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1.
基于Sentinel-2的潮间红树林提取方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
位于潮间带的红树林可能在高潮时被海水淹没的特点，使得传统的植被提取方法在红树林信息提取方面存在局限性。本文在对比分析了出露的红树林、高潮水位淹没的红树林、海水水体的光谱特征后，提出了一种利用归一化潮间红树林指数（NIMI）提取潮间带红树林的方法。该指数是由植被强吸收的红波段，强反射的两个红边波段和近红外波段组成的归一化表达式。利用该指数对福建省龙海九龙江口湿地的红树林进行了分类提取，提取结果与高分二号影像目视验证和现场调查结果进行了对照。结果显示，该方法提取红树林的用户精度达到93.98%，并显著优于利用归一化水体指数（NDWI）、归一化植被指数（NDVI）及随机森林的结果。 相似文献
2.
The space–time prism demarcates all locations in space–time that a mobile object or person can occupy during an episode of
potential or unobserved movement. The prism is central to time geography as a measure of potential mobility and to mobile
object databases as a measure of location possibilities given sampling error. This paper develops an analytical approach to
assessing error propagation in space–time prisms and prism–prism intersections. We analyze the geometry of the prisms to derive
a core set of geometric problems involving the intersection of circles and ellipses. Analytical error propagation techniques
such as the Taylor linearization method based on the first-order partial derivatives are not available since explicit functions
describing the intersections and their derivatives are unwieldy. However, since we have implicit functions describing prism
geometry, we modify this approach using an implicit function theorem that provides the required first-order partials without
the explicit expressions. We describe the general method as well as details for the two spatial dimensions case and provide
example calculations. 相似文献
3.
研究了移动测量系统宽幅影像的拼接与量测算法。通过建立三幅影像柱面全景投影的几何关系,能够直接拼接完成宽幅影像。利用宽幅影像和原始影像间反投影变换关系以及三幅原始影像的同、异步立体像对,可建立宽幅影像与物方空间坐标间一一对应关系,从而实现宽幅影像目标的量测算法。宽幅影像的投影拼接和量测实验表明,利用柱面全景投影拼接得到宽幅影像的方法可应用于移动测量平台宽幅影像序列的拼接;在原始影像具备同步立体像对的条件下,宽幅影像量测的绝对精度可达1 m以内,相对精度可达0.2 m以内,满足城市环境实景目标量测的精度需求。 相似文献
4.
随着中国多颗偏振遥感器搭载发射,偏振遥感成为对地观测领域一个新的增长点以及研究热点。由于大气散射具有较强的偏振效应,大气与地表偏振信号的分离是偏振对地进行有效观测和应用的一个现实问题与难点问题。本文利用晴空中有规律的偏振分布以及大气偏振中性点的性质,对利用大气中性点的偏振效应进行地表—大气偏振信息分离的可行性进行了论证。通过对大气中性点在辐射传输过程性质的计算,得出Babinet大气中性点区域的偏振效应以及基于Babinet中性点区域进行偏振对地观测的基本方法,研究重点阐述了从航空遥感和航天遥感两个层面对如何将大气中性点应用于遥感观测进行了讨论。结果表明:(1)Babinet中性点相比于其他两个中性点,更适合于偏振遥感对地观测中地—气偏振参量分离;(2)航空遥感搭载偏振传感器在Babinet中性点区域进行地表探测可以消除大气偏振,突出地物偏振信息,有效进行地—气偏振参量分离;(3)在太阳同步轨道的卫星遥感影像上能够有效识别偏振中性点区域;研究成果有效分离高分辨率偏振遥感地物反演中的大气偏振耦合效应,实现地表偏振反射信息最大化,对于偏振遥感的大气校正以及定量化水平的提升具有实践意义。 相似文献
5.
Lin-Ping Song Shubitidze F. Pasion L.R. Oldenburg D.W. Billings S.D. 《Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, IEEE》2008,5(3):359-363
The model-based spheroidal excitation approach is extended to accurately compute the transient electromagnetic response of a highly conducting and permeable object. The complete formulation is presented in the convolution form. The method is applicable to data from various sensors that measure the transient field or voltage in either the on- or off-time regime and for an arbitrary transmitter waveform. The technique is tested against state-of-the-art time-domain electromagnetic induction sensor data. The results show good agreements between modeled and measured data. In addition, numerical studies demonstrate the importance of accounting for the transmitter waveform. 相似文献
6.
The main purpose of the research is to achieve fully automated approach for supplying multi-resolution databases with linear objects in each scale. Moreover, the proposed solutions maintain the repeatability and accuracy of output data wherever possible according to the input scale. These properties are achieved by keeping the minimal object dimensions as well as the appropriate data pre-processing, based on the classification of source points. The classification distinguishes three classes of points: constant (unchangeable), temporary, and inherited. These classes build a structure of cartographic control points. Based on these solutions, the authors proposed an algorithm for linear object simplification based on minimal object dimensions and cartographic control points. It was also confirmed that the simplification between constant points does not cause geometry discrepancies in relation to the global simplification of the whole line. 相似文献
7.
一种更严密的双介质立体摄影测量折射改正算法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
提出一种更严密的双介质立体摄影测量物方坐标折射改正算法。该算法用水下目标的空中同名直线光线公垂线段的中点作为摄影测量交会点的理论位置,解决了空中同名直线光线延长线不相交情况下摄影测量交会点不存在导致的点位关系不确定性问题,使摄影测量交会点到真实物点的坐标折射改正公式能够严格推导出来。分析了空中同名直线光线不相交情况对物方大地坐标折射改正的不利影响,研究了摄影测量交会点与水下真实物点的相互位置关系,推导了水下目标点的水深和大地坐标计算公式(即折射改正公式),通过WorldView-2立体影像浅海海底地形测量试验对算法的正确性和测量精度进行验证。研究表明,不论水下目标的空中同名直线光线延长线是否相交,该算法都是适用的,且能显著改善水下目标的高程测量精度。 相似文献
8.
Khaldoun Abualhin Irmgard Niemeyer 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2018,46(9):1341-1351
Bathymetry, the mapping of the shape of the surface of the seafloor, is a necessary science for coastal populations that rely heavily on the marine ecosystem for their survival and prosperity. Bathymetric maps are typically derived through a sound or light remote sensing system that is mounted on a boat or airplane that sweeps the designated study area. However, in regions with political constraints or logistical difficulties, reaching the study area and conducting in situ measurements can be difficult or impossible. Thus, using passive satellite imaging can be an alternative approach to traditional hydrographic surveying methods. As bathymetric maps are influenced by the local sea water conditions, the bottom type, and the water constituents, choosing a derivation algorithm for the satellite images which results in a robust and accurate map is very important. In this study, QuickBird imagery was selected to investigate the functionality and the accuracy of two different bathymetric derivation algorithms to obtain robust and reliable maps of the Gaza Strip coastal zone. Despite the high pollution level in the seawater of the investigated area, the findings confirmed the feasibility of obtaining reasonable accurate bathymetric maps. 相似文献
9.
近年来,随着城市的发展,空气污染日益严重。目前,我国城市空气质量监测主要依靠空气质量监测站,但监测站数量有限,并且空气质量在一个城市的不同区域会出现较大起伏,单一利用监测站不易发现城市所有位置的空气质量起伏变化。对此,利用带有地理位置信息的新浪微博数据,分析空气污染相关主题微博与空气质量监测站点空气质量指数（air quality index,AQI）数据的相关性,建立两者间的函数关联,提出了一种建立城市空气质量趋势面的方法。实验结果表明,该方法不仅能定性地表现出城市不同区域的相对空气质量,也可定量、细粒度地展示城市空气质量情况。 相似文献
10.
遥感图像最大似然分类方法的EM改进算法 总被引：35，自引：1，他引：35
基于参数化密度分布模型的最大似然方法（MLC）是遥感影像分类最常用手段之一，与其他非参数方法（如神经网络）相比较，它具有清晰的参数解释能力、易于与先验知识融合和算法简单而易于实施等优点。但是由于遥感信息的统计分布具有高度的复杂性和随机性，当特征空间中类别的分布比较离散而导致不能服从预先假设的分布，或者样本的选取不具有代表性，往往得到的分类结果会偏离实际情况。首先介绍了用基于有限混合密度理论的期望最大（EM）算法来作为最大似然函数（MLC）参数估计的方法－EM－MLC。该模型首先假设总体混合密度分布可被分解为有限个参数化的高斯密度分布，然后把具有先验知识的样本与随机选取的未知样本混合在一起，通过EM迭代计算来估计出各密度分布的最大似然函数的参数集，从而一定程度上避免了参数估计可能出现的偏离。最后，本文提出了基于EM－MLC遥感影像分类的具体实施流程和应用示范，并与一般最大似然方法（MLC）得到的分类结果进行了定性和定量的综合比较，认为EM－MLC在精度上得到了提高。 相似文献
11.
陈刘成 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2007,32(5):450-453
以RKF7（8）和Adams12阶PECE方法为例，分析了单步法积分器和多步法积分器在圆柱体、双锥形地影模型下，地影边界对导航卫星轨道积分的影响，并提出了相应的改进方法。改进方法原理简单，在3d积分弧段内最大误差优于cm级。 相似文献
12.
像斑直方图相似性测度的高分辨率遥感影像变化检测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于像斑的变化向量分析法CVA(Change Vector Analysis)过分依赖像斑的灰度均值信息,而未能有效利用其灰度分布信息,这在高分辨率遥感影像变化检测中存在不足。本文提出了一种基于像斑直方图相似性测度的变化检测方法。利用G统计量构建不同时期像斑之间的相似性测度。假设所有像斑的相似性测度值符合混合高斯分布模型,通过期望最大化算法EM(Expectation Maximization)求解相关参数,最后采用基于最小错误率的贝叶斯判别规则获取最终的变化结果。实验表明,本文提出的上述方法能够有效提高变化检测的精度。 相似文献
13.
《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(3):263-279
Snakes are iterative energy-minimizing splines controlled by both internal constraint forces (internal energy) and external forces (external energy). This paper investigates the use of snakes for the resolution of conflicts in polygonal subdivisions (i.e., polygon maps or polygon mosaics) resulting from the violation of metric constraints which exist if a polygonal object is too small, too narrow, or too close to another polygon. Such metric conflicts are denoted as size and proximity conflicts. In the generalization of polygonal subdivisions, internal energy reflects the resistance of an object to deformation and external energy describes the need for generalization. This paper suggests the usage of a snakes-based algorithm which is triggered in such a way that it achieves the translation, a local and global increase (or decrease) of polygons, or an arbitrary combination of these transformations, depending on the conflicts encountered. Hence, size and proximity conflicts within a group of polygons can be solved simultaneously and holistically. Furthermore, snakes support the propagation of a change of a polygon's geometry to all adjacent neighbors. The proposed algorithm has been implemented in a prototype system that also supports a variety of other polygon generalization algorithms. The main difficulties identified are the intricate setup and fine-tuning of the snakes parameters and the computer resources required by the algorithm. However, the experiments showed that the proposed algorithm is a valuable method for the automated generalization of polygonal subdivisions. 相似文献
14.
World Wind是由美国宇航局(NASA)开发的三维地理信息系统,也是一款可提供丰富数据的数字地球平台,如何将多源数据实现紧密型二三维耦合是基于World Wind开发专业系统需要解决的重要问题.在.NET开发环境下,以World Wind为仿真内核,开发了水位仿真系统,研究了二三维数据耦合技术,实现了环鄱阳湖生态经济开发区的湖区与航道淹没分析和三维漫游.结果表明,仿真系统流畅地实现了任意点地形高程、水位、水深和航道级别等信息的实时查询,仿真了不同控制水位条件下的鄱阳湖区淹没范围,仿真结果能够服务于鄱阳湖水利枢纽的水位调控决策;该仿真系统在湖泊干旱特征水位等确定中也具有重要的应用价值. 相似文献
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ZHANG Jingxiong LI Deren 《地球空间信息科学学报》2005,8(3):163-170
IntroductionWith sophistication of information technologysuch as global positioning system and remotesensing,anincreasing quantity of digital terraindata is produced fromvarious sources ,contribu-tingto accurate mapping and dynamic monitoringof the natural and built landscapes[1-3]. The val-ue of spatial information, however , dependsheavily on a good understanding and proper han-dling of uncertainty , which occurs due to the in-ability of any information systems to representthe real world as … 相似文献
17.
统计假设检验方法在全极化SAR变化检测中的应用 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文以全极化SAR数据为研究对象。由于全极化数据相干矩阵T3或协方差矩阵C3服从复wishart分布,所以首先在此分布的基础上利用统计假设检验方法构建似然比参数,用以表征地表地物的变化程度,然后利用基于广义高斯分布模型的EM迭代算法(GGM-EM)对变化信息进行初提取,最后充分考虑上下文信息,利用概率松弛迭代算法对初检测信息进行优化。该方法不仅全自动提取变化信息,而且经过非相干平均、初始分类、分类结果优化3次降斑去噪处理,因此检测精度较高。通过与传统对数比值法的比较,证明该方法的有效性。 相似文献
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Consistency among parts and aggregates: A computational model 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Heterogeneous geographic databases contain multiple views of the same geographic objects at different levels of spatial resolution. When users perceive geographic objects as one spatial unit, although they are physically separated into multiple parts, appropriate methods are needed to assess the consistency among the aggregate and the parts. The critical aspect is that the overall spatial relationships with respect to other geographic objects must be preserved throughout the aggregation process. We developed a systematic model for the constraints that must hold with respect to other spatial objects when two parts of an object are aggregated. We found three sets of configurations that require increasingly more information in order to make a precise statement about their consistency: (1) configurations that are satisfied by the topological relations between the two parts and the object of interest; (2) configurations that need further information about the topological relation between the object of concern and the connector in order to be resolved unambiguously; and (3) configurations that require additional information about the topological relation between the aggregate's boundary and the boundary or interior of the object of interest to be uniquely described. The formalism extends immediately to relations between two regions with disconnected parts as well as to relations between a region and an arbitrary number of separations. 相似文献
20.
室内空间数据模型的表达能力是影响室内位置服务的关键因素，在进行室内空间位置服务之前，需要建立能够表达室内空间复杂特征的模型。针对这一需求，本文提出了一种多元混合室内空间模型，该模型基于传统的对象特征模型、几何空间模型和符号空间模型，通过其表达的几何和拓扑特征的优化组合来实现，可充分表达室内位置和目标间的连通关系，满足室内位置服务需求。针对大量应用程序需要相同的数据模型进行导航分析和信息交换，本文提出了一种使用IndoorGML描述室内空间模型的方法，该方法可实现室内空间模型信息在各设备端的共享。以北京某大型商场为例，建立了多元混合空间模型并使用IndoorGML对其进行描述，最后通过两目标间路径分析证明本文方法的应用价值。 相似文献