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1.
河南省几个中生代地层问题的讨论 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
笔者认为潭头盆地白垩系和古近系的地层序列(由下而上)应为:秋扒组、高峪沟组、潭头组、大峪组。汝阳凹陷白垩系和古近系的地层序列(由下而上)应为:九店组、下河东组、郝岭组、上东沟组、石台街组。通过岩石地层、生物地层及沉积学等方面的探讨,认为潭头盆地K—T界线目前只能认为是"平行不整合"。汝阳凹陷含恐龙等生物群的郝岭组的地质时代应为早白垩世中晚期。马市坪盆地的南召组与马市坪组的接触关系不是"假整合",而是"整合接触",其地层年代为早白垩世。 相似文献
2.
在河南省汝阳盆地原划分的古近系始新统"蟒川组"中新发现了大量的恐龙化石。这个动物群主要以植食性的巨型、大型蜥脚类恐龙为主,兼有鸭嘴龙类及肉食性小型兽脚类、大型肉食龙类为辅的恐龙动物群,经初步研究确认至少有10种以上新属种恐龙,还有大量的恐龙蛋壳、龟鳖类、双壳类、植物类等丰富的动植物化石,被称为"汝阳巨型蜥脚类恐龙动物群"。该动物群代表了我国早白垩世晚期至晚白垩早期的恐龙动物群,其分异程度也比以前想象的高得多。而轮藻、介形虫和孢粉等微体化石组合特征、地层叠合关系和区域对比等综合分析,更多显示了汝阳盆地赋存恐龙化石的地层时代为早白垩世中晚期的特征。无疑,汝阳盆地原划分为始新世的"陈宅沟组"、"蟒川组"应为白垩纪,至于是早白垩世中晚期或是晚白垩世早期,还需要更多的证据才能确定。 相似文献
3.
河南省汝阳盆地白垩系的发现及意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
汝阳盆地是河南豫西地区的一个中—新生代盆地,地质学界把汝阳盆地九店组以上的一套碎屑岩系对比划分为古近系陈宅沟组、蟒川组、石台街组。2006年以来,在原划分的古近系蟒川组中发现了"汝阳巨型蜥脚类恐龙动物群",因此有必要对该套碎屑岩系进行重新认识。通过在该区进行的大比例尺地质填图和剖面测制,对采集的微体、无脊椎动物和脊椎动物化石鉴定及放射性同位素测年、稳定同位素、地球化学、岩石簿片等样品分析,认为分布于汝阳盆地中部(上店—刘店地区)的这套碎屑岩系的原"陈宅沟组、蟒川组"应改划为白垩系。本文新建白垩系下河东组、郝岭组、上东沟组来代表这一套含恐龙化石的碎屑岩系。 相似文献
4.
《地层学杂志》2016,(3)
为厘定浙江省天台县天台盆地含恐龙骨骼及蛋化石地层的时代,在赋存恐龙骨骼及蛋化石的赖家组和赤城山组陆相红层中选取了晶屑凝灰岩夹层,分别进行了精确的锆石SHRIMP和LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年。结果显示,赖家组中上部和赤城山组中部晶屑凝灰岩(夹层)的成岩时代分别为100±1 Ma和92±1 Ma,表明赖家组沉积于早白垩世晚期—晚白垩世早期,而赤城山组形成于晚白垩世,二者连续沉积构成了天台盆地含恐龙骨骼和蛋化石的地层;据此推断,与赖家组呈整合接触的下伏塘上组地层的形成时代早于早白垩世晚期(100 Ma),而天台盆地恐龙的灭绝时代晚于晚白垩世早期(92 Ma)。上述研究结果亦可为开展天台盆地与浙东其他盆地之间进行地层划分对比可靠的年代学依据。 相似文献
5.
记述了产自河南汝阳盆地早白垩世晚期相互关联的禽龙类9个中前部尾椎椎体化石。由于化石只保存不完整的尾椎部分,其属种难以断定。但它的发现说明,汝阳巨型蜥脚类恐龙动物群中,除了植食性的大型蜥脚类恐龙外,也存在大型鸟脚类恐龙——禽龙类。保存的尾椎椎体系列与发现于比利时的早白垩世贝尼萨尔禽龙相比,不论是大小还是形态构造上均极为相似,从而判断这9个连续的尾椎体分别为第7到第15尾椎。进而推断,河南汝阳盆地产出巨型蜥脚类恐龙动物群化石的沉积地层形成于早白垩世晚期。 相似文献
6.
近30年来, 燕河营盆地中生代沉积地层一直以1∶20万区域地质调查报告或地质志所厘定的早白垩世九佛堂组为基准。经过1∶5万区域地质调查工作, 从层位、岩性组合、层序、年代及生物组合等方面对该套地层进行了系统研究, 认为该地层与区域上九佛堂组与义县组指状交互关系不符, 而岩石组合和沉积旋回也与区域上九佛堂组难以对比。采集的叶肢介化石属于Yanjiestheria-Orthestheria属组合, 其壳饰特征在叶肢介演化史上属进步类型, 被认为指示早白垩世的时代。本文将义县组之上的这套河湖相沉积地层时代划归早白垩世晚期, 并依据岩性组合和沉积层序等特征将其对比为南天门组。 相似文献
7.
西藏羌塘盆地以发育中生代海相地层为特征,成为近年来油气勘探的重要区块。对于整个盆地的中生代海相沉积是否跨入早白垩世过去仍存在一些争议。本次在光明湖一带的白龙冰河组上部采集到大量早白垩世化石,证实了该组沉积晚期已跨入早白垩世,为区域上与该组同时异相的其它中生代地层沉积时代的进一步厘定提供了新的化石依据。对整个羌塘盆地晚侏罗世—早白垩世沉积古地理的研究,以及羌塘盆地早白垩世海相地层的圈定和油气地质条件的探讨具有重要意义。 相似文献
8.
本文系统的总结了西北地区陆相侏罗—白垩纪的生物地层。反映了笔者对其沉积特征、生物群、时代隶属、地层对比和早白垩世的古气候—沉积—生物地理区的划分等方面的认识。西北地区的陆相侏罗纪沉积,随着地质历史的发 相似文献
9.
研究区中、新生代火山喷发作用频繁,火山岩分布广泛,火山、沉积地层命名不一,层位及其与主要含煤地层的关系存在争议。通过对区内义县组、吐呼噜组、冮台山组、榆树沟组、大兴庄组和大凌河组等火山岩的野外调查研究和采样,用SHRIMP法进行了U-Pb同位素年龄测定,得出仅1块样品年代属古近纪,其他10块样品的U-Pb同位素年龄都在115.5～132Ma,且大多数集中在125～127Ma,时代应属早白垩世中期。早白垩世火山-沉积岩系按岩性、岩相和层序自下而上可分为4个喷发-沉积旋回:义县组-金刚山组旋回、吐呼噜组-九佛堂组旋回、榆树沟组(冮台山组)旋回和沙海组-阜新组旋回。义县组总体为裂隙式喷发的玄武安山岩、粗安岩和粗面岩夹湖相沉积岩,吐呼噜组为中心式喷发的英安岩,冮台山组为裂隙式玄武安山质潜火山岩,金刚山组和九佛堂组是火山喷发间歇期的湖相沉积,沙海组、阜新组是火山活动期后的含煤沉积。研究区东部彰武—黑山一带广泛分布的大兴庄组火山岩与阜新盆地南部义县县城附近义县组火山岩的年龄相当,都比主要含煤地层八道壕组(沙海组)的时代要老,而所谓覆盖在含煤地层之上的晚白垩世大凌河组火山岩实际是早白垩世火山岩,时代比含煤地层更老,据此否定了火山岩覆盖之下寻找早白垩世煤的希望。 相似文献
10.
黑龙江沿岸晚白垩世恐龙生物群化石产地的初步预测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据对黑龙江沿岸孙吴、逊克和嘉荫保兴-炮台店一带晚白垩世地层与嘉荫乌拉嘎、龙骨山等含恐龙化石群的渔亮子组(K2y)等对比及在前三个地区已发现部分恐龙化石的线索,初步预测孙吴北部、逊克东南部和嘉荫保兴-炮台店等三地区可能为较大规模的恐龙化石群产地。预测区含恐龙化石的晚白垩世地层均属河流-湖泊相沉积,除恐龙外,尚可能发现叶肢介、介形类、鱼、龟鳖类、鳄、鸟类及被子植物等伴生化石。上述地区下伏于渔亮子组的太平林场组(K2t)和永安村组(K2yn)等地层,也有含恐龙化石的可能性。 相似文献
11.
云南开远地区中三叠统法郎组是区内唯一的含锰地层,含锰层主要位于法郎组一段和二段粉砂质泥岩内,主体呈北东走向,与地层产状一致,局部受构造运动影响发生变化,锰矿地质特征可与斗南锰矿进行对比。通过对区内法郎组地层、岩相古地理及锰矿成矿地质特征进行研究,初步总结了锰矿成因,认为区内锰矿受地层、构造、古地理环境及锰质来源等控制。锰质主要来源于海盆周围的古陆及火山活动,构造控制古地理环境,环境控制锰矿的形成与分布。 相似文献
12.
萨拉乌苏组沉积时代的重新厘定 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
重新认识我国北方地区晚更新世河湖相标准地层--萨拉乌苏组的形成时代，对于萨拉乌苏组与马兰黄土的关系，与冰期气候对比等具有重要意义。笔者近年来根据野外层位对比和地层沉积相的划分，采用绝对年代控制，并结合黄土－古土壤序列研究的最新成果，初步建立了可以与黄土、深海沉积记录和冰期气候波动对比的萨拉乌苏组地层序列。认为河湖相沉积的萨拉乌苏组形成于约１４００００～７００００ａ.Ｂ.Ｐ.的末次间冰期，大致与深海氧同位素第５阶段对应，与黄土高原古土壤Ｓ１发育同期。城川组风成细砂形成于约７００００～１００００ａ.Ｂ.Ｐ的末次冰期，与黄土高原的马兰黄土是同期异相地质体. 相似文献
13.
九瑞矿集区是长江中下游成矿带中一个最重要的铜金多金属矿集区,区内发育了城门山铜矿、武山铜矿、洋鸡山金矿等重要的多金属矿床。本文对该区域的城门山和望夫山两个剖面的疑源类化石及碎屑锆石开展了详细研究,在城门山剖面原来被认为是志留纪西坑组的地层中发现了化石面貌为新元古代或早寒武世的化石,结合碎屑锆石U-Pb定年工作,推测其时代为早寒武世,该地层与上覆地层泥盆系五通组之间存在一个明显的角度不整合。望夫山剖面仍旧为正常志留纪西坑组地层,疑源类化石和碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学研究表明九瑞西坑组沉积时代应该晚于特列奇阶。九瑞矿集区“扬子抬升”的开始时间应该晚于特列奇阶,结束时间应该晚于中泥盆世早期。 相似文献
14.
河北宣化姜家寨铁矿床串岭沟组底部碎屑锆石LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄及其地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
宣龙式铁矿是我国北方最重要的沉积型铁矿床。华北克拉通长城系串岭沟组底部砂页岩是宣龙式铁矿床的赋存层位,对该地层的年代学研究有助于深入完善长城系地层年代框架、认识区域成岩成矿过程并反演克拉通的演化历史。本文对河北宣化姜家寨铁矿床串岭沟组底部铁矿体顶板砂页岩中碎屑锆石进行了LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学研究,获得了三组主要的峰值年龄,加权平均年龄分别为1774.1±7.9Ma、1849.0±7.8Ma和2453.0±7.8Ma。揭示出华北克拉通中部带经历了三期较为重要的地质构造、岩浆作用和变质作用事件。在串岭沟组下部砂岩中我们获得了4颗较年轻的岩浆碎屑锆石,年龄为1657.4～1694.4Ma,代表了串岭沟组底部形成的时间下限,制约了姜家寨宣龙式铁矿床的形成时代不早于1657Ma。对比研究得出,1774.1Ma的峰值年龄数据与华北克拉通内18亿年后广泛发育的基性岩墙群的形成时代一致,代表了华北克拉通的在拼合后的抬升事件时间。在1.8～1.6Ga华北克拉通拉张期间形成了大庙式等钒钛磁铁矿-磷灰石铁矿(1720Ma左右)。基于时间和区域的一致性,我们推断,遭受抬升剥蚀的富铁基性岩墙群不仅是串岭沟组的物源之一,极有可能也是宣龙式铁矿床中铁质的主要物源之一。 相似文献
15.
扬子地块莲沱组及相当地层单元的划分和对比,一直是我国南华系（即Cryogenian）研究关键难题之一.新元古代裂谷盆地开启早期,构造-沉积分异作用,同裂谷相变很大,使得盆地边缘区地层序列不完整.过分依赖岩石地层单元对比,历存分歧,典型的就是关于莲沱组与板溪群地层对比、时代归属以及莲沱组的沉积环境问题.本文通过对扬子地块东南缘莲沱组沉积古环境分析和锆石U-Pb精确定年,认为莲沱组沉积时限为790~720 Ma,相当于板溪群中上部,是华南新元古代裂谷盆地沉积充填序列的第Ⅱ旋回.莲沱组顶部U-Pb最小年龄约720 Ma,制约了扬子地块Sturtian冰期的启动年龄≤720 Ma.通过对中扬子地块从北向南展布的莲沱组陆相-海陆过渡相-海相不同的沉积单元岩相组合的沉积特征观察研究,分析沉积环境并建立了沉积模式;莲沱组及休宁组碎屑锆石记录了莲沱组沉积时该盆地在780~760 Ma经历了持续热隆升与地层剥蚀,揭示了中国南方扬子和华夏地块聚合与裂解事件的重要信息. 相似文献
16.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(4):350-362
The Chapala graben forms part of a regional system of intra-arc and half-grabens located along the western and central portions of the Mexican Volcanic Belt. Results of a stratigraphic and tectonic study of the thick, widespread volcano-sedimentary sequence around the Chapala graben are reported. The study has concentrated on the distribution of lacustrine deposits and on the stratigraphy, geochronology, and deformation of the sequence. The volcano-sedimentary record suggests a probable link between the Tepic-Zacoalco and Chapala grabens through a basin system developed during late Miocene and early Pliocene time. The stratigraphic sections show a southward spatial migration of the basin (and lake) system. The main unit of the volcano-sedimentary succession is the Chapala Formation, which has been affected by northeast tilting, unlike the lacustrine deposits to the east in the Chapala plain (e.g., Ixtlan area), where the sequence is essentially flat lying. Two distinct units with different structural attitudes, separated by an angular unconformity, can be distinguished in the Chapala Formation. Based on differences between the stratigraphic sections and structural attitudes, we propose a model for development of the Chapala graben that involves a combination of left-lateral and extensional deformation, together with volcanic and erosional processes, all of which have contributed to shape the basin. Furthermore, we suggest that Lake Chapala is the remnant of a large Jalisco paleo-lake in west-central Mexico. 相似文献
17.
18.
K. E. Degtyarev T. Yu. Tolmacheva A. A. Tretyakov N. B. Kuznetsov E. A. Belousova T. V. Romanyuk 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2018,26(5):514-533
This work presents the data on the structure, geochronology, and formation settings of the Ordovician sedimentary and volcanogenic-sedimentary complexes of the Sterlitamak, Mariev, and Imanburluk structural and formational zones located in the western and northwestern frames of the Kokchetav massif (Northern Kazakhstan). In addition, the results of detailed stratigraphic, geochemical, and geochronological studies of the reference section of the Ordovician deposits of the Mariev Zone are given. The studied section is composed of carbonate, terrigenous, and less commonly volcanogenic-sedimentary deposits, confined to a wide stratigraphic interval from Tremadocian Stage of the Lower Ordovician to the lower Sandbian Stage of the Upper Ordovician. For the first time, the study of conodont assemblages made it possible to establish the Early to Middle Ordovician age of the most ancient limestone–dolomite sequence, which was previously conventionally attributed to the Cambrian. The above-lying tuffaceous–terrigenous Kupriyanovka Formation is now attributed to the Middle Ordovician. On the basis of compositional features of the lithoclastic tuffs composing the middle part of the formation, we assume that it was formed within the island arc zone. Limestones from the base of the youngest terrigenous–carbonate Kreshchenovka Formation are attributed to the lower part of the Sandbian Stage of the Upper Ordovician. The study of the geochronology of detrital zircons from terrigenous rocks of the limestone–dolomite sequence has shown that the Early Neoproterozoic quartzite–schist sequences of the Kokchetav massif were the most probable provenance area during its deposition. It was established that there was the change of sedimentation environments from closed lagoons to a relatively deep sea basin with normal salinity and intense circulation of water masses in the northwestern frame of the Kokchetav massif during the Ordovician. During this period of time, there was a sufficiently high level of erosion of provenance areas that resulted in the deposition of thick strata of terrigenous material. A general tendency of the deepening of sedimentation environments from the Early to Late Ordovician was interrupted by sea level rises in the Dapingian and early Darriwilian ages. 相似文献
19.
F. W. Shotton D. H. Keen G. R. Coope A. P. Currant P. L. Gibbard M. Aalto S. M. Peglar J. E. Robinson 《第四纪科学杂志》1993,8(4):293-325
A complex of channels underlying the Baginton-Lillington Gravel (Baginton Formation) at Waverley Wood Quarry, Warwickshire is described. Fossil pollen and plant macrofossils, Coleoptera, Ostracoda, Mollusca and Mammalia are described from the channel-fill deposits. Consideration of all the evidence allows the identification of four separate stages of channel fill which largely occurred under a cool temperate climate. At the top of Channel 2 evidence for a cold, continental climatic episode can be recognised, suggesting that the whole complex was deposited under a fluctuating climate at the end of a temperate stage. At two levels in the channels human artefacts were recovered confirming the presence of Palaeolithic people in Warwickshire during the deposition of the sediments. Amino-acid geochronology suggests an age within the ‘Cromerian Complex’ Stage for the channels. The small vertebrate and molluscan faunas indicate that the deposits are no older than the latter part of the ‘Cromerian Complex’ Stage of East Anglia. The regional stratigraphic significance of the Waverley Wood succession is outlined. 相似文献
20.
The Erlian Basin is one of the non-marine Cretaceous basins of north-east China that developed during the late Mesozoic continental extension in eastern Asia. This basin experienced two major tectonic events: (i) a syn-rift stage that was dominated by a fluvial–lacustrine depositional environment and (ii) a post-rift stage that was dominated by a fluvial environment. A new sedimentological study performed on Erlian Formation drill cores has led to the determination of an architectural model and to the subsequent characterisation of the stratigraphic evolution of this sedimentary unit during the late Cretaceous. The palynological occurrences that were identified in samples provided a possible stratigraphical age for the Erlian Formation.Sediments of the Erlian Formation occur at the top of the Cretaceous stratigraphic column of the Erlian Basin and were deposited during the post-rift stage. Facies architecture and the ideal succession of facies that were identified for this formation exhibit two different members, both dominated by a fluvial depositional environment: (i) the lower member, which is dominated by channels of a braided river system and (ii) the upper member, which is dominated by overbank deposits. The lower member expresses a tectonically induced uplift as indicated by channels clustering under negative accommodation, whereas a period of stratigraphic base-level rise that is associated with an increase of accommodation is identified in the upper member. Therefore the Erlian Formation highlights an alternation of short uplifts that were dominated by braided fluvial channel deposits with periods of stratigraphic base-level rise that were dominated by overbank deposits. This sedimentological architecture has significant metallogenic implications for the origin of confined permeable sandstone layers, which represent adequate host-rocks for roll front-type uranium deposits.The palynological assemblage Exesipollenites, Ulmipollenites/Ulmoideipites, Buttinia and Momipites that were recognised in two samples of the Erlian Formation has revealed a post-late Campanian age therefore more likely indicating a late Cretaceous age of deposition for the sediments of the Erlian Formation. 相似文献