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1.
核废物地质处置、地热开发、石油开采等工程领域都可能涉及稀疏裂隙岩体中的水流-传热过程。现有的裂隙岩体水流-传热理论模型和计算方法基本上都是以平行光滑壁面裂隙模型为基础的,没有考虑裂隙的壁面局部接触对水流、水-岩热交换以及岩体传热的影响。针对粗糙壁面裂隙水流过程,阐述了基于Stokes方程的Reynolds润滑方程及Hele-Shaw裂隙模型,采用MATLAB软件中的PDE工具求解,并与Walsh的等效水力开度公式进行对比;分析壁面局部接触裂隙水流-传热与填充裂隙水流-传热的相似性,提出了瞬时局部热平衡假设的适用条件,并在裂隙局部接触体传热满足Biot数条件的前提下,计算分析裂隙局部接触体与水流之间的局部热平衡时间及其影响因素;在裂隙局部接触体与水流之间满足瞬时热平衡假设的前提下,利用填充裂隙水流-传热的解析解,计算了壁面局部接触裂隙水及两侧岩石的温度分布,并分析了裂隙局部接触面积率、裂隙开度、裂隙水平均流速对岩石温度和裂隙水温度的影响特征,结果表明：（1）在设定条件下,由于裂隙局部接触体与裂隙水流之间的热交换,裂隙水流对其两侧岩石温度的影响范围随接触面积率的增大而减小,裂隙两侧岩石对裂隙水流温度的影响程度随接触面积率的增大而增大;（2）裂隙开度和裂隙水流速对岩石温度和裂隙水温度的影响方式的影响是一致的,即由于裂隙水流量随裂隙开度和裂隙水流速的增大而增大,裂隙水流对其两侧岩石温度的影响范围随裂隙开度和裂隙水流速的增大而增大,裂隙两侧岩石对裂隙水流温度的影响程度随裂隙开度和裂隙水流速的增大而减小。 相似文献
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《铀矿地质》2020,(4)
为研究正交与非正交稀疏裂隙岩体水流-传热对温度的影响,采用三维离散单元法程序(3 Dimension Distinct Element Code,简称3DEC)分析正交与非正交稀疏裂隙岩体水流-传热对温度场影响规律。研究表明:正交裂隙水流显著改变了岩体温度场;由于交叉裂隙水流动传热,致使裂隙水流动区域等温线出现明显的断续态,从瞬态到稳态,岩体温度升高,温度梯度逐渐减小。对比正交裂隙岩体模型,当横裂隙向下倾斜,纵裂隙靠近热源时,裂隙岩体温度升高;对比非正交裂隙岩体模型,当横裂隙倾斜度不变,纵裂隙远离热源时,裂隙岩体温度降低。非正交裂隙出水口水温高于正交裂隙出水口水温,纵裂隙靠近热源时裂隙出水口水温高于纵裂隙远离热源时裂隙出水口水温;非正交裂隙岩体模型比正交裂隙岩体模型达到稳态所需要的时间更短,纵裂隙靠近热源时的模型比纵裂隙远离热源时的模型达到稳态所需时间更长。 相似文献
4.
《岩土力学》2017,(7):2103-2112
针对非连续变形分析中开合迭代难以收敛的难题,基于块体接触约束状态和块体位移之间的关系,提出了基于逼近阶跃函数和拉格朗日插值的改进DDA方法。采用双曲正切函数来逼近阶跃函数,利用阶跃函数将块体接触约束状态用块体位移来表达,以此来替代开合迭代,避免了开合迭代难以收敛的难题。利用拉格朗日插值原理,推导得到只含有块体位移为未知量的块体系统势能函数,并利用变尺度法来求解总体势能函数的极值以得到块体位移。分别结合滑块模型和地下洞室模型,分析了改进DDA方法的计算精度和计算速度,验证了文中提出的改进DDA方法的正确性和稳定性。研究表明:基于逼近阶跃函数和拉格朗日插值的改进DDA方法具有较高的精度,且相比较传统DDA方法而言,具有更为稳定的和更为强健的计算收敛性。因此,基于逼近阶跃函数和拉格朗日插值的改进DDA方法是一种稳定有效的数值计算方法,为解决非连续变形中开合迭代难以收敛的问题提供了新思路。 相似文献
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岩体饱和–非饱和渗流、应力耦合作用对工程岩体的强度和稳定性有十分重要的影响。目前对于裂隙岩体饱和渗流应力耦合的研究取得了一些进展,但在很多工程领域不能简单地采用饱和渗流分析。根据DDA力学计算和非饱和渗流计算原理,提出了新的基于DDA方法的非饱和渗流应力耦合模型。并给出了在库水位骤降工况下的边坡水力耦合算例,其计算结果显示在库水位骤降情况下：考虑水力耦合且库水位下降较快时的安全系数要小于库水位下降慢时的安全系数;考虑水力耦合的边坡稳定安全系数要小于不考虑耦合时的安全系数。仿真实验和工程应用表明其计算成果是符合实践规律的。 相似文献
7.
米尺度裂隙岩体模型水流-传热试验的数值模拟分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了研究高放射性核废物地下处置库近场的水流-传热耦合问题,采用国内高放废物地下处置库预选场址--甘肃北山地区的花岗岩石块体,加工组合成米尺度的规则裂隙岩体模型,设置边界热源和裂隙水流,试验模拟裂隙水水流与传热之间的相互作用。作为该室内模型试验的前期理论研究,采用等效孔隙介质数值模型,着重分析了裂隙开度、裂隙流量和热源功率对流场和温度场的影响。在设定条件下,计算分析表明：热传导和裂隙水水流由热源作用初期的不耦合很快转化为耦合;不流动的裂隙水主要表现为热存储和热传导,而流动的裂隙水还引起流动传热和水与岩石之间的对流换热,使岩体温度场明显不同于单纯热传导的情况;如果保持裂隙水流量不变,则裂隙开度的变化对水流-传热影响不大;如果保持裂隙水流速不变,则裂隙开度的变化对水流-传热影响显著;热源功率越大,通过裂隙水的热流量越大,裂隙水压强越大,而当温度超过100 ℃时,裂隙水会因汽化而压强显著增大;加热7 d时,热量的输入和输出几乎相等,裂隙水流带走的热量接近热源供给的热量,模型系统基本达到了热平衡。 相似文献
8.
填砂裂隙岩体渗流传热模型试验与数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选取中国高放射核废物地下处置库重要预选场区--甘肃北山地区的花岗岩,加工组合成规则裂隙岩体,将垂直裂隙用粒径为0.5～0.63 mm的砂土填充,进行了裂隙水渗流传热试验;对模型试验进行了数值模拟,进而计算分析了热源温度、裂隙水流速和裂隙开度变化对裂隙岩体模型稳态温度场的影响。模型试验表明,当热源温度维持在120 ℃时,裂隙水仍无相变,裂隙岩体模型稳态温度场分布规律与热源温度为95 ℃时一致;热源温度越高,热源的水平影响距离越大,模型达到稳态需要的时间越长;裂隙填砂加强了裂隙两侧岩石之间的热传导,热源的水平影响距离和模型到达稳态需要的时间均明显大于无填充裂隙岩体模型的情况。模型试验得到的岩体模型温度场与数值计算得到的岩体模型温度场规律一致。试验过程中裂隙岩体模型在边界上存在一些热量散失,无法与数值计算中的绝热边界条件等同,致使试验数据低于数值计算值,并且热源温度越高,两者之间的差异越大。模型试验和数值计算均表明,邻近热源侧的裂隙水渗流对模型的温度场分布起控制作用,而远离热源侧的裂隙水渗流则主要影响该侧的边界温度和模型达到稳态所需要的时间。数值参数敏感性分析表明,裂隙水流速与裂隙开度越大,裂隙水对水平传热的阻滞作用越明显。 相似文献
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岩体水力学基础（二）——岩体水力学的基础理论 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
仵彦卿 《水文地质工程地质》1997,24(1):24-28
单裂隙水流立方定律是岩体水力学中最基本的，也是最重要的定量，本文从不变形平直等宽单裂隙水流运动定量开始，讨论了受压力作用岩体单裂隙，一组平行裂隙，一组正交裂隙以地体裂隙系统中水流运动规律，分析了单裂隙水中流渗透压力与裂隙变压之关系，运用水力学原理推导了岩溶单管流定理，为岩体水力模型研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
10.
《岩土力学》2020,(2)
考虑裂隙水流与岩体开裂之间的相互作用,在含裂隙单元的附加节点上引入反映裂隙局部特性的附加函数,然后基于考虑裂隙面水压力作用的虚功原理推导出了采用扩展有限元法分析水力劈裂问题的控制方程,给出了裂隙水流与岩体开裂相互作用的扩展有限元实现方法,并采用该法对岩石试件与压力隧洞在裂隙水压作用下的开裂过程进行了数值模拟。数值计算结果表明:岩石试件裂纹内水压变化规律与试验结果相吻合;裂隙长度较小时,裂隙的存在对压力隧洞周围岩体应力、位移场的影响较小,随着裂隙的扩展,其影响范围将逐步扩大;水力劈裂对隧洞的径向位移影响较小,而对环向位移的影响较大,考虑水力劈裂耦合分析得到的环向位移要大于不考虑裂隙内水压分析得到的结果。 相似文献
11.
Coupled hydro-mechanical (HM) processes are significant in geological engineering such as oil and gas extraction, geothermal energy, nuclear waste disposal and for the safety assessment of dam foundations and rock slopes, where the geological media usually consist of fractured rock masses. In this study, we developed a model for the analysis of coupled hydro-mechanical processes in porous rock containing dominant fractures, by using the numerical manifold method (NMM). In the current model, the fractures are regarded as different material domains from surrounding rock, i.e., finite-thickness fracture zones as porous media. Compared with the rock matrix, these fractured porous media are characterized with nonlinear behavior of hydraulic and mechanical properties, involving not only direct (poroelastic) coupling but also indirect (property change) coupling. By combining the potential energy associated with mechanical responses, fluid flow and solid–fluid interactions, a new formulation for direct HM coupling in porous media is established. For indirect coupling associated with fracture opening/closure, we developed a new approach implicitly considering the nonlinear properties by directly assembling the corresponding strain energy. Compared with traditional methods with approximation of the nonlinear constitutive equations, this new formulation achieves a more accurate representation of the nonlinear behavior. We implemented the new model for coupled HM analysis in NMM, which has fixed mathematical grid and accurate integration, and developed a new computer code. We tested the code for direct coupling on two classical poroelastic problems with coarse mesh and compared the results with the analytical solutions, achieving excellent agreement, respectively. Finally, we tested for indirect coupling on models with a single dominant fracture and obtained reasonable results. The current poroelastic NNM model with a continuous finite-thickness fracture zone will be further developed considering thin fractures in a discontinuous approach for a comprehensive model for HM analysis in fractured porous rock masses. 相似文献
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随机连续模型分析裂隙岩体耦合行为 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
利用能够反映岩体水力性质空间变异特性的随机连续模型对隧洞开挖过程中的裂隙岩体渗流-应力耦合过程进行了数值分析。随机渗透系数场通过顺序指示模拟方法生成。顺序指示法是一种非参数地质统计学技术,他允许输入任何形式的渗透系数概率分布而不需要对分布做任何假设。由随机模拟生成的渗透系数场被投影到有限元计算网格中进行耦合分析。力学响应使用基于连续介质的节理本构模型来反映岩体中软弱面的影响。结果表明,随机连续模型能够较好地预测裂隙岩体的稳定入渗率,水力性质的空间变异性对裂隙介质的耦合过程起着重要作用。在不排水条件下,隧洞每次开挖开始时,由于岩石应力重分布,孔隙水受到扰动,短时间内不能流动平衡,因此孔压会迅速上升,这对于围岩稳定是不利的。 相似文献
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裂隙岩体流固耦合问题是目前国内外研究热点之一,采用离散元软件UDEC对裂隙岩体发生节理剪胀的渗透性变化规律进行了模拟分析。基于现场调查的裂隙信息统计生成裂隙网络岩体模型。 通过固定垂直应力、不断增加应力比RS(RS=水平应力/垂直应力)使岩体出现剪胀,采用库伦滑移节理模式对岩体在剪胀过程中的渗透性变化情况进行模拟。结果发现:当应力比较小(RS3.1)时,节理水力隙宽、流速、渗透系数等参数都随着应力比的增加表现出明显的降低; 而当岩体出现剪胀现象之后(应力比大于3.1),发生剪切滑移和剪胀现象的节理控制着裂隙岩体的总体渗流行为,与不考虑节理剪胀的计算结果相比,岩体渗透能力出现了显著增长。这一结果表明,剪胀对裂隙岩体渗透性的影响是显著而不可忽视的。 相似文献
14.
裂隙渗流会引起裂隙周围岩体中的温度场变化,在低温岩体中其影响更为明显;此外,裂隙水与周围低温岩石介质发生热交换会引起裂隙中的水冰相变过程发生,而裂隙水冻结将阻碍裂隙渗流,引起裂隙渗流场的变化。因此,低温下的裂隙岩体水-热相互作用是一个强耦合过程。考虑裂隙中的水冰相变过程和渗流作用,建立了低温冻结条件下裂隙岩体水-热耦合模型;以冻结法施工为例,考察了低温冻结过程中裂隙水渗流对裂隙冻结交圈的影响。研究结果表明：由于裂隙渗流的存在,距裂隙较远处岩石先冻结,裂隙冻结所需时间远大于周围岩石;裂隙宽度和裂隙水压力差都会影响冻结交圈时间,裂隙越宽、水压力差越大,裂隙冻结需要时间越长;随着冻结时间的推进,裂隙水渗流速度逐渐降低,当裂隙冻结后裂隙渗流停止。最后通过构建随机裂隙网络模型,利用所建立的水-热耦合模型考察了裂隙网络渗流对冻结交圈的影响,说明了在冻结法施工中考虑裂隙的重要性。 相似文献
15.
Correlations Developed for Estimation of Hydraulic Parameters of Rough Fractures Through the Simulation of JRC Flow Channels 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
The hydro-mechanical response of fractured rock masses is complex, due partly to the presence of fractures at different scales.
Surface morphology has a significant influence on fluid flow behaviour of a fracture. Different empirical correlations and
statistical models have been proposed to estimate the equivalent hydraulic aperture and determine the pressure drop along
a fracture. However, the existing models suffer from not being adequately generalised to be applicable to a wide range of
real fracture surfaces. To incorporate the effect of profile roughness in the hydro-mechanical behaviour of fractured rock
masses, the joint roughness coefficient (JRC) is the most widely used empirical approach. However, the average JRC of two
fracture walls in fluid flow analysis, as is a common practice, appears to be inappropriate. It will be shown how different
combinations of pairs of JRCs could lead to a similar JRC value. Also, changing the position of the top and bottom walls of
a fracture can significantly change the hydraulic response of the fracture while the average JRC is identical in both cases.
In this paper, correlations are developed which are based on the simulation of JRCs using estimated fluid flow parameters
of 2D fractures can be estimated. In order to widen the application range of the correlations, JRC flow channels were generated:
these are 2D channels with their top and bottom walls being made from two of the JRC profiles. To estimate the JRC of linear
profiles, a correlation developed between JRC and a newly developed Riemannian roughness parameter, D
R1, is proposed. Considering ten JRC profiles, a total of 100 JRC flow channels were generated. In order to only investigate
the effect of surface roughness on fluid flow, the minimum closure between the top and bottom walls of JRC flow channels were
considered to be constant. Three cases with minimum closures of 0.01, 0.05 and 0.10 cm were considered in this study. All
JRC flow channels were subjected to fluid analysis using FLUENT software. Based on these results, correlations were developed
between the geometrical and hydraulic properties of flow channels. Analysis of several real fractures demonstrated the applicability
of these correlations. 相似文献
16.
This paper proposes a three-dimensional coupled hydrothermal model for fractured rock based on the finite-discrete element method to simulate fluid flow and heat transport. The 3D coupled hydrothermal model is composed of three main parts: a heat conduction model for the rock matrix, a heat transfer model for the fluid in the fractures (including heat conduction and heat convection), and a heat exchange model between the rock matrix and the fluid in the fractures. Four examples with analytical solutions are provided to verify the model. A heat exchange experiment of circulating water in a cylindrical granite sample with one fracture is simulated. The simulation results agree well with the experimental results. The effects of the fracture aperture, fluid viscosity, and pressure difference on the heat exchange between the fluid and rock are studied. Finally, an application concerned with heat transport and fluid flow in fractured rock is presented. The simulation results indicate that the 3D fully coupled hydrothermal model can capture the fluid flow and temperature evolution of rocks and fluids. 相似文献
17.
This paper presents a composite element algorithm of coupled normal stress and fluid flow process for fractured rock mass, developed from the composite element method (CEM). The coupled relation between the fracture flow and normal stress makes use of the “filled model”, which examines the asperities in the fracture as a layer of granular medium having high porosity and being clipped by the two parallel plates. The existence of fractures is not considered in the mesh generation, but it will be considered explicitly in the mapped composite element. The coupled normal stress and fluid flow process has been simulated by applying a cross iterative algorithm between the two fields. The proposed algorithm considers not only the flow through the fractures, but also the flow exchange between fractures and the surrounding rock blocks. In addition, it can be used for both the filled and non-filled fractures. The verification of the proposed algorithm has been conducted through the illustration of three examples by comparison with the conventional finite element method (FEM), from which the advantages and reliability of the proposed algorithm have been shown clearly. 相似文献
18.
M. Rouainia H. Lewis C. Pearce N. Bicanic G.D. Couples M.A. Reynolds 《Engineering Geology》2006,82(4):222-233
A coupled hydro-geomechanical modelling environment, developed to evaluate the coupled responses of fluid flow in deforming discontinuous media, is described. A staggered computational framework is presented, where the two simulations tools, HYDRO and DDA, communicate via the mapping of an equivalent porosity (and related permeabilities) from the rock system to the fluid phase and an inverse mapping of the pressure field. Several algorithmic and modelling issues are discussed, in particular the computational procedure to map the current geometry of the discontinuous rock blocks assembly into an equivalent porosity (and permeability) field. A generic, geometrically simple, overpressured reservoir/seal system is analysed for illustration. Further examples investigate discontinuous, fractured configurations in flexure causing a degree of spatial variability in the induced stresses. Model predictions show that the combination of hydraulic and mechanical loads causes a dilational opening of some pre-existing fractures and closure of others, with strong localisation of the modified flow pattern along wider fracture openings. 相似文献
19.
岩体裂隙系统渗流场与应力场耦合模型 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
仵彦卿 《地质灾害与环境保护》1996,7(1):31-34
岩体系统具有复杂的结构。一般认为，岩体系统是非均质各向异性不连续的多相介质体系。当岩体以裂隙为主，且其分布较密集时，可将岩体系统看作等效连续多相介质体系。本文运用等效连续介质理论，提出了两种岩体裂隙系统渗流场与应力场耦合模型：一是以渗透水压力与隙变形关系、应力与渗透系统数关系为基础，建立渗透系数张量计算公式，进而建立等效效连续介质渗流为数学模型。以裂隙岩体应变张量分析为基础，建立裂隙岩体效应力张量 相似文献
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裂隙岩体非稳态渗流场与损伤场耦合分析模型 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
本文从流体扩散能量迭加原理,建立了裂隙岩体介质的渗流张量解析表达式,综合应用断裂力学与损伤理论,探讨了复杂应力状态下裂隙岩体的本构关系以及压裂裂纹的起裂准则,建立了裂隙岩体在压剪,拉剪应力状态下损伤演化方程,提出了渗透张量随裂隙损伤发展的关系以及裂隙岩体非稳态渗流场与与损伤场耦合模型。 相似文献