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1.
《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2020,19(5)
The northern South China Sea(NSCS) is a dynamically complex region whose shelf and slope currents are driven by different mechanisms. In this study, we used field measurements to identify clear interannual variations in the circulation related to the El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation cycle. To investigate the modulation mechanisms, we used a high-resolution numerical model that covers the shelf and slope regions of the NSCS. The results indicate that the stronger southwestward slope current during La Ni?a and stronger northeastward shelf current during El Ni?o in summer and winter are largely related to changes in wind forcing. The Kuroshio intrusion into the NSCS does not appear to significantly affect the circulation in the southwestern shelf region. 相似文献
2.
Using a Finite-Volume Community Ocean Model, we investigated the dynamic mechanism of the South China Sea Warm Current(SCSWC) in the northern South China Sea(NSCS) during winter monsoon relaxation. The model reproduces the mean surface circulation of the NSCS during winter, while model-simulated subtidal currents generally capture its current pattern. The model shows that the current over the continental shelf is generally southwestward, under a strong winter monsoon condition, but a northeastward counter-wind current usually develops between 50-and 100-m isobaths, when the monsoon relaxes. Model experiments, focusing on the wind relaxation process, show that sea level is elevated in the northwestern South China Sea(SCS), related to the persistent northeasterly monsoon. Following wind relaxation, a high sea level band builds up along the mid-shelf, and a northeastward current develops, having an obvious vertical barotropic structure. Momentum balance analysis indicates that an along-shelf pressure gradient provides the initial driving force for the SCSWC during the first few days following wind relaxation. The SCSWC subsequently reaches a steady quasi-geostrophic balance in the cross-shelf direction, mainly linked to sea level adjustment over the shelf. Lagrangian particle tracking experiments show that both the southwestward coastal current and slope current contribute to the northeastward movement of the SCSWC during winter monsoon relaxation. 相似文献
3.
Spatial and seasonal variabilities of submesoscale currents in the northeastern South China Sea are investigated by employing a numerical simulation with a horizontal resolution of 1 km. The results suggest that submesoscale currents are widespread in the surface mixed layer mainly due to the mixed layer instabilities and frontogenesis. In horizontal, submesoscale currents are generally more active in the north than those in the south, since that active eddies, especially cyclonic eddies, mainly occur in the northern area. Specifically, submesoscale currents are highly intensified in the east of Dongsha Island and south of Taiwan Island. In temporal sense, submesoscale currents are more active in winter than those in summer,since the mixed layer is thicker and more unstable in the winter. The parameterization developed by FoxKemper et al. is examined in terms of vertical velocity, and the results suggest that it could reproduce the vertical velocity if mixed layer instability dominates there. This study improves our understanding of the submesoscale dynamics in the South China Sea. 相似文献
4.
The sea surface height oscillation with a quasi-four-month period (SSHO4) along continental slope in the northern South China Sea (NSCS) is detected using satellite altimeter data and an ocean model simulation. The SSHO4 is at southwest of Dongsha Island, and is characterized by a wavelength of ~600 km and a southwestward phase speed of ~0.1 m/s. Crossing the climatological background SST front, geostrophic currents corresponding to the SSHO4 generally induce sea surface temperature (SST) "tongues" during January-March. The cold and warm SST tongues appear southwest of cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies, respectively. The distance between the warm and cold SST tongues is about half the wavelength of the SSHO4. The geostrophic currents play an important role in lateral mixing, as manifested by the SST tongue phenomena in the NSCS. 相似文献
5.
6.
In this paper, CTD observational data obtained during the 15th Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition (CHINARE-15) in the Southern Ocean are used to analyse and study water mass distribution in the Prydz Bay and its adjacent seas. The area, depth, and the thermohaline characteristics are identified for the Prydz Bay summer coastal surface water, the Prydz Bay winter water, the Prydz Bay shelf water, and the circumpolar deep water. Based on the above discussion, the northward extention of the Prydz Bay shelf water are found. Then the thermodynamic and the dynamic characteristics are further discussed, dealing with the inversion layer depth of the water temperature, the locations of the minima of the vertical temperature distribution and the temperature vertical gradient in the water column, the baraclinicity, and the effect of Coriolis deflection force. 相似文献
7.
Supercooled water with temperatures below freezing point,was identified from hydrographic data obtained by Chinese and Australian expeditions to Prydz Bay,Antarctica,during the austral summer.The study shows that most supercooled waters occurred at depths of 63-271 m in the region north of the Amery Ice Shelf(AIS) front.The maximum supercooling was 0.16°C below the in-situ freezing point.In temperature and salinity ranges of-2.14--1.96°C and 34.39-34.46,respectively,the water was colder and fresher than peripheral shelf water.The supercooled water had less variability in the vertical profiles compared to shelf water.Based on analysis of their thermohaline features and spatial distribution,as well as the circulation pattern in Prydz Bay,we conclude that these supercooled waters originated from a cavity beneath the AIS and resulted from upwelling just outside of the AIS front.Water emerging from the ice shelf cools to an extremely low temperature(about-2.0°C) by additional cooling from the ice shelf,and becomes buoyant with the addition of melt water from the ice shelf base.When this water flows out of the ice shelf front,its upper boundary is removed,and thus it rises abruptly.Once the temperature of this water reaches below the freezing point,supercooling takes place.In summer,the seasonal pycnocline at-100 m water depth acts as a barrier to upwelling and supercooling.The upwelling of ice shelf outflow water illuminates a unique mid-depth convection of the polar ocean. 相似文献
8.
1 INTRODUCTIONThe South China Sea (SCS) is a semi-enclosedmarginal sea in western North Pacific Ocean withvery complex topography and is the important pas-sage connecting the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Ithas great impact to the global climate and a greatinterest of many oceanography researchers. Twodominant surface hydrographic and circulation fea-tures in the northern SCS are a strong fresh waterexpansion and a warm and high-salinity seawaterintrusion such as the SCS Diluted Water… 相似文献
9.
While the Antarctic Slope Current(ASC) has been intensively studied for the East Antarctica slope area and the Weddell Sea, its fate in the western Antarctic Peninsula(WAP) region remains much less known. Data from two cruises conducted near the South Shetland Islands(SSIs) and the Elephant Island(EI), one in austral summer of 2004 and one in austral winter of 2006, were analyzed to provide a broad picture of the circulation pattern over the continental slope of the surveyed area, and an insight into the dynamical balance of the circulation. The results indicate that southwestward currents are present over the upper slope in the study area, indicating the ASC in the WAP region. Near the Shackleton Gap(SG) north of the EI, the southwestward slope currents near the shelf break are characterized by a water mass colder and fresher than the ambient water, which produces cross-slope density gradients and then vertical shear of the along-slope(or along-isobath) velocity. The vertical shear is associated with a reversal of the along-slope current from northeastward at surface to southwestward in deeper layers, or a depth-intensification of the southwestward slope currents. The water mass with temperature and salinity characteristics similar to the observed cold and fresh water is also revealed on the southern slope of the Scotia Sea, suggesting that this cold and fresh water is originated from the Scotia Sea slope and flows southwestward through the SG. Over the shelf north of the SSIs, the cold and fresh water mass is also observed and originates mainly from the Bransfield Strait. In this area, vertical structure of the southwestward slope currents is associated with the onshore intrusion of the upper Circumpolar Deep Water that creates cross-slope density gradients. 相似文献
10.
In this paper, we use the conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) observation data and a three-dimensional ocean model in a seasonally-varying
forcing field to study the barrier layer (BL) in the PN section in the East China Sea (ECS). The BL can be found along the
PN section with obviously seasonal variability. In winter, spring and autumn, the BL occurs around the slope where the cold
shelf water meets with the warm Kuroshio water. In summer, the BL can also be found in the shelf area near salinity front
of the Changjiang (Yangtze) River Dilution Water (YRDW). Seasonal variations of BL in the PN section are caused by local hydrological
characteristics and seasonal variations of atmospheric forcing. Strong vertical convection caused by sea surface cooling thickens
the BL in winter and spring in the slope area. Due to the large discharge of Changjiang River in summer, the BL occurs extensively
in the shelf region where the fresh YRDW and the salty bottom water meet and form a strong halocline above the seasonal thermocline.
The formation mechanism of BL in the PN section can be explained by the vertical shear of different water masses, which is
called the advection mechanism. The interannual variation of BL in summer is greatly affected by the YRDW. In the larger YRDW
year (such as 1998), a shallow but much thicker BL existed on the shelf area.
Supported by National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, No. 2005CB422303 and 2007CB411804), the Key Project of
the International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China (No. 2006DFB21250), the “111 Project” of the Ministry
of Education (No. B07036), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University, China (No. NECT-07-0781) 相似文献
11.
A VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION MODEL OF NUTRIENTS AND DISSOLVED OXYGEN IN THE SOUTHERN TAIWAN STRAIT 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Sinoe vertical transport of nutrients and dissolved oxygen are quite important in the water col-umn and have drawn serious attention these recent years, a one-dmension numerical model is tried to simulate the vertical distribution of nutrients and dissolved oxygen in June at two research sites in the southemTaiwan Strait. Physical transport parameters are calibrated by temperature simulation, and thenare used to simulate the profiles of NO_3, PO_4 and dissolved oxygen. The simulation was generally success-ful for both stations. The importance of various factors, such as upwelling tidal current andbiogeochemical activities, which influence the vertical distribution of nutrients and dissolved oxygen, is revealed by analysis of the modeling results. Some important rates, fluxes and ratios are also estimated anddiscussed on the basis of simulation. 相似文献
12.
John M. Bane 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1988,6(4):334-342
Current and temperature data from a one-year-long instrument deployment in the region just northeast of Cape Hatteras have
shown the oceanic variability to be, intense and quite complex. Changes in the position of the Gulf Stream’s path were observed
to occur following cold core Gulf Stream passages through the area. The time between these changes was a few months. The Gulf
Stream jet itself was seen to meander in a manner previously observed, as long as it was not undergoing a strong ring/stream
interaction. Several isolated vortices progressed through the array, with the majority of them being in the submesoscale coherent
vortex class. Two mid-depth, anticyclonic warm eddies progressed through the array. It is likely the two events were caused
by two different transits of the same eddy. The deep waters below the main thermocline oscillated as topographic Rossby waves
progressed through the array area. 相似文献
13.
We investigate the influence of low-frequency Rossby waves on the thermal structure of the upper southwestern tropical Indian
Ocean (SWTIO) using Argo profiles, satellite altimetric data, sea surface temperature, wind field data and the theory of linear
vertical normal mode decomposition. Our results show that the SWTIO is generally dominated by the first baroclinic mode motion.
As strong downwelling Rossby waves reach the SWTIO, the contribution of the second baroclinic mode motion in this region can
be increased mainly because of the reduction in the vertical stratification of the upper layer above thermocline, and the
enhancement in the vertical stratification of the lower layer under thermocline also contributes to it. The vertical displacement
of each isothermal is enlarged and the thermal structure of the upper level is modulated, which is indicative of strong vertical
mixing. However, the cold Rossby waves increase the vertical stratification of the upper level, restricting the variability
related to the second baroclinic mode. On the other hand, during decaying phase of warm Rossby waves, Ekman upwelling and
advection processes associated with the surface cyclonic wind circulation can restrain the downwelling processes, carrying
the relatively colder water to the near-surface, which results in an out-of-phase phenomenon between sea surface temperature
anomaly (SSTA) and sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) in the SWTIO. 相似文献
14.
潘海 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1993,11(1):80-88
A stratification parameter ,defined as theamount of mechanical energy required to bring about vertical mixing, has been calculated for theYellow Sea using available data over the past ten years.T he monthly distributions of Log are obtained to explain the features of the Yellow Sea stratification.Fronts of the shallow shelf sea are often inseparably related with its stratifications. The front of the Yellow Sea in the warm half-year is generated in May and disappears in November. The shelf front moves shoreward and becomes strong in the heating season, but becomes weak in the cooling season upon return. 相似文献
15.
LI Jianbing REN Jingling ZHANG Jing LIU Sumei 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2008,7(1):48-54
Water samples containing dissolved aluminum were collected from the Yellow and East China Seas in October-November 2000. The average concentrations of dissolved AI in the Yellow Sea （YS） and East China Sea （ECS） were 0.042 and 0.056 μ molL^-1, respectively. The concentration of dissolved aluminum decreased gradually across the continental shelf. The lower concentrations appeared in the YS cold water center and in the bottom layer at the shelf edge of the ECS, where they were 0.016 and 0.011 μmolL^-1, respectively. The distribution of dissolved Al was controlled by physical mixing processes rather than biological uptake processes. The impact of different water masses along the PN transect was calculated based on the mass balance model. The results show that the impact of the Changjiang River was mainly concentrated on the coastal area and the top thermocline water on the ECS shelf, where the impact percentage decreased from 12.6% to 1.1% in the surface water, while the contribution of the Kuroshio water was dominant on the ECS shelf in this survey, increasing from 77.6% to 97,8% along the PN transect from the Changjiang River Estuary to the Ryukyu Islands. It is concluded that aluminum can serve as a proper tracer for studying the impact of Changjiang terrestrial matter on the ECS shelf water. 相似文献
16.
湖南电网严重冰灾天气成因分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究2005年初和2008年初2次造成湖南电网严重冰灾的低温雨雪冰冻天气过程的成因,利用NCEP1°×1°全球再分析资料、地面常规气象观测资料及环流特征指数资料对过程期间高中低三层的水平和垂直结构进行了诊断分析,并分析了两次冰冻天气过程中各项环流特征指数与气温的相关性,结果表明:副高强度持续偏强,中层有暖层存在,850hPa与700hPa有明显的逆温层,700hPa强劲的西南急流,850hPa南北温差锋区的建立和维持,异常强大的冷高压长时间控制是造成两次冰灾过程的主要原因;地面降水、相对湿度、日平均气温、日最低气温、风向风速均与电线覆冰直径有关,温度垂直结构、环流指数和地形也与冰冻有一定关系。 相似文献
17.
Desertization of the continental shelf of China in the later stage of Late Pleistocene 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In the later stage of Late Pleistocene, global climate entered into the climax period of Würm when temperature decreased remarkably
and glaciers developed. Information from the East China Sea also confirm that the sea level fell by at least 130 m at that
time (Emery, 1968). The Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea at the climax period were totally exposed, while the East China Sea and South
China Sea shelf regions were exposed partly. The exposed shelf area exceeded 1 million km2 and became a salty desert where land plants could not survive. Such were the conditions which led to the desertization of
the shelf region.
Eolation was the major exogenetic force not only on land but also on the shelf region in the ice age. At the climax period
of Würm, the northern part of China developed thick layers of loess deposits. The shelf region at that time had similar climatic
conditions and sediments. Because the shelf region was not protected by vegetation in the ice age, intensive wind storms remoulded
the primarily deposited strata to produce new sedimentary differentiation and new series of land sediments. Shallow-layer
profiler records indicated the existence of many land sediment types, including dunes, dune-chains, desert bodies, thick layers
of repose angle sediments and desertization derivatives.
New data available show the shelf region adjoining China can be divided into six regions of desertization and its derivatives.
Contribution No. 1846, from the Institute of Oceanology, Acadernia Sinica.
Project sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. 相似文献
18.
FANG Mingqiang 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2006,5(1):35-38
The heat distributions in the upper layers of the ocean have been studied and some important low frequency oscillations （LFOs） are already found and quantified by using various characteristic factors. In this paper, the ‘heat center＇ of a sea area is defined with a simple method. Then the temperature data set of the upper layer of the global ocean （from surface down to 400 m, 1955-2003） is analyzed to detect the possible LFOs. Not only some zonal LFOs, which were reported early, but also some strong LFOs of the vertical and meridional heat distribution, which might imply some physical sense, are detected. It should be noted that the similar vertical oscillation pattern can be found in the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean. Results from some preliminary studies show that the vertical LFO might be caused by the solar irradiance anomalies. This study may help reveal some unknown dynamical processes in the global oceans and may also benefit other related studies. 相似文献
19.
With parameterized wave mixing, the circulation and the tidal current in the Bering Sea were simulated simultaneously using the three-dimensional Princeton Ocean Model. The simulated circulation pattern in the deep basin is relatively stable, cyclonic, and has little seasonal change. The Bering Slope Current between 200-1000 m isobaths was estimated to be 5 Sv in volume transport. The Kamchatka Current was estimated to be 20 Sv off the Kamchatka Peninsula. The Bering shelf circulations vary with season, driven mainly by wind. These features are consistent with historical esti- mates. A counter current was captured flowing southeastward approximately along the 200 m isobath of the Bering Slope, opposite to the northwestward Bering Slope Current, which needs to be validated by observations. An upwelling current is located in the shelf break （ 120-1000 m） area, which may imply the vertical advection of nutrients for supporting the Bering Sea Green Belt seasonal plankton blooms in the breakslope area. The Bering Slope Current is located in a downwelling area. 相似文献
20.
Bottom temperature variation (BTV) is a serious problem in determining the thermal gradient and heart flow of the sediments
in shallow seas. The water depth of the East China Sea shelf is mostly below 150m, and the heat flow measurement is strongly
affected by BTV. Following a statistical algorithm, we rechecked the temperature and thermal conductivity data of the cruises
KX90-1 and KX91-1, carried out by a cooperation program of China and Japan, and calculate the heat flow in a site without
long-term temperature record. The calculated heat flow in the site was 58.6±3.6 mW/m2, being just within the range of the drill heat flow value of East China Sea shelf. The inversed amplitude spectrum of BTV
has a peak in frequency of 1/10 per year, and the annual component is also an important part. Comparison with two lakes of
Lake Greifensee and Lac Leman (i.e. Lake Geneva), which are in different water depth, revealed that with increasing water
depth, the peak of amplitude spectrum moved towards low frequency components. The heat flow values calculated in this paper
and from petroleum bore hole in East China Sea shelf are much more close to that in southeast China than in Okinawa Trough.
Supported by the National High Technology R&D Program of China (2004 AA616060) 相似文献