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滑塌堆积(Olistostrome)一词是1955年弗洛里斯(Flores)在讨论有关西西里地区的地质现象时提出的,用以表示存在于沉积序列中的异质的、结构多少有些混乱的堆积体。对类似堆积物的研究可追溯到上一世纪的末期,但在名称的用法和成因的解释上一直存在争论。 西藏南部的滑塌堆积分布相当广泛,在雅鲁藏布缝合线的南侧,东起羊卓雍错,西至萨噶县城南的扎扎拉山口一带有多处出露,构成一个断续分布的带。 本文研究了西藏南部滑塌堆积的分布和产状,着重阐述了它们在沉积学上的特点,并讨论了它们的成因和形成过程。 相似文献
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西藏的地质工作虽然早在一百多年前就已开始了,但是,由于这个地区的特高海拔,高原独特的自然地理条件,地质工作主要集中在高原边缘地区,而广大的高原内部,长期以来,地质上几乎是个空白。六十年代以来,由于板块构造学说的兴起与发展,这里被认为是两个大陆板块相碰撞的典型例子,从而引起了世界地学界人士的瞩目。 相似文献
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前言我国的海相侏罗系有两种类型。一种是特提斯(Tethys)型,属于这一类型的有西藏、青海南部、新疆、滇西等地区的海相侏罗系,这些地层的岩性和动物群性质或多或少都能与欧洲、印度西部、东非甚至东印度群岛的侏罗系相对比。另一种是环太平洋型,属于这一类型的包括湖南、广东、东北等地区的海相侏罗系。除东北拉丹哈达岭有侏罗纪的海相沉积外,其余地区仅含有海相里阿斯统的中下部。关于在中国以及中南半岛地区特提斯型与环太平洋型两种里阿斯时期海相地层的关系,至今仍然不清楚。滇西是我国海相中生代地层发育比较好的地区之一,过去虽然经过洛齐(L.vonLoczy,1893年)和布朗(Brown,Coggin J.,1916年)等人的调查,但对中生代地层,尤其是侏罗系缺乏详细研究。 相似文献
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作者对1973-1975年中国科学院青藏高原综合科学考察队和1975年中国登山队科考分队地质组,在西藏南部和珠穆朗玛峰（以下简称珠峰）地区采集的部分同位素地质年龄样品,经镜下鉴定,选择适宜者用钾氩法做了同位素地质年龄的测定,从而对本区广泛出露的岩浆岩和变质岩的时空分布特征加深了认识。在工作中钾是用火焰光度法测定的。放射成因氩的含量大部分是用体积法测定,小部分用以Ar38为稀释剂的稀释法测定。 相似文献
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大地热流是地球内热在地表最为直接的显示,并能给出发生于地球内部深处各种作用过程间能量平衡的信息,因而日益引起地球科学界的广泛兴趣和普遍关注。我国大地热流研究始于60年代,易善锋(1966)曾报道过东北中生代盆地的三个热流数据。1979年,中国科学院地质研究所地热组正式公布了我国第一批大地热流数据25个。近十年来,不同单位和作者在华北、东北、攀西、西藏等地区又先后获得了一批热流数据。最近,本文第一作者受国际热流委员会的委托,负责将我国大陆地区热流数据进行汇总并作统计分析,以便纳入“世界热流数据汇编”。 相似文献
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区域变质作用过程中,矿物受到热力与动力作用,相应地发生结晶、重结晶与变形两个方面的变化,产生出多种型式的变质结构。依据变质结构的特点,矿物本身的变化和共生矿物之间的相互关系,可以分析多期变质作用的期次、顺序,也可以鉴别结晶作用与变形作用的先后关系,因此能够通过这种研究来复原变质地体的变质变形历史。本文研究河北省迁西县太平寨地区及附近各地的古老变质地体的变质结构特点,并研讨其地质意义。 相似文献
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西藏南部南迦巴瓦地区中新世-上新世地壳深熔作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
位于喜马拉雅东构造结的南迦巴瓦地块经历了复杂的构造变形、强烈的变质和深熔作用,是研究碰撞造山过程中地壳深熔作用的重要对象。完整地厘定新生代晚期岩浆作用期次对于揭示南迦巴瓦地区的构造演化历史和深部过程具有重要意义。南迦巴瓦地块3件淡色花岗岩样品的锆石U-Pb定年结果显示该地块经历了11.30±0.16Ma和2.59±0.04Ma两期地壳深熔作用,可能与南迦巴瓦地块晚新生代快速隆升和剥蚀相关。南迦巴瓦地块保存了大量的~11Ma变质作用和地壳深熔作用记录指示该时间段为构造活动剧烈期。上新世晚期的淡色花岗岩表明,穹窿的隆升和剥蚀所导致的岩浆作用至少持续到了~2.59Ma,代表了南迦巴瓦地区一次年轻的构造岩浆事件。 相似文献
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E. C. LEITCH V. J. MORAND C. L. FERGUSSON R. A. HENDERSON P. F. CARR 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1993,11(3):309-318
Abstract Regional metamorphic rocks that form Late Palaeozoic subduction complexes in central Queensland, Australia, are products of two metamorphic episodes. Synaccretion metamorphism (M1) gave rise to prehnite-pumpellyite and greenschist facies rocks, whereas a subsequent episode (M2) at about 250 Ma formed upper greenschist to upper amphibolite facies rocks of both intermediate- and low-pressure type, probably in a compressive arc or back-arc setting. A similar pattern can be recognized for 1000 km along the New England Fold Belt, although at several localities, where higher grade rocks are exposed, metamorphism was essentially continuous over the M1-M2 interval, with a rapid rise in geothermal gradient at the end of accretion. Where out-stepping of tectonic elements has occurred at long-lived convergent margins elsewhere, similar overprinting of high- by lower-pressure facies series is anticipated, complicating the tectonic interpretation of metamorphism. The discrete character of metamorphic events may be blurred where conditions giving rise to a major episode of accretion and out-stepping are followed by the subduction of a major heat source. 相似文献
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分布于北京密云水库附近的密云群变质岩是太古代遭受多期变质作用的片庥杂岩,研究它的矿物演化将有利于阐明变质作用过程及早期地壳发展的特点。密云群主要由超镁铁质变质岩类(Si=100—200,C>15,K<0.2)、镁铁质变质岩 相似文献
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The Sequence of Magmatic-Tectonic Events and Orogenic Processes of the Yanshan Belt, North China 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
DENG Jinfu SU Shangguo MO Xuanxue ZHAO Guochun XIAO Qinghiu JI Guangyi QIU Ruizhao ZHAO Hailing LUO Zhaohu WANG Yang LIU Cui China University of Geosciences Beijing and Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Tectonics Lithoprobe Techniques Ministry of Education of China 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(1):260-266
This paper emphasizes that the interactive constraints of geology and isotopic dating is the best approach to construct the geological event sequence, and has compiled 106 data of reasonable isotopic ages for the igneous rocks of the Yanshan belt. We propose a sequence of mgmatic-tectonic events in the Jurassic-Cretaceous Yanshan orogen of North China. Five orogenic episodes are divided, (1) pre-and initial orogenic episode (Early Jurassic); (2) early orogenic episode (Middle Jurassic); (3) peak orogenic episode (Late Jurassic); (4) late orogenic episode (early Early Cretaceous), and (5) post-orogenic episode. Each episode is a short cycle, all of the orogenic processes construct a longer cycle, and they, in general, followed a counter-clockwise (ccw) PTt path. Finally, it is suggested that the Yanshanian movement was so intensive that the magmatism and tectonic deformation had involved all the lithosphere thickness and the late-Achaean-formed cratonic lithosphere had been significantly reworked. 相似文献
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V. A. Glebovitsky A. B. Kotov E. B. Sal’nikova A. M. Larin S. D. Velikoslavinsky 《Geotectonics》2009,43(4):253-263
The available data on the age and formation conditions of the granulite complexes in the western Dzhugdzhur-Stanovoi Fold Region (Dambuki and Larba blocks) and the adjacent territory of the Peristanovoi Belt (Kurul’ta, Zverevsky, and Sutam blocks) are systematized. At least three Early Precambrian episodes of high-grade granulite-facies metamorphism dated at 2.85–2.83, 2.65–2.60, and 1.90–1.88 Ga are established in the geological history of the western Dzhugdzhur-Stanovoi Fold Region. Five granulite-facies metamorphic events are documented in the Peristanovoi Belt. The early granulite-facies metamorphism, migmatization, and emplacement of charnockite are related to the first event (2183 ± 1 Ma) in the Kurul’ta Block. The structural transformation and metamorphism of charnockite under conditions of granulite facies correspond to the second event (2708 ± 7 Ma). The enderbite belonging to the Dzhelui Complex (2627 ± 16) and charnockite of the Altual Complex (2614 ± 7 Ma) were emplaced during the third tectonic event, which was immediately followed by the emplacement of the Kalar anorthosite-charnockite complex (2623 ± 23 Ma). The first episode of Early Proterozoic granulite-facies metamorphism of the Sutam Sequence in the tectonic block of the same name was related to the fourth event, probably caused by collision of the Olekma-Aldan continental microplate and the passive margin of the Uchur continental microplate. Finally, granulite-facies metamorphism superimposed on rocks of the Kalar Complex in the Kurul’ta Block and high-pressure metamorphism in the Zverevsky and Sutam blocks (1935 ± 35 Ma) correspond to the fifth metamorphic event. The Late Archean metamorphic events are most likely related to the amalgamation and subsequent collision of the terranes which currently make up the granulite basement of the Dzhugdzhur-Stanovoi Fold Region with the Olekma-Aldan continental microplate. In the Early Proterozoic, the Aldan Shield and the Dzhugdzhur-Stanovoi Fold Region were separated by an oceanic basin. Its closure, and the collision of the Aldan and Stanovoi continental microplates, were accompanied by granulite-facies metamorphism and led to the formation of the Peristanovoi Belt, or Peristanovoi Suture Zone. This collision suture continued functioning in the Phanerozoic (from the Early Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous) with the formation of thick shear zones and greenschist retrograde metamorphism. 相似文献
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新疆阿尔泰地区冲乎尔递增变质带特征及其演化 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
新疆阿尔泰海西造山带主要发育两期区域变质作用：第一期为区域低温动力变质作用类型,第二期为区域动力热流变质作用类型。冲乎尔递增变质带是后者的典型代表之一,从火山沉积盆地边缘到中心发育十字石-蓝晶石带、黑云母-石榴石带、绿泥石-黑云母带、绢云母-绿泥石带,递增变质作用强度具有逐渐减弱的趋势。结合变质变形关系和变质作用演化特点,将变质作用划分为早期、峰期和晚期3个阶段。早期和峰期为连续的递增变质过程,形成典型的中压型递增变质带,晚期则属于后期的退化变质过程。变质作用演化具有顺时针的p-t轨迹,这种递增变质带的发育特征和变质作用演化特点反映了阿尔泰造山带特定的大地构造环境和地壳演化的动力学机制。 相似文献
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Zhuang Yuxun 《《地质学报》英文版》1994,7(3):267-281
Abstract A series of thermal-structural-gneiss domes (briefly TSG domes) are developed in the Chinese Altaides. Sericite-chlorite zone, biotite zone, garnet zone, staurolite zone, kyanite (andalusite) zone, sillimanite - cordierite (sillimanite - garnet) zone, migmatite zone and migmatic granite - gneiss field are developed from the low-grade metamorphic area to the centre of the TSG domes. The succession of the formation and evolution of the progressive metamorphic zone, migmatite zone and migmatic granite-gneiss corresponds to the spatial sequence from the outer part to the centre of the TSG domes. The peak temperature of the metamorphism and granitization increases progressively from 400 °C to 800 °C while the pressure decreases progressively from 1.05 GPa to 0.10 GPa from the biotite zone to the migmatic granite-gneiss field. The metamorphism of the orogenic belt may be described by the pressure-temperature-space-time model (PTst). In the main episode of orogeny, the deep heat flow and structural flow upsurged along a series of the centres of the regional thermodynamic anomalies, giving rise to the progressive metamorphism, granitization, and the differential uplift and the formation of TSG domes. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT Microstructural and petrological data from the Jumping Brook metamorphic suite, western Cape Breton Highlands, suggest that a single episode of syntectonic prograde metamorphism, followed by uplift, cooling and associated retrogression, affected these rocks during mid-Palaeozoic times. Microstructures indicative of progressive crenulation foliation development can be traced from low-grade (chlorite zone) through high-grade (kyanite zone) rocks, allowing a clear sequence of porphyroblast growth to be established. Metamorphic reactions and P-T calculations suggest metamorphic conditions of 700-750°C at 8-10 kbar were achieved in kyanite zone rocks. Although a complete P-T-t path was not defined, combined petrological and geochronological data can be used to constrain computed P-T-t models. These models suggest that a component of post-metamorphic tectonic exhumation is required to explain the observed times of cooling and uplift. The microstructural and petrological data to not support the interpretation that the high-grade rocks represent pre-existing crystalline basement. Indeed, the metamorphic history, geochronology and computed tectonic models all point to a single, short-lived episode of Silurian-Devonian volcanism, intrusion, convergence, regional metamorphism and uplift, probably resulting from collision tectonics at an irregular continental margin. 相似文献