共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
国内外铁矿石市场形势分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
铁矿石是钢铁工业稳健发展的基石。长期以来,我国铁矿石都处于供不应求状态,目前已经成为国际市场的最大买主,被号称为“全球吸铁石”。由于我国在国际市场上大量采购铁矿石,使得近年铁矿石价格变得扑朔迷离,为此付出了沉重的经济代价。为了更好地利用国外铁矿资源,更加理性地看待国内外铁矿石的供需问题,对国内外铁矿石的供需状况、进出口贸易及价格走势等市场方面的问题进行了分析,并提出了相应的政策建议。 相似文献
4.
5.
新冠肺炎疫情给全球经济带来重大冲击,而俄乌战争则在2022年对地缘政治带来巨大改变,战争风险的上升、外溢和持续发酵,使得全球建筑市场发生不小的变化,对中国对外承包工程全行业带来的影响不可小视. 相似文献
6.
天然气因其丰富的储量和清洁低碳的属性受到世界各国普遍重视。在未来30~50年内,天然气的消费量和比重还会继续上升,预计在2040年前后将成为第一大能源。科学分析天然气全球供需格局和研判其未来变化,是科学制定中国天然气发展战略的前提和基础。全球天然气的生产和消费严重分离,形成了基本的天然气供需格局。但新世纪以来,天然气领域全球出现了许多重大而影响深远的变化,美国页岩气革命改变了天然气的供应格局,2013年的俄乌争端将改变了天然气的贸易格局,固有的市场体系必不可免地随之改变。中国天然气需求的增速将大大高于产量的增速,天然气供需缺口将不断扩大。本文提出了我国天然气发展的战略思路,对我国天然气需求的供应保障和产业的可持续发展具有重要的理论和实践意义。 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
10.
锂作为全球重要的新兴关键性矿产之一,被中国、美国、日本、欧盟等世界各主要经济体列为战略性或关键矿产,各主要经济体愈加重视锂资源安全供应。为全面了解全球锂资源特征,剖析市场发展态势,全面梳理了全球锂资源主要成矿类型、分布特征、成矿时代和典型成矿区带情况,结合主要国家锂资源市场态势,分析了全球锂资源供需格局和价格走势,并就保障中国锂资源供应安全提出建议。总体来看,全球锂资源丰富,但分布和供需高度集中。当前,随着全球新能源产业的蓬勃发展,锂资源供给和需求快速增长,国际贸易量和价格稳步上升;为缓解供应紧张局面,全球锂资源开发项目众多,锂矿勘查投入逐年增加。中国作为全球第一大锂资源消费国,国内锂资源供给不足,对外依存度高达67%,仍存在锂资源市场产业链不完善、金融体系薄弱、企业国际竞争力较弱等问题。研究结果为全面了解全球锂资源特征和市场发展态势提供重要参考,对勘查投资具有一定指导意义。 相似文献
11.
中国铁矿资源勘查开发现状及供需形势分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
中国是世界钢铁生产和消费第一大国,如何摆脱由铁矿勘查投入持续下滑及铁矿石价格下行所带来的行业困境是近年来需高度关注的问题。本文通过对中国铁矿石的资源现状及供需格局进行综合分析,认为:(1)我国铁矿产量增速远低于我国钢铁需求的增速:以含铁量来计,2015年原矿产量相较于1998年仅增加了0.1倍,而粗钢表观需求量增加了4.5倍。(2)目前铁矿石的需求终端主要为建筑,近几年我国铁矿石消费量年增长率出现下降且有负增长,未来有可能会进一步放缓。(3) 2010年后铁矿石对外依存度持续攀升,最高达90%左右,进口量增速明显高于自产矿。由于铁矿石产能及产量的降速不及钢材,因此长期来看铁矿石价格或将继续下移。(4)未来中国铁矿石需求将会逐步下降,到2040年中国将需要8.56亿吨铁矿石,合理粗钢产能应为8.78～9.35亿吨。 相似文献
12.
13.
不锈钢产业是镍最大的消费领域,对全球镍消费趋势起决定性作用.近年来,电动汽车产业逐渐发展,动力电池对镍需求也逐渐得到重视,该领域的镍消费普遍被认为是最具发展潜力的镍消费领域.本文通过对镍需求的历史和现状进行分析,对未来不锈钢及电动汽车领域等重要部门的镍需求进行了展望,认为未来镍需求将由2019年243万t增长至2030年445万t,其中不锈钢领域仍为其第一大消费领域,电池领域上升为第二大消费领域;通过梳理全球镍资源情况及供应开发情况,认为由于受到疫情冲击,2020年镍矿供需形势紧张状态将有所缓解,但随着未来疫情好转,未来几年内镍仍将处于供需紧张状态;此外,通过梳理镍供应链条,本文认为市场对硫酸镍以及硫化镍矿需求未来有望持续增长,这对镍盐价格将形成有力支撑,对推动全球红土镍矿湿法产能建设也将形成一定促进作用. 相似文献
14.
Development and Utilization of the World’s and China’s Bulk Mineral Resources and their Supply and Demand Situation in the Next Twenty Years 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Bulk mineral resources of iron ores, copper ores, bauxite, lead ores, zinc ores and potassium salt play a pivotal role on the world’s and China’s economic development. This study analyzed and predicted their resources base and potential, development and utilization and their world’s and China’s supply and demand situation in the future 20 years. The supply and demand of these six bulk mineral products are generally balanced, with a slight surplus, which will guarantee the stability of the international mineral commodity market supply. The six mineral resources(especially iron ores and copper ores) are abundant and have a great potential, and their development and utilization scale will gradually increase. Till the end of 2014, the reserveproduction ratio of iron, copper, bauxite, lead, zinc ores and potassium salt was 95 years, 42 years, 100 years, 17 years, 37 years and 170 years, respectively. Except lead ores, the other five types all have reserve-production ratio exceeding 20 years, indicative of a high resources guarantee degree. If the utilization of recycled metals is counted in, the supply of the world’s six mineral products will exceed the demand in the future twenty years. In 2015–2035, the supply of iron ores, refined copper, primary aluminum, refined lead, zinc and potassium salt will exceed their demand by 0.4–0.7 billion tons(Gt), 5.0–6.0 million tons(Mt), 1.1–8.9 Mt, 1.0–2.0 Mt, 1.2–2.0 Mt and 4.8–5.6 Mt, respectively. It is predicted that there is no problem with the supply side of bulk mineral products such as iron ores, but local or structural shortage may occur because of geopolitics, monopoly control, resources nationalism and trade friction. Affected by China’s compressed industrialized development model, the demand of iron ores(crude steel), potassium salt, refined lead, refined copper, bauxite(primary aluminum) and zinc will gradually reach their peak in advance. The demand peak of iron ores(crude steel) will reach around 2015, 2016 for potassium salt, 2020 for refined lead, 2021 for bauxite(primary aluminum), 2022 for refined copper and 2023 for zinc. China’s demand for iron ores(crude steel), bauxite(primary aluminum) and zinc in the future 20 years will decline among the world’s demand, while that for refined copper, refined lead and potassium salt will slightly increase. The demand for bulk mineral products still remains high. In 2015–2035, China’s accumulative demand for iron ores(crude steel) will be 20.313 Gt(13.429 Gt), 0.304 Gt for refined copper, 2.466 Gt(0.616 Gt) of bauxite(primary aluminum), 0.102 Gt of refined lead, 0.138 Gt of zinc and 0.157 Gt of potassium salt, and they account for the world’s YOY(YOY) accumulative demand of 35.17%, 51.09%, 48.47%, 46.62%, 43.95% and 21.84%, respectively. This proportion is 49.40%, 102.52%, 87.44%, 105.65%, 93.62% and 106.49% of that in 2014, respectively. From the supply side of China’s bulk mineral resources, it is forecasted that the accumulative supply of primary(mine) mineral products in 2015–2035 is 4.046 Gt of iron ores, 0.591 Gt of copper,1.129 Gt of bauxite, 63.661 Mt of(mine) lead, 0.109 Gt of(mine) zinc and 0.128 Gt of potassium salt, which accounts for 8.82%, 13.92%, 26.67%, 47.09%, 33.04% and 15.56% of the world’s predicted YOY production, respectively. With the rapid increase in the smelting capacity of iron and steel and alumina, the rate of capacity utilization for crude steel, refined copper, alumina, primary aluminum and refined lead in 2014 was 72.13%, 83.63%, 74.45%, 70.76% and 72.22%, respectively. During 2000–2014, the rate of capacity utilization for China’s crude steel and refined copper showed a generally fluctuating decrease, which leads to an insufficient supply of primary mineral products. It is forecasted that the supply insufficiency of iron ores in 2015–2035 is 17.44 Gt, 0.245 Gt of copper in copper concentrates, 1.337 Gt of bauxite, 38.44 Mt of lead in lead concentrates and 29.19 Mt of zinc in zinc concentrates. China has gradually raised the utilization of recycled metals, which has mitigated the insufficient supply of primary metal products to some extent. It is forecasted that in 2015–2035 the accumulative utilization amount of steel scrap(iron ores) is 3.27 Gt(5.08 Gt), 70.312 Mt of recycled copper, 0.2 Gt of recycled aluminum, 48 Mt of recycled lead and 7.7 Mt of recycled zinc. The analysis on the supply and demand situation of China’s bulk mineral resources in 2015–2035 suggests that the supply-demand contradiction for these six types of mineral products will decrease, indicative of a generally declining external dependency. If the use of recycled metal amount is counted in, the external dependency of China’s iron, copper, bauxite, lead, zinc and potassium salt will be 79%, 65%, 26%, 8%, 16% and 18% in 2014, respectively. It is predicted that this external dependency will decrease to 62%, 64%, 20%,-0.93%, 16% and 14% in 2020, respectively, showing an overall decreasing trend. We propose the following suggestions correspondingly.(1) The demand peak of China’s crude steel and potassium salt will reach during 2015–2023 in succession. Mining transformation should be planned and deployed in advance to deal with the arrival of this demand peak.(2) The supply-demand contradiction of China’s bulk mineral resources will mitigate in the future 20 years, and the external dependency will decrease accordingly. It is suggested to adjust the mineral resources management policies according to different minerals and regions, and regulate the exploration and development activities.(3) China should further establish and improve the forced mechanism of resolving the smelting overcapacity of steel, refined copper, primary aluminum, lead and zinc to really achieve the goal of "reducing excess production capacity".(4) In accordance with the national strategic deployment of "One Belt One Road", China should encourage the excess capacity of steel, copper, alumina and primary aluminum enterprises to transfer to those countries or areas with abundant resources, high energy matching degree and relatively excellent infrastructure. Based on the national conditions, mining condition and geopolitics of the resources countries, we will gradually build steel, copper, aluminum and lead-zinc smelting bases, and potash processing and production bases, which will promote the excess capacity to transfer to the overseas orderly.(5) It is proposed to strengthen the planning and management of renewable resources recycling and to construct industrial base of renewable metal recycling.(6) China should promote the comprehensive development and utilization of paragenetic and associated mineral species to further improve the comprehensive utilization of bulk mineral resources. 相似文献
15.
16.
中国锰业存在的主要问题及对策建议 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随着中国经济的发展,我国锰矿消费增长迅速,进口锰矿石量快速攀升,对外依存度已从2010年的47%攀升到2019年的82%,呈逐年上升的趋势。本文在系统收集并总结我国锰矿资源及开发利用现状、资源潜力及供需现状等资料的基础上,依据钢铁产量与锰矿消费之间的线性关系,对未来我国锰矿需求进行了预测,并对影响我国锰业安全的主要问题进行了梳理。针对存在的问题,提出了建立大中型锰矿资源基地、提高锰矿资源查明率、优化锰产业结构、降低锰资源消费、加大"走出去"力度,以及建立国家资源储备体系等对策建议,以此提高我国锰业安全保障程度,缓解我国锰矿资源供应不足的问题。在此基础上,在我国主要锰矿矿集区内,划分了重点勘查区,并提出了锰矿勘查工作部署建议。 相似文献
17.
非洲锰矿床成矿规律、开发利用与勘查建议 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
锰矿是我国重要的战略矿产资源,需求量不断增长,长期依赖国外资源保障供需关系。本文总结分析了非洲锰矿资源的特点、矿床类型与成矿规律等地质特征与勘查开发利用及贸易现状。分析表明：非洲是全球探明锰矿储量和资源量最多的地区,具有分布集中,规模大、品位高、杂质少的特点;锰矿床类型主要有条带状含铁建造（BIF）型、海相沉积型、海相火山-沉积型、陆相（湖相三角洲）沉积型、岩浆热液型等五大类,普遍遭受表生风化淋滤（溶蚀）作用改造;主要分布在卡普瓦尔克拉通、刚果克拉通西北部的加蓬地块和西非克拉通南缘的马恩-莱奥地盾中;成矿时代主要集中于前寒武纪,尤其是2.2~2.0Ga;非洲锰矿资源的勘查开发程度较高,其中南非是非洲锰矿勘查程度最高的国家,中非、北非国家的勘查开发程度较低;南非是全球最大的锰矿石生产国和锰矿产品出口国,目前占全球出口量的68.19%以上,我国是非洲锰矿产的最大出口地,占其出口总量的70.19%。建议：我国在非洲的勘查应重点关注非洲中部的条带状含铁建造（BIF）型锰矿和海相火山-沉积型锰矿;在非洲已有的中企基础上,组建大型的集团公司,建立多元的锰矿资源供应体系。 相似文献
18.
面对百年未有之大变局的复杂国际形势和我国步入高质量发展新阶段对矿产资源的强劲需求形势,重塑我国矿业国际合作竞争新优势是保障我国矿产资源安全的必然选择。本文选取了22个战略性金属矿产,对我国矿业国际合作特征和境外资源分布情况进行了分析,将我国矿业国际合作的发展历程分为探索起步期(2004年以前)、快速增长期(2004~2013年)和转型发展期(2014年至今)。目前,我国矿业国际合作已经实现了规模化发展,以非洲为投资重点地区,多个矿种在全球矿业格局中已占有一席之地,但还存在投资结构可持续性不强、矿业公司竞争力不足等诸多问题。建议加强中国矿业现代化治理能力建设,将国际矿业合作纳入国家总体安全战略统筹规划,并开辟“一带一路”沿线国家资源供应地,重视战略性新兴矿产资源全球提前布局,以实现我国矿产资源安全保障。 相似文献
19.
中国是全球铁矿石第一消费大国,每年进口铁矿石量已超过9亿t,进口量超过全球铁矿石贸易量的60%,对全球铁矿主要类型特征及重要分布区带总结和潜力分析研究具有重要的理论和现实意义。本文总结了全球铁矿资源的禀赋特征,将全球铁矿床分为BIF相关型、沉积型、火山成因型、岩浆型、接触交代-热液型（矽卡岩型）5种成因类型,重点总结分析了BIF相关型和火山成因型铁矿地质特征、成因和找矿标志等。根据铁矿床产出的大地构造单元、地层层序、含矿建造特征及矿床类型、成矿时代等综合因素,在全球主要大地构造单元中共圈出33个铁矿分布区,47个铁矿重要分布区带,并对各重要分布区带的资源潜力进行了探讨。 相似文献