首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 664 毫秒
1.
We analyze new observational data obtained at the 6-m telescope of the Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences with the multimode SCORPIO instrument and the Multi-Pupil Fiber Spectrograph for the group of galaxies NGC 7465/64/63. For one of the group members (NGC 7465), the presence of a polar ring has been suspected. We have constructed the large-scale brightness distributions, the ionized-gas velocity and velocity dispersion fields for all three galaxies as well as the line-of-sight velocity curves based on emission and absorption lines and the stellar velocity field in the central region for NGC 7465. As a result of our analysis of the data obtained, we have discovered an inner stellar disk (r ?? 0.5 kpc) and a warped gaseous disk in NGC 7465, in addition to the main stellar disk. Based on a joint study of our photometric and spectroscopic data, we have established that NGC 7464 is an irregular IrrI-type galaxy whose structural and kinematic peculiarities most likely resulted from its gravitational interaction with NGC 7465. The velocity field of the ionized gas in NGC 7463 turns out to be typical of barred spiral galaxies, and the warp of the outer parts of its disk could arise from a close encounter with one of the galaxies of the environment.  相似文献   

2.
Stellar photometry of images from the ACS and WFPC2 cameras on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) is used to study the star composition and spatial distribution of stars in three edge-on visible spiral galaxies: NGC 891, NGC 4144, and NGC 4244. Measurements of the surface number density of old stars revealed two stellar subsystems in these galaxies: a thick disk and a halo. The boundaries of these subsystems, which consist mainly of red giants, are determined from the change in the gradient of the number density of the stars. The halos are flattened at the poles of the galaxies and extend to distances of 8–25 kpc from the planes of the galaxies. The present results on the number density distribution of stars with different ages perpendicular to the planes of these galaxies make it possible to improve our model for the stellar structure of spiral galaxies. The distances to these galaxies are calculated using a determination of the tip of the red giant branches (the TRGB method): D = 9.82 Mpc (NGC 891), D = 7.24 Mpc (NGC 4144), and D = 4.29 Mpc (NGC 4244).__________Translated from Astrofizika, Vol. 48, No. 2, pp. 261–280 (May 2005).  相似文献   

3.
Based on archival Hubble Space Telescope images, we have performed stellar photometry of several fields in the isolated spiral galaxies NGC 6503 and NGC 6946 with high peculiar velocities. Based on the TRGB method, we have determined the distances to the galaxies: D = 6.30 ± 0.10 Mpc for NGC 6503 and D = 6.72 ± 0.15 Mpc for NGC 6946. The current stellar content of the galaxies does not differ from that of other similar galaxies. The metallicity for young stars in NGC 6503 is Z = 0.02 (corresponding to the solar metallicity), while the metallicity for stars in NGC 6946 reaches Z = 0.05. Very few old globular clusters have been found in NGC 6946, while they have not been found at all in NGC 6503. The number density distribution of stars with different ages in NGC 6503 does not differ from the analogous distributions in other galaxies. The large sizes of the thick disk in NGC 6503, which is clearly seen up to 6 kpc from the galactic disk plane and whose possible extension is noticeable up to 8.6 kpc from the plane, are a difference. The sizes of the region occupied by red giants of the disk in NGC 6503 are 51 × 17 kpc, which are not much larger than the sizes of this galaxy from H I radio observations.  相似文献   

4.
Photographic UBV photometry of NGC 2976, a low-luminosity member of the central M81 group of galaxies, is presented. Young stars in the central disk determine the optical view and the classification of this Sc(pec) galaxy. It is surrounded by a halo of an old population which contains nearly all the mass and half the luminosity of the system. This halo has some properties typical of spheroidal dwarf galaxies: an exponential brightness profile, an ellipticity trend of the isophotes typical of low-mass systems, and mass and luminosity near the upper limit of typical dwarfs. In the central population I disk, star formation proceeds in dense associations scattered irregularly in a broad ringlike region of 1.2 kpc radius just inside the turnover of the rotation curve. This star formation episode may last since some 108 a; it is possibly triggered by gas infall from the interstellar cloud generated during encounters between other group members in the central M81 group. A direct triggering by recent encounters is excluded since NGC 2976 is undisturbed in its outer parts.  相似文献   

5.
Results of spectroscopic and photometric studies for the locally isolated lenticular galaxy NGC 4124 are presented. A model of the mass distribution consistent with photometric data has been constructed on the basis of a kinematic analysis. In this model, the halo mass within the optical radius is almost half the diskmass. The disk is shown to be in a dynamical state close to amarginally stable one. This rules out dynamical disk heating for the galaxy through a strong external action or a merger with a massive system. However, the presence of a gaseous disk inclined to the main plane of the galaxy in the central kiloparsec region suggests probable cannibalization of a small satellite that also produced a late starburst in the central region. This is confirmed by the younger mean age (～2 Gyr) of the stellar population in the galaxy’s central region than the disk age (5–7 Gyr).  相似文献   

6.
The overall morphology of the barred spiral galaxy NGC 7479 is modelled in numerical simulations of a minor merger. Special attention is paid to the morphology and velocity field of the asymmetric spiral structure and the strong stellar bar. The mass of the satellite galaxy is 1/10 of the mass of the primary disc, or 1/30 of the total mass of the primary. The satellite is placed initially in a circular prograde orbit at six disc scalelengths from the centre of the primary. We follow the evolution of the merger until the secondary galaxy reaches the nuclear region of the primary. A comparison between the modelled and observed morphologies of the stellar and the ionized and neutral gas distributions and velocity fields supports the hypothesis that the transient look of NGC 7479 is a result of a minor merger. We vary several of the initial parameters of the merger and discuss their effects on the resulting morphology. The merging satellite galaxy is likely to lie within the bar of NGC 7479. We identify a possible candidate in the observational data. We discuss briefly the most probable future evolution of NGC 7479 in the light of our minor-merger simulations, and conclude that NGC 7479 is likely to evolve toward an earlier Hubble type.  相似文献   

7.
We present the results of our photometric (BV R) and spectroscopic CCD observations of NGC 304 and NGC 7625, candidate polar-ring galaxies, performed with the 6-m Special Astrophysical Observatory telescope. For NGC 304, such a study has been carried out for the first time. We have obtained basic integrated characteristics of the galaxies and determined their morphological types (S0 for NGC 304 and Sa for NGC 7625). The absolute magnitudes of the galaxies, M B = ?20m.81 for NGC 304 and M B = ?19m.34 for NGC7625, are indicative of their fairly high luminosities. The disk and bulge parameters have been determined forNGC 304 (µ0 = 20m.60, h = 3.86 kpc, µ e = 21m.59, r e = 1.26 kpc in the B band); these correspond to the parameters of S0-type objects. The rotation velocity for NGC 304 (200 km s?1) reaches its maximum at a galactocentric distance of 3.1 kpc, which yields a mass estimate for the galaxy of 2.8 × 1010 \(\mathcal{M}_ \odot \). The observed photometric features at the center of NGC 304 indicate that it may have an inner ring structure, although we have failed to confirm the existence of two kinematic systems based on our spectroscopic observations. In NGC 7625, the disk makes a dominant contribution to the total brightness. The derived integrated color indices (B-V = 0m.81 and V-R = 0m.61) agree with previous determinations of other authors. We have estimated the учештсешщт in the inner galactic regions. In the outer regions, we have detected structures with bluer colors (B-V = 0m.60), which may be indicative of a polar ring with a minor stellar component.  相似文献   

8.
This is the first paper of a series focused on investigating the star formation and evolutionary history of the two early-type galaxies NGC 1407 and NGC 1400. They are the two brightest galaxies of the NGC 1407 (or Eridanus-A) group, one of the 60 groups studied as part of the Group Evolution Multi-wavelength Study.
Here, we present new high signal-to-noise ratio long-slit spectroscopic data obtained at the ESO 3.6-m telescope and high-resolution multiband imaging data from the Hubble Space Telescope /Advanced Camera for Surveys and wide-field imaging from Subaru Suprime-Cam. We spatially resolved integrated spectra out to ∼0.6 (NGC 1407) and ∼1.3 (NGC 1400) effective radii. The radial profiles of the kinematic parameters v rot, σ, h 3 and h 4 are measured. The surface brightness profiles are fitted to different galaxy light models and the colour distributions analysed. The multiband images are modelled to derive isophotal shape parameters and residual galaxy images. The parameters from the surface brightness profile fitting are used to estimate the mass of the possible central supermassive black hole in NGC 1407. The galaxies are found to be rotationally supported and to have a flat core in the surface brightness profiles. Elliptical isophotes are observed at all radii and no fine structures are detected in the residual galaxy images. From our results, we can also discard a possible interaction between NGC 1400, NGC 1407 and the group intergalactic medium. We estimate a mass of  ∼1.03 × 109 M⊙  for the supermassive black hole in NGC 1407 galaxy.  相似文献   

9.
Our inzvestigation of the central region in NGC 4548, a bright Sb galaxy with a large-scale bar, using the Multipupil Field Spectrograph of the 6-m telescope revealed a chemically decoupled compact stellar nucleus with [Fe/H]=+0.6 and [Mg/Fe]=+0.1...+0.2 and with a mean stellar-population age of 5 Gyr. This nucleus, a probable circumnuclear disk coplanar with the global galactic disk, is embedded in the bulge whose stars are generally also young, T≈4 Gyr, although they are a factor of 2.5 more metal-poor. The bulge of NGC 4548 is triaxial and has a de Vaucouleurs surface-brightness profile; the unusual characteristics of its stellar population suggest the bulge formation or completion in the course of secular evolution in the triaxial potential of the global bar. The ionized gas within 3″ of the NGC 4548 nucleus rotates in a plane inclined to the principal symmetry plane of the galaxy, possibly, even in its polar plane, which may also result from the action of the large-scale bar.  相似文献   

10.
Based on deep Hubble Space Telescope ACS/WFC images, we have performed stellar photometry for the spiral and lenticular galaxies NGC 4921 and NGC 4923 in the Coma cluster. The derived Hertzsprung-Russell diagrams show that, apart from the stellar population, NGC 4921 has several thousand globular clusters. The asymmetry of their apparent distribution proves that NGC 4921 is in close spatial proximity to NGC 4923. We have determined the positions of the peaks for the luminosity functions of globular clusters in the two galaxies, which has allowed us to measure the distance to this pair (D = 97±5 Mpc). In many cases, compact star-forming regions at the periphery of NGC 4921 are located at the ends of extended (up to 1.5 kpc) radial gas and dust filaments. The metallicity of young stars in these star-forming regions is close to that of the Sun (Z = 0.02).  相似文献   

11.
We present a detailed photometric study of the cD galaxies NGC 4839 and NGC 4874 based on the technique of surface photometry by fitting ellipses to the isophotes of the galaxies in the u, g, r, i, and z bands using Data Release 7 (DR7) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). The motivation of this paper is to study the properties (e.g. break radius and surface brightness, color gradient, etc.) of the extended envelope of the two cD galaxies. The surface brightness profile in each band is obtained and fitted to the de Vaucouleurs r 1/4 model. A deviation of the observed profile brighter than the fitted r 1/4 model is noticed especially in the outer part of each galaxy. The profiles of ellipticity, position angle, B4 and shifts with respect to the center of each isophote are also obtained. The color index profiles, u-g, g-r, r-i, and i-z are also obtained and no significant color gradients are noticed except in the outer parts of the two galaxies. The integrated magnitude in each band and color indices are obtained and found to be in good agreement with the published ones.  相似文献   

12.
We present the velocity field of the stars in the central 25″ × 22″ of NGC 1068 derived from 2-D spectroscopy of the Ca II triplet. A preliminary analysis provides evidence for two distinct stellar systems in the centre of NGC 1068. In the outer regions (say r > 10″), the mean stellar velocity field seems coupled to those of the ionized and molecular gas, indicating aproximately regular rotation with the kinematic minor axis at PA ~ 0°. However, in the inner region, the stars are rotating, whereas the ionized gas is outflowing in the NE-SW direction probably due to the effects of the nuclear activity, and the molecular gas is responding to the bar potential. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

13.
Observations of three different sized regions centered on the optical jet spiral, NGC 1097 have been made with ROSAT. The PSPC observations show a striking excess of bright and medium flux X-ray sources around this hot spot nucleus, Seyfert 1 galaxy. The brightest of these sources are catalogued quasars which suggests the fainter X-ray sources are predominantly quasars also. If so, of the order of at least 10 and possibly considerably more X-ray quasars appear to be associated with NGC 1097 within a radius of 20. There is a marked segregation, with bright X-ray sources on the side of the bright optical jets and weak X-ray sources on the side of the fainter optical jets. Some, but not all, of this asymmetry could be accounted for by absorption in the plane of the spiral being tilted towards us on the weak source side. Both optical and X-ray evidence point to strong absorption in the disk of NGC 1097 which reaches far beyond the optical limits. High resolution imaging (HRI) of regions closer to NGC 1097 reveal some fainter pairs and lines of X-ray sources aligned across the nucleus near the cones defined by the optical jets. Filaments and patches of ultraviolet emission (1500–1700Å) appear to fill in the region between the strong optical jets in the direction of the bright X-ray quasars, suggesting physical association of the ultraviolet emission with the quasars and the galaxy. Finally, ROSAT SURVEY observations have been examined over a 4 × 4 degree field centered on NGC 1097. A line of X-ray sources going through the galaxy in the direction of the strongest optical jet includes a strong X-ray quasar with its X-ray isophotes extended toward NGC 1097. In approximately the opposite direction, 1.9 degrees distant, is a strong X-ray source (.5cts s-1) which is here identified with a 16.5 mag BL Lac object.  相似文献   

14.
We have investigated the central regions of the galaxies in the NGC 3169/NGC 3166/NGC 3156 group with the multipupil fiber spectrograph of the 6-m telescope; the first (central) galaxy in the group is a spiral (Sa) one and the other two galaxies are lenticular ones. The group is known to have an extended HI cloud with a size of more than 100 kpc that is associated in its position, orientation, and rotation with the central galaxy NGC 3169. The mean age of the stellar populations in the centers of all three galaxies has been found to be approximately the same, ～1 Gyr. Since the galaxies are early-type ones and since NGC 3166 and NGC 3156 show no global star formation, we are dealing here with a synchronous star formation burst in the centers of all three galaxies.  相似文献   

15.
We have investigated the gas and stellar kinematics and the stellar population properties at the center of the early-type galaxy NGC 4245 with a large-scale bar by the method of two-dimensional spectroscopy. The galaxy has been found to possess a pronounced chemically decoupled compact stellar nucleus, which is at least a factor of 2.5 richer in metals than the stellar population of the bulge, and a ring of young stars with a radius of 300 pc. Star formation goes on in the ring even now; its location corresponds to the inner Lindblad resonance of the large-scale bar. According to Hubble Space Telescope data, the mean stellar age in the chemically decoupled nucleus is significantly younger than that within 0″.25 of the center. It may be concluded that we take the former ultracompact star formation ring with a radius of no more than 100 pc located at the inner Lindblad resonance of the now disappeared nuclear bar as the chemically decoupled nucleus. On the whole, the picture of star formation at the center of this gas-poor galaxy is consistent with theoretical predictions of the consequences of the secular evolution of a stellar-gaseous disk under the action of a bar or bars.  相似文献   

16.
This is the second in a series of papers dedicated to unveiling the mass structure and orbital content of a sample of flattened early-type galaxies in the Coma cluster. The ability of our orbit libraries to reconstruct internal stellar motions and the mass composition of a typical elliptical in the sample is investigated by means of Monte Carlo simulations of isotropic rotator models. The simulations allow a determination of the optimal amount of regularization needed in the orbit superpositions. It is shown that under realistic observational conditions and with the appropriate regularization, internal velocity moments can be reconstructed to an accuracy of ≈15 per cent; the same accuracy can be achieved for the circular velocity and dark matter fraction. In contrast, the flattening of the halo remains unconstrained. Regularized orbit superpositions are applied to a first galaxy in our sample, NGC 4807, for which stellar kinematical observations extend to  3  r eff  . The galaxy seems dark-matter dominated outside   r > 2  r eff  . Logarithmic dark matter potentials are consistent with the data, as well as NFW profiles, mimicking logarithmic potentials over the observationally sampled radial range. In both cases, the derived stellar mass-to-light ratio ϒ agrees well with independently obtained mass-to-light ratios from stellar population analysis. The achieved accuracy is  Δϒ≈ 0.5  . Kinematically, NGC 4807 is characterized by mild radial anisotropy outside   r > 0.5  r eff  , becoming isotropic towards the centre. Our orbit models hint at either a distinct stellar component or weak triaxiality in the outer parts of the galaxy.  相似文献   

17.
In the frame of the Starburst model, we show that the stellar processes expected to occur during the evolution of a metal rich massive stellar cluster can reproduce the observed optical light curves of the Seyfert 1 galaxies NGC 4151 and NGC 5548.  相似文献   

18.
Numerical simulations of the disruption of a dwarf companion moving in the polar plane of a massive galaxy are presented. The constructed model is compared with observational data on the recently discovered low-surface-brightness stellar ring around the galaxy NGC 5907. Constraints on the ring lifetime (≤ 1.5 Gyr after the first approach of the galaxies), on the structure of the companion—the ring precursor, and on the mass of the dark halo of the main galaxy in whose gravitational field the companion moves are provided. The dark-halo mass within 50 kpc of the NGC 5907 center cannot exceed 3 or 4 “visible” masses.  相似文献   

19.
The purpose of our work is to strongly constrain the mass to light ratio in the disk of the flocculent isolated Sc type spiral NGC 4414 using a combined high resolution interferometric CO(1-0) and HI rotation curve, and deep HST B-V-I images of the galaxy. To identify the mass contributions of the visible – stellar and gaseous – components, we observed the rotation curve with high resolution in the optical disk. The M/L ratios we derive are low, about 1.5 in I band and 0.5 in K' band. The B and V band M/L ratios vary greatly due to absorption by dust, reaching 4 in the molecular ring and decreasing to about 1.6 –1.8 at larger radii. This unequivocally shows that models, like most maximum disk models, assuming constant M/L ratios in an optical waveband, simply are not appropriate. We illustrate this by making mock maximum disk models with a constant V band M/L ratio. The key is having the central light distribution unobscured such that it can be used to trace the mass. The K' band M/L ratio is virtually constant over the disk, suggesting that the intrinsic (unobscured) stellar M/L ratio is roughly constant. We use our knowledge of the visible mass distribution to test disk and halo dark matter models. Fitting an NFW (Navarro et al., 1996) halo to the rotation curve suggests that NGC 4414 is in a low mass concentrated halo typical of small galaxies and early halo formation times. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

20.
The existence of warps in lenticular galaxies has been confirmed. About 60% of a sample composed of 15 galaxies were found to be warped. Warping was detected in both the inner and outer regions of NGC 4270 and NGC 4503. Two galaxies have squeezed isophotes (NGC 4215 and NGC 4623).  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号