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1.
中国东北地区在古生代期间以众多微陆块的拼合以及古亚洲洋的闭合为特征,其后又经历了中-新生代太平洋构造域及中生代蒙古—鄂霍茨克构造域的叠加与改造,以致东北地区的构造行迹显得极为复杂,而大兴安岭重力梯级带及其西部地区构造演化是否与西太平洋俯冲有关仍然存在争议.本研究利用分布于中国东北、华北地区以及韩国、日本等部分台网所接收的近震与远震走时数据获得了中国东北地区壳幔精细的三维P波速度结构.成像结果显示,太平洋板块持续西向俯冲,俯冲板片的前缘停滞在大兴安岭—太行山重力梯度带以东区域的地幔转换带之中;长白山火山区上地幔存在着显著的低速异常体,推测西太平洋板块的深俯冲脱水导致了上地幔底部岩石的熔点降低,从而形成了大范围的部分熔融物质上涌.通过分析上地幔的速度结构,我们认为由于太平洋板块的大规模西向深俯冲,在大地幔楔中发生板片脱水、低速热物质上涌等复杂的地球动力学过程;俯冲板片前缘带动上地幔中不均匀分布的地幔流强烈作用于上部的岩石圈,这对东北地区深部壳幔结构乃至大兴安岭重力梯级带的形成、演化有着重要的影响. 相似文献
2.
俯冲过程是板块构造运动的核心过程,而地幔楔作为俯冲系统中连接俯冲盘和仰冲盘的关键构造单元,在地球层圈之间物质循环和能量交换等方面发挥了重要作用.本研究汇总了全球代表性俯冲带橄榄岩(包括俯冲带型蛇绿岩和地幔楔型造山带橄榄岩)的研究现状,并展望未来需要解决的关键科学问题.俯冲带型蛇绿岩地幔单元和地幔楔型造山带橄榄岩分别代表着大洋和大陆俯冲带侵位的地幔岩石,是研究俯冲带壳幔相互作用的关键对象.该相互作用的本质是俯冲板片和地幔楔之间在物理过程主控下发生复杂的化学交换作用.俯冲带型蛇绿岩能够记录从大洋岩石圈产生到俯冲启动直至成熟到消亡等不同阶段复杂的熔-岩和水-岩相互作用、变形变质过程、金属成矿元素富集以及壳幔物质交换等.地幔楔型造山带橄榄岩则反映洋-陆和陆-陆俯冲/碰撞、折返等阶段强烈的变形变质历史,多种性质的熔/流体交代作用(硅酸盐熔体、碳酸盐熔体、含硅酸盐组分的C-H-O流体/超临界流体),以及复杂的壳幔物质循环过程等.利用俯冲带橄榄岩进一步探索壳幔相互作用,需要采用高空间分辨率、高精度的测试方法从微观尺度上约束复杂的化学交代过程和变质变形历史,并与宏观构造的时、空演化相联系. 相似文献
3.
《世界地震译丛》2020,(5)
地震层析成像方法为俯冲板片的形态、形变与流变(间接)提供了独特的约束条件。本文利用远震双差P波成像技术对伊豆—小笠原板片的复杂结构进行了非常清晰的成像,结果显示位于26.5°N～28°N之间的地幔过渡带(MTZ)中存在一个板片撕裂。撕裂以北,板片在MTZ发生折叠,在褶皱枢纽的正上方,剪切带内初期的黏性耗散形成了P波衰减区。撕裂以南,在MTZ底部板片发生翻转且平铺于MTZ的底部。2015年小笠原地震(M_W约为7.9)的震源深度约为680km,该地震发生在翻转板片的最北端。伊豆—小笠原板片的局部撕裂、剪切和屈曲表明,其经过上地幔和地幔过渡带后仍然保持了较高的黏滞性。 相似文献
4.
俯冲带上覆板片密度特征是认识俯冲及其引发深部岩浆过程的一个窗口.本文以苏门答腊俯冲带空间重力异常数据为基础,在2.5D密度结构剖面约束下,通过3D密度反演,获得了研究区3D密度结构分布.反演结果表明,俯冲板片角度和下倾极限深度均从研究区西北向东南方向逐渐增加;研究区上覆板片下地壳存在低密度异常,主要集中在东南部,分布范围也随深度而增加.分析认为这有可能是俯冲引发的洋壳脱水对上覆板片下地壳侵染所造成.此外,研究区东南部存在的地幔板片撕裂可能是造成该区下地壳低密度异常最为显著的另一个原因.3D密度切片揭示出下地壳密度异常具有沿NE方向延伸迹象,推断应与印澳板块在苏门答腊地区的斜向俯冲作用有关.本文还对研究区的地震分布特征进行了讨论.大部分的浅源地震集中在下倾极限附近,为脆性破裂或摩擦滑移所引发.震源深度大于200 km的地震基本分布在研究区中部和东南部,震源深度从西北向东南方向逐渐加大,这从另一角度为研究区东南部地幔存在板片撕裂的观点提供了佐证. 相似文献
5.
《中国科学:地球科学》2015,(7)
板块俯冲作用是实现地壳与地幔之间物质和能量转换的重要机制,俯冲带岩浆岩是研究地壳物质再循环及其壳幔相互作用的重要载体.本文通过对红安-大别-苏鲁造山带和华北东南缘碰撞后镁铁质岩浆岩的同位素年代学和地球化学的系统总结,概括出两种类型的大陆俯冲带壳幔相互作用,对应于两类地球化学性质截然不同的镁铁质火成岩.第一类岩石显示弧型微量元素分布特征(富集LILE,LREE和Pb,亏损HFSE)和相对富集的放射成因Sr-Nd同位素组成,而第二类具有OIB型微量元素分布特征(富集LILE和LREE,HFSE不亏损)和相对亏损的放射成因Sr-Nd同位素组成.它们都具有变化的且不同于正常地幔的锆石O同位素组成,含有残留的地壳锆石.这些地球化学特征表明,这两类镁铁质火成岩来源于不同地球化学性质的地幔源区,其中第二类岩石的地幔源区是先前俯冲古洋壳来源的熔体与上覆新生岩石圈地幔反应形成的,而第一类岩石的地幔源区是随后俯冲的华南陆壳来源的长英质熔体与上覆华北古老岩石圈地幔反应形成的.因此,在大陆俯冲带存在两种类型的壳幔相互作用,碰撞后镁铁质岩浆岩为大陆碰撞造山带不同类型的板片-地幔相互作用提供了岩石学和地球化学记录. 相似文献
6.
佳木斯地块和松嫩地块位于中亚造山带最东端,两者的汇聚受控于二叠纪至侏罗纪期间牡丹江洋的俯冲及闭合作用.牡丹江缝合带后期又受到古太平洋板块和太平洋板块俯冲作用的直接影响,因此是研究古缝合带俯冲极性和后期改造作用的理想地区.本文对跨越牡丹江缝合带的160km长大地电磁剖面数据进行三维反演,建立了缝合带及邻区的电阻率模型.结果揭示了牡丹江洋的俯冲极性和俯冲痕迹,并提供了(古)太平洋板块俯冲作用导致牡丹江缝合带活化的地电学证据.缝合带表现为复杂的高导结构,位于松嫩地块-佳木斯地块碰撞带下方的地壳尺度西倾高导体,代表牡丹江洋闭合的古俯冲带,表征了牡丹江洋西向俯冲的极性.同时,由地表地质定义的牡丹江断裂不能完全代表牡丹江缝合带的深部结构,对于该缝合带的定义应扩展至横向延伸约70km的整个高导区域.俯冲前缘弧下的固体导电矿物由深部被抬升至上地壳,其下与地幔连通的“烟囱”状高导结构代表了幔源物质的上侵通道,表明牡丹江缝合带受古太平洋板块和太平洋板块的俯冲作用影响发生活化,导致通道内原本冷却、结晶的物质发生重熔.因此,(古)太平洋板块的俯冲作用破坏了中亚造山带东段古碰撞带的岩石圈结构,其下方大尺度地壳高... 相似文献
7.
汤加—克马德克俯冲带是太平洋板块向澳大利亚板块俯冲碰撞的动力作用区,是全球俯冲带动力学研究的热点区域.本研究基于EHB地震目录,对汤加—克马德克俯冲带(18.5°S—28.5°S)区域进行平面拟合,得到该范围内俯冲带走向约为196°,倾角约为48°;利用该俯冲带研究区域内Global CMT目录,对不同位置、不同深度进行区域应力张量反演,得到汤加—克马德克俯冲带研究区内精细的应力图像.结果显示:(1)俯冲带浅部(60~300km)应力结构非均匀特征明显,主应力轴倾伏角变化多样,并且最大主压应力轴方位在24°S左右发生明显偏转,我们推测这可能与洋底构造路易斯维尔海链俯冲有关;(2)中部(300~500km)最大主压、主张应力轴由北向南逐渐发生偏转,这可能与由北向南流动的地幔流对俯冲板片产生推挤作用有关,并且这种推挤作用向南逐渐减弱;(3)深部(500~700km)最大主压应力轴沿俯冲方向分布;(4)本文的结果还发现了主俯冲带深部西侧"偏移"板片与主俯冲带应力结构不同,表明"偏移"板片与主俯冲带是分离的. 相似文献
8.
基于全球高精度EHB地震目录对南美俯冲带的地震深度分布进行统计和分层,构建南美俯冲带的三维几何模型,通过对研究区域14个剖面的划分,解算了每个剖面各深度分层的俯冲倾角和俯冲距离.结果显示,南美俯冲带地震深度分为四层,存在较为明显的三个峰值;俯冲带北部(8°S~15°S)和中南部(26°S~32°S)首先以较大的倾角俯冲至110 km的深度,然后近水平的长距离俯冲,且中南部的倾角更小,平坦俯冲距离更长.中部(16°S~26°S)和最南端(33°S~36°S)则以较大的倾角直接俯冲至深部.结合该地区火山和地震分布,洋壳年龄以及板块运动速率等资料对南美俯冲带的几何形态特征和动力学意义进行分析,研究表明:不同纬度俯冲机制的差异对地震火山等地质活动造成了显著影响,是导致地震深度分层和峰值特征的主要原因;平坦俯冲形成的主要原因与俯冲板和上覆大陆板间较高的相对运动速率有关. 相似文献
9.
马尼拉俯冲带热结构数值模拟与地震意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究马尼拉俯冲带地震分布的成因机制,根据马尼拉俯冲带最新的莫霍面深度和地壳厚度等地质与地球物理资料,选取3条典型剖面,模拟俯冲带热结构。结果表明:1俯冲带热结构主要受俯冲角度、俯冲速度和俯冲板块本身地质条件等因素影响;2 BB′剖面和CC′剖面属于热俯冲;3当洋壳俯冲至软流圈边界时,俯冲板块温度迅速升高,容易形成地震活动。BB′剖面的俯冲角度和俯冲速度比CC′剖面小,使得BB′剖面发生地震的深度更浅。俯冲洋壳底部温度比顶部低,地震活动也持续到更大的深度。 相似文献
10.
为了研究九州—帕劳洋脊(KPR)俯冲部分与同震破裂扩展、地震活动性和浅部甚低频地震的关系,对南海海槽西部俯冲带日向滩地区进行了三维地震层析成像。结合岸上和近海记录的主动源和被动源地震数据,成像了从该海槽轴附近到海岸地区的深部板块。我们的结果表明,俯冲的九州—帕劳洋脊为西北—东南向的低速带,向下扩展到约30km的深度。在这个深度,我们认为俯冲的九州—帕劳洋脊与板块分离,成为上覆大陆板块的底座。由于过去大地震的同震滑动地区没有延伸到俯冲的九州—帕劳洋脊,我们认为九州—帕劳洋脊可能阻碍了破裂的扩展。俯冲的九州—帕劳洋脊的内部在很宽的深度上分布有活跃的板内地震活动。浅部甚低频地震在俯冲的九州—帕劳洋脊上部连续发生,而在俯冲的九州—帕劳洋脊的东北部却是间歇地出现。因此,俯冲的九州—帕劳洋脊看来是这个地区同震破裂扩展和地震现象的一个重要因素。 相似文献
11.
Effects of relative plate motion on the deep structure and penetration depth of slabs below the Izu-Bonin and Mariana island arcs 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
An increasing number of seismological studies indicate that slabs of subducted lithosphere penetrate the Earth's lower mantle below some island arcs but are deflected, or, rather, laid down, in the transition zone below others. Recent numerical simulations of mantle flow also advocate a hybrid form of mantle convection, with intermittent layering. We present a multi-disciplinary analysis of slab morphology and mantle dynamics in which we account explicitly for the history of subduction below specific island arcs in an attempt to understand what controls lateral variations in slab morphology and penetration depth. Central in our discussion are the Izu-Bonin and Mariana subduction zones. We argue that the differences in the tectonic evolution of these subduction zones—in particular the amount and rate of trench migration—can explain why the slab of subducted oceanic lithosphere seems to be (at least temporarily) stagnant in the Earth's transition zone below the Izu-Bonin arc but penetrates into the lower mantle below the Mariana arc. We briefly speculate on the applicability of our model of the temporal and spatial evolution of slab morphology to other subduction zones. Although further investigation is necessary, our tentative model shows the potential for interpreting seismic images of slab structure by accounting for the plate-tectonic history of the subduction zones involved. We therefore hope that the ideas outlined here will stimulate and direct new research initiatives. 相似文献
12.
K. M. Fischer M. J. Fouch D. A. Wiens M. S. Boettcher 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1998,151(2-4):463-475
—We have obtained constraints on the strength and orientation of anisotropy in the mantle beneath the Tonga, southern Kuril, Japan, and Izu-Bonin subduction zones using shear-wave splitting in S phases from local earthquakes and in teleseismic core phases such as SKS. The observed splitting in all four subduction zones is consistent with a model in which the lower transition zone (520–660 km) and lower mantle are isotropic, and in which significant anisotropy occurs in the back-arc upper mantle. The upper transition zone (410–520 km) beneath the southern Kurils appears to contain weak anisotropy. The observed fast directions indicate that the geometry of back-arc strain in the upper mantle varies systematically across the western Pacific rim. Beneath Izu-Bonin and Tonga, fast directions are aligned with the azimuth of subducting Pacific plate motion and are parallel or sub-parallel to overriding plate extension. However, fast directions beneath the Japan Sea, western Honshu, and Sakhalin Island are highly oblique to subducting plate motion and parallel to present or past overriding plate shearing. Models of back-arc mantle flow that are driven by viscous coupling to local plate motions can reproduce the splitting observed in Tonga and Izu-Bonin, but further three-dimensional flow modeling is required to ascertain whether viscous plate coupling can explain the splitting observed in the southern Kurils and Japan. The fast directions in the southern Kurils and Japan may require strain in the back-arc mantle that is driven by regional or global patterns of mantle flow. 相似文献
13.
《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》2004,141(4):303-326
The results of detailed investigation into the geometry of distribution of earthquakes around and below the volcanoes Korovin, Cleveland, Makushin, Yake-Dake, Oshima, Lewotobi, Fuego, Sangay, Nisyros and Montagne Pelée at convergent plate margins are presented. The ISC hypocentral determinations for the period 1964-1999, based on data of global seismic network and relocated by Engdahl, van der Hilst and Buland, have been used.The aim of this study has been to contribute to the solution of the problem of location of source regions of primary magma for calc-alkaline volcanoes spatially and genetically related to the process of subduction. Several specific features of seismicity pattern were revealed in this context. (i) A clear occurrence of the intermediate-depth aseismic gap (IDAG) in the Wadati-Benioff zone (WBZ) below all investigated active volcanoes. We interpret this part of the subducted slab, which does not contain any teleseismically recorded earthquake with magnitude greater than 4.0, as a partially melted domain of oceanic lithosphere and as a possible source of primary magma for calc-alkaline volcanoes. (ii) A set of earthquakes in the shape of a seismically active column (SAC) seems to exists in the continental wedge below volcanoes Korovin, Makushin and Sangay. The seismically active columns probably reach from the Earth surface down to the aseismic gap in the Wadati-Benioff zone. This points to the possibility that the upper mantle overlying the subducted slab does not contain large melted domains, displays an intense fracturing and is not likely to represent the site of magma generation. (iii) In the continental wedge below the volcanoes Cleveland, Fuego, Nisyros, Yake-Dake, Oshima and Lewotobi, shallow seismicity occurs down to the depth of 50 km. The domain without any earthquakes between the shallow seismically active column and the aseismic gap in the Wadati-Benioff zone in the depth range of 50-100 km does not exclude the melting of the mantle also above the slab. (iv) Any earthquake does not exist in the lithospheric wedge below the volcano Montagne Pelée. The source of primary magma could be located in the subducted slab as well as in the overlying mantle wedge. (v) Frequent aftershock sequences accompanying stronger earthquakes in the seismically active columns indicate high fracturing of the wedge below active volcanoes. (vi) The elongated shape of clusters of epicentres of earthquakes of seismically active columns, as well as stable parameters of the available fault plane solutions, seem to reflect the existence of dominant deeply rooted fracture zones below volcanoes. These facts also favour the location of primary magma in the subducting slab rather than in the overlying wedge.We suppose that melts advancing from the slab toward the Earth surface may trigger the observed earthquakes in the continental wedge that is critically pre-stressed by the process of subduction. However, for definitive conclusions it will be necessary to explain the occurrence of earthquake clusters below some volcanoes and the lack of seismicity below others, taking into account the uncertainty of focal depth determination from global seismological data in some regions. 相似文献
14.
通过反演562891个纵波和156321个横波走时数据,第一次同时获得了阿拉斯加地区地壳及上地幔的纵波与横波速度以及泊松比图像,为更好地认识阿拉斯加地区的深部地震结构、太平洋板块与亚库塔特板块的俯冲几何形态提供了科学依据.成像结果表明P波和S波速度图像与泊松比结构具有很好的一致性,强的高速度和低泊松比异常沿着阿拉斯加俯冲带延伸至200 km深度,该高速度和低泊松比异常体与俯冲带的地震空间分布吻合,因此,我们认为该高速体为俯冲的太平洋板块和亚库塔特板块.从地震空间分布发现,大部分大地震（M>6.5）发生在高速度与低速度异常交界处,可能反映了俯冲板块之间强耦合作用.在俯冲带的地幔楔显示出广泛的低速度和高泊松比异常,并且这些异常与岛弧火山的位置相对应,这与大洋板块俯冲所形成的岩浆入侵作用有关.研究结果表明在南阿拉斯加俯冲带,俯冲板块的俯冲角度从兰格尔块体下方的平坦变成在布里斯托尔湾下方的陡峭,这与亚库塔特板块俯冲在兰格尔块体下方和太平洋板块俯冲在布里斯托尔湾下方有关.在基奈半岛和科迪亚克岛连接处的上地幔位置存在强烈的低速与高泊松比异常体,使该处的大洋俯冲板块变薄.这一现象可能与亚库塔特板块和太平洋板块相互碰撞作用以及软流圈强烈的上升流入侵有关. 相似文献
15.
16.
Detailed regional body wave tomographic inversion of the Western Pacific region has been performed using P and S travel times from common sources and receivers, with a joint inversion in terms of bulk-sound and shear wave-speed variations in the mantle. This technique allows the separation of the influence of bulk and shear moduli, and hence a more direct comparison with mineral physics information. The study region is parameterized with cells of side 0.5° to 2° and 19 layers to a depth of 1500 km, while the rest of the mantle was parameterized with 5×5° cells with 16 layers between the surface and the core–mantle boundary. A simultaneous inversion is made for regional and global structures to minimize the influence of surrounding structures on the regional image. A nested iterative inversion scheme is employed with local linearization and three-dimensional ray tracing through the successive model updates. The results of the regional tomographic inversion reveal the penetration of a subducted slab below the 660 km discontinuity at the Kurile–Kamchatka trench, while flattening of slabs above this depth is observed in the Japan and Izu–Bonin subduction zones on both the bulk-sound and shear wave-speed images. The penetration of a subducted slab down to a depth of at least 1200 km is seen below the southern part of the Bonin trench, Mariana, Philippine, and Java subduction zones. Fast shear wave-speed perturbations associated with the subducted slabs, down to the 410 km transition zone, are larger than the comparable bulk-sound perturbations for all these subduction zones except the Philippines. The bulk-sound signature for the subducted slab is more pronounced than for shear in the Philippines, Talaud, New Guinea, Solomon, and Tonga subduction zones, where penetration of the slab into the middle mantle is observed. Variation in the amplitude ratio between bulk-sound and shear wave-speed anomalies correlates well with the subduction parameters of the descending slab. Slabs younger than 90 Ma at the trench show bulk-sound dominance in the upper mantle, while older slabs have a stronger shear wave-speed signature. Spreading of the fast shear wave-speed zone between 800 and 1000 km is observed in the areas of deep subducted slab penetration, but has no comparable expression in the bulk-sound images. This high-velocity feature may reflect physical or chemical disequilibria introduced to the lower mantle by subducted slabs. 相似文献
17.
We synthesized information from recent high-resolution tomographic studies of large crustal earthquakes which occurred in the Japanese Islands during 1995–2008. Prominent anomalies of low-velocity and high Poisson's ratio are revealed in the crust and uppermost mantle beneath the mainshock hypocenters, which may reflect arc magma and fluids that are produced by a combination of subducting slab dehydration and corner flow in the mantle wedge. Distribution of 164 crustal earthquakes ( M 5.7–8.0) that occurred in Japan during 1885–2008 also shows a correlation with the distribution of low-velocity zones in the crust and uppermost mantle. A qualitative model is proposed to explain the geophysical observations recorded so far in Japan. We consider that the nucleation of a large earthquake is not entirely a mechanical process, but is closely related to the subduction dynamics and physical and chemical properties of materials in the crust and upper mantle; in particular, the arc magma and fluids. 相似文献
18.
Summary The discovery of paleoplates buried in the upper mantle leads to an interpretation of the subduction as a discontinuous process running in cycles and shifting the place of its operation in or against the direction of ocean floor spreading. This mechanism explains the distribution of calc-alkaline volcanism of different age in fossil convergent plate boundaries. The establishment of regular spatial correlation of the aseismic gap in the Wadati-Benioff zones with the distribution of calc-alkaline volcanism enables to reconstruct fossil plate boundaries and to define allochtonous terranes in apparently homogeneous continental plates. The hampering effect of the ocean floor morphology and of the fragments of continental plates approaching the trench, which substantially influences the rates of subduction and the geodynamic history of active continental margins in different domains along the trench, allows us to understand the complicated geological development of continental wedges in fossil convergent plate margins. The establishment of the segmented nature of active subduction zones and the dramatic morphology of the lower limit of the active subducted slab along the trench help us to interpret extensive lateral gaps in volcanic chains overlying active as well as fossil subduction zones. 相似文献
19.
There is general agreement that calc-alkaline volcanic rocks at convergent plate margins are genetically related to the process of subduction (Ringwood, 1974; Maaloe and Petersen, 1981; Hawkesworth et al., 1997). However, opinions on the mode and site of generation of primary magma for island arc volcanism differ substantially. The site of generation of calc-alkaline magma is thought to be either in the mantle wedge (Plank and Langmuir, 1988; McCulloch and Gamble, 1991) or in the subducting slab (White and Dupré, 1986; Defant and Drummond, 1990; Edwards et al., 1993; Ryan and Langmuir, 1993). We present seismological evidence in favour of the latter concept. A distinctive seismicity pattern around and under the Krakatau volcano was identified during systematic studies of the SE Asian convergent plate margins by means of global seismological data. A column-like cluster of events, probably associated with the dynamics of the volcano, is clearly separated from the events in the Wadati-Benioff zone. The accuracy of hypocentral determinations of the events of the cluster does not differ from the accuracy of the events belonging to the subducting slab. The depths of the cluster events vary from very shallow to about 100 km without any apparent discontinuity. On the other hand, there is a pronounced aseismic gap in the Wadati-Benioff zone directly beneath the volcano at depths between 100-150 km. The Krakatau cluster connects this aseismic gap to the volcano at the surface. The pervasive occurrence of earthquakes in the continental wedge between the subducting slab and the Earth surface bears witness to the brittle character of the continental lithosphere and casts doubt on the existence of large-scale melting of mantle material. The aseismic gap (Hanu and Vank, 1985), interpreted by us as a partially melted domain occurring in subducted slabs in practically all active subduction zones that reach depths greater than 100 km, is here used as evidence for the location of the primary source region of island arc volcanics in the subducting plate. 相似文献
20.
对比研究了具有不同热参数、不同俯冲形态的西北太平洋俯冲地区和汤加俯冲地区的深震特殊聚簇的地震学特性和成因.利用单键群方法探测到两个特殊的深震聚簇G1N和G1T.聚簇G1N位于地震空区下方,具有极低的b值（~0.54）,完全不同于具有高b值（~1.04）的汤加俯冲地区聚簇G1T.通过对聚簇地区板块形态、地震主应力轴、地震深度分布特征的分析,以及和汤加典型的板片折曲处地震活动性的对比,我们认为深震聚簇G1N附近的板块表现出板片折曲的特征,板块俯冲到地幔过渡带底部受到下地幔的黏性阻力,板片局部向上凸起发生折曲,产生局部的拉张应力,叠加在俯冲造成的压缩构造背景上,应力状态发生改变,从而影响该深震聚簇的地震活动性.汤加地区G1T聚簇深震的成因则完全不同,没有体现出板片折曲、应力变化的特征;相反,这些深震发生在较冷的Vitiza-Fiji俯冲板块上,该板块在5~8 Ma年前先行俯冲到G1T区域并与Tonga板块发生拆离,G1T聚簇深震就发生在这些温度依然很低、滞留于~500 km深度处的高速板片残留体上. 相似文献