共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
海-气界面热通量算法的研究及在中国近海的应用 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
对计算海-气界面湍流热通量的Bulk算法的一些参数进行了改进。使用西沙实测资料、GSSTF2资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料以及改进后的算法,计算了中国近海地区的感热通量、潜热通量。计算结果与西沙实测资料、长年代的GSSTF2资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料进行比较验证,证明改进后的方法精度较高,基本可以保证湍流热通量的平均标准偏差在10W/m2左右,与多年的月平均做比较,相对偏差为25%左右;同时,不仅首次将计算热通量的空间尺度精确到0·1°×0·1°,而且基本模拟出了南海季风暴发期间热通量变化的主要特点以及中国近海热通量随季节、纬度和海岸地形的变化特征。 相似文献
2.
海气界面热通量交换对南海深水海盆SST持续增暖的可能贡献 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
20世纪后50年南海深水海盆SST持续增暖了0.64℃,为了探究其持续增暖的机制,使用IPCC模式比较试验CGCM3.1(T47)、CGCM3.1(T63)、CSIRO-Mk3.0、GFDL CM2.0这4个模式输出资料中的辐射通量、湍流热通量、比湿、风、云量、气温、海平面气压及海温数据,计算了各海洋、气象要素的变化趋势,估算了热通量各分量,发现20世纪后50年期间SST的持续增暖似乎不能依据海面热通量的变化来解释。主要证据如下:夏季风的减弱使得海面潜热减少了约4.9W/m2,但由于海温升高、蒸发加强又使潜热增多了大约同样的值,使得夏季南海深水海盆总的潜热通量变化较小;夏季大气水汽含量的增多促使海面长波辐射增多了约1.8 W/m2,加上感热通量等变化的效应,海洋净得热增多了约3.0 W/m2;但是,20世纪后50年内冬季风的增强和冬季海温升高致使海洋潜热增多了约7.3 W/m2。由于20世纪后50年潜热释放大于海面长波辐射增多,无法只用海面热通量解释SST持续增暖现象,指出了南海海洋动力过程可能在维持南海深水海盆50年来SST持续增暖中的重要性。 相似文献
3.
用2006年夏～2007年秋在北部湾获得的船测气象资料,由块体公式计算了海-气通量.结果表明:北部湾春、夏季节获得热通量,而秋、冬季节失去热通量.春季通过湍流交换造成的热通量对海面热平衡的贡献最小,其次是夏季、冬季和秋季.在年平均尺度上感热通量和潜热通量分别占净辐射通量的7.4%和77.4%,15.2%的净辐射热量通过海洋过程消耗掉.感热通量随海-气温差的加大而增大,而与风速之间呈现复杂的非线性关系.海-气温差增加1 ℃,感热通量增加6.7～12.7 W/m2;较大的感热通量(>30 W/m2)容易出现在5～10 m/s风速条件下.潜热通量与风速和相对湿度呈明显的相关关系:风速增加1 m/s,潜热通量增加约18 W/m2,而相对湿度下降1%会导致6 W/m2潜热通量的增加. 相似文献
4.
采用卫星遥感资料反演出的海洋大气参数,应用通量算法(CORAER3.0),计算出了印度洋区域海气热通量,据此,分析研究了该区域海气热通量的年、年际和年代际变化特征。进而分析探讨了该区域热通量变化与南海夏季风爆发之间的联系。结果表明,北印度洋的热通量具有明显的季节变化特征,在一年四季最大热通量基本发生在阿拉伯海和孟加拉湾,但其量值具有明显的差异。特别是在南海季风爆发前后,其量值显著增大,4月份之前,平均潜热通量维持在110—120W/m2之间,4月份开始增大为130W/m2,5月份突然增大超过160W/m2。这种增大过程可能是影响南海夏季风或南亚夏季风爆发的关键。由分析可知,南海夏季风的爆发与北印度洋的热通量变化存在显著的相关关系,且它们均具有显著的年代际变化周期为16a。当3年前的5月份北印度洋区域海气潜热通量出现偏大(小)时,南海夏季风爆发时间会出现偏晚(早)的趋势。另外,为了预测南海夏季风爆发时间,建立了一个简单的回归方程,用来预测2012年南海夏季风爆发时间。预测结果表明,2012年南海夏季风爆发时间将会出现偏晚1—2候的趋势。 相似文献
5.
本文应用高风速条件下海面动力粗糙度长度,拓展了COARE3.0块体通量算法,考虑高风速下,海洋飞沫对热通量的贡献。利用GSSTF3(Goddard Satellite-based Surface Turbulent Fluxes Version 3)遥感产品、GSSTF_NCEP(National Centers Environmental Prediction)再分析资料和浮标KEO实测数据,探讨了中国南海台风LEO和西北太平洋台风SOULIK期间湍流热通量的变化。研究结果表明:感热通量与潜热通量相比很小;台风的轨迹与潜热通量的分布密切相关且在台风轨迹的东偏北区域潜热通量数值大;在热带低压之前,原潜热通量与改进后潜热通量的差值即飞沫热通量很小,随着台风等级的增加,飞沫热通量也增加。当台风LEO达到最高即台风级别时原潜热通量达到300W/m2,飞沫热通量与原通量的比值高达12%,而台风SOULIK达到强台风级别时原潜热通量达到1000W/m2,飞沫热通量与原通量的比值达到20%,显著高于台风LEO,飞沫效应更明显。 相似文献
6.
中国近海海气界面热通量的反演 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3
应用卫星SSM/I(Special Sensor Microwave/Imager)和AVHRR(Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer)遥感资料,使用先进的海气通量计算方法(COARE3.0),计算了中国近海海气界面的感热和潜热通量.计算结果与南海西沙(2002年5月)和文昌(2000年10~11月)实测结果进行比较发现,应用遥感资料获得的海气界面热通量与实测结果非常一致.遥感获得的感热通量和潜热通量与西沙实测结果的均方根误差分别为2.9和29.9 W/m2,与文昌实测结果的均方根误差:2000年10月分别为4.42和43.05 W/m2,2000年11月分别为4.19和40.8 W/m2.与GSSTF2的结果相比,其时空分布变化特征基本一致.根据中国近海遥感资料(1988~2000年)的感热通量的分析,其均方根误差在10.1~12.4 W/m2之间,多年平均均方根误差为11.7 W/m2.潜热通量的均方根误差在34.8~49.7 W/m2之间,多年平均均方根误差为43.2 W/m2.由此可以说明,利用遥感获得的热通量可以用来进行中国近海海气相互作用的研究以及作为我国气候预测研究的重要依据. 相似文献
7.
2007年在南黄海进行了3个航次的热通量观测,包括长、短波辐射,近海表空气温度、湿度,风速,海表皮温等观测数据。依据计算的冬季、春季、秋季三个航次的海气热通量分析了热通量不同季节特征,南黄海海域冬季、春季和秋季平均潜热通量分别为80.7W/m2,5.6W/m2和142.1W/m2,感热通量分别为32.0W/m2,-12.5W/m2和18.9W/m2(海洋向大气传递为正)。将国际较为通用的OAflux数据集与3个季节观测数据做了逐点的比对,作为对OAflux数据集在南黄海海域的评估,结果显示:OAflux数据集热通量结果与观测数据在2006—2007年冬季最为接近,感热和潜热通量均方差是15.3W/m2和21.4W/m2。春季的潜热通量存在明显偏差,均方差为28.4W/m2。秋季的感热和潜热通量均存在显著偏差,均方差分别为20.5W/m2和57.5W/m2。导致春季偏差的主要原因是OAflux数据集和现场观测的近海表空气湿度差异,而秋季偏差则应主要归因于海表温度的偏差。 相似文献
8.
《海洋气象学报》2018,(4)
利用船测资料分析一次冷空气过程中东海海域海气通量特征及海洋表面热收支变化特征。2017年5月5日20时—6日14时冷空气过境期间,动量通量平均值为0. 22 N·m~(-2)。感热和潜热通量的平均值分别为27. 17 W·m~(-2)和90. 25 W·m~(-2),是春季整个观测期间(2017年4月20日—5月26日)平均值的2. 8倍和1. 1倍。冷空气爆发当天,净热通量为-12. 73 W·m~(-2),海洋失热。白天海表面热收入58. 36 W·m~(-2),影响海面热收支变化的主要是净辐射通量和潜热通量。夜间海表面热支出156. 89 W·m~(-2),海洋作为热源向大气释放潜热99. 79 W·m~(-2),占海洋释放能量过程的63. 61%,向大气释放感热27. 11 W·m~(-2),占海表释放热量的17. 28%,海表面损失的热量主要以潜热的形式向大气传输。 相似文献
9.
海表短波辐射收支是海–气界面能量交换的重要物理过程。本研究利用2019年南海北部夏季科考航次的走航观测数据,评估了ERA5再分析数据的海表短波辐射通量收支。结果表明,ERA5的向下短波辐射相比观测偏小,11时和15时(北京时间)的偏差最大,可达-100 W/m2。与此同时,ERA5的海表反照率整体偏低,其中高太阳高度角时段偏差较小,约为-0.03,低太阳高度角时段偏差较大,约为-0.15。向下短波辐射和反照率的偏差共同造成ERA5白天平均海表净短波辐射通量比观测偏小约25.4 W/m2;其中,反照率低估抵消了约50%向下短波辐射偏差的贡献。研究表明,在不同大气透射率情况下,ERA5的海表辐射收支偏差存在不同表现。ERA5海表反照率的低估可能与其采用的参数化方案在南海北部的适用性不足有关。基于观测本研究也给出了一个简单的参数优化方案。 相似文献
10.
《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2016,(1)
潜热是大气能量的重要来源,海气界面潜热通量对于海气相互作用的研究具有重要意义。本文比较了1996—2005年J-OFURO2、HOAPS3、GSSTF3、OAFLUX、NCEP/NCAR再分析资料5种产品,研究结果表明5种月平均潜热通量产品基本一致,其中J-OFURO2、HOAPS3、GSSTF3较为接近,OAFLUX与NCEP/NCAR较为接近。比较不同的月平均潜热通量产品的统计特征,均方根误差最小的是GSSTF3与HOAPS3(14.08W/m~2),最大的是GSSTF3与NCEP/NCAR(25.98W/m~2),相关系数最小的是HOAPS3与NCEP/NCAR(0.87)、GSSTF3与OAFLUX(0.87)、最大的是GSSTF3与HOAPS3(0.97),5种潜热通量产品多年平均的纬向分布虽然基本相似但仍然存在差异,基于遥感数据的3种产品与OAFLUX、NCEP/NCAR再分析资料之间较大差值主要分布在太平洋和大西洋赤道区域、西北太平洋、印度洋北部。 相似文献
11.
Long term in situ atmospheric observation of the landfast ice nearby Zhongshan Station in the Prydz Bay was performed from April to November 2016. The in situ observation, including the conventional meteorological elements and turbulent flux, enabled this study to evaluate the sea ice surface energy budget process. Using in situ observations, three different reanalysis datasets from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Interim Re-analysis(ERA-Interim), National Centers for Environmental Prediction Reanalysis2(NCEP R2), and Japanese 55-year Reanalysis(JRA55), and the Los Alamos sea ice model, CICE, output for surface fluxes were evaluated. The observed sensible heat flux(SH) and net longwave radiation showed seasonal variation with increasing temperature. Air temperature rose from the middle of October as the solar elevation angle increased.The ice surface lost more energy by outgoing longwave radiation as temperature increased, while the shortwave radiation showed obvious increases from the middle of October. The oceanic heat flux demonstrated seasonal variation and decreased with time, where the average values were 21 W/m~2 and 11 W/m~2, before and after August,respectively. The comparisons with in situ observations show that, SH and LE(latent heat flux) of JRA55 dataset had the smallest bias and mean absolute error(MAE), and those of NCEP R2 data show the largest differences.The ERA-Interim dataset had the highest spatial resolution, but performance was modest with bias and MAE between JRA55 and NCEP R2 compare with in situ observation. The CICE results(SH and LE) were consistent with the observed data but did not demonstrate the amplitude of inner seasonal variation. The comparison revealed better shortwave and longwave radiation stimulation based on the ERA-Interim forcing in CICE than the radiation of ERA-Interim. The average sea ice temperature decreased in June and July and increased after September,which was similar to the temperature measured by buoys, with a bias and MAE of 0.9°C and 1.0°C, respectively. 相似文献
12.
Huabin Mao Xiujun Sun Chunhua Qiu Yusen Zhou Hong Liang Hongqiang Sang Ying Zhou Ying Chen 《海洋学报(英文版)》2021,40(10):167-175
Latent and sensible heat fluxes based on observations from a Black Pearl wave glider were estimated along the main stream of the Kuroshio Current from the East China Sea to the east coast of Japan, from December 2018 to January 2019. It is found that the data obtained by the wave glider were comparable to the sea surface temperature data from the Operational Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Analysis and the wind field data from WindSat. The Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Response Experiment 3.0 (COARE 3.0) algorithm was used to calculate the change in air-sea turbulent heat flux along the Kuroshio. The averaged latent heat flux (LHF) and sensible heat flux (SHF) were 235 W/m2 and 134 W/m2, respectively, and the values in the Kuroshio were significant larger than those in the East China Sea. The LHF and SHF obtained from Objectively Analyzed Air-Sea Fluxes for the Global Oceans (OAFlux) were closer to those measured by the wave glider than those obtained from National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis products. The maximum deviation occurred in the East China Sea and the recirculation zone of the Kuroshio (deviation of SHF >200 W/m2; deviation of LHF >400 W/m2). This indicates that the NCEP and OAFlux products have large biases in areas with complex circulation. The wave glider has great potential to observe air-sea heat fluxes with a complex circulation structure. 相似文献
13.
Evaluation of monthly turbulent heat fluxes from WHOI analysis and NCEP reanalysis in the tropical Atlantic 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
1 IntroductionThe empirical and simple model studies suggestthe existence of a SST dipole mode in the tropical At-lantic which is antisymmetric about the annual-meanthe intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) and in-volves air- sea interaction through the wind- SST-evaporation (WES) feedback (Carton, 1996; Chang etal., 1997; Zhao et al., 2003). Chang et al. (2000)found that the dominant near-surface atmospheric re-sponse in the tropical Atlantic sector primarily comesfrom the local SST f… 相似文献
14.
An ocean model was used to examine whether the scatterometer winds can improve the model performance both dynamically and thermodynamically. Comparisons were done using QuikSCAT and NCEP2 winds for both the mean and variability from 2000 to 2004. The comparisons showed that the model forced by QuikSCAT winds gives more realistic mean SST, 20 °C isotherm depth (Z20), and latent heat flux than NCEP2 winds do. Sensitivity experiments indicated that QuikSCAT mean wind stress is important for the improved mean SST, Z20, and latent heat release to the atmosphere in the eastern Pacific. QuikSCAT wind speed, through its effect on the turbulent heat fluxes, is most important for the mean SST in the western Pacific. Finally, there were comparable correlations with observations of both SST and Z20 on the intra-seasonal time scale between the model forced with QuikSCAT winds and the model forced with NCEP2 winds. 相似文献
15.
Surface layer atmospheric and ocean observations have been collected along the cruise track from a special scientific expedition to Antarctica. Bulk estimates of surface momentum flux, sensible heat flux and latent heat flux have been computed applying bulk algorithms from the data collected along cruise track during the time period January 27 to March 31, 2006, and compared the results with National Centre for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis. Underestimation of surface momentum flux in roaring forties (40°S–50°S) area of Indian Ocean is seen from NCEP reanalysis. Systemic differences in sensible and latent heat fluxes between observed and NCEP reanalysis have been found. Along the cruise track, the average sensible (latent) heat flux was 9.45 Wm?2 (67.46 Wm?2) and 3.75 Wm?2 (64.45 Wm?2) from the direct measurement and NCEP reanalysis, respectively. The NCEP reanalysis is being widely used in numerical modeling studies, and the discrepancies shown in the NCEP reanalysis in present study will be of immense use to the modeling community of the Indian Ocean in general and Southern Indian Ocean in particular. 相似文献
16.
Using meteorological data of field observation in 1990 - 2000, especially polar orbit high-resolution NOAA satellite cloud maps received from the Antarctic expedition vessel since 1997, the formation and development of the Prydz Bay cyclone are studied in this paper. Some new viewpoints are suggested such as: when surround-polar cyclone enters the Prydz Bay, it can also intensify and develop in summer; cyclone can also develop in the easterlies in this bay. These view points revise old uncom-plete view point that the Prydz Bay is a burial ground of cyclone, and also further consummate formation-development theory of surround-cyclone in the Antarctic westerlies and cyclone in the Antarctic easterlies. In this paper, the mechanism of ice-air-sea interaction in the Prydz Bay is studied, and the physical process of cyclone formation-development is explained. By use of wholly dynamic transportation method, an energy exchange case of a cyclone, which explosively developed after entering the Prydz Bay, is calcu 相似文献
17.
The variability in global oceanic evaporation data sets was examined for the period 1988-2000. These data sets are satellite estimates based on bulk aerodynamic formulations and include the NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Satellite-based Surface Turbulent Flux version 2 （ GSSTF2）, the Japanese-ocean flux using remote sensing observations （J-OFURO）, and the Hamburg Ocean-Atmosphere Parameters and Fluxes from Satellite version 2 （HOAPS2）. The National Center for Environmental Prediction （NCEP） reanalysis is also included for comparison. An increase in global average surface latent heat flux （SLHF） can be observed in all the data sets. Empirical mode decomposition （EMD） shows long-term increases that started around 1990 for all remote sensing data sets. The effect of Mt. Pinatubo eruption in 1991 is clearly evident in HOAPS2 but is independent of the longterm increase. Linear regression analyses show increases of 9.4%, 13.0%, 7. 3%, and 3.9% for GSSTF2, J-OFURO, HOAPS2 and NCEP, for the periods of the data sets. Empirical orthogonal function （EOF） analyses show that the pattern of the first EOF of all data sets is consistent with a decadal variation associated with the enhancement of the tropical Hadley circulation, which is supported by other satellite observations. The second EOF of all four data sets is an ENSO mode, and the correlations between their time series and an SO1 are 0.74, 0.71,0.59, and 0.61 for GSSTF2, J-OFURO, HOAPS2, and NCEP in that order. When the Hadley modes are removed from the remote sensing data, the residue global increases are reduced to 2.2% , 7. 3%, and 〈 1% for GSSTF2, J-OFURO and HOAPS, respectively. If the ENSO mode is used as a calibration standard for the data sets, the Hadley mode is at least comparable to, if not larger than, the ENSO mode during our study period. 相似文献
18.
NCEP再分析资料和浮标观测资料计算海气热通量的比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对来自于美国国家环境预报中心公布的NCEP1、NCEP2 再分析资料和来自于定点布放在黄海北部的浮标观测资料进行了比较和分析。结果是： NCEP 再分析资料中的海表气象参数（风速、湿度、气温、海表温度）是可信的。在统计意义上, NCEP2 给出的海表气象参数比NCEP1 与浮标观测值更接近,而净辐射通量则是NCEP1 ... 相似文献