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1.
华南泥盆系－石炭系界线附近的珊瑚、有孔虫和牙形类及其地层意义 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
华南地区岩关阶依皱纹珊瑚可分为Ｃｅｒｉｐｈｙｌｌｕｍ－Ｃａｎｉｎｏｐｈｙｌｌｕｍｐａｔｕｌｕｍ（Ｇ－Ｃ）组合带、Ｃｙｓｔｏｐｈｙｒｅｎｔｉｓ（Ｃ）延限带和Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｕｒａｌｉｎｉａ（Ｐ）延限带及相应的有孔虫带和牙形类带（表１）。与法国一比利时盆地、英国和俄罗斯奥莫朗地区有关生物地层相比,Ｃ－Ｃ组合带与法一比盆地的ＲＣ１间隔带下部和英国的Ｋｍ－Ｋ１亚带大致相当;Ｃ延限带与ＲＣ１间隔带上部至ＲＣ２间隔带下部和英国的Ｋ２－Ｚ１亚带对比;Ｐ延限带与ＲＣ２间隔带上部至ＲＣ３奥佩尔带和英国的Ｚ方亚带至γ层对比。若以Ｐ延限带或所谓的＂Ｃ－Ｐ间隔带＂做为中国石炭系与泥盆系的分界标志,则石炭系的底界过于偏高。笔者认为Ｃ－Ｃ组合带或邵东组属于早石炭世地层。 相似文献
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黔南泥盆-石炭系界线层层序和海退事件 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
《地层学杂志》1986,(3)
<正> 种沉积类型。北侧的独山、平塘、惠水及长顺城关区等地属于浅海碳酸盐台地沉积,发育浅海底栖生态领域的生物群;该线以南的独山麻尾、长顺睦化、惠水王佑及罗甸一带,为碳酸盐盆地沉积,富含远洋半深海动物群。在两种沉积类型和生态领域里,泥盆-石炭系界线层的岩性、生物及相序均发生深刻变化,形成特征的泥盆-石炭系界线层剖面。 相似文献
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以贵州大坡上剖面和广西南边村剖面为基础,介绍了我国泥盆—石炭系界线年龄研究现状。桂林南边村剖面属于斜坡相重力流沉积,牙形类的演化序列有些混乱。虽然前人将泥盆—石炭系界线定在‘56层’与‘57层’之间,但这些 ‘层’号实际上是牙形类采样号。‘55层’—‘58层’是一层介壳灰岩,采集了4个牙形类样品。研究认为,将泥盆—石炭系界线置于该层介壳灰岩内不正确,在理论上也不科学,不能将介壳灰岩中的腕足类化石一分为二,即个体的下部属于晚泥盆世,上部属于早石炭世。用于测年的样品采自‘58层’和‘66层’,明显高于剖面中牙形类Siphonodella sulcata出现的层位,很显然,获得的（361.0±4.1）Ma界线年龄值不可信。贵州大坡上剖面属于深水盆地相沉积,也是我国唯一既产出Wocklumeria动物群又产出Gattendorfia动物群的剖面。刘永清等（2012）在王佑组底部2～4 cm厚的含凝灰岩黑色页岩中采集了1件凝灰岩测年样品,获得了1个锆石U-Pb测定年龄（359.6±1.9）Ma,该年龄值非常接近但又老于国际地层委员会2020年公布的（358.9±0.4）Ma的界线年龄值,表面看来,该年龄值基本可信,也是可接受的,但其误差较大、精度较差,需再次采样加以验证。研究认为,国际地层委员会公布的界线年龄值（358.9±0.4）Ma是可以接受的,而且泥盆纪末期事件层的年龄值在360.0～361.0 Ma区间同样也是可接受的。 相似文献
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O.S. Dzyuba E.B. Pestchevitskaya O.S. Urman B.N. Shurygin A.S. Alifirov A.E. Igolnikov I.N. Kosenko 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2018,59(7):864-890
The Maurynya section exposed on the northwestern margin of West Siberia is one of few continuous sections of the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary deposits in Boreal regions. In the meantime, it can be considered a reference section for the transitional Volgian-Ryazanian beds formed in shallow water environments of the West Siberian sea basin. This study is a synthesis of the new data with previous results of lithologic, paleontological, biostratigraphic, and (O, C, Sr) isotope studies of the Upper Volgian-lowermost Ryazanian of the Maurynya section. It has been established that the beginning of the Cretaceous (corresponding to the middle Late Volgian) is associated with a sharp increase in species number and diversity of cephalopods and bivalve mollusks on the northwestern margin of the West Siberian sea basin. This can be explained by an increase in its depths and their stabilization at a level which appeared optimal for the habitat of nekton, nektobenthos, and benthic fauna communities, superimposed on the general trend of warming. At the same time, the percentage of phytoplankton significantly increased, indicating the onset of transgression, which affected largely coastal landscapes and type of vegetation: The forests dominated by conifers were gradually succeeded by forests mostly composed of Ginkgoaceae. 相似文献
5.
L. Alegret I. Arenillas J. A. Arz C. Liesa A. Meléndez E. Molina A. R. Soria E. Thomas 《地学学报》2002,14(5):330-336
ABSTRACT In the El Mulato section (NE Mexico), the Upper Cretaceous marly Méndez and the Lower Palaeogene marly Velasco Formations are separated by a clastic unit. Benthic foraminifera from both marly formations indicate lower bathyal depths. The clastic unit, in contrast, contains platform sands, muddy pebbles and neritic (shallow) faunas mixed with microspherules, indicating that it was allochthonously deposited into the deep basin. The diversity and the variability in origin of the components in the clastic unit, and its sedimentological features, support a model of deposition by turbidity currents related to mass-wasting processes triggered by the Cretaceous/Tertiary (K/T) boundary impact. Planktic foraminifera were affected by a catastrophic extinction at the K/T boundary, whereas benthic foraminifera show reorganization of the community structure rather than significant extinction. The benthic faunal turnover may have resulted from the drop in primary productivity after the asteroid impact at the end of the Cretaceous. 相似文献
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贵州独山泥盆系－石炭系界线附近的遗迹化石 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
独山地区的革老河组和汤粑沟组中含有丰富的遗迹化石，可分为：Ｓｋｏｌｉｔｈｏｓ－Ｄｉｐｌｏｃｒａｔｅｒｉｏｎ，Ｒｈｉｚｏｃｏｒａｌｌｉｕｍ－Ｔｈａｌａｓｓｉｎｏｉｄｅｓ，Ｃｈｏｎｄｒｉｔｅｓ－Ｐａｌａｅｏｐｈｙｃｕｓ，Ｔｅｉｃｈｉｃｈｎｕｓ－Ｐｌａｎｏｌｉｔｅｓ，Ｐｌａｎｏｌｉｔｅｓ－Ｃｏｃｈｌｉｃｈｎｕｓ等５个反映不同沉积环境的遗迹组合，并在剖面上展现出较好的海平面变化。通过对遗迹组合所反映环境的研究，独山地区泥盆系－石炭系界线附近的沉积环境受脉动式海平面升降的影响和控制，界线可能在汤粑沟组底部钙泥质条带灰岩明显海退事件之上的第一次海进层附近。 相似文献
9.
贵州独山泥盆系－石炭系界线附近的遗迹化石 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
独山地区的革老河组和汤粑沟组中含有丰富的遗迹化石，可分为：Ｓｋｏｌｉｔｈｏｓ－Ｄｉｐｌｏｃｒａｔｅｒｉｏｎ，Ｒｈｉｚｏｃｏｒａｌｌｉｕｍ－Ｔｈａｌａｓｓｉｎｏｉｄｅｓ，Ｃｈｏｎｄｒｉｔｅｓ－Ｐａｌａｅｏｐｈｙｃｕｓ，Ｔｅｉｃｈｉｃｈｎｕｓ－Ｐｌａｎｏｌｉｔｅｓ，Ｐｌａｎｏｌｉｔｅｓ－Ｃｏｃｈｌｉｃｈｎｕｓ等５个反映不同沉积环境的遗迹组合，并在剖面上展现出较好的海平面变化。通过对遗迹组合所反映环境的研究，独山地区泥盆系－石炭系界线附近的沉积环境受脉动式海平面升降的影响和控制，界线可能在汤粑沟组底部钙泥质条带灰岩明显海退事件之上的第一次海进层附近。 相似文献
10.
<正> 塔里木盆地泥盆系—石炭系界线的划分,因缺乏足够的生物化石证据而长期存在争论。早期的界线划分更加注重和依赖地震地层、岩石地层研究及沉积旋回的划分(如周路等,1992)(表1)。依据塔里木盆地北部草2井东河砂岩中所产孢子和鱼化石的研究,赵冶信(1996)和朱怀诚等(1996)提出东河砂岩 相似文献
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Ostracode assemblages of the Poty quarry, Pernambuco-Paraíba Basin, northeastern Brazil, record an abrupt faunal change near the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary. Paleoecological and stable isotope analyses of ostracode carapaces were used to interpret the paleoenvironmental changes that took place from the Late Maastrichtian to the Early Danian. Ostracode distribution demonstrates substantial changes at and around the boundary with the last occurrences of most species and appearance of new ones. Stable isotope analyses carried out for four ostracode species distributed along the entire succession exhibit oscillations in the isotopic composition before the K-Pg boundary, thus suggesting that environmental changes may have begun slightly prior the boundary event itself. These changes may have triggered the extinctions that culminated at the K-Pg boundary, marked by positive δ18O and negative δ13C excursions. The K-Pg boundary is marked by cooling of bottom seawaters and a decrease in productivity, as well as the beginning of an extensive marine regression. 相似文献
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重庆二叠系-三叠系界线地层微生物岩新认识 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对重庆老龙洞二叠系-三叠系界线附近的微生物岩的研究,认为微生物岩的树枝状构造的形成有两种控制因素:(1)成岩作用,成岩流体对碳酸盐沉积物颗粒之间的孔隙及化石内部的孔隙的胶结作用,以及碳酸盐沉积物组分的重结晶作用,使受成岩作用影响的区域因晶体较粗在露头上表现为深颜色的树枝状和斑点状构造;(2)微生物的影响。在微生物富集的地方,微生物死亡腐烂后形成孔隙,成岩流体易于在这些区域运移,在孔隙中形成胶结物,使这些区域成为露头上颜色较深的树枝状和斑点状构造。岩石中的微生物化石形态不规则,在薄片上呈蝴蝶状、云朵状、不规则圆形的或者新月形等形状,大小在100～600μm之间,内部被方解石胶结物充填,没有保存任何内部构造。根据形态和大小,推测这种化石可能是某种细菌的菌落形成的。 相似文献
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V. V. Mitta V. A. Zakharov I. S. Barskov V. B. Sel’tser A. V. Ivanov 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2011,19(5):502-514
The analysis of all available data on the structure of the Bajocian-Bathonian boundary section in the outskirts of Saratov
(Sokur quarry) and the taxonomic composition of its ammonites, belemnites, and bivalves revealed a continuous succession of
the Pseudocosmoceras michalskii (Upper Bajocian), Oraniceras besnosovi, and Arcticoceras ishmae (Lower Bathonian) zones. In connection with the critique by Meledina et al. (2009), correlation of Bajocian and Bathonian
boundary strata of the Central Russia and Northern Siberia is discussed. The inconsistency of Siberian bivalve and belemnite
assemblages with Central Russian ammonite zones is explained by heterochronous invasions of different molluscan groups. 相似文献
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重庆老龙洞二叠系-三叠系界线地层的海平面下降事件 总被引：15，自引：4，他引：15
老龙洞的二叠系-三叠系界线地层剖面许多学者做过研究,关于其海平面变化问题的争论一直没有解决。本文的研究首次在该剖面上发现了明显的侵蚀面,说明曾经有海平面下降事件。对沉积环境的解释也有新的认识。该剖面在长兴期钙质海绵灰岩之上沉积了一套开阔台地相的沉积,其上是1.4m 厚的局限台地相沉积,具有斑点状构造。此层顶部出现一个波状起伏的侵蚀面。侵蚀面上下的岩性不同。此面之上是0.8m 厚的浅水的局限台地相沉积,具有树枝状的构造和外貌。此层顶面是一个更加明显的侵蚀面,起伏高差达到0.3m 以上。侵蚀面上下的岩性截然不同,以及其上岩石层理与侵蚀面的斜交关系,以及侵蚀面的形态把侵蚀面同缝合线区分开来。这个侵蚀面代表一次显著海平面下降事件之后的一次较长时间的出露和风化剥蚀。侵蚀面之上是透镜状分布的灰色的层状的小腹足类的颗粒岩,再上是一薄层灰黄色的泥粒岩,含丰富的小双壳类。此层以上是青灰色的薄板状的泥质灰泥岩,舍丰富的0.3～3mm 大小的、内部重结晶的同生角砾。 相似文献
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本文系统研究了长江下游地区(包括江苏、浙江和安徽)晚泥盆世和早石炭世孢子50属150余种。根据孢子在地层中的分布和演化规律,建立了7个孢子带,其中晚泥盆世3个带,早石炭世4个带。自下而上依次为:1)Rugospora flexuosa-Grandispora cornuta(FC)带;2)Vallatisporites pusillites-Retispora lepidophyta(PL)带;3)Retispora lepidophyta-Verrucosisporites nitidus(LN)带;4)Vallatisporites verrucosus-Retusotriletes incohatus(VI)带;5)Spelacotriletes pretiosus-Cingulizonates bialatus(PB)带;6)Schopfites claviger-Auroraspora macra(LN)带;7)Lycospora pusilla(PU)带。五通群下部观山组化石孢子丰富,时代相当西欧晚泥盆世法门阶(Famennian)Fa2c-Fa2d。泥盆系和石炭系界线置于陈家边组底部,即3带Retispora lepidophytaVerrucosisporites nitidus(LN)带和4带Vallatisporites verrucosus-Retusotriltes incohatus(VI))带之间。本文还深入讨论了沉积环境、微古植物地理区、国内外比较等问题。 相似文献
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Distribution of belemnites and benthic foraminifers in the Campanian-Maastrichtian boundary layers of the Aktulagai section, one of Upper Cretaceous reference sections in the east of the European paleobiogeographic region (EPR) is discussed. The base of Lanceolata Beds defined by A.D. Arkhangelsky in 1912 is well-substantiated biostratigraphic level corresponding to boundary between the Campanian and Maastrichtian stages. In spacious outcrops of Upper Cretaceous deposits in the Aktulagai Plateau (Aktyubinsk region, Kazakhstan Republic), “primitive Belemnella forms” (two rostra plates) appearing above that base distinctly replace the genus Belemnitella dominant in the Campanian. Seven successive zonal assemblages of benthic foraminifers (one plate) are established in the boundary interval. The Aktulagai reference section of Upper Cretaceous sediments can be used to trace the Campanian-Maastrichtian boundary from the eastern EPR to Boreal regions of Russia based on abundant micro-and nannofossils. 相似文献
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The boundary between the last two geological epochs, the Pleistocene and the Holocene, is placed at 'the date 10,000 B.P., measured in radiocarbon years'. In the European chronostratigraphy, this corresponds to the Younger Dryas/Preboreal boundary, the pollen zone III/IV boundary and the Late Glacial/Postglacial boundary. The stratal sequence in the Botanical Garden of Gothenburg is proposed as a suitable boundary-stratotype of the Pleistocene/Holocene that fulfils the stratigraphical rules of marine environment and accessibility. A core, labelled B 873, has been analyzed for multiple parameters by various authors. The suggested Pleistocene/Holocene boundary in Core B 873 is indicated by a lithologic boundary, a palynological change tentatively correlated with the pollen zone III/IV boundary, and a distinct palaeomagnetic intensity maximum, the 'Gålön Magnetic Intensity Maximum', identified in numerous other cores at the Younger Dryas/Preboreal boundary and at the drainage of the Baltic Ice Lake in varved clay sequences (with the peak dated at the drainage ±4 varves). This boundary is closely radiocarbon dated at 10,000 B.P. (10,000–9950 B.P.) in terrestrial-lacustrine sequences within the proposed type area in Gothenburg and in Southern Sweden, the established type region for the Pleistocene/Holocene boundary. The corresponding varve date is 9965 varves B.P. (De Geer's varve –1073). The various parameters directly and indirectly connected with the study of Core B 873 make global correlations possible. Because every region has its own local characteristics, however, it will be necessary to establish regional type sections, hypostratotypes. 相似文献
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云南永德鱼塘寨石炭－二叠系界线剖面的生物地层学及沉积环境 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
云南永德鱼塘寨石炭－二叠界线剖面沉积连续、化石丰富，可作为滇西地区的代表性剖面，自石洞寺组至草坝山头组底部灰岩可划分出１６种主要的碳酸盐微相类型，分别形成于外陆架、中陆架和内陆架环境。 相似文献