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一、煤田地质概况本煤田位于完达山古陆西缘,属晚侏罗世内陆山间盆地型煤田。煤田呈倾伏向斜构造,褶皱轴向北北东。含煤地层厚800～1200米。基底为前古生界花岗岩和花岗片麻岩。基底与含煤地层之间为不整合接触关系。本区含煤地层按岩性,岩相、旋回及含煤性等标志,可划分为两个含煤组:下部北大岭含煤组;上部石头河含煤组。含煤地层上部为南岗砾岩,与含煤地层呈假整合接触(图1)。含煤地层沉积环境不稳定,岩相变化复杂,煤层原生变薄,分叉、尖灭及增厚极为普遍。 相似文献
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《中国煤炭地质》2015,(8)
兴凯湖盆地是与敦密断裂构造活动密切相关的含煤盆地,发育古近系虎林组和新近系富锦组含煤地层。利用实测剖面、钻孔岩心及测井曲线资料,对该盆地含煤地层沉积环境、层序地层及聚煤特征进行研究,在研究区识别出三角洲沉积体系和湖泊沉积体系。根据研究区内的岩性岩相变化,将区内含煤地层划分为2个三级层序Sq1和Sq2,其中层序Sq1相当于古近系虎林组,发育湖侵体系域和高位体系域,层序Sq2相当于新近系富锦组,发育低位体系域、湖侵体系域和高位体系域;古近纪主要聚煤环境为高位体系域的三角洲平原沼泽,新近纪聚煤环境为低位和湖侵体系域的滨浅湖淤浅沼泽和高位体系域的三角洲平原沼泽。 相似文献
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靖远煤田宝积山、红会矿区含煤地层为中侏罗统窑街组,煤炭资源较丰富。由于多年开采,资源面临枯竭,解决资源接续问题已成当务之急。通过对区内主要控煤构造白土梁一马饮水复式向斜的展布方向和分布范围、F1h断层特征和煤系地层层序的研究．预测研究区有可采煤层存在．且煤层埋藏深度在1200～2000m。通过分析宝积山、红会两矿区赋煤地层及构造特征,认为研究区与两矿区应属同一山间聚煤坳陷,成煤环境为河湖沼泽相,岩相旋回以河流相开始,泛湖相结束,煤层位于旋回中上部,煤系地层薄,煤层层数少、厚度大,含煤性好,资源储量丰度大。根据已知矿区地质条件,结合以往地质工作程度的差别,提出宜采用不同的勘查方法分区分段开展地质找煤工作。 相似文献
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滇东煤田煤炭资源丰富,主要含煤地层为龙潭组,煤层厚度适中,埋藏适宜,煤层气含量高。从沉积、构造、煤层煤质、煤储层特征等方面对滇东煤田煤炭资源较好的老厂煤矿煤层气赋存地质条件进行分析。研究表明:老厂矿区龙潭组第三段是多层叠置含煤层气独立系统,是沉积—水文—构造条件耦合控气作用的产物。含煤地层的层序格架特点奠定了多层叠置独立含煤层气系统的地质基础,每套独立含煤层气系统分别被限定在对应的二级层序格架内;含煤地层与上覆、下伏含水层之间缺乏水力联系,含煤地层内部不同岩层(组合)之间相互封闭,这些条件构成了多层叠置含气系统的水文地质基础。老厂煤矿煤层气由四个含煤层气系统组成,各系统间相互独立,其岩性分段具备完整的生储盖层,形成了一多层叠置独立含煤层气系统。 相似文献
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安徽省淮北煤田的许疃井田,含煤地层厚度变化大,山西组下部10煤层在南部大面积缺失,下石盒子组7煤层在北部和西部分叉等地质成因问题,长期悬而未决。笔者系统分析了井田内的大量资料后发现,含煤地层的沉积始终受基底隐伏断裂的控制,由于水平挤压或垂直升降运动所产生的构造分异作用,影响到井田内地层厚度、岩性、岩相、含煤性等的差异。 相似文献
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通过对四川乐威煤田晚三叠世含煤地层野外露头、钻孔岩心、测井、古生物等资料分析,剖析了该区含煤地层的沉积环境和层序地层特征,在此基础上恢复了各层序的岩相古地理格局并分析了聚煤特征.乐威煤田晚三叠世含煤地层主要发育河流、三角洲和湖泊相;共识别出5个典型的层序界面,其中包括下伏雷口坡组与小塘子组之间的侵蚀不整合面,以及上覆珍珠冲组与须家河组之间的地层颜色突变面,在含煤地层内部的层序界面主要为下切谷砂体冲刷面;将晚三叠世含煤地层划分为四个三级层序,大致与小塘子组,须家河组一、二段,须家河组三、四段,须家河组五、六段相对应;以三级层序为作图单元,恢复了各层序的岩相古地理格局,主要的古地理单元为河流、曲流河三角洲和滨湖,从层序Ⅰ到层序Ⅳ滨湖范围明显缩小,河流及三角洲范围扩大;根据古地理格局可推测晚三叠世研究区主要物源为四川盆地西南的康滇古陆及东南的江南古陆,西北部龙门山及北部米仓山-大巴山对研究区影响不大;各层序煤层发育都较好,但分布有差异,层序Ⅰ和层序Ⅲ煤层较厚,煤层主要发育于分流间湾沉积中,其次为河流冲积平原沼泽和滨湖沼泽,聚煤中心主要在煤田的中部及东部,西部聚煤不好. 相似文献
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六盘水煤田是贵州的主要产煤区之一,地处黔南坳陷六盘水断坳内,含煤地层主要为上二叠统龙潭组、长兴组,含煤层数多、厚度大,含煤性由中部向西北、南东方向逐渐变差。区内含煤地层的发育主要与含煤岩系基底构造和成煤期岩相古地理有关,晚二叠世早期西部峨眉山玄武岩喷发对含煤岩系基底起到填平补齐作用。盘县—水城古断裂控制着陆相与过渡相的分界,进而控制着两侧含煤地层的含煤性,沉积古地理自西向东由陆相逐渐向海陆交互相过渡,盘县、水城一带聚煤中心为多期次聚煤作用叠加所致。由聚煤中心向西北(陆相)、东南(海相)方向,含煤性逐渐变差。 相似文献
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W.John Nelson Donald L. Eggert William A. Dimichele Amy C. Stecyk 《International Journal of Coal Geology》1985,4(4):355-370
Basal Pennsylvanian coal-bearing strata exposed along Roaring Creek, west-central Indiana, exhibit extreme lateral discontinuity. Coal seams abruptly change in thickness and elevation; they split, grade into shale, are cut out by channels and disrupted by soft-sediment deformational structures. Initial sediments were laid down by a network of southwest-flowing streams that traversed a deeply channelized upland surface of Mississippian carbonate rocks. Channels aggraded rapidly as uplands were worn down, so the region changed through time from uplands to upper deltaic plain. Local environments included channels, localized point bars, small natural levees and crevasse splays, overbank deposits, and swamps. Differential compaction and subsidence, slumping stream banks, and possibly collapsing sinkholes influenced sedimentation. As a consequence, coals are too discontinuous for economical mining, although they are locally thick and high in quality. 相似文献
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Fossil spores and pollen have long been recognized as valuable tools for identifying and correlating coal beds. This paper describes the palynology of late Middle Pennsylvanian coal beds in the Appalachian Basin with emphasis on forms that assist both intra- and interbasinal coal bed correlation.Stratigraphically important palynomorphs that originate in late Middle Pennsylvanian strata include Torispora securis, Murospora kosankei, Triquitrites minutus, Cadiospora magna, Mooreisporites inusitatus, and Schopfites dimorphus. Taxa that terminate in the late Middle Pennsylvanian include Radiizonates difformis, Densosporites annulatus, Dictyotriletes bireticulatus, Vestispora magna, and Savitrisporites nux. Species of Lycospora, Cirratriradites, Vestispora, and Thymospora, as well as Granasporites medius, Triquitrites sculptilis, and T. securis end their respective ranges slightly higher, in earliest Late Pennsylvanian age strata.Late Middle Pennsylvanian and earliest Late Pennsylvanian strata in the Appalachian Basin correlate with the Radiizonates difformis (RD), Mooreisporites inusitatus (MI), Schopfites colchesterensis–S. dimorphus (CP), and Lycospora granulata–Granasporites medius (GM) spore assemblage zones of the Eastern Interior, or Illinois Basin. In the Western Interior Basin, these strata correlate with the middle-upper portion of the Torispora securis–Laevigatosporites globosus (SG) and lower half of the Thymospora pseudothiessenii–Schopfites dimorphus (PD) assemblage zones. In western Europe, late Middle Pennsylvanian and earliest Late Pennsylvanian strata correlate with the middle-upper portion of the Torispora securis–T. laevigata (SL) and the middle part of the Thymospora obscura–T. thiessenii (OT) spore assemblage zones. Allegheny Formation coal beds also correlate with the Torispora securis (X) and Thymospora obscura (XI) spore assemblages, which were developed for coal beds in Great Britain. 相似文献
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D. R. Chesnut 《International Journal of Coal Geology》1996,31(1-4)
Coal production has been an important economic factor in the Central Appalachian Basin. However, regional stratigraphic and structural relationships of the coal-bearing rocks of the basin have been poorly understood due to numerous separate nomenclatural schemes employed by various states. In order to estimate coal resources and understand mechanisms controlling the distribution of coal within the basin, a reliable geologic framework is necessary. Seven detailed cross sections across the Central Appalachian Basin were constructed in order to examine the stratigraphic and structural framework of the coal-bearing rocks in the basin. The cross sections were based on more than 1000 oil and gas well logs, measured sections, and borehole information from Kentucky, Ohio, Tennessee, Virginia and West Virginia.The cross sections revealed three main points discussed here: southeast thickening of the Pennsylvanian strata, uncomfortable northwestward onlapping relationship of Lower Pennsylvanian strata over underlying Lower Pennsylvanian and Mississippian strata and regional continuity of beds. The cross sections, geologic mapping, coal-resource studies, extensive new highway exposures and the occurrence of tonstein beds indicate that many coal beds and marine strata are laterally extensive, albeit locally variable across the basin. Certain quartzose sandstone bodies are also extensive over large areas of the basin.Existing stratigraphic nomenclature schemes obscured the geologic framework of the basin, so a new unified nomenclature scheme was devised to better describe stratigraphic features of the basin. The new stratigraphic nomenclature, now only formalized for Kentucky, was based on key stratigraphic units that proved to be extensive across the basin. Lower and Middle Pennsylvanian rocks are now recognized as the Breathitt Group (the Breathitt Formation was elevated to group rank). The Breathitt Group was subdivided into eight coal-bearing formations by relatively thick marine strata, and, in the lower part of the Breathitt Group, by quartzose sandstone formations. The new coal-bearing units are formally ranked as formations and, in ascending order, are the Pocahontas, Bottom Creek, Alvy Creek, Grundy, Pikeville, Hyden, Four Corners and Princess Formations. The quartzose sandstone units are also formally ranked as formations and are, in ascending order, the Warren Point, Sewanee, Bee Rock and Corbin Sandstones. The sandstone formations were previously recognized units in some states, but have been extended (formally in Kentucky) across the basin. The key stratigraphic marine units are formally ranked as members, and are, in ascending order, the Betsie Shale Member, the Kendrick Shale Member, Magoffin Member and Stoney Fork Member. 相似文献
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贵州省晚三叠世地层分布在罗甸—贵阳—遵义—正安一线以西地区,主要为一套陆相或海陆相互相碎屑含煤沉积,厚87～2 400m。地层岩性、厚度变化较大,含煤性差异明显。通过对岩性、岩相、古生物和地层发育特征等分析研究,将全省晚三叠世地层划分为3个区：①黔西南区,地层出露较为齐全,地层厚度最大;②黔中南区,缺失了赖石科组和火把冲组,把南组相变为三桥组;③黔西北区,地层缺失较多,仅保存二桥组。在综合分析各分区地层岩性组合及地层相变与缺失规律的基础上,对该区含煤地层进行了对比。 相似文献
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A series of geochemical anomalies of Pt and Pd were found in 1 358 recombined samples from a geochemical stream sediment survey in eastern Yunnan (云南) Province, China. Chemical optical emission spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence analysis, and inductively coupled plasmas atomic emission spectrometry analyses of 22 elements and chemical compositions of 21 samples from coal-bearing strata from the Late Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic show Pt and Pd concentrated to some extent in coal rocks, with Pd/Pt相似文献
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在对赛汉陶来地区19口石油及煤田钻井地层岩性组合特征分析的基础上,总结了中生代不同构造单元的地层分布特征、含煤层段岩性特征及煤岩物理化学特征。含煤层段岩性组合为沉火山碎屑岩或再搬运的沉火山岩、泥岩夹煤层,具有典型裂谷盆地沉积特征。该套地层横向分布稳定,不同构造单元之间可进行对比,单井平均可采煤层的厚度为4.77m。煤岩演化程度较低,为不粘煤。含煤层段沉火山角砾岩获得的锆石年龄为295.0Ma±1.3Ma~303.4Ma±2.8Ma,对应地层为上石炭统—下二叠统干泉组。银额盆地赛汉陶来地区石炭系—二叠系含煤地层的发现不仅指示了良好的煤炭资源前景,并且对石炭纪—二叠纪盆地构造演化、沉积体系,以及石炭系—二叠系沉积埋藏史等基础地质问题的研究具有重要意义。 相似文献
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William A. DiMichele Tom L. Phillips W. John Nelson 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2002,50(1-4)
Coal balls were collected from four coal beds in the southeastern part of the Illinois Basin. Collections were made from the Springfield, Herrin, and Baker coals in western Kentucky, and from the Danville Coal in southwestern Indiana. These four coal beds are among the principal mineable coals of the Illinois Basin and belong to the Carbondale and Shelburn Formations of late Middle Pennsylvanian age. Vegetational composition was analyzed quantitatively. Coal-ball samples from the Springfield, Herrin, and Baker are dominated by the lycopsid tree Lepidophloios, with lesser numbers of Psaronius tree ferns, medullosan pteridosperms, and the lycopsid trees Synchysidendron and Diaphorodendron. This vegetation is similar to that found in the Springfield and Herrin coals elsewhere in the Illinois Basin, as reported in previous studies. The Danville coal sample, which is considerably smaller than the others, is dominated by Psaronius with the lycopsids Sigillaria and Synchysidendron as subdominants.Coal balls from the Springfield coal were collected in zones directly from the coal bed and their zone-by-zone composition indicates three to four distinct plant assemblages. The other coals were analyzed as whole-seam random samples, averaging the landscape composition of the parent mire environments. This analysis indicates that these coals, separated from each other by marine and terrestrial-clastic deposits, have essentially the same floristic composition and, thus, appear to represent a common species pool that persisted throughout the late Middle Pennsylvanian, despite changes in baselevel and climate attendant the glacial–interglacial cyclicity of the Pennsylvanian ice age. Patterns of species abundance and diversity are much the same for the Springfield, Herrin, and Baker, although each coal, both in the local area sampled, and regionally, has its own paleobotanical peculiarities. Despite minor differences, these coals indicate a high degree of recurrence of assemblage and landscape organization. The Danville departs dramatically from the dominance–diversity composition of the older coals, presaging patterns of tree–fern and Sigillaria dominance of Late Pennsylvanian coals of the eastern United States, but, nonetheless, built on a species pool shared with the older coals. 相似文献
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福建省晚古生代聚煤前的区域构造格架为三个地体：闽西北地体、闽西南地体及闽东地体。聚煤期构造特征(早古生代晚期)：加旦东运动沿政和——大埔深大断裂产生了海沟岛弧系俯冲；同时，沿温州——德化深大断裂产生海沟山弧俯冲，海沟岛弧系在晚古生代形成了福建二叠系含煤地层的中、西部条带，海沟山弧系形成了福建二叠系含煤地层的东部条带。聚煤后的构造特征(中生代)，由于印支运动产生新古太平洋板块，并在这时产生了二叠系含煤地层滑脱断层的雏形；燕山运动早期形成了二叠系含煤地层的盖层逆冲推覆构造，燕山运动晚期形成了二叠系含煤地层的基底逆冲推覆构造。 相似文献
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Analysis of stacked Permo‐Pennsylvanian palaeosols from north‐central Texas documents the influence of palaeolandscape position on pedogenesis in aggradational depositional settings. Palaeosols of the Eastern shelf of the Midland basin exhibit stratigraphic trends in the distribution of soil horizons, structure, rooting density, clay mineralogy and colour that record long‐term changes in soil‐forming conditions driven by both local processes and regional climate. Palaeosols similar to modern histosols, ultisols, vertisols, inceptisols and entisols, all bearing morphological, mineralogical and chemical characteristics consistent with a tropical, humid climate, represent the Late Pennsylvanian suite of palaeosol orders. Palaeosols similar to modern alfisols, vertisols, inceptisols, aridisols and entisols preserve characteristics indicative of a drier and seasonal tropical climate throughout the Lower Permian strata. The changes in palaeosol morphology are interpreted as being a result of an overall climatic trend from relatively humid and tropical, moist conditions characterized by high rainfall in the Late Pennsylvanian to progressively drier, semi‐arid to arid tropical climate characterized by seasonal rainfall in Early Permian time. Based on known Late Palaeozoic palaeogeography and current hypotheses for atmospheric circulation over western equatorial Pangea, the Pennsylvanian palaeosols in this study may be recording a climate that is the result of an orographic control over regional‐scale atmospheric circulation. The trend towards a drier climate interpreted from the Permian palaeosols may be recording the breakdown of this pre‐existing orographic effect and the onset of a monsoonal atmospheric circulation system over this region. 相似文献