomic absorption, and ion selective electrode. Good agreement between the various methods and with recent literature values were obtained using error weighted mean concentrations for the samples. 相似文献
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米纳毕戈塔斯地区（Mina Pirquitas）地处阿根廷西北部的安第斯山区,位于阿根廷西北部的新生代铜（金）及多金属成矿带内,是安第斯成矿带的组成部分。该区的岩性多样,火山岩、侵入岩发育,地质构造复杂,成矿地质条件优越,是阿根廷最主要的铜金等金属矿产资源的分布区。2010-2014年中国地质调查局与阿根廷地质调查局合作开展1：250 000地球化学示范研究,在米纳比戈塔斯地区采集了2470件水系沉积物和土壤样品,采样粒级为-10目~+60目,平均采样密度1.01个/4 km2。采用X射线荧光光谱法、等离子质谱法、原子荧光光谱法、发射光谱法、石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法和离子选择性电极法等分析了39种元素和氧化物,编制了单元素地球化学图和综合异常图,最终形成阿根廷北部米纳毕戈塔斯地区1：250 000地球化学集,包含有2 470件样品×39种元素（氧化物）的原始分析数据表格一个,地球化学图集一套（含有1张地质图、一张采样点位图和39张元素（氧化物）地球化学图）。新发现单元素地球化学异常487处,综合异常52处,并圈出了具进一步工作价值的找矿远景区。这些数据和图件对该区的找矿、基础地质研究和环境工程等具有重要参考利用价值。 相似文献
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核技术在东坪金矿勘查中的应用与研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
核技术用于金矿勘查的方法主要有Ｘ射线荧光法、γ能谱法、氡（射气）法、中子活化分析法等。本文论述了核技术勘查金矿的地质、地球化学依据、物理基础和方法技术。实践表明：以γ能谱方法（Ｋ，Ｋ／Ｔｈ为参数）可圈定与金矿化有关的钾化蚀变带；以Ｘ射线荧光法可确定含金矿脉的位置，原位划分金矿体边界；中子活化分析法（ＲＥＥ）可揭示深部盲矿体。 相似文献
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This review describes developments major and in trace element determination using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry that were reported in 2008 and 2009. Publication levels were comparable to those of previous years, except for XRF which showed an increase in the number of articles published in the past 2 years. In terms of number of publications and impact, the most active field was AAS, while INAA was the least active. As expected for well-established and mature methods, novel developments for all four analytical techniques were relatively sparse. For AAS, the most notable publications concerned developments in sample introduction, particularly focussing on solid samples, increasing analyte sensitivity, and higher sample throughput. For ICP-AES, publication of developments in sample introduction, remediation of matrix effects and calibration continues. Compared with past years, there was a clear focus on sample preconcentration methods, but very few publications reporting new hyphenated speciation methods. For INAA, there were several publications exploring the accuracy and robustness of the method, as well as the requirements for INAA to meet criteria for a primary method of measurement. Two other related techniques, delayed neutron activation analysis, and prompt gamma activation analysis, were also described. Hyphenated XRF techniques showed interesting developments in enabling XRF and XRD analysis on the same spot, and further work characterising and calibrating three-dimensional micro-XRF shows promising results for investigating sample heterogeneity. 相似文献
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Janet M. Hergt L. Paul Bédard Etienne Deloule Klaus Peter Jochum Kathryn L. Linge Paul J. Sylvester Matthias Willbold Jon D. Woodhead 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2006,30(3):141-142
In 2005 Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research embarked upon a new initiative for its readers. Key researchers in various fields of geoanalytical technique development and their application were identified and invited to provide reviews pertinent to their expertise. As noted in the first of these publications "…instead of revisiting the historical context or decades of development in each analytical technique, the goal here has been to capture a snapshot of "hot topics" across a range of fields as represented in the… literature" (Hergt et al . 2005). Rather than prepare an annual review, a decision was taken earlier this year to provide a biennial summary of progress and accomplishments, in this case for the years 2004–2005. The principal techniques employed in Earth and environmental sciences are covered here, and include laser ablation and multicollector ICP-MS, ICP-AES, thermal ionisation and secondary ion mass spectrometry, as well as neutron activation analysis, X-ray fluorescence and atomic absorption spectrometry. A comprehensive review of the development of reference materials, often essential to these techniques, is also provided. The contributions assembled serve both to keep readers informed of advances they may be unfamiliar with, but also as a means of showcasing examples of the breadth and depth of work being conducted in these fields. 相似文献
7.
Tiexin Gu Zhong Zhang Chunshu Wang Weidong Yan 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2001,25(1):153-158
Two types of gold deposit with both good homogeneity and a high-grade of gold were selected to prepare four gold ore reference materials (GAu-19,GAu-20,GAu-21 and GAu-22) by the Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration (IGGE),China.Seven laboratories participated in the certification programme. Volumetric methods for GAu19-21 and atomic absorption spectrometry for GAu-22 were used for the homogeneity testing,the coefficient of variation being found to be less than 3%.After sample digestion and preconcentration,the samples were analysed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS),colorimetry,neutron activation analysis (NAA)and volumetric analysis. The certified values for the gold concentration in GAu19-22 are 18.3 μg g -1, 32.3 μg g -1, 53.0 μg g -1 and 5.72 μg g -1,respectively. 相似文献
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Janet M. Hergt L. Paul Bédard Stefanie M. Brueckner Klaus Peter Jochum Kathryn L. Linge Paul J. Sylvester Michael Wiedenbeck Jon D. Woodhead 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2008,32(4):397-398
In 2005 the Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research editorial team, in the true spirit of scientific endeavour, embarked on an experiment of our own. We decided to trial a new kind of review, somewhat different from those more typically observed in journals, and one that would provide readers with a summary of analytical developments across a broad range of topics appropriate to the Earth sciences. The first contribution of this kind appeared in 2005, and reported on developments in 2003 (Hergt et al. 2005). The second, this time a biennial review, was published in 2006 and reported on highlights of the 2004 and 2005 literature (Hergt et al. 2006). Based on reprint requests, positive remarks at conferences and strong citations we consider the experiment a resounding success and proudly present here the third in this series. This comprises six individual review sections that cover the main analytical technologies and topical application fields in geoanalysis and geochemistry, including geological and environmental reference materials, ICP‐thermal and secondary ionisation‐mass spectrometry, as well as neutron activation analysis, X‐ray fluorescence and atomic absorption spectrometry. 相似文献
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Forty-four components in six bottles of BHVO-1 have been determined using wet chemical, atomic absorption, X-ray fluorescence, ion sensitive electrodes, and neutron activation techniques. No indications for systematic inhomogeneity were found, but the average ferrous iron contents of two bottles are lower than the averages of the other four. 相似文献
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L. Paul Bédard 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2006,30(3):183-186
These technologically mature techniques occupied a stable to modestly increasing sector of the spectrum of analytical methods in Earth and environmental sciences in 2004–5. Despite this, several notable advances were reported in this two year period. In the field of X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, these included the development of portable synchrotron and total reflection instruments, the use of pyroelectric crystals as X-ray generators, introduction of high-purity Ge detector arrays, and the development of an XRF imaging spectrometer with the capability of mapping analytes and X-ray intensity ratio. Atomic absorption s spectrometry saw major work published on high-resolution continuum source AAS (HR-CS AAS) involving the development of a xenon short-arc lamp. Other advances included the use of laser wave mixing in a graphite furnace tube (with a claimed detection limit of 10–16 g g-1 ), solid sampling and ultrasound in sample preparation. Neutron activation analysis saw two innovations that may herald future growth in this technique, namely a neutron source free of a nuclear reactor and a detector operating at room temperature. 相似文献
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Mercury Anomaly in the Okinawa Trough Sediments—An Indicator of Modern Seafloor Hydrothermal Activity 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The Okinawa Trough is located between the shelf-sea area of the East China Sea and the deep-sea area of western Pacific Ocean.
More than 60 chemical elements in the sediments from the shelf area of the East China Sea, the Okinawa Trough and western
Pacific Ocean were determined by advanced techniques including neutron activation analysis, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry,
atomic fluorescence spectrometry and atomic absorption spectrometry. Quantitative comparisons of the element abundances of
the sediments were made in terms of the enrichment coefficients (K) of the elements.K > 1.5 indicates enrichment (K = 1.5–2, weak enrichment; K = 2–4, strong enrichment) andK > 4, anomalous enrichment. The results show that the Okinawa Trough sediments are characterized by Hg anomaly and the enrichment
of such elements as Au, Ag, Se, Te, Sb, Cd, Mn, Mo, etc. Detailed studies show that the excess Hg comes from hydrothermal
solutions rather than from the continent, sea water, marine organisms, cosmic dust or volcanic rocks. Attributed to modern
hydrothermal activities on the sea floor, Hg anomaly can be used as a geochemical indicator of modern seafloor hydrothermal
activity.
This project was granted by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. 相似文献
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贵州中北部燃煤型砷中毒地区煤中砷的赋存状态研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
贵州中北部存在着高砷煤并引起环境和健康问题,对这些地区的煤进行了中子活化分析(INAA)、电子探针(EMPA)、能谱扫描电子显微镜(SEM-EDX)、低温灰化(LTA)、X射线衍射(XRD)、X光吸收精细结构(XAFS)和连续淋滤实验分析,综合研究了这些煤中砷的赋存状态。结果表明不同煤中砷具有不同的赋存状态。在部分样品中砷主要以无机砷的形式存在,而在其它样品中砷主要以有机砷的形式存在。除了黄铁矿和毒砂外,SEM-EDX结合LTA和XRD发现硫酸盐、粘土也不同程度含有砷。XAFS显示煤中的砷主要以As5+的形式存在。连续淋滤实验表明在样品ZJ-1中超过50%的砷不能被淋滤出来,而在另外两个样品(ZJ-8和RH-5B)中绝大部分的砷被淋滤出来。综合分析表明一些煤中以+5价存在的砷主要与有机质结合。煤中如此高的砷及其主要与有机质结合的现象是很罕见。 相似文献
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Kathryn L. Linge L. Paul Bédard Roxana Bugoi Jacinta Enzweiler Klaus Peter Jochum Rüdiger Kilian Jingao Liu Johanna Marin‐Carbonne Silke Merchel Frans Munnik Luiz F.G. Morales Claire Rollion‐Bard A. Kate Souders Paul J. Sylvester Ulrike Weis 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2017,41(4):493-562
This GGR biennial critical review covers developments and innovations in key analytical methods published since January 2014, relevant to the chemical, isotopic and crystallographic characterisation of geological and environmental materials. In nine selected analytical fields, publications considered to be of wide significance are summarised, background information is provided and their importance evaluated. In addition to instrumental technologies, this review also presents a summary of new developments in the preparation and characterisation of rock, microanalytical and isotopic reference materials, including a précis of recent changes and revisions to ISO guidelines for reference material characterisation and reporting. Selected reports are provided of isotope ratio determinations by both solution nebulisation MC‐ICP‐MS and laser ablation‐ICP‐MS, as well as of radioactive isotope geochronology by LA‐ICP‐MS. Most of the analytical techniques elaborated continue to provide new applications for geochemical analysis; however, it is noted that instrumental neutron activation analysis has become less popular in recent years, mostly due to the reduced availability of nuclear reactors to act as a neutron source. Many of the newer applications reported here provide analysis at increasingly finer resolution. Examples include atom probe tomography, a very sensitive method providing atomic scale information, nanoscale SIMS, for isotopic imaging of geological and biological samples, and micro‐XRF, which has a spatial resolution many orders of magnitude smaller than conventional XRF. 相似文献
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Roy W. Brown 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1977,41(3):435-438
A technique has been devised for major element whole rock analysis using the electron microprobe. Rock powders are fused on a strip heater using a low voltage, high amperage source and quenched to form a glass bead in a container pressurized with argon. Sample weights of 20 mg to ~ 300 μg with run times of 20–60 sec produce sufficient material for analysis. Analyses of the fused samples compare favorably with those achieved by X-ray fluorescence and neutron activation for major elements in a wide range of silicate rock compositions. Analytical errors for major element concentrations are generally 5% or less. Alkali losses for Rb are ~10% at the 20 ppm level as determined by isotope dilution mass spectrometry. Sodium determinations compare favorably with those obtained by neutron activation analysis. 相似文献
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Maria Fernanda Gazulla Maria Pilar Gomez Antonio Barba Monica Orduña 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2004,28(2):203-212
A wide range of natural raw materials is used in the manufacture of traditional ceramic products such as ceramic tiles, frits, glazes and pigments. The chemical composition of these raw materials needs to be strictly controlled to assure end-product quality and enable the identification of the origin of defects caused by impurities or contamination. Six types of ceramic raw materials (silica sand, clays and kaolin, feldspars and related minerals, calcium and magnesium carbonates, sodium and calcium borates, and zirconium silicates) have been analysed in this study. X-ray fluorescence (XRF), potentiometry, coulometry and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) were used in this chemical characterisation. A methodology has been established for characterising each studied raw material, by identifying the chemical elements to be determined, selecting the most appropriate technique and validating each measurement. The reference materials used for validation were BCS CRM 267, 313/1, 393 and 388 (BAS), GBW 03103, GBW 07404, NIST SRM 181, 201a and 1835, Euronorm CRM 782-1 and Syenite SY-2. The results showed that most of the elements present in the geological samples used as traditional ceramic raw materials could be determined by XRF. The determination of light elements, such as lithium, fluorine and boron, is more suitably conducted by ICP-AES/AAS, potentiometry or potentiometry/ICP-AES respectively. Organic and inorganic carbon could be determined by coulometry. Inorganic carbon (CO2 ) could also be determined by coulometry or by thermogravimetry, if samples did not contain clay minerals. Loss on ignition was always determined by gravimetry. 相似文献
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Ernest S. GLADNEY Sammy R. GARCIA Janet S. NEWLIN 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1986,10(1):77-80
An automated multidetector system for instrumental thermal neutron activation of geological and environmental materials was used for the measurement of up to 34 elements in six National Bureau of Standards Standard Reference Material coal samples. Good agreement was achieved with NBS certified and literature consensus values. 相似文献
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Determination of Rare Earth Elements in Geological Reference Materials: A Comparative Study by INAA and ICP-MS 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Fung Dai Kin M. Isabel Prudêncio M. Ângela Gouveia Erik Magnusson 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1999,23(1):47-58
Data was obtained for the rare earth elements (REE) by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in twenty geological reference materials. In general, the precision obtained by ICP-MS is better for the light REE, decreasing with increasing atomic number. This is partly a result of the occurrence of the heavy REE at low concentrations. The precision of the data obtained by INAA is good (5% RSD). The data obtained also showed that for the elements determined by both methods, the accuracy is similar for the light REE and better for the middle and heavy REEs by INAA. Higher uncertainty is achieved by ICP-MS mainly for elements at very low concentrations, occurring at about ten times the chondritic values. 相似文献