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1.
饮食地理文化作为地域文化中最具地方特色的重要元素,在现代人口大规模流动背景下呈现出全新的多样化局面,而基于传统认知的“南甜北咸”的地域分异已然不能代表中国现代食甜分布的空间特征。因此,本文采用网络爬虫技术,获取我国大陆31个省会城市共计约2000万条美食消费数据,从传统类菜品、主食类菜品、饮料类和甜品类菜品4个方面计算城市食甜度,在ArcGIS、MySQL软件支持下,借助GIS空间分析和数理统计方法探究我国现代食甜习惯的空间分布特征,分析影响食甜分布的因素。研究发现：① 中国食甜在空间分布上存在显著的地域分异特征,聚类分析评价参数R 2高达0.88,现代食甜习惯总体呈现“东高北中,西微内低”的包围式格局;② 从整体抑或局部角度,在1%显著性水平上莫兰指数均为正,中国食甜分布呈现显著的空间正相关关系,形成特色鲜明的3个地理集聚区,即以苏浙沪闽为主的东南沿海高甜集聚区,以渝黔川为主的西南内陆低甜集聚区和以陕宁为主的西北内陆低甜集聚区;③ 构建了中国现代食甜习惯分布影响因素模型,其拟合精度为0.82,分析结果显示降水、湿度、气温等气象要素及地理位置是影响现代我国食甜空间分布的重要因素。 相似文献
2.
VishwambharPrasadSati 《山地科学学报》2004,1(2):155-165
Agrarian system is well adapted in Himalayan eco-system. Hence, the people have adopted the traditional subsistence cereal farming and it becomes the main stay of Himalayan people. About 80 percent of the workable force is attached with agriculture and its allied practices, according to the census of 1991. Although, horticultural farming runs parallel with agriculture, its proportion in terms of land is quite less, resulted in a negligible place in the economy of the region. Human resources, mainly men are attached with national security after recruitment in Army. While, women play a vital and integrated role in maintaining the workable potential in the field of agriculture and are known as backbone of economy. An animal resource implies foremost and wider part in agricultural system and economy as well Water resources are unutilized yet, while almost all the major rivers of our country are originated from and flowing through this region. Increasing population causes forest resources depletion. The economy of the region is rested either on ‘traditional cereal farming‘ or ‘money order based‘ development, which could not take place due to its remoteness from the main streams of the country. The impactof modern technology with innovation in agricultural system remains impracticable due to unwillingness of people in one hand and on the other hand, adversege ographical conditions like topography, climate etc. which could not permit the uses of modern innovation in the field of agriculture. As for infra-structurally, this region is lacked behind, due to its inaccessibility. While, this region is bestowed with numerous rivers, many places for tourists and pilgrims, and huge forest resources. They might be used evenly in thedevelopment processes. The practice of tourism will help for the further development, particularly, in the wake of the newly born state, Uttaranchal. The present paper aims to evaluate the present potentiality of resources and their balanced utilization in the Pindar Basin. A precise study has been done on resource utilization, ecology and environment with keeping view in mind that more or less exploitation of resources could not influence the environment and the economy of the region. 相似文献
3.
江西省典型县域经济差异影响因子地理探测研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
地理环境因子对区域经济差异的影响一直是国内外学者关注的重点及热点问题,探究各因子对区域经济差异的影响力,科学揭示各因子的作用机制,将为区域经济发展战略的制定提供重要指导依据。本文利用多元回归和地理探测器等方法,综合探测了地形、地貌、土地利用、交通区位等因子对江西典型贫困县及富裕县县域经济差异的影响,深入对比分析了各因子的影响力、交互作用及指示作用,总结主导影响因子及其在2类县域的演变趋势,提出分类精准施策的建议,进一步深化了对该问题的研究。结果表明：① 所选的9个地理环境因子均对贫困县及富裕县县域经济产生影响,不同类型县域的主导影响因子及不同因子对同一类型县域的影响力均存在差异;② 从主导影响因子来看,贫困县主要受自然条件、地理区位的影响,而富裕县主要受资源丰度、交通区位的影响;③ 对比2种县域经济差异的显著影响因子,发现由贫困地区到富裕地区主导影响因素逐步由自然禀赋等不可控因素向交通、技术等可控因素变化;④ 经济发展过程中,应根据区域经济主导影响因子因地制宜,分类精准施策。同时,利用影响因子的强交互作用性,注重对该类因子的改善,对促进经济发展可起到事半功倍的效果。 相似文献
4.
Architectural heritage comprises one of the most important elements of mountain settlements in Greece. It holds high cultural value, represents the tangible continuation of the past and forms the unique character and identity of each mountain region. Yet, controversy regarding funding for its preservation often arises. In this paper, we used two Contingent Valuation surveys to estimate the social benefit deriving from protecting the traditional architecture in the mountainous village of Sirako and, through it, to examine perceptions and attitudes of local residents and visitors. Research findings revealed a strong social will in favor of the good’s protection followed by high percentages of positive willingness to pay (WTP). However, WTP is significantly higher among residents. Cultural heritage value, of the good, appears to prevail, along with the environmental one. However, both residents and visitors pointed out that local heritage, if well-preserved, will boost tourism development. Residents appeared to better recognize the true level of architectural decay, expressed higher apprehension for its protection and were willing to pay higher amount of money. Tourists, on the other side, expressed high satisfaction for their visit, appreciated the beauty and serenity emerging from local built and natural environment and spent several days visiting the surrounding area. The longer they stayed and got familiar with the village, the more willing they were to contribute to local heritage’s protection. Percentages reflecting indifference for protecting architecture were extremely low. Yet, they were higher among tourists. Traditional architecture is considered as public good; an opinion resulting in an important percentage of visitors stating that national government should provide the necessary funding. In addition, the architecture appears to hold a high level of topicality. Those descending from Sirako or emotionally connected to it, of both social groups, turned out to be more concerned about the good and with a stronger sense of responsibility for it. Use-value of the good holds high economic value, as well, while higher percentages of zero WTP appeared among non-users. Research findings revealed social attitudes and perceptions on what constitutes architectural heritage, in its cultural and economic frame. If taken under consideration, they may form useful drivers for local, heritage-based, sustainable development. 相似文献
5.
Yi Ren 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2010,20(1):43-50
This paper examines the organisational hierarchies and decision making processes of two Chinese multinational enterprises operating in Vietnam—China Luoyang Floating Glass Corp.(CLFG) and China TCL Holdings Co.Ltd.(TCL).For this study, research data were obtained from in-depth interviews of more than 20 government officials in P.R.China and Vietnam, and managers and staff of those two enterprises.Results indicate that the organisational structures of the two enterprises are still vertical but complex, although moderate changes made to them post the nationwide economic reform of China.Consequently, decision making process follows a "top-down" model, sometimes, with insufficient grassroots information.Findings are discussed in the light of political, social and cultural milieu, and implications are drawn for the management of Chinese multinational enterprises operating in overseas markets.Both CLFG and China TCL are structured on task specialisations.However, departmentalisation in TCL′s overseas division in head office is not only based on products, but also on geographical regions of markets.The organisational structure of TCL in Vietnam is less complex than the international division, but it is more centralised.Decision making at TCL combines more traditional Chinese business philosophy with modern western organisational characteristics.TCL has a strong western influence in its management style.However, some traditional characteristics such as "hero" leadership influence and political influence are involved with decision making at TCL.Amongst others, the transitional economy, social culture, poor management system and political sensitivity have been major elements influencing decision making.In the case of CLFG, some decisions have been made before proper information has been gathered and analysed. 相似文献
6.
地理命名实体分类体系的设计与应用分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
自然语言是一种重要的空间数据来源,从自然语言中获取地理空间信息是地理信息科学的重要研究议题。完善的地理命名实体分类体系,有助于实现自然语言中地理空间信息的解析、存贮、组织、管理、分析及共享应用。现有的基础地理要素分类体系、地名分类体系和组织机构分类体系,分别侧重于不同的应用领域,只能表达自然语言中的部分地理命名实体,没有考虑时空关联特性。本文在参照大量相关标准的基础上,根据大量自然语言文本的标注结果,以地理命名实体所指代的空间位置、地理特征和属性作为分类标准,采用主分表和复分表相结合的方式,设计了地理命名实体分类体系(简称"GNEC")。采用定量和定性相结合的方法,分析了GNEC与GB/T18521-2001,GB/T13923-2006,CHG IS的地名分类体系、ADL的FTT词表之间的兼容性,并以中文文本的地理命名实体解析和地图服务为例,验证了GNEC的应用性能。多样性是自然语言中地理实体描述的重要特征,而分类体系主要实现地理命名实体的概念化操作。因此,在GNEC基础上构建本体,将成为解决这一问题的有效途径。 相似文献
7.
Since 1978, within social geographic pattern of Chinese metropolis, differentiation not only has come to be in social entity,
but also by some degree embodied within residential space. Through the study on spatial segregation, the authors implicate
these above spatial differentiation from social polarization to residential segregation cause by change in the political economy,
in the organization of urban and real estate development (from project-specific to comprehensive development and real estate
development) and in the functions and value of urban planning (from a sectional-subordinated to a municipally based control).
The imprints of transition on social space are illustrated eight references to the example of Nanjing metropolis. Among the
new phenomenal identified here are the six types of residential area according to soci-economic status.
Foundation item: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 59838280) and the Resource and Ecological
Environment Key Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. (KZ952-J1-206).
Biography: ZHU Xi-gang(1956–), male, a native of Taicang City of Jiangsu Province, is a Ph. D. student of Nanjing University
and associate professor. His research interests include urban planning, urban spatial structure, economic development, architectural
desine etc. 相似文献
8.
基于地理探测器的南京市住宅租金空间分异格局及驱动因素研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以南京市“一主三副”住宅小区为研究单元,运用GIS中的渔网（Fishnet）分析和探索性空间数据分析（ESDA）对“一主三副”住宅租金的空间分布进行模拟和估计,并利用地理探测器模型从住宅小区的区位特征、建筑特征和邻里特征3个方面探究住宅租金空间分异的影响机制。结果表明：① 南京市住宅租金总体呈上升趋势,空间上表现出主城向副城递减的中心外围模式,住宅租金空间结构逐渐由单核向双核发展,且住宅租金存在显著的空间异质性;② 住宅租金呈现出明显的空间正相关性和区域集聚性,热点区自内城核心区至副城趋于弱化,冷热点空间格局呈圈层结构;③ 交通位势和中心位势是对一主三副住宅租金解释力最大的因素,商务配套、金融设施和住宅房龄的解释力次之,特征因素对主城副城租金的影响强度各异。 相似文献
9.
10.
The Ifugao Rice Terraces in the Philippines is recognized worldwide as a sustainable landscape where humans live in harmony with nature. The success of the Ifugao Rice Terraces largely depends on the attunement of local farmers to their environment and their ability to adapt to perceived changes, as manifested in their complex body of traditional ecological and climatic knowledge. This paper examines the local perceptions on climate change and other challenges to sustainability through focus group discussions with farmers and traditional knowledge holders. Our main findings can be summarized as follows: (i) Ifugao farmers were able to observe climatic changes in recent years, and these changes were intimately linked with broader environmental and socio-cultural changes in the Ifugao social-ecological system; (ii) The climatic changes qualitatively observed by the farmers were in agreement with trends in datasets commonly used in scientific assessments, although this agreement depends on the spatial and temporal resolution of the dataset, and the type of statistical analysis performed, and; (iii) The Ifugaos stressed the importance of traditional knowledge and culture in climate change adaptation, and preferred measures which could increase internal adaptive capacity while addressing broader sources of community vulnerability. Our results support calls to recognize Indigenous and Western science as equally valid ways of knowing. Discussions with the farmers revealed that in the Ifugao context, climate change may be better framed in the context of multiple stressors on rural livelihoods, with adaptation integrated into broader development objectives. Our findings also emphasize the need for greater engagement of indigenous Ifugao people in planning processes in order to identify adaptation strategies that are culturally appropriate, equitable, and effective in responding to local needs. 相似文献
11.
γ辐射剂量率的监测是天然放射性水平调查的重要部分,其关系到公众健康和辐射环境安全。目前中国环境γ辐射剂量率的空间分布水平的评价多基于专家经验知识,该方法不能够定量化表达γ辐射剂量率与环境因子的相互作用关系。为了进一步了解中国环境γ辐射剂量率的空间分布水平及影响其分布的机理,基于地理探测器提出了定量表达γ辐射剂量率与环境因子的相互作用关系的方法。本文首先收集了2015年全国辐射环境自动监测站的空气吸收剂量率的数据,并计算了44个地级市的年均值作为被解释变量;然后探索性分析了44个地级市的γ辐射剂量率的空间分布的规律;最后结合环境要素指标,借助地理探测器方法揭示了全国辐射剂量率的空间分布影响机理。研究发现：① 低值沿着中国黑河至南宁的沿线缓冲带分布,高值在该缓冲带两侧扩散。② 环境要素中解释力由高到底排序为：海拔高程（0.846）>气候带（0.741）>植被覆盖（0.691）>土地利用分类（0.427）>生态系统（0.419）>地形（0.101）。海拔高程一方面通过表观地球营力与地质构造,从而影响着地壳中天然辐射水平;另一方面对通过对自然环境的分布情况的影响,决定着人类生产活动的分布,进而作用到人工电离辐射源。因此影响γ辐射剂量率的空间分布的主要环境因子是综合了自然要素与人文经济活动的海拔高程。 相似文献
12.
Pingyu Zhang 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2008,18(2):109-118
Northeast China is the largest old industrial base of China that endured persistent influence of the past planned economy system. This region has lost its leading place since the reform and opening up, and became a backward region by contrast with the coastal areas. This paper elaborates the evolutionary process of the old industrial base of Northeast China, analyses the main reasons for the decline, gives a preliminary evaluation on the revitalizing polices in recent years, and points out major long-term challenges for future revitalization. It concludes that for Northeast China, a relative declining area： 1） it is indispensable to get the long-term policy support from the central government; 2） system reform and structure adjustment are the crucial strategies, particularly the reform of the large and medium state-owned enterprises; and developing new industries is as important as upgrading traditional advantaged industries; 3） the local governments should play an indirect role, avoiding from any unnecessary intervention on economic activity; and 4） social security and investment climate must be improved simultaneously. In addition, the author stresses that the lack of knowledge on the nature of old industrial base had led to failures of the past initiatives, and revitalizing the old industrial base should be treated as a holistic regional project including economy growth, society progress and environment improvement. 相似文献
13.
三维地理场景的可视化是虚拟地理环境研究中展示各类复杂地学过程与现象的重要技术。目前,现实中地理场景大多具有复杂度高、规模大、交互性强等特点, 故采用传统的单个计算机单屏显示方式, 已无法满足用户对沉浸感、大视野、高分辨率的可视化应用需求, 而多屏显示技术是一个解决该问题的有效途径。本文以福建长汀县水土流失治理过程中植被覆盖变化为例, 开展了时序三维地理场景的单机多屏同步可视化技术和漫游系统研究。提出了系统的软件架构和开发流程, 并引入多线程同步机制, 实现了三视图场景的构建、三屏同步显示、三屏同步路径漫游、矢量图的差异符号化和三维场景实景图片嵌入播放等技术, 设计并实现了一个以单个计算机控制三个显示屏幕的时序同步可视化漫游系统。采用3 个时相的彩色遥感卫星影像,叠加数字高程模型形成反映不同时期水土流失程度变化的三维地理场景, 在水土流失治理过程成果展示中得到了应用。系统除了三维场景沉浸感强、震撼力大之外, 还具有动态变化、信息量大、表现力强等特点, 在地理场景动态可视化方面有独特的应用前景。 相似文献
14.
吴国雄 《成都信息工程学院学报》1987,(1)
本文扼要回顾了国外关于核爆炸对人类生命、自然环境及气候影响的研究;介绍了近几年关于“核冬天”研究的新成果。通过沙暴尘埃对短波辐射吸收强度的分析,讨论了浓密气溶胶的天气气候效应。 相似文献
15.
Chunfen Li 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1993,3(4):289-296
Integrity and disparity are two of the basic characteristics implied in the scientific connotation of the physical environment
as a material system. From a dialectical materialistic point of view the physical character of geographical environment of
the earth surface is the unity in diversity. It is on such grounds that the two basic characteristics were put forth by the
author in his monograph “Physical Structure of South American Geographical Environment” as the underlying theme. This holds
true for the hierarchy of physical regions. For instance, the physical environment of the earth surface in unity behaves as
a huge whole, yet, in differentiation into continents, it displays disparity; each continent differs from others and becomes
an integrity in its own right. The same is true of regions of lower levels. In the case of generality and individuality of
regional types and their constituent distributive areas in different continents, the same relationship exists among them.
Owing to similar origin each type and its distributive areas in different continents bear the general character in common.
On the other hand, each area expresses its own peculiarities, resulting from the interactions of the specific conditions of
the continent in which lies the area concerned. In addition, the South American tropical west-coast desert exemplifies an
observable dynamic changes of the physical structure of geographical environment from aid to humid and vice versa with the
wax and wane of E1 Nino. 相似文献
16.
蔡运龙 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1997,7(4):289-301
Globalclimatechangeanditspotentialinlliactsonhumanaffairshavebeenthesubjectofconsiderablediscussionwithintheaca相似文献
17.
Commercial economic region (CER), or commercial geographical region, is the result of socialized production and development of commodity economy, characterized by system holisty, regional independence, interregional openness and relative steadiness. Commercial economic regionalization provides a scientific basis for organizing and building a commodity circulation network system with all directions, multifunction and openness, rational planning the direction of commodity flow. The principles of commercial economic regionalization are as follows: The principle taking a city business center as the core; the optimization principle of integrated function; the difference principle of physical geographical environment; the uniformity principle of human geographical environment; and the order principle of dissipative structure. According to the above-mentioned principles, China's CER can be divided into 4 1evels. 相似文献
18.
Community tourism as practiced in the mountainous Qiang region of Sichuan Province, China — a case study in Zhenghe Village 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
In China, community tourism is still a relatively new phenomenon, but the villagers of a small Qiang village in the Qiang Autonomous County of Beichuan in Southwestern Sichuan have initiated tourism in a way which conforms to the basic theory of community tourism development. This demonstrates that community tourism possesses a strength and vitality that can promote the development of tourism in the rural and mountainous areas. In the district of Zhenghe Village, the tourism industry, based on the community tourism model, is the mainstay of its economy. The practice of community tourism in the village not only promotes the economic development of the village community, but also leads to the protection of the mountainous natural environment and of the culture of the Qiang people. This paper investigates the development process of community tourism in Zhenghe and shows how the local residents participate in this process. It also looks at how profits have been distributed within the community. It demonstrates that community tourism is a correct choice by the Zhenghe people as they have dearly been moving from poverty to prosperity, while the local ecology and environment have been simultaneously protected. The authors hope that other minority villages with similar local conditions and natural resources will be able to use this example to develop their own community tourism. 相似文献
19.
PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF GEOGRAPHICAL ENVIRONMENT-INTEGRITY AND DISPARITY,GENERALITY AND INDIVIDUALITY 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李春芬 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1993,(4)
Integrity and disparity are two of the basic characteristics implied in the scientific connotation of the physical environment as a material system. From a dialectical materialistic point of view the physical character of geographical environment of the earth surface is the unity in diversity. It is on such grounds that the two basic characteristics were put forth by the author in his monograph "Physical Structure of South American Geographical Environment" as the underlying theme. This holds true for the hierarchy of physical regions. For instance, the physical environment of the earth surface in unity behaves as a huge whole, yet, in differentiation into continents, it displays disparity; each continent differs from others and becomes an integrity in its own right. The same is true of regions of lower levels. In the case of generality and individuality of regional types and their constituent distributive areas in different continents, the same relationship exists among them. Owing to similar origin ea 相似文献
20.
李爽 《地球信息科学学报》2004,6(4):15-18
从地球系统科学和地理科学研究内容与研究手段的角度出发,探讨数字地球对人地关系研究的影响,在新技术框架下,地球系统科学所研究的新人地关系,成为实现可计算的人地关系的现代地理学发展关键阶段所必需的理论与技术依托。研究认为在数字地球实验室框架下,可以实现为地理科学的原始性创新提供虚拟创新环境。地理科学虚拟创新环境以不同空间、时间分辨率的数据为基础,或以物质和能量的多种分辨率的有关资源、环境、社会、经济和人口等海量数据或信息进行数据融合后产生的数据,按照一定的地理坐标,从里层到外层,从岩石圈到生物圈、大气圈,从局部到整体,从区域到全球进行整合、融合及多维(如4维)动态模拟,从而为解决地理科学这个复杂巨系统现状描述、历史反演、未来预测研究提供知识创新的平台、技术开发与理论研究的实验基地。 相似文献