共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 750 毫秒
1.
Karsten Rink Thomas Fischer Benny Selle Olaf Kolditz 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,69(2):469-477
Over the course of hydrological research projects often a large number of heterogeneous data sets are acquired from sources as diverse as boreholes, gauging stations or satellite imagery. This data then need to be integrated into models for the simulation of hydrological processes. We propose a framework for exploration of geoscientific data and visually guided preparation of such models. Data sets from a large number of sources can be imported, combined and validated to avoid potential problems due to artefacts or inconsistencies between data sets in a subsequent simulation. Boundary conditions and domain discretisations for surface and subsurface models can be created and tested regarding criteria indicating possible numerical instabilities. All data sets including simulation results can be integrated into a user-controlled 3D scene and aspects of the data can be enhanced using a number of established visualisation techniques including thresholding and user-defined transfer functions. We present the application of this framework for the preparation of a model for simulation of groundwater flow in a river catchment in southwest Germany investigated in the scope of the WESS project. 相似文献
2.
We present a framework that allows users to apply a number of strategies to view and modify a wide range of environmental data sets for the modelling of natural phenomena. These data sets can be concurrently visualised to find inconsistencies or artefacts. This ensures at an early stage that models set up for the simulation of hydrological or thermal processes will not give implausible results due to complications based on input data. A number of generally applicable visualisation techniques are provided by our framework to help researchers detect potential problems. We also propose a number of mapping algorithms for the integration of multiple data sets to resolve some of the most common issues. Techniques for the presentation of input- and modelling data in combination with simulation results are proposed with respect to the benefits of visualisation of environmental data within specialised environments. The complete workflow from input data to presentation is demonstrated based on a case study in Central Germany. We identify typical problems, propose approaches for a suitable data integration for this case study and compare results of the original and modified data sets. 相似文献
3.
空间信息技术的发展及其在地球科学中的应用 总被引：35，自引：1，他引：34
空间信息技术有两个分支：其一是空间图形信息技术,即地理信息系统（ＧＩＳ）;其二是地质统计学。两种技术在本质上是相通的。ＧＩＳ的核心是建立图形元素的拓扑关系与建立空间数据库与属性数据库的联动关系。正是立足于这两个重要关系,使对千变万化的地学图形信息进行灵活高效的编辑、检索与显示成为可能。在迄今为止所有的计算机应用系统中,ＧＩＳ无疑将在地学中产生最重要的影响。地质统计学是一种空间数字处理技术,它是传统统计学的空间版本。用包含多元统计学的传统统计方法研究地质问题存在严重的缺陷,因为传统统计学忽略变量的空间存在,而地质过程具有强烈的空间性。地质统计学恰恰是立足于变量的空间关系发展起来的统计科学,因此它特别适用于地球科学。正如空间图形与空间数字可以相互转换一样,两种空间信息技术也存在内在的关系。利用ＧＩＳ与地质统计学这两种空间信息技术,使我们能不断地在空间图形与空间数字这两种状态间穿越。空间信息技术为地质学家在进行矿产资源预测、物化遥数据分析、地质环境评价、地质灾害评价与矿产资源管理等方面提供了强有力的工具。空间信息技术特别适合于地球科学,它不仅能大幅度地提高地球科学对图形的编制和研究的效率和水平,而且也将转变传统的? 相似文献
4.
《Engineering Geology》2002,63(1-2):121-129
An important factor in the restoration studies of quarries and open-cast mines is the ability of generating final restored models of visualisation. These 3-D models are particularly useful for presenting projects, as they can greatly enhance the analysis of different alternatives. A method involving several subroutines for simulation purposes is presented in this paper. The system allows for the simulation of a variety of geological structures, both real and restored. The subroutines facilitate: (1) the automatic integration between the restoration structure and its geotechnical and morphological parameters, (2) the achievement of a uniform slope, and (3) the adjustment of the talus of the restoration structure to the relief. Graphic output in DXF and VRML formats allows for both static and dynamic optimal visualisation. Readers interested in subroutines written in Visual Basic can contact the first author: victor@geo.ub.es. 相似文献
5.
岩石圈研究的重要问题与研究方向 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
岩石圈研究是８０年代和９０年代国际地球科学研究的前沿课题。地球４６亿年的历史记录有９５％都保存在大陆岩石圈中。大陆和大陆边缘岩石圈的研究最具挑战性吸引力。文中笔者简述了研究岩石圈的现代地球物理方法技术,岩石圈研究已取得的重大进展,全球地学断面图的编制和综合研究,大陆动力学热点研究,大陆科学钻探工作,岩石圈生物圈计划,同时介绍了青藏高原的研究状况。青藏高原是全球地球科学家从事研究的最佳野外实验室,它的隆升对亚洲及全球都有重大影响。 相似文献
6.
《Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part A: Solid Earth and Geodesy》1999,24(3):197-199
The overall acceptance and easy access to the World Wide Web (WWW) makes it to an interesting media for the exchange of a wide range of research information. But unfortunately there is no fully functional Internet technique available for real interactive 3D visualisation up to now. The basic WWW concept, high net traffic and slow Internet servers prevent the interactive exchange of large 3D-datasets. Techniques which supports offline rendering may become a solution to work around these problems until more satisfying techniques for interactive work in the WWW are available. 相似文献
7.
地学数据文件向Shapefile文件的转换 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
在地学领域中,为了利用Arc／Info软件的空间分析、查询和可视化功能,以便对地学信息进行分析和提取,地学信息的导入是很关键的一步。Shapefile是Arc／Info支持的数据模型,这里对地学资料转换成Shapefile的几种途径进行了讨论,指出存在的问题和局限性,并给出了一种通过编程将数据文件转换成Shapefile文件的方法。该方法具有灵活、简单的特点。 相似文献
8.
地球科学是以观测为基础的科学.当前, 如何克服城市化、工业化、现代化发展带来的噪音干扰, 提高观测的信噪比, 成为地球科学发展的重要课题之一.开展深井观测是解决地面噪音干扰的主要途径.近年来, 随着地球系统科学研究的深入以及解决环境、资源、防灾等科学问题的需求, 世界大陆、大洋科学钻探工程研究以及在钻孔深井内进行的地球物理长期观测得到飞速发展, 并取得了初步的观测研究成果.本文介绍了世界各国在深井长期观测方面的最新进展, 展示了中国大陆科学钻探工程在江苏东海现场开展深井地球物理综合观测的方案及其观测研究前景.东海深井长期观测站将成为中国第一个无地面干扰的综合性深井地震、地球物理实验观测站, 它是实现我国“入地”科学计划的重要基础, 将开创我国21世纪地球科学观测研究的崭新局面. 相似文献
9.
大地构造学是现今地质学研究的热门学科,大陆裂谷构造属于大地构造的研究范畴。本文从裂谷沉积作用与成矿的简单联系和由于先存下地壳组构对大陆裂谷构造的影响两方面介绍了国外对大陆裂谷研究的情况。作者指出：大地构造学的研究需借助假定的模式或实验模型,但不能局限于其中;大地构造学的各个研究领域都存在着挑战,地质学的研究需要进一步完善。 相似文献
10.
地质图件及其附属资源（如描述文本）作为地质知识的重要存储媒介,蕴含着大量的地学知识及专家经验知识及隐式知识。快速精准地对多模态地质数据进行知识规范化定义、形式化表达、语义化关联和精准化推理是目前地学知识抽取及挖掘的前沿。当前,海量的地学数据中图件及附属描述信息知识分布零散,图件中的信息无法有效地与描述信息进行关联并提供知识服务。本文以多模态地质数据为数据源,建立了多源数据驱动下的地质图知识表达模型,通过地质基础知识、规则知识及决策知识来表达图件中蕴含的显隐式地质知识,从语义、空间、属性三个维度表示地质对象间的关系;并基于领域知识针对地质图件及描述信息开展了地质实体及关系的精准抽取及存储研究,最后以江西省于都县银坑幅G50E011007图幅150000矿产地质调查矢量数据为例进行了验证与分析,实验结果验证了本文所提出的知识表达模型及知识抽取方法, 能够较好地解决地质知识建模中图文关联弱、知识挖掘不充分等问题。 相似文献
11.
数学地质已经为我国地球科学研究作出了杰出的贡献。随着信息技术的发展,数学地质的信息化程度也越来越高,称之为＂数字地质＂。分析了数字地质的发展,介绍了目前数字地质的研究现状及在我国的实际应用。 相似文献
12.
在定义地质档案资料范畴的基础上,阐述了在依法做好地质档案资料汇交工作中要注意做好几个方面工作的同时,重点论述了如何开展馆藏地质档案资料的开发利用工作,并在此基础上提出了宣传型、服务型、编辑型、技术型、转化型及计算机型等6种具体的开发地质档案资料的方式方法,以达进一步开发利用地质档案资源之目的.使其更好地为地质找矿、科研、教学及国民经济建设服务. 相似文献
13.
L. Paul BEDARD 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1994,18(1):101-103
Comparison of analytical results obtained for geochemical reference samples with accepted results is tedious and error prone. Graphical representation facilitates comparison. Nevertheless, currently used diagrams lack representativeness when a wide range of concentrations are studied. A newly designed graph representing normalized results against concentrations is proposed. It allows comparison of a wide range of concentrations and helps detect analytical problems for particular ranges of concentrations. 相似文献
14.
《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2021,132(5):605-619
Using outlines of ten geodiversity-related topics plus some related studies, this paper argues that geodiversity has contributed to many new insights, new avenues of research and new results. The ten topics are: Celebrating, Assessment and Measurement, Geosystem Services, Biodiversity, Geomaterials, Geotourism and Leisure, Geoheritage, National Geoconservation, World Heritage Sites and Global Geoparks, and Sustainability. It is concluded that geodiversity is a) a global, as well as regional/local concept, b) more than just related to biodiversity, important though that is, c) absolutely central to any relationship between the geology-related topics (‘Gs’). It is therefore argued that geodiversity is not a ‘redundant term’ as recently suggested but instead is a significant, multi-faceted and evolving, geoscientific paradigm. 相似文献
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16.
小秦岭元古界剖面的保护及意义 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
处于中国南北元古界之衔接部位的小秦岭元古界剖面具有重要的科研价值，1982年列为陕西省自然保护点，已采取了有效的保护措施予以保护，还应进一步提高研究、开发和保护水平。 相似文献
17.
Visual data exploration for hydrological analysis 总被引：6，自引：6，他引：0
Hydrological research projects for integrated water resources management such as the IWAS initiative often accumulate large
amounts of heterogeneous data from different sources. Given the number of partners taking part in such projects, surveying
and accessing the available data sets, as well as searching for a defined subset, becomes increasingly difficult. We propose
an integrated approach for a system combining visual data management and numerical simulation which allows to survey and select
data sets based on keywords such as a region of interest or given indicators. An adequate 3D visualisation of such subsets
helps to convey information and significantly supports the assessment of relations between different types of data. Furthermore,
the interface between the visual data management system and finite element codes allows for the straightforward integration
of information into the numerical simulation process and the subsequent visualisation of simulation results in a geographical
context. We demonstrate typical workflows for integration and processing within the system based on data from the IWAS model
region in Saudi Arabia and the TERENO Bode Observatory in the Harz Mountains in Germany. In addition, we present examples
for data import and export based on established standard file formats. 相似文献
18.
Joao P.A. Silva Cristiano Lana Ariela Mazoz Ian Buick Ricardo Scholz 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2023,47(1):49-66
U-Pb Saturn is new freeware for U-Pb LA-ICP-MS data reduction. It has been developed to provide easy interaction with and visualisation of LA-ICP-MS U-Pb datasets, and allows fast and reliable data reduction of hundreds of data-points. Saturn offers dynamic graphic interfaces to quickly view, evaluate, and plot U-Pb and Pb-Pb isotope data. It operates online (or offline), giving the freedom to change parameters and reprocess data at any stage of data acquisition. The main interface allows the user to: (1) choose the best statistics for drift correction, (2) include/exclude offset factors and (3) apply (or not) Pbc corrections in different modes. Signal intensities are displayed in a separate graphic interface that allows users to interact with the time-resolved signal of individual spot analyses. All graphic windows are interactive; any modification to data treatment (e.g., inclusion or exclusion of analyses of reference material, or modification of the time-resolved signal windows) is instantaneously updated on the data tables. Saturn is particularly attractive for beginners in LA-ICP-MS U-Pb geochronology as it is non-commercial, easy to install, and very interactive. Coding information and a version of the software can be accessed at http://www.air.ufop.br . 相似文献
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Mathematical Geosciences - Three-dimensional geological structure analysis is fundamental to geoscientific research. With the application of artificial intelligence in geological structure... 相似文献