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1.
The Jiayin area along the Heilongjiang River in Northeast China has attracted stratigraphic and sediment-ological interests recently because the Cretaceous－Tertiary (K/T) boundary should be located in this non-marine succession. Dinosaur remains disappear suddenly at the upper part of the Maastrichtian, whereas plants gradually evolved throughout the succession. Analysis of sedimentary facies has been carried out and paleo-environments through Upper Cretaceous to lower Paleocene sections are reconstructed. Fluvial to lacustrine sedimentary environments are inferred from the facies. Several debris flow events have been identified, and it is in these deposits that the dinosaur fossils are concentrated. 相似文献
2.
According to the characteristics of sedimentary facies and their vertical associations, sequence association of sedimentary facies can be divided into 2 types and 28 subtypes. The first type (type A) is a sedimentary sequence without volcanic rocks, including 18 subtypes. The second type (type B) is a volcanogenic succession including 10 subtypes.Each subtype may reflect certain filling condition under certain sedimentary environment. Time and space distribution of different types of sequence associations can reflect tectonics that controlled the basin evolution, sedimentary environments and palaeogeography. 相似文献
3.
TANGHua-feng CHENGRi-hui KONGQing-ying BAIYun-feng YUMing-feng 《东北亚地学研究》2004,7(2):120-124
According to the characteristics of sedimentary facies and their vertical associations, sequence association of sedimentary facies can be divided into 2 types and 28 subtypes. The first type (type A) is a sedimentary sequence without volcanic rocks, including 18 subtypes. The second type (type B) is a volcanogenic succession including 10 subtypes. Each subtype may reflect certain filling condition under certain sedimentary environment. Time and space distribution of different types of sequence associations can reflect tectonics that controlled the basin evolution, sedimentary environments and palaeogeography. 相似文献
4.
To decipher the sedimentary evolution and environmental changes since the late Last Deglaciation, two gravity cores were analyzed from the western North Yellow Sea (NYS). The two cores (B-L44 and B-U35) were sampled for grain size, clay minerals, detrital minerals, and 14C dating. They are comparable in lithofaies, and the observed succession was divided into four depositional units based on lithology and mineral assemblages, which recorded the postglacial transgression. Depositional unit 4 (DU 4) (before 11.5 ka) was characterized with enrichment in sand, and was interpreted as nearshore deposits in shallow water during the Younger Dryas Event. DU 3 (11.5-9.6 ka) displayed a fining-upward succession composed of sediments from local rivers, such as the Huanghe (Yellow) River, and from coastal erosion, which clearly were related to the Early Holocene transgression. Stable muddy deposition (DU 2) in NYS began to form at about 9.6 ka, which received direct supply of fine materials from the Shandong subaqueous clinoform. It is believed that the Yellow Sea circulation system played a major role in controlling the formation of fine sediment deposition in DU 1 (after 6.4 ka) after the sea level maximum. 相似文献
5.
华北克拉通南缘中元古代早期发育陆源碎屑-碳酸盐岩沉积,豫西地区兵马沟组作为其早期陆源碎屑充填沉积,对于探讨中元古代早期华北克拉通南缘沉积环境演化有重要意义。在野外地质剖面实测基础上,结合岩性及粒度特征划分沉积相,探讨渑池地区兵马沟组沉积环境演化,为华北克拉通南缘中元古代早期沉积环境演化提供约束。豫西渑池地区兵马沟组剖面自下而上主要岩性为含砾砂岩-粉砂岩、泥岩-含砾砂岩,垂向上沉积物粒度特征具粗-细-粗的变化,概率累计曲线揭示其水动力条件先减小后变大,兵马沟组下段为河控三角洲的三角洲平原-三角洲前缘-前三角洲-三角洲前缘亚相,上段为滨海相的临滨-前滨亚相,其代表华北克拉通南缘构造活跃期-稳定盖层沉积期之间初期海进-海退旋回;中元古代早期,华北克拉通南缘表现为北东高南西低的古地形特征,兵马沟组是该时期熊耳群或华北克拉通古老基底遭受快速剥蚀的产物;对比不同地区的兵马沟组沉积特征,其在区域上的沉积差异可能是沉积时间及古地形差异性造成的。渑池地区兵马沟组在该时期仍受华北克拉通熊耳裂谷活动的影响,兵马沟组记录了裂谷盆地充填早期的演化过程,对研究华北克拉通南缘中元古代早期大地构造演化具有重要意义。 相似文献
6.
基本层序是一段地层沉积特征的客观表现 ,可根据实际观察到的单层叠覆规律和界面特征来划分 ,不受其成因或环境解释的影响 ,根据其控制因素可分为旋回性基本层序 (包括自旋回性基本层序和他旋回性基本层序 )和非旋回性基本层序。野外应注重其顶底界面的识别。其垂向叠覆具有规律性变化特点 ,在层序发展不同阶段 ,基本层序的叠覆规律亦相应变化。基本层序不具级别意义 ,其规模受所描述的地层所控制。米级旋回的研究范围仅限于他旋回性基本层序发育的地层 ,两者为两套地层单位系统 (岩石地层单位和旋回地层单位 )的基本单元 ,不能等同视之。 相似文献
7.
LIN Chun-ying LI Xi-lai ZHANG Jing SUN Hua-fang ZHANG Juan HAN Hui-bang WANG Qi-hua MA Cheng-biao LI Cheng-yi ZHANG Yu-xing MA Xue-qian 《山地科学学报》2021,(3):694-705
Wetland is an important carbon pool,and the degradation of wetlands causes the loss of organic carbon and total nitrogen.This study aims to explore how wetland degradation succession affects soil organic carbon(SOC)and total nitrogen(TN)contents in alpine wetland.A field survey of 180 soilsampling profiles was conducted in an alpine wetland that has been classified into three degradation succession stages.The SOC and TN contents of soil layers from 0 to 200 cm depth were studied,including their distribution characteristics and the relationship between microtopography.The results showed that SOC and TN of different degradation succession gradients followed the ranked order of Non Degradation(ND)>Light Degradation(LD)>Heavy Degradation(HD).SWC was positively correlated with SOC and TN(p<0.05).As the degree of degradation succession worsened,SOC and TN became more sensitive to the SWC.Microtopography was closely related to the degree of wetland degradation succession,SWC,SOC and TN,especially in the topsoil(0-30 cm).This result showed that SWC was an important indicator of SOC/TN in alpine wetland.It is highly recommended to strengthen water injection into the wetland as a means of effective restoration to reverse alpine meadow back to marsh alpine wetland. 相似文献
8.
The paper describes the sedimentary features and biostratigraphy of the transitional Jurassic to Cretaceous deposits in the continental basins of Priamurie formed after the collision between the Siberian and North China blocks. In Upper Priamurie, the collision occurred in the late Early Jurassic as dated by the emplacement of the post-collisional granites (191Ma) . While in Lower Priamurie and West Priokhotie it could take place in the late Middle Jurassic on the basis of fossil evidence from an accretionary turbidite complex. This event reflected the environmental change from coastal-marine to alluvial plains, often boggy, where coals accumulated. The environmental change is in harmony with that of biota. Systematic study of floral and spores/pollen assemblages, particularly in the sections of interbedded marine and non-marine deposits, makes clear the chronostratigraphic succession of floral associations and shows the possibility of their application for subdivision and correlation of the continental deposits of Priamurie. The coastal-marine environment of the residual post-collisional sublatitudinal basins in the western part of Priamurie (Upper Amur and Dep basins) was replaced by the continental in the late Middle Jurassic and in the eastern part in the Berriasian-Valanginian ( Torom Basin) . Similar environmental change commenced in the submeridional rift basins: the Bureya Basin in the Callovian and the Partizansk Basin in the Hauterivian. Changes in ecosystems occurred frequently during theMiddle Jurassic-Neocomian, but the most substantial changes took place in the late Middle Jurassic and in the end of Late Jurassic. 相似文献
9.
Succession Features and Dynamic Simulation of Subalpine Forest in the Gongga Mountain, China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
CHENGGenwei LUOJi 《山地科学学报》2004,1(1):29-37
The Gongga Mountain of eastern Tibet Plateau is a representative of the alpine regions with high peaks and deep valleys. Climate change over the last thousand years has controlled the dynamics of glacier and debris flow occurrence, which resulted in substantial changes in the mountainous environment. The authors surveyed the community structure of primary forests in Gongga Mountain and forest successign processes in woodland plots. The changing features in the subalpine environment are discussed in this paper. Tree species and sizes between the glacier shrinking areas and debris flow fans in Hailuogou Valley are compared. The pioneer species that settle in debris flow fans and the glacier shrinking areas are Salix spp. and Populus purdomii. Abies fabri and Picea brachytyla are the climax tree species. The succession process of primary vegetation in Hailuogou (2700 ～ 3200 m) can be divided into four stages: 相似文献
10.
沉积环境分析是古地理重建的核心内容,黔北地区寒武系明心寺组沉积环境研究存在较大争议,以致对中上扬子地区明心寺组沉积期古地理格局的认识不能统一。选取寒武系明心寺组发育齐全、出露良好的黔北镇远地区三丘田剖面为研究对象,通过野外剖面观察、室内薄片鉴定及碎屑岩粒度分析等方法对三丘田剖面明心寺组岩石学特征、沉积构造、沉积演化序列、沉积相类型进行了详细分析。结果表明:黔北镇远地区三丘田剖面寒武系明心寺组上段发育大套的石英粉-细砂岩,沉积构造以低角度冲洗交错层理为主,碎屑颗粒的成分和结构成熟度均较高;三丘田剖面明心寺组上段砂岩以双次跳跃组分为主,悬浮组分含量较少,纵向剖面自下而上显示为浅水陆棚→临滨→前滨→后滨演化序列,呈典型的陆棚相向滨岸相变化。综上所述,黔北镇远地区三丘田剖面寒武系明心寺组上段的沉积相为滨岸相。黔北镇远地区明心寺组滨岸相沉积的出现,指示了黔北地区区域上重新认识明心寺组沉积相的必要性,将直接影响对黔北地区乃至中上扬子地区寒武纪古地理格局及其大地构造背景的认识。 相似文献
11.
北天山东段康古尔塔格带是晚古生代塔里木板块和准噶尔板块碰撞的结果。它是一条复杂的、强烈的高应变带．并具有独特的变形机制、应变序列以及构造变形。本文运用构造－地层研究方法对该碰撞带的构造特征加以分析和研究。 相似文献
12.
地理信息系统所产生的问题,很大程度上受数据类型设计与数据表现方法的影响,由3类数据：状态、事件与证据组成的时态地理信息系统,对这种影响更为明显。已有的时空数据模型只描述状态（如快照序列模型）或只描述事件（如基于事件的时空数据模型）,难以表达状态与事件间的因果关系。本文提出的基于Petri网的时空数据模型。能显式存储状态、事件以及状态与事件间的因果关系,其中Petri网的库所表达状态、变迁表达事件及有向弧表达状态与事件间的关系。最后用该模型对土地划拨中的变化进行了描述,表明能便于对事件和状态的查询,及对事件之间、状态之间以及事件与状态之间的时态关系的查询。 相似文献
13.
Wanze Zhu Xiaohu Cai Xingliang Liu Jinxi Wang Song Cheng Xiuyan Zhang Dengyu Li Maihe Li 《山地科学学报》2010,7(4):327-338
Little is known about whether soil microbial population dynamics are correlated with forest succession.To test the hypotheses that(1) soil microbial composition changes over successional stages,and(2) soil microbial diversity is positively correlated with plant species diversity,we determined the soil microbial populations,community composition,and microflora diversity in evergreen broad-leaved forests along a chronosequence of vegetation succession from 5 to 300 years in southwestern China.The soil microbi... 相似文献
14.
Long-term analyses of vegetation succession after catastrophic events are of high interest for an improved understanding of succession dynamics. However, in many studies such analyses were restricted to plot-based measurements. Contrarily, spatially continuous observations of succession dynamics over extended areas and time-periods are sparse. Here, we applied a change vector analysis (CVA) to investigate vegetation succession dynamics at Mount St. Helens after the great volcanic eruption in 1980 using Landsat. We additionally applied a supervised random forest classification using Sentinel-2 data to map the currently prevailing vegetation types. Change vector analysis was performed with the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and the urban index (UI) for three subsequent decades after the eruption as well as for the whole observation time between 1984 and 2016. The influence of topography on the current vegetation distribution was examined by comparing altitude, slope angles and aspect values of vegetation classes derived by the random forest classification. Wilcox- Rank-Sum test was applied to test for significant differences between topographic properties of the vegetation classes inside and outside of the areas affected by the eruption. For the full time period, a total area of 516 km2 was identified as re-vegetated, whereas the area and magnitude of re-growing vegetation decreased during the three decades and migrated closer to the volcanic crater. Vegetation losses were mainly observed in regions unaffected by the eruption and related mostly to timber harvesting. The vegetation type classification reached a high overall accuracy of approximately 90%. 36 years after the eruption, coniferous and deciduous trees have established at formerly devastated areas dominating with a proportion of 66%, whereas shrubs are more abundant in riparian zones. Sparse vegetation dominates at regions very close to the crater. Elevation was found to have a great influence on the reestablishment and distribution of the vegetation classes within the devastated areas showing in almost all cases significant differences in altitude distribution. Slope was less important for the different classes - only representing significantly higher values for meadows, whereas aspect seems to have no notable influence on the reestablishment of vegetation at Mount St. Helens. We conclude that major vegetation succession dynamics after catastrophic events can be assessed and characterized over large areas from freely available remote sensing data and hence contribute to an improved understanding of succession dynamics. 相似文献
15.
广西高龙鸡公岩金矿床是广西地矿局在"八五"期间勘查并开发的第一个中型微细粒型金矿.矿体产于中三叠统百逢组地层第三段(T2b3)硅化砂泥岩中,直接受二叠系碳酸盐隆起边缘古侵蚀间沉积断面控制,应属于层控微细粒型金矿床. 相似文献
16.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2021,(3)
Bacteria are important regulators of carbon cycling in lakes and are central to sediment ecosystem processes. However, the sediment microbial communities and their respiratory responses to the lake wetland succession are poorly understood. In this study, we collected sediment samples from four different succession points(the Potamogeton lucens zone, the Scirpus tabernaemontani zone, the Scirpus triqueter zone, and the Juncus effusus zone) in the Caohai Wetland of the Guizhou Plateau(China). The bacterial communities at these succession points were studied using a high-throughput sequencing approach. The sediment microbial respiration(SR) was measured using static chambers in the field and basal respiration(BR) was determined in the laboratory. The results show that the dominant bacterial taxa in the sediment was Proteobacteria(34.7%), Chloroflexi(17.8%), Bacteroidetes(7.3%), Acidobacteria(6.6%), and Cyanobacteria(6.1%). Principal coordinate analysis showed that the microbial community structure differs significantly at different sampling points along the successional gradient, indicating that the bacterial community structure is sensitive to the lake wetland succession. Different hydrological regimes and soil characteristics such as NH_4~+-N, Fe~(2+), Mn~(2+), and sediment organic carbon(SOC) content may be important factors responsible for the differences in the sediment microbial characteristics of the different successional stages in the Caohai wetland. Additionally, it was found that the SR increased significantly from the P. lucens zone to the J. effusus zone, but BR had the opposite response. The shifts in the bacterial community structure along the successional gradient may be the main reason for the observed differences in sediment respiration. 相似文献
17.
New terrestrial habitats have emerged and a primary succession has developed in the retreat area(29°34'N, 102°00'E, 2951–2886 m) after the retreat of the Hailuogou glacier. To investigate soil microbial changes along the primary successional chronosequence, mixed soil samples were collected at six sites at different ages(2 young sites, 2 mid-aged sites, and 2 old sites). The RNA was extracted and amplified. Bacterial 16 S r RNA and fungal 18 S r RNA were analyzed using high-throughput 454 pyrosequencing analysis. Overall, pyrosequencing showed that Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria were the main bacterial phyla, and the fungal communities were strongly dominated by the phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota in the retreat area. The Shannon diversity index(Hshannon) of bacteria was 6.5 – 7.9, and that of fungi was 2.2 – 4.1 in these sites. For the bacterial communities, diversity and evenness values were highest on the mid-age sites and wererelatively low on the young and old sites. A similar trend was observed for the fungal communities. In contrast, soil properties showed significant linear distributional trends(increase or decrease) with the age of the site. Combining the linear change patterns of soil properties, the highest values of bacterial and fungal evenness and diversity in the mid-aged sites indicated that there was less environmental stress and more niches for microbial communities in the middle successional stage compare with other stages. In addition, our analysis showed that microbial communities were the main drivers that build a soil organic matter pool to expedite pedogenesis for ecosystem succession. This primary succession in the Hailuogou glacier retreat area is developing rapidly compared with that in other glacier retreats. 相似文献
18.
Characteristics of Algal Succession Following Rock Scraping at Imwon Area in the East Coast of Korea
《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2016,(6)
This study was conducted to clarify the characteristics of algal succession following rock scraping using hoe or high-pressure water sprayer in the period from June 2010 to April 2011. We divided the research area off the eastern coast of Korean near Imwon into 3 categories depending upon the severity of the barren ground, i.e., the urchin barren-affected, urchin barren-ongoing and urchin barren-free areas. In April 2011, in the urchin barren-affected area with 25 seaweed species, the cover percentage and importance value(IV) of crustose coralline algae were higher than those of other species. In the urchin barren-ongoing area with 33 seaweed species, crustose coralline algae(mean IV = 62%) as well as Sargassum sp.(mean IV = 28%), and Gelidium amansii(mean IV = 19%) were observed following rock scraping. In the urchin barren-free area where seaweed communities were relatively abundant with 42 species, a variety of algal species including G. amansii(mean IV = 32%) underwent algal succession. Overall, it was observed that, as an aspect of algal succession, the weaker the barren ground severity was, the more frequent and diverse the seaweeds were, and the more complex the succession pattern was in the study. As an aspect of recovering algal community, rock scraping using hoe was shown to be superior to the method using high-pressure water spraying. Therefore, we conclude that rock scraping using hoe is a very effective strategy for recovering the algal community in urchin barren-ongoing area. 相似文献
19.
鄂尔多斯盆地中部上古生界沉积相演化 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8
张晓莉 《地球科学与环境学报》2005,27(3):26-29,37
利用钻井资料和地质资料对鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界沉积相演化进行详细的研究。分析了本溪期（海侵）、太原期（海侵扩大）、山西期（海退）、石盒子期（海陆交互）和石千峰期（陆缘湖泊）等5个时期的古地理环境、岩石类型、沉积相类型和平面展布特征。得出这5个时期在盆地内构成了一个海侵海退旋回，形成了从滨浅海相到海陆过渡的三角洲相、河流湖泊相陆源沉积。控制生成了三角洲相分流河道砂砾岩、水下分流河道砂砾岩以及潮坪相砂坝等有利储集岩带，潮坪相发育的煤系地层为烃源岩。上石盒子组洪泛平原形成泥质岩盖层。生油岩和储集岩叠置或互侧式组合关系，形成本区受砂体分布控制的岩性气藏。 相似文献
20.
新疆若羌县阿热力一带位于东昆仑西段北坡、柴达木盆地西南缘。地层区划隶属于秦祁昆地层区、东昆仑-中秦岭地层分区,该区冰沟群分布广泛。对该区开展区域地质调查、对冰沟群的沉积环境和层序地层进行分析研究具有重要地质意义。在开展区域地质调查中,采用路线调查、剖面测量、实验测试等方法对冰沟群的岩性特征、岩石组合、地球化学特征、古生物特征以及形成时代等进行了系统研究,依据岩石组合特征将其划分为狼牙山组和丘吉东沟组。把该区冰沟群与区域上都兰县冰沟群层型剖面进行了对比,通过对比研究,认为该区的冰沟群与都兰县冰沟群层型剖面具明显可对比性。依据岩性特征、岩石组合特征、古生物特征等,对冰沟群沉积环境进行了分析,认为狼牙山组沉积环境属于潮下较深水陆棚相低能环境;丘吉东沟组属于浅海陆棚相带内缘斜坡沉积环境。并对冰沟群层序地层进行了划分,将其划分为2个Ⅲ级层序,即第一层序（B-1）和第二层序（B-2）。 相似文献